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Ruby on Rails : 簡介與入門
This document provides an overview of key concepts in Ruby on Rails including: - Rails uses the MVC pattern with models, views, controllers, and follows conventions like RESTful design and resource-oriented URLs. - ActiveRecord is the ORM that connects database tables to model classes for easy data access. Migrations help manage the database schema. - Views use ERB templates to display data and helpers to DRY up common HTML patterns. Layouts wrap views in a consistent layout. - Controllers handle HTTP requests and route them to actions that retrieve data from models and pass it to views to display. Flashes store temporary session data. - Rake tasks help automate common
Ruby on Rails : 簡介與入門
- 1. Ruby on Rails Part1: ihower@gmail.com http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.5/tw/
- 2. • (a.k.a ihower) http://ihower.idv.tw/blog/
- 3. • (a.k.a ihower) http://ihower.idv.tw/blog/ • http://handlino.com
- 4. • (a.k.a ihower) http://ihower.idv.tw/blog/ • http://handlino.com
- 5. Rails? • ( MIT ) Web database-backed • MVC (Model-View-Control ) • ( ) Ruby Ajax ORM (object-relational-mapping) • 2004 David Heinemeier Hanson(DHH) 37signals
- 6. • Ruby • Don’t Repeat Yourself (DRY) • • • Convention Over Configuration • •
- 7. Ruby on Rails ? • ( ) • ( Joomla Durpal CMS •
- 8. Rails • 2005 DHH Hacker • 2006 Rails Jolt • 2005~2006 Ruby/Rails 1552% • Ruby Tiobe 26 10
- 9. Rails ? Java(Spring/Hibernate) Rails 4 20 4 ( 5 ) 3293 1164 1161 113 / 62/549 55/126 Justin Gehtland Java Rails
- 10. Rails ? • Justin Gehtland Java :Rails = 3.5 : 1 • Proc.net PHP : Rails = 10 : 1 • JavaEye JAVA : Rails = 10 : 1 • thegiive PHP : Rails = 8 : 1
- 11.
- 12. Rails ? M V C MVC Model-View-Control
- 13. DB schema Ruby class CreatePeople < ActiveRecord::Migration def self.up create_table :people do |t| t.string :name t.integer :age t.date :birthday t.text :bio t.timestamps end end def self.down drop_table :people end end
- 14. Active Record ORM class Person < ActiveRecord::Base # end person = Person.new person.name "ihower" person.age = 18 person.save person = Person.find(1) puts person.name # ihower
- 15. Action Controller HTTP request class PeopleController < ApplicationController # GET /people def index @people = Person.all end end
- 16. Action Controller HTTP request class PeopleController < ApplicationController method action # GET /people def index @people = Person.all end end
- 17. Action Controller HTTP request class PeopleController < ApplicationController method action # GET /people def index @people = Person.all end instance variable end View
- 18. Action View Ruby HTML <html> <body> <h1>Guestbook</h1> <% @people.each do |person| %> <p><%= person.name %>: <%= person.bio %></p> <% end %> </body> </html>
- 19. Why Rails? • • • (prototyping) • •
- 20. Because Rails is... • MVC • (Ajax RESTful ) • • • • Ruby ( ) • ActiveRecord ORM • Migration • (DRY)
- 21. Thank you. Get tothe Point! (http://johnwlong.com/slides/gettothepoint/) Ruby on Rails slide by thegiive in COSCUP Delivery of the key adoption Factors and key characteristics of companies using ruby on rails by Michel Barbosa
- 22. Ruby on Rails Part2: ihower@gmail.com http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.5/tw/
- 23. README • http://ihower.idv.tw/blog/archives/1743 • http://ihower.idv.tw/course/rails.html
- 24. Web framework? • • Perl CGI PHP ASP MVC Database URL Template Cookie Ajax .... • Framework Framework
- 25. MVC? • Model Controller View • Model • • View • Ruby HTML • Controller Model • (e.g. ) Request Model View (e.g. HTML)
- 26. 1. Controller 2. 3. 4. View Model DB
- 27. Rails MVC? Routing 1. 2. ActionController 4. 3. 5. ActionView ActiveRecord DB
- 28. MVC? • • (DRY: Don’t repeat yourself) •
- 29. Ruby on Rails •Ruby 1.8.6 1.8.7 • Rubygems (Ruby ) • Rails SQLite 3 MySQL Postgres Oracle DB2 MSSQL
- 30.
- 31. (Routes) http://localhost:3000/welcome/say Controller Action # /config/routes.rb map.connect ':controller/:action/:id' map.connect ':controller/:action/:id.:format'
- 32.
- 33. ORM ? • ActiveRecord Rails ORM • ORM: Object-Relational Mapping • (table) (classe) • • (row) (object) • • (column) (object attribute)
- 34.
- 35. script/* ? • script/about • script/console • script/generate • script/server • script/plugin
- 36. Rake? • Make Ruby • # lib/tasks/my_task.rake namespace :my desc "task description" task :foo_task => :environment do puts “foobarrrr” end end rake my:foo_task
- 37. Rake ? • rake -T • rake db:migrate • rake db:drop • rake tmp:clear • rake notes
- 38. DB Migration? • Ruby (Schema) • • e.g. ?? • • e.g. SQLite3 MySQL Postgres...etc • Migration
- 39. Rails • app • log • controllers • public • helpers • script • models • test • views • tmp • config • vendor • db • doc • lib
- 40. Rails environments • development, production, test mode • • Log level Session store, custom library, Email setting • environment
- 41. controller view (live demo & )
- 42. controller view (live demo & )
- 43. controller view (live demo & )
- 44. controller view (live demo & )
- 45. Helper ? • view template helper method • link_to • form_for •h (XSS ) • /app/helpers/* Helper
- 46. Layout (live demo & ) • View Layout HTML • /app/views/layouts/application.html.erb
- 47. flash hash (live demo & ) • flash hash redirect action •
- 48. DRY: Partial template (live demo & ) • View •
- 49. DRY: before_filter (live demo & ) • Controller • ID Model
- 50. Model Validation (live demo & ) • post.rb validates_presence_of :title • new.html.erb edit.html.erb <%= error_messages_for :post %> helper
- 51. Thank you. Agile WebDevelopment with Rails 3rd. RailsGuides http://guides.rubyonrails.org