Introduction to Arduino

Introduction To Arduino Masudur Rahman Sourav, ID : IT-19025, Session :2018-19, MBSTU 1

Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software. 3

What is ● Open hardware ? ● Open software ? ● Arduino ? 4

Open Hardware "Open hardware" or "open source hardware," refers to the design specifications of a physical object which are licensed in such a way that said object can be studied, modified, created, and distributed by anyone. "Open hardware" is a set of design principles and legal practices, not a specific type of object. 5

Open Software Open-source software is computer software that is released under a license in which the copyright holder grants users the rights to use, study, change, and distribute the software and its source code to anyone and for any purpose. Open-source software may be developed in a collaborative public manner. 6

8 “Strong Friend” Created in Ivrea, Italy in 2005 by Massimo Banzi & David Cuartielles Processor Coding is accessible & transferrable (C++, java)

Arduino boards are able to read inputs - light on a sensor, a finger on a button, or a Twitter message - and turn it into an output - activating a motor, turning on an LED, publishing something online and much more …….. 9

Getting Started with Arduino : 12

Arduino Mega The Arduino Mega 2560 is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega2560. It has 54 digital input/output pins (of which 15 can be used as PWM outputs). FLASH MEMORY : 256 KB of which 8 KB used by bootloader SRAM : 8 KB CLOCK SPEED : 16 MHz 13

Arduino Mega 15 Fig : Functional Pins of Arduino Mega

Installation For giving instructions to our board we have to code for Arduino and have to upload the code to our board . For writing and uploading the code we have to download a software (Arduino IDE) and have to install in our Desktop/Laptop . The software download link : https://www.arduino.cc/en/software 16

Data Types Integer : used with integer variables with value between 2147483647 and - 2147483647. Ex: int x=1200; Character: used with single character, represent value from - 127 to 128. Ex: char c=‘r’; Long: Long variables are extended size variables for number storage, and store 32 bits (4 bytes), from -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647. Ex. long u=199203; Floating-point: Numbers can be as large as 3.4028235E+38 and as low as - 3.4028235E+38. They are stored as 32 bits (4 bytes) of information. Ex. float num=1.291; 18

Statement and Operators Statement represents a command, it ends with ; Ex: int x; x=13; Operators are symbols that used to indicate a specific function: - Math operators: [+,-,*,/,%,^] - Logic operators: [==, !=, &&, ||] - Comparison operators: [==, >, <, !=, <=, >=] Syntax: ; Semicolon, {} curly braces, //single line comment, /*Multi-line comments*/ 19

Statement and Operators Compound Operators: ++ (increment) -- (decrement) += (compound addition) -= (compound subtraction) *= (compound multiplication) /= (compound division) 20

Control statements If Conditioning: if(condition) { Statements-1; … Statement-N; } else if(condition2) { Statements; } else{ Statements; } 21

Control statements Switch case: switch (var) { case 1: //do something when var equals 1 break; case 2: //do something when var equals 2 break; default: // if nothing else matches, do the default // default is optional } 22

Loop statements Do… while: do { Statements; } while(condition); // the statements are run at least once. While: while(condition) { Statements; } For: for (int i=0; i <= val; i++){ statements; } 23

Loop statements Do… while: do { Statements; } while(condition); // the statements are run at least once. While: while(condition) { Statements; } For: for (int i=0; i <= val; i++){ statements; } 24

Code structure Void setup(){} //Used to indicate the initial values of system on starting. Void loop(){} //Contains the statements that will run whenever the system is powered after setup. 25

Introduction to Arduino

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