Mca 2nd sem u-3 inheritance

Mca 2nd sem u-3 inheritance

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  UNIT-3 Inheritance MCA-2nd Sem
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  Inheritance  Inheritance isthe process of creating new classes from the existing class or classes.  Using inheritance, one can create general class that defines traits common to a set of related items.  This class can then be inherited (reused) by the other classes by using the properties of the existing ones with the addition of its own unique properties.
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  Forms of Inheritance 1.SingleInheritance: It is the inheritance hierarchy wherein one derived class inherits from one base class.
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  2. Multiple Inheritance: Itis the inheritance hierarchy wherein one derived class inherits from multiple base class(es)
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  3.Hierarchical Inheritance: It isthe inheritance hierarchy wherein multiple subclasses inherit from one base class.
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  4.Multilevel Inheritance: It isthe inheritance hierarchy wherein subclass acts as a base class for other classes.
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  5.Hybrid Inheritance The inheritance hierarchythat reflects any legal combination of other four types of inheritance.
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  Advantage Of Inheritance: 1.Reusability -- facility to use public methods of base class without rewriting the same. 2. Extensibility -- extending the base class logic as per business logic of the derived class. 3. Data hiding -- base class can decide to keep some data private so that it cannot be altered by the derived class.
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  Advantage Of Inheritance: 4.Overriding--With inheritance, we will be able to override the methods of the base class so that meaningful implementation of the base class method can be designed in the derived class.
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  Protected’Access Specifier  Thereare 3 access specifiers for a class/struct/Union in C++. These access specifiers define how the members of the class can be accessed.  Any member of a class is accessible within that class(Inside any member function of that same class). type of access specifiers, they are:
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  Protected’Access Specifier  Public- The members declared as Public are accessible from outside the Class through an object of the class.  Protected - The members declared as Protected are accessible from outside the class BUT only in a class derived from it.  Private - These members are only accessible from within the class. No outside Access is allowed. 
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  Public Inheritance: 1. AllPublic members of the Base Class become Public Members of the derived class. 2. All Protected members of the Base Class become Protected Members of the Derived Class.
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  Public Inheritance: Class Base{ public: inta; protected: int b; private: int c;}; class Derived:public Base { void doSomething()
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  Public Inheritance: { a= 10; b = 20; c = 30;}}; int main() { Derived obj; obj.a = 10; obj.b = 20; obj.c = 30; }
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  Function Overriding.  Ifwe inherit a class into the derived class and provide a definition for one of the base class's function again inside the derived class, then that function is said to be overridden, and this mechanism is called Function Overriding
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  Requirements for Overriding 1.Inheritanceshould be there. Function overriding cannot be done within a class. For this we require a derived class and a base class. 2. Function that is redefined must have exactly the same declaration in both base and derived class, that means same name, same return type and same parameter list.
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  Example of FunctionOverriding class Base { public: void shaow() { cout << "Base class"; }}; class Derived:
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  Example of FunctionOverriding public Base { public: void show() { cout << "Derived Class"; }}
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  REFRENCES • Learn Programmingin C++ By Anshuman Sharma, Anurag Gupta, Dr.Hardeep Singh, Vikram Sharma