RemoteCallbackList
public class RemoteCallbackList
extends Object
java.lang.Object | |
↳ | android.os.RemoteCallbackList<E extends android.os.IInterface> |
Takes care of the grunt work of maintaining a list of remote interfaces, typically for the use of performing callbacks from a Service
to its clients. In particular, this:
- Keeps track of a set of registered
IInterface
objects, taking care to identify them through their underlying uniqueIBinder
(by callingIInterface.asBinder()
. - Attaches a
IBinder.DeathRecipient
to each registered interface, so that it can be cleaned out of the list if its process goes away. - Performs locking of the underlying list of interfaces to deal with multithreaded incoming calls, and a thread-safe way to iterate over a snapshot of the list without holding its lock.
To use this class, simply create a single instance along with your service, and call its register(E)
and unregister(E)
methods as client register and unregister with your service. To call back on to the registered clients, use beginBroadcast()
, getBroadcastItem(int)
, and finishBroadcast()
.
If a registered interface's process goes away, this class will take care of automatically removing it from the list. If you want to do additional work in this situation, you can create a subclass that implements the onCallbackDied(E)
method.
Summary
Nested classes | |
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class | RemoteCallbackList.Builder<E extends IInterface> Builder for |
Constants | |
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int | FROZEN_CALLEE_POLICY_DROP When the callback recipient's process is frozen, callbacks are suppressed as if they never happened. |
int | FROZEN_CALLEE_POLICY_ENQUEUE_ALL When the callback recipient's process is frozen, callbacks are enqueued so they're invoked after the recipient is unfrozen. |
int | FROZEN_CALLEE_POLICY_ENQUEUE_MOST_RECENT When the callback recipient's process is frozen, only the most recent callback is enqueued, which is later invoked after the recipient is unfrozen. |
int | FROZEN_CALLEE_POLICY_UNSET Callbacks are invoked immediately regardless of the frozen state of the target process. |
Public constructors | |
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RemoteCallbackList() Creates a RemoteCallbackList with |
Public methods | |
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int | beginBroadcast() Use |
void | broadcast(Consumer<E> callback) Performs |
void | finishBroadcast() Clean up the state of a broadcast previously initiated by calling |
Object | getBroadcastCookie(int index) Retrieve the cookie associated with the item returned by |
E | getBroadcastItem(int index) Retrieve an item in the active broadcast that was previously started with |
Executor | getExecutor() Returns the executor used when invoking callbacks asynchronously. |
int | getFrozenCalleePolicy() Returns the frozen callee policy. |
int | getMaxQueueSize() Returns the max queue size. |
Object | getRegisteredCallbackCookie(int index) Return any cookie associated with a currently registered interface. |
int | getRegisteredCallbackCount() Returns the number of registered interfaces. |
E | getRegisteredCallbackItem(int index) Return a currently registered interface. |
void | kill() Disable this interface list. |
void | onCallbackDied(E callbackInterface, Object cookie) Called when the process hosting an interface in the list has gone away. |
void | onCallbackDied(E callbackInterface) Old version of |
boolean | register(E callbackInterface, Object cookie) Add a new interface to the list. |
boolean | register(E callbackInterface) Simple version of |
boolean | unregister(E callbackInterface) Remove from the list an interface that was previously added with |
Inherited methods | |
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Constants
FROZEN_CALLEE_POLICY_DROP
public static final int FROZEN_CALLEE_POLICY_DROP
When the callback recipient's process is frozen, callbacks are suppressed as if they never happened. This could be useful in the case where the recipient wishes to react to callbacks only when they occur while the recipient is not frozen. For example, certain network events are only worth responding to if the response can be immediate. Another example is recipients having another way of getting the latest state once it's unfrozen. Therefore there is no need to save callbacks that happened while the recipient was frozen.
Constant Value: 3 (0x00000003)
FROZEN_CALLEE_POLICY_ENQUEUE_ALL
public static final int FROZEN_CALLEE_POLICY_ENQUEUE_ALL
When the callback recipient's process is frozen, callbacks are enqueued so they're invoked after the recipient is unfrozen. This is commonly used when the recipient wants to receive all callbacks without losing any history, e.g. the recipient maintains a running count of events that occurred. Queued callbacks are invoked in the order they were originally broadcasted.
