Introduction to Arduino

1 Dong Ho Son POSTECH, Pohang, Korea donghoson@postech.ac.kr Introduction to Arduino

2 Table of Contents • What is Arduino? • Many Flavors of Arduino • Arduino Add-ons • Arduino Projects • References

4 What is Arduino? (1/5)  Arduino • Open source hardware and software platform for IoT • The most popular IoT device development platform • Allows a low-cost and easy way to create devices that interact with their environment using sensors and actuators • Arduino = Arduino board (H/W) + IDE (S/W) − Arduino board: Microcontroller board − IDE: Integrated Development Environment Arduino board IDE

5 What is Arduino? (2/5)  Microcontroller • Small controller on a single integrated chip − Containing a microprocessor, memory (RAM, ROM, Flash), input/output ports • Typically "embedded" inside some devices that they control  Used in • cellphones, toys, home appliances, cars, cameras, … Source: learn.mikroe.com/ebooks/piccprogramming/chapter/introduction-to-the-world-of-microcontrollers

6 What is Arduino? (3/5)  Arduino programming language • based on Wiring, used to develop Arduino programs  IDE (Integrated Development Environment) • Includes a code editor, compiler and uploader to upload programs to a board • Runs on Windows, Mac OS, Linux • A program written with the IDE for Arduino is called a sketch. ① Connect sensors to the Arduino② Write a sketch & Debug ③ Compile the sketch & upload to Arduino ④ Run a program on ArduinoUSB Cable for serial communication PC Arduino UnoUSB A type USB B type Source : pixabay

7 What is Arduino? (4/5)  Open-source platform • Both hardware and software are open source • Lots of HW & SW already available • Can easily modify/extend them • The language can be expanded through C++ libraries and add AVR C codes • Supports Windows, Mac OS, Linux  Can easily connect digital and analog electronic parts • Sensors (temperature/humidity sensors, GPS Locators, accelerometers) • Actuators (LEDs, switches or electrical motors) Source : oshwa.org http://blog.codebender.cc/2014/02/28/introduction/

8 What is Arduino? (5/5)  Why use Arduino? • Easy to use platform • Ease of programming • Simple USB interface • Simple IDE • Many documents, tutorials, Youtube videos available • Many shields available − Arduino shields are modular circuit boards that piggyback onto the Arduino board to perform extra functionality • Inexpensive − $30~40 US Source: flickr.com/photos/sparkfun/17683501218 Source: commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Horloge_sur_l%E2%80%99Arduino.jpg

10 Many Flavors of Arduino (1/5)  Many different versions • Number of I/O channels • Form factor • Processor  Uno  Leonardo  Due  Micro / Mini / Nano  LilyPad  Esplora  Mega Source : arduino.cc

11 Many Flavors of Arduino (2/5)  Arduino – Uno • The best board to get started with electronics and coding • The Uno is the most used and documented board of the whole Arduino family  Hardware specifications • Length x Width: 68.6mm x 53.4mm • Weight: 25g • Microcontroller: ATmega328P • 14 digital I/O pins • 6 analog inputs • A USB connection • A power jack 14x Digital IN/OUT Microcontoller 6x Analog INDC Power Jack USB Source : arduino.cc

12 Many Flavors of Arduino (3/5)  Arduino – Leonardo • Compared to Uno, a slight upgrade • 20 digital I/O pins • Similar to an Arduino Uno, can be recognized by computer as a mouse or keyboard − Builtiin USB capability  Arduino - Due • Much faster processor, many more pins • The first Arduino board based on a 32-bit ARM core microcontroller • 54 digital I/O pins • Perfect board for larger scale Arduino project Source : arduino.cc

13 Many Flavors of Arduino (4/5)  Arduino – Micro • When size matters: Micro, Nano, Mini • Arduino Micro is the smallest board of the family • Includes all functionality of the Leonardo • Easily usable on a breadboard  Arduino - LilyPad • The LilyPad Arduino family of boards has been designed for wearable applications • Allow easy connection with sensors and actuators developed for an easy integration with clothes and fabrics Source : arduino.cc

