FUNCTIONS IN PYTHON. CBSE +2 COMPUTER SCIENCE

CHAPTER 3 SELF LEARNING PRESENTATION. I T Club of Vidyadhiraja Vidyapeetom Central School mavelikara PAGE NO 91 (85 in old text)

In programming Language, A function is a block of statements to perform an action. In dictionary, FUNCTION means DEED ( പ്രവർത്തനം ) FUNCTION = പ്രവൃത്തി കൃത്യം ആചരണം ചുമത്ല ആഘ ോഷം തത്ോഴില്‍ ധര്‍മ്മം രരിരോടി

Indian constitution National Pledge India is my country and all Indians are my brothers and sisters. I love my country and I am proud of its rich and varied heritage. I shall always strive to be worthy of it. I shall give respect to my parents, teachers and all elders and treat everyone with courtesy. To my country and my people, I pledge my devotion. In their well-being and prosperity alone lies my happiness. Fundamental Duties : It shall be the duty of every citizen of India- (a) to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem; Fundamental Rights : are defined as the basic human rights of all citizens. These rights, defined in Part III of the Constitution, applied irrespective of race, place of birth, religion, caste, creed, or gender. They are enforceable by the courts, subject to specific restrictions. The Directive Principles of State Policy are guidelines for the framing of laws by the government. )  It is difficult to write much more statements as a single program or unit.  And also difficult to find the content. Big matter on a tiny page. Horrible ! What are my Duties ?

National Pledge : India is my country and all Indians are my brothers and sisters. I love my country and I am proud of its rich and varied heritage. I shall always strive to be worthy of it. I shall give respect to my parents, teachers and all elders and treat everyone with courtesy. To my country and my people, I pledge my devotion. In their well-being and prosperity alone lies my happiness. Fundamental Duties : It shall be the duty of every citizen of India- (a) to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem; (b) to cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national strugg ….. Fundamental Rights : are defined as the basic human rights of all citizens. These rights, defined in Part III of the Constitution, applied irrespective of race, place of birth, religion, caste, creed, or gender. They are enforceable by the courts, subject to specific restrictions. The Directive Principles of State Policy are guidelines for the framing of laws by the government. Easy to read.

REMEMBER 3 THINGS. TITLE OF PARAGRAPH FULL COLON HANGING ( INDENT ) LINES How I wrote a Paragraph ?. National Pledge : India is my country and all Indians are my brothers and sisters. I love my country and I am proud of its rich and varied heritage. I shall always strive to be worthy of it. I shall give respect to my parents, teachers and all elders and treat everyone with courtesy. To my country and my people, I pledge my devotion. In their happiness and prosperity alone lies my happiness. INDENT = മോര്‍മ്ജിനില്‍ നിന്ന അക ലം വിട്ന ടടപ്ന തച ുക ----- 1 2 3

def greatest ( List ) : max = List[0] for val in List[1:] : if val > max : max = val return max eval(input("Ent greatest(a)

For x = , the result is 2 * 12 = 2 For x = , the result is 2 * 22 = 8 For x = , the result is 2 * 32 = 18 𝑓 𝑥 = 2x2  Click here to watch  Click here to watch  Click here to watch  Passing the value 1 to x and Returns 2 * 1 ** 1 = 2  Passing the value 2 to x and Returns 2 * 2 ** 2 = 8  Passing the value 3 to x and Returns 2 * 3 ** 3 = 18  𝑭𝒖𝒏𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔 𝒄𝒂𝒏 𝒖𝒔𝒆 𝒎𝒂𝒏𝒚 𝒕𝒊𝒎𝒆𝒔 𝒘𝒊𝒕𝒉 𝒅𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒗𝒂𝒍𝒖𝒆𝒔 FUNCTION TAKES DATA PRODUCE OUTPUT

Different type of functions. 1) Built in Functions. 2) Modules. 3) User - defined functions.

Built in Functions. The predefined functions are called built-in functions. It can be execute by a simplefunction call statement.  min() Return smallest.  max() Return largest.  pow() Returns xy.  len() Returns length.  int() Returns integer.