Constant Value: 1 (0x00000001)
FROZEN_CALLEE_POLICY_ENQUEUE_MOST_RECENT
public static final int FROZEN_CALLEE_POLICY_ENQUEUE_MOST_RECENT
When the callback recipient's process is frozen, only the most recent callback is enqueued, which is later invoked after the recipient is unfrozen. This can be used when only the most recent state matters, for instance when clients are listening to screen brightness changes.
Constant Value: 2 (0x00000002)
FROZEN_CALLEE_POLICY_UNSET
public static final int FROZEN_CALLEE_POLICY_UNSET
Callbacks are invoked immediately regardless of the frozen state of the target process. Not recommended. Only exists for backward-compatibility. This represents the behavior up to SDK 35. Starting with SDK 36, clients should set a policy to govern callback invocations when recipients are frozen.
Constant Value: 0 (0x00000000)
Public constructors
RemoteCallbackList
public RemoteCallbackList ()
Creates a RemoteCallbackList with FROZEN_CALLEE_POLICY_UNSET
. This is equivalent to
new RemoteCallbackList.Build(RemoteCallbackList.FROZEN_CALLEE_POLICY_UNSET).build()
Public methods
beginBroadcast
public int beginBroadcast ()
Use broadcast(java.util.function.Consumer)
instead to ensure proper handling of frozen processes. Prepare to start making calls to the currently registered interfaces. This creates a copy of the interface list, which you can retrieve items from using getBroadcastItem(int)
. Note that only one broadcast can be active at a time, so you must be sure to always call this from the same thread (usually by scheduling with Handler
) or do your own synchronization. You must call finishBroadcast()
when done.
A typical loop delivering a broadcast looks like this:
int i = interfaces.beginBroadcast(); while (i > 0) { i--; try { interfaces.getBroadcastItem(i).somethingHappened(); } catch (RemoteException e) { // The RemoteCallbackList will take care of removing // the dead object for us. } } interfaces.finishBroadcast();
FROZEN_CALLEE_POLICY_UNSET
. For other policies use broadcast(java.util.function.Consumer)
instead. Returns | |
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int | Returns the number of interfaces in the broadcast, to be used with getBroadcastItem(int) to determine the range of indices you can supply. |
Throws | |
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UnsupportedOperationException | if an frozen callee policy is set. |
See also:
broadcast
public void broadcast (Consumer<E> callback)
Performs callback
on each registered interface. This is equivalent to #beginBroadcast, followed by iterating over the items using #getBroadcastItem and then @finishBroadcast, except that this method supports frozen callee policies.
Parameters | |
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callback | Consumer : This value cannot be null . |
finishBroadcast
public void finishBroadcast ()
Clean up the state of a broadcast previously initiated by calling beginBroadcast()
. This must always be called when you are done with a broadcast.
See also:
getBroadcastCookie
public Object getBroadcastCookie (int index)
Retrieve the cookie associated with the item returned by getBroadcastItem(int)
.
Parameters | |
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index | int |
Returns | |
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Object |
See also:
getBroadcastItem
public E getBroadcastItem (int index)
Retrieve an item in the active broadcast that was previously started with beginBroadcast()
. This can only be called after the broadcast is started, and its data is no longer valid after calling finishBroadcast()
.
Note that it is possible for the process of one of the returned interfaces to go away before you call it, so you will need to catch RemoteException
when calling on to the returned object. The interface list itself, however, will take care of unregistering these objects once it detects that it is no longer valid, so you can handle such an exception by simply ignoring it.
Parameters | |
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index | int : Which of the registered interfaces you would like to retrieve. Ranges from 0 to beginBroadcast() -1, inclusive. |
Returns | |
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E | Returns the interface that you can call. This will always be non-null. |
See also:
getExecutor
public Executor getExecutor ()
Returns the executor used when invoking callbacks asynchronously.
Returns | |
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Executor | The executor. This value may be null . |
getFrozenCalleePolicy
public int getFrozenCalleePolicy ()
Returns the frozen callee policy.
Returns | |
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int | The frozen callee policy. Value is FROZEN_CALLEE_POLICY_UNSET , FROZEN_CALLEE_POLICY_ENQUEUE_ALL , FROZEN_CALLEE_POLICY_ENQUEUE_MOST_RECENT , or FROZEN_CALLEE_POLICY_DROP |
getMaxQueueSize
public int getMaxQueueSize ()
Returns the max queue size.