14 Many Flavors of Arduino (5/5)  Arduino – Esplora • Derived from Leonardo version • Used mainly for game controller • Includes a joystick, slider, temperature sensor, accelerometer, microphone, and light sensor  Arduino – Mega • Designed for more complex projects • 54 digital I/O pins − Many more communication pins • More memory Source : arduino.cc

15 Arduino-like Systems kocoafab Orange Board LeafLabs Maple BeagleBoard Source: wikipedia Source: Kocoafab

17 Arduino Add-ons (Shields) <Color LCD Shield><Power Driver Shield><GPS Shield> - Arduino shields are modular circuit boards that piggyback onto the Arduino board to perform extra functionality

18 Arduino Add-ons (Shields) <Touchscreen Shield> <Data logging Shield> <Sound (music) Shield> Source: adafruit.com Source: adafruit.com Source: adafruit.com

19 Arduino Add-ons (Shields)  Communication Shields <XBee shield> <Ethernet shield> <Wi-Fi shield>

20 Arduino Add-ons (Modules)  Modules perform some function and send serial data to Arduino <GPS module> <Bluetooth module> <RFID module> Source: https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-difference-between-module-and-shield <module connected via jump cables> Source: https://Arduino.cc <XBee Shield on top of Arduino board>

21 Arduino Add-ons (Sensors) <Flex (bend/stretch) sensor> <Gas sensor> <Temperature & humidity sensor><Ultrasonic distance measuring sensor> <Sound sensor> Source : ebay

22 Arduino Add-ons (Sensors) <Photoresistor> <Force sensitive resistor> <Hall effect sensor> <Piezo sensor> <Tilt sensor> Source : ebay

23 Arduino Add-ons (Actuators)  Actuator • Cause some physical action to be taken − Turn on a switch, lighting, heating, motor action, display of information, etc.  Types of Actuators • Light − LEDs, Fluorescent lamps, LCD displays, lasers • Sound − Buzzers, Beepers, Speakers, MP3/Audio players, synthesizers • Motion − DC Motors, Stepper Motors, Servo-motors, solenoids, "muscle-wire", electromagnets • Power Control − Control of other electrically operated devices

25 Projects (1/2)  RearEye - A wearable additional eye • Simple Lilypad project to get additional distance senses • By putting it in pocket or backpack in order to sense something approaching • Consists of a Lilypad, a LilyPad Vibe Board and a SRF05 Ultrasonic Ranger Source : arduino.cc

26 Projects (2/2)  Motion Following Motorized Camera Base • Upgrade your home security camera or webcam with a motorized stand that will detect and follow any motion around the camera − https://www.hackster.io/lindsi8784/motion-following-motorized-camera-base- 61afeb?ref=user&ref_id=58889&offset=0 Source https://www.hackster.io/lindsi8784/motion- following-motorized-camera-base- 61afeb?ref=user&ref_id=58889&offset=0

27 Other Interesting Projects  LED Matrix from processing • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kkJDWrM-K4U  Arduino Flash Control • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7T1jmj4KClA  Google Earthwalk • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zoNwJ931aqI  Ultrasonic grass • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bZIKbuZaJSQ  Piezo pong • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nXLDyBFsqdg  Accelerometer and Flash • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=49WBPIIo3EE  Lots of interesting projects you can find in • http://playground.arduino.cc/projects/arduinoUsers

29 References  http://arduino.cc/ • Official homepage – hardware, software, forums, Arduino language, tutorials, etc.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=23&v=UoBUXOOdLXY • TED Talk - How Arduino is open-souring imagination  http://ladyada.net/learn/arduino/ • Great Arduino tutorials  http://todbot.com/blog/category/arduino/ • Various movies, hacks, tutorials on Arduino  http://freeduino.org/ • Index of Arduino knowledge  http://adafruit.com/ • Arduino starter kits, Boarduino Arduino clone, lots of cool kits  http://sparkfun.com/ • Sells Arduino boards and lots of neat sensors & stuff

Introduction to Arduino

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