C Programming Language Part 11

C Programming Language Part 11

• 1.
  Part 11 Rumman Ansari string
• 2.
  C Programming String 1.array of character are called strings 2. The string in C programming language is actually a one-dimensional array of characters array of characters which is terminated by a null character '0'
• 3.
  Declaration and initialization chargreeting[6] = {'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', '0'}; char greeting[] = "Hello"; Data_type string_name [ ]; char s[5];
• 4.
  Reading Strings fromuser. char c[20]; scanf("%s",c); Print Strings from user. char name[20]; printf("%s",name);
• 5.
  #include <stdio.h> int main() { char greeting[6] = {'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', '0'}; printf("Greeting message: %sn", greeting ); return 0; } Example
• 6.
  Write a Cprogram to illustrate how to read string from terminal. #include <stdio.h> int main(){ char name[20]; printf("Enter name: "); scanf("%s",name); printf("Your name is %s.",name); return 0; }
• 7.
  C program toread line of text manually. #include <stdio.h> int main(){ char name[30],ch; int i=0; printf("Enter name: "); while(ch!='n') // terminates if user hit enter { ch=getchar(); name[i]=ch; i++; } name[i]='0'; // inserting null character at end printf("Name: %s",name); return 0; }
• 8.
  #include <stdio.h> int main() { charname[30]; printf("Enter name: "); gets(name); //Function to read string from user. printf("Name: "); puts(name); //Function to display string. return 0; } There are predefined functions gets() and puts() in C language to read and display string respectively.
• 9.
  S.N. Function &Purpose 1 strcpy(s1, s2);Copies string s2 into string s1. 2 strcat(s1, s2);Concatenates string s2 onto the end of string s1. 3 strlen(s1);Returns the length of string s1. 4 strcmp(s1, s2);Returns 0 if s1 and s2 are the same; less than 0 if s1<s2; greater than 0 if s1>s2. 5 strchr(s1, ch);Returns a pointer to the first occurrence of character ch in string s1. 6 strstr(s1, s2);Returns a pointer to the first occurrence of string s2 in string s1. strlwr() Converts string to lowercase strupr() Converts string to uppercase
• 10.
  #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> intmain () { char str1[12] = "Hello"; char str2[12] = "World"; char str3[12]; int len ; /* copy str1 into str3 */ strcpy(str3, str1); printf("strcpy( str3, str1) : %sn", str3 ); /* concatenates str1 and str2 */ strcat( str1, str2); printf("strcat( str1, str2): %sn", str1 ); /* total lenghth of str1 after concatenation */ len = strlen(str1); printf("strlen(str1) : %dn", len ); return 0; }
• 11.
  C Program toFind the Frequency of Characters in a String #include <stdio.h> int main(){ char c[1000],ch; int i,count=0; printf("Enter a string: "); gets(c); printf("Enter a character to find frequency: "); scanf("%c",&ch); for(i=0;c[i]!='0';++i) { if(ch==c[i]) ++count; } printf("Frequency of %c = %d", ch, count); return 0; }
• 12.
  C Program toFind the Number of Vowels, Consonants, Digits and White space in a String #include<stdio.h> int main(){ char line[150]; int i,v,c,ch,d,s,o; o=v=c=ch=d=s=0; printf("Enter a line of string:n"); gets(line); for(i=0;line[i]!='0';++i) { if(line[i]=='a' || line[i]=='e' || line[i]=='i' || line[i]=='o' || line[i]=='u' || line[i]=='A' || line[i]=='E' || line[i]=='I' || line[i]=='O' || line[i]=='U') ++v; else if((line[i]>='a'&& line[i]<='z') || (line[i]>='A'&& line[i]<='Z')) ++c; else if(line[i]>='0'&&c<='9') ++d; else if (line[i]==' ') ++s; } printf("Vowels: %d",v); printf("nConsonants: %d",c); printf("nDigits: %d",d); printf("nWhite spaces: %d",s); return 0; }
• 13.
  C Program toRemove all Characters in a String except alphabet #include<stdio.h> int main(){ char line[150]; int i,j; printf("Enter a string: "); gets(line); for(i=0; line[i]!='0'; ++i) { while (!((line[i]>='a'&&line[i]<='z') || (line[i]>='A'&&line[i]<='Z' || line[i]=='0'))) { for(j=i;line[j]!='0';++j) { line[j]=line[j+1]; } line[j]='0'; } } printf("Output String: "); puts(line); return 0; }