Returns | |
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int | The max queue size. |
getRegisteredCallbackCookie
public Object getRegisteredCallbackCookie (int index)
Return any cookie associated with a currently registered interface. Note that this is not the same as getBroadcastCookie(int)
and should not be used interchangeably with it. This method returns the current cookie registered at the given index, not the current broadcast state. This means that it is not itself thread-safe: any call to register(E)
or unregister(E)
will change these indices, so you must do your own thread safety between these to protect from such changes.
Parameters | |
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index | int : Index of which registration cookie to return, from 0 to getRegisteredCallbackCount() - 1. |
Returns | |
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Object | Returns whatever cookie object is associated with this index, or null if kill() has been called. |
getRegisteredCallbackCount
public int getRegisteredCallbackCount ()
Returns the number of registered interfaces. Note that the number of registered interfaces may differ from the value returned by beginBroadcast()
since the former returns the number of interfaces registered at the time of the call and the second the number of interfaces to which the broadcast will be delivered.
This function is useful to decide whether to schedule a broadcast if this requires doing some work which otherwise would not be performed.
Returns | |
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int | The size. |
getRegisteredCallbackItem
public E getRegisteredCallbackItem (int index)
Return a currently registered interface. Note that this is not the same as getBroadcastItem(int)
and should not be used interchangeably with it. This method returns the registered interface at the given index, not the current broadcast state. This means that it is not itself thread-safe: any call to register(E)
or unregister(E)
will change these indices, so you must do your own thread safety between these to protect from such changes.
Parameters | |
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index | int : Index of which interface registration to return, from 0 to getRegisteredCallbackCount() - 1. |
Returns | |
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E | Returns whatever interface is associated with this index, or null if kill() has been called. |
kill
public void kill ()
Disable this interface list. All registered interfaces are unregistered, and the list is disabled so that future calls to register(E)
will fail. This should be used when a Service is stopping, to prevent clients from registering interfaces after it is stopped.
See also:
onCallbackDied
public void onCallbackDied (E callbackInterface, Object cookie)
Called when the process hosting an interface in the list has gone away. The default implementation calls onCallbackDied(E)
for backwards compatibility.
Parameters | |
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callbackInterface | E : The interface whose process has died. Note that, since its process has died, you can not make any calls on to this interface. You can, however, retrieve its IBinder and compare it with another IBinder to see if it is the same object. |
cookie | Object : The cookie object original provided to register(E, java.lang.Object) . |
See also:
onCallbackDied
public void onCallbackDied (E callbackInterface)
Old version of onCallbackDied(E, java.lang.Object)
that does not provide a cookie.
Parameters | |
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callbackInterface | E |
register
public boolean register (E callbackInterface, Object cookie)
Add a new interface to the list. This interface will remain in the list until a corresponding call to unregister(E)
or its hosting process goes away. If the interface was already registered (determined by checking to see if the callbackInterface.asBinder()
object is already in the list), then it will be replaced with the new interface. Registrations are not counted; a single call to unregister(E)
will remove an interface after any number calls to register it.
Parameters | |
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callbackInterface | E : The callback interface to be added to the list. Must not be null -- passing null here will cause a NullPointerException. Most services will want to check for null before calling this with an object given from a client, so that clients can't crash the service with bad data. |
cookie | Object : Optional additional data to be associated with this interface. |
Returns | |
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boolean | Returns true if the interface was successfully added to the list. Returns false if it was not added, either because kill() had previously been called or the interface's process has gone away. |
See also:
register
public boolean register (E callbackInterface)
Simple version of RemoteCallbackList.register(E, Object)
that does not take a cookie object.
Parameters | |
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callbackInterface | E |
Returns | |
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boolean |
unregister
public boolean unregister (E callbackInterface)
Remove from the list an interface that was previously added with register(E)
. This uses the callbackInterface.asBinder()
object to correctly find the previous registration. Registrations are not counted; a single unregister call will remove an interface after any number calls to register(E)
for it.
Parameters | |
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callbackInterface | E : The interface to be removed from the list. Passing null here will cause a NullPointerException, so you will generally want to check for null before calling. |
Returns | |
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boolean | Returns true if the interface was found and unregistered. Returns false if the given interface was not found on the list. |
See also:
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Last updated 2025-03-13 UTC.