Python 3.7.4 (tags/v3.7.4:e09359112e, Jul 8 2019, 19:29:22) [MSC v.1916 32 bit (Intel)] on win32 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information. >>> min(10,-20) -20 >>> max(-25,80) 80 >>> pow(2,3) 8 >>> len("ANIL") 4 >>> int(3.14) 3

Modular Functions. A module is a file that contains functions, classes, variables, and constants. To use the functions of a module, you need to import the module using the import statement. The math module is an example. It contains the most popular mathematical functions.

>>> import math >>> math.pi 3.141592653589793 >>> math.sqrt(25) 5.0 >>> math.floor(3.14) 3 >>> math.ceil(3.14) 4 >>> import random >>> random.randomint(10,20) 17 After importing the modules, use the function. math.floor() - Drop down to the nearest integer. math.ceil() - Grow up to the nearest integer.

statement 1 statement 2 … … … … … Keyword “def” is used to define a function. The very first line is called Function header. It begins with the keyword “def” and end with a colon (“:”). The body consisting of 1 or more statements is called Function Body or function suit. Put some space (Indentation) before statements. --------

def function Name ( ) : Statement 1 Statement 2 … … … … … Function Body or function suit. -------- A pair of Brackets “()” It begins with the keyword “def” Function Name. End with a colon (“:”) Space before statements (Indentation) 2 4( )

def pie ( ) : return 22 / 7 def root2 ( ) : return 1.4142 def pledge ( ) : print ( “India is my country…”) Click Me  Click Me  Pie ( ) will return result of 22 / 7 = 3.14. Pledge ( ) will print few lines of National Pledge.

Function call is a request to perform the action defined by the function. I want to read “Cat on Mat” Get page no and go to that page. Here we request to do the action defined by the function name.

def 𝑃𝑖𝑒 ( ) : return 22/7 𝑝 = Pie( ) print (“Value of Pie is “, p) Goto the function definition and return back with the result. Function call statement

>>> def pie ( ) : return 22 / 7 >>> def root2 ( ) : return 1.4142 >>> def pledge ( ) : print ( "India is my country…") >>> pledge() >>> India is my country… >>> b = root2() >>> print ( b ) >>> 1.4142 >>> a = pie() >>> print ( a ) >>> 3.142857142857143 Function Call FunctionCall Function Call CallingDefinitions Function

def A ( ) : print( “Up above the world so high,” ) def B ( ): print (“TWINKLE, twinkle, little star,”) def C ( ) : print ( ”Like a diamond in the sky.” ) def D ( ) : print ( ”How I wonder what you are! “ ) Click Me  INVOKE THE FUNCTIONS IN THE FOLLOWING ORDER B() D() A() C() 

>>> def A ( ) : print("Up above the world so high,") C() >>> def B ( ): print ("TWINKLE, twinkle, little star,") D() >>> def C ( ) : print ( "Like a diamond in the sky." ) >>> def D ( ) : print ( "How I wonder what you are! " ) A() >>> B() OUTPUT >>> TWINKLE, twinkle, little star, How I wonder what you are! Up above the world so high, Like a diamond in the sky. >>> # Calling the Function C() # Calling the Function D() # Calling the Function A()

Arguments act as an input to the function, to carries out the specified task. 1. Accepts Data 2. Carried out desired process. 3. Produce Output

ARGUMENTS OR PARAMETERS Arguments act as an input to the function, to carry out the specified task. Function Definition Returns output

For x = , the result is 2 * 12 = 2 For x = , the result is 2 * 22 = 8 For x = , the result is 2 * 32 = 18 𝑓 𝑥 = 2x2 𝑭𝒖𝒏𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔 𝒄𝒂𝒏 𝒖𝒔𝒆 𝒎𝒂𝒏𝒚 𝒕𝒊𝒎𝒆𝒔 𝒘𝒊𝒕𝒉 𝒅𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒗𝒂𝒍𝒖𝒆𝒔  Click here to watch  Click here to watch  Click here to watch  Passing the value 1 to x and Returns 2 * 1 ** 1 = 2  Passing the value 2 to x and Returns 2 * 2 ** 2 = 8  Passing the value 3 to x and Returns 2 * 3 ** 3 = 18  X’ ‘ receives a value, and f() returns 2 * x2

def 𝑓 𝑥 : return 2 * 𝑥 * 𝑥 𝑥 = int ( input ( “Enter No ” ) ) a = 𝑓 𝑥 print (“Answer is ”, a ) 5 𝑥 becomes 5 And return 2 * 𝑥2 = 50 What is the answer if x = 5 ?

def 𝑓(𝑥) : return 2 * 𝑥 * 𝑥 𝑥 = int ( input ( “Enter No ” ) ) a = 𝑓(𝑥) print (“Answer is ”, a ) OUTPUT >>> Answer is 50 >>> # Calling the Function F(5) by passing the value 5. # Input the Value 5.

def add ( a , b , c , d ) : print ( “Sum is “, a+b+c+d ) add ( 10 , 20, 30, 40 ) a=10 b=20 c=30 d=40 Arguments act as an input to the function, to carry out the specified task. Difference between Arguments and Parameters Arguments are the actual values passed to the function when it is called Parameter are variables, which receives the values of passing arguments.

ARGUMENTS OR PARAMETERS def area ( r ) : return 3.14 * r ** r a = area ( 10 ) print ( “Area of the circle is”, a) Arguments are the actual values passed to the function when it is called Parameter are variables, receiving passing values within the function definition.

return a+b+c X = 20 add (10, X, (3*10) ) Literal Variable Expression Literal 10, value of variable x and the end result of expression (3*10) i.e. 30 will be passed as arguments.

functions which will not return values are called void functions. def add ( a, b , c , d ) : print ( “Sum is ”, a + b + c + d ) s = add(10, 20, 30, 40) Missing Return statement here Example of Void Functions. No Return

def add ( a, b , c , d ) : print ( “Sum is ”, a + b + c + d ) s = add(10, 20, 30, 40) avg = s/4 Print the sum 100. No return or return None. Causing the error TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for /: 'NoneType' and 'int' DON’ T Do  

Give me some numbers. I'll return their sum. The return statement stops the execution of a function and returns to the caller function.

Return statement is used to stop the execution of a function and come back to called statement. Return statement returns the result if we needed. By default return statement returns a None value. In Python multiple values can be returned.

RETURN ONE VALUE def add ( a , b , c , d ) : return a+b+c+d s = add(10,20,30,40) avg = s/4 print (“Sum =”, s, “Avg = ”, avg) Return statement, stop function execution and come back. It also returns the result if we needed. By default it will return a None value. Return 100

def add ( a , b ) : return a + b s = add(10,20 ) s = add ( 1.5, 2.5 ) s = add(“anil”, “kumar” ) s = add( [10,20], [5,15] ) ALL IN ONE Python is a dynamically- typed language. It doesn't know about the type of the variable until the code runs. ALL IN ONE 10 + 20 = 30 1.5 + 2.5 = 4.0 anil + kumar = anilkumar [10,20,5,15]

RETURN MULTIPLE VALUES def Sum_Avg ( a , b , c , d ) : t=a+b+c+d return t, t/4 sum, avg = Sum_Avg (10, 20, 30, 40) print (“Sum = “, sum , ” Avg = “, avg) Passing 10,20,30,40 t=100 100 25

Python 3.7.4 (tags/v3.7.4:e09359112e, Jul 8 2019, 19:29:22) [MSC v.1916 32 bit (Intel)] on win32 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information. >>> x , y , z = 10 , 20 , 30 >>> name, roll, Class = “Anil”, 15, “XII” >>> a = b = c = 0 >>> print (x, y, z ) >>> 10 20 30 >>> print (name, roll, Class) >>> Anil 15, XII >>> print(a,b,c) >>> 0 0 0

There are 3 (4) types of arguments. and Varying arguments. 1 2 3

These are mandatory arguments and take orderly. Provides default value to an argument. It will be used when we omit value during function call. Keyword arguments are same as default arguments but it allows you to give name-value pairs instead of just the value. 1 2 3

POSITIONAL ARGUMENTS def add ( a , b , c , d ) : return a + b + c + d S = add ( 10 , 20 , 30 , 40 ) Positional arguments are mandatory and take values orderly. That is why we called it Required arguments. Both the Arguments and Parameters should be matched. Values 10, 20, 30, 40 will assigned in a,b,c and d respectively.

POSITIONAL ARGUMENTS def add ( a , b , c , d ) : return a + b + c + d add ( 10 , 20 , 30 , 40 ) add (10 , 20 ) Positional arguments are mandatory and take values orderly. That is why we called it as Required arguments. Both the Arguments and Parameters should be matched. TypeError: add() missing 2 required Positional arguments: 'c' and 'd‘ DON’ T Do Missingc & d 

POSITIONAL ARGUMENTS def add ( a , b , c , d ) : return a + b + c + d add ( 10 , 20 , 30 , 40 ) add (10 , 20, 30, 40, 50 ) Positional arguments are mandatory and take values orderly. That is why we called it as Required arguments. Both the Arguments and Parameters should be matched. DON’ T Do TypeError: add() takes 4 positional arguments but 5 were given….. 

Example Program. Interest= Principal Amount * Rate * Years. prin = 1000, Rate = 0.1 Years = 3 Parameter Values prin = 1000, Rate = 0.1 Years = 3

def interest (prin, rate, years) : return prin*rate*years p = int(input("Enter Principal amoumt ")) r = float(input("Enter rate of interest ")) y = int(input("Enter No of years ")) i = interest(p,r,y) print("Interest = ", i) Output Enter Principal amoumt 1000 Enter rate of interest 0.1 Enter No of years 3 Interest = 300.0

What a dilemma ! How I satisfies both of them I want sum of 3 Nos(10,20 and 30) I want sum of 2 Nos(10 and 20)

default (Optional ) arguments. What a dilemma ! How I satisfies both of them My statement is correct. ‘a’ becomes 10 and ‘b’ becomes 20. I allows 2 entry only.

When we omit some arguments, it uses the default values. 𝐜 = 𝟎

def add (a, b, c=0) : return a + b + c v1 = int(input("Enter 1st No ")) v2 = int(input("Enter 2nd No ")) v3 = int(input("Enter 3rd No ")) s1 = add(v1, v2) s2 = add(v1, v2, v3) print("Sum of 2 Nos = ", s1) print("Sum of 3 Nos = ", s2) Output Enter 1st No 10 Enter 2nd No 20 Enter 3rd No 30 Sum of 2 Nos = 30 Sum of 3 Nos = 60 Since we omit 3rd argument, c becomes 0

def add(a=0, b=0, c=0, d=0, e=0) : return a+b+c+d+e No arguments given. a,b,c,d,e becomes 0 Answer is 0 One value given, that will be assigned in ‘a’. Remaining b,c,d,e becomes 0 Answer is 1 Two values given, which will be assigned in ‘a’ and b. Remaining c,d,e becomes 0 Answer is 3 Three values given, which are assigned in a,b and c. Remaining d,e becomes 0. Answer is 6 Four values given, which are assigned in a,b and c. Remaining d,e becomes 0. Answer is 10 All arguments are given. Which are assigned in a,b,c,d,e respectively. Answer is 15

What do you think ?. Is it correct in all situations. If the function is called without argument, that argument gets its default value. When you call 3rd parameter ‘c’ gets 0. When you call (no missing arguments) Parameters a,b and c catch our values 5,6,7. (a=5, b=6, c=7)

def greet (𝐧𝐚𝐦𝐞, 𝐚𝐠𝐞 ) : print(“Hai ”, name, “, you are”, age, “years old”) greet (‘Aswin’, 18) What happened when I call Click Me  Parameter Values. name = 16, roll = ‘Aswin’ Output : Hai 16, you are ‘Aswin’ years old.

Aswin, Roll no 16, stand up. I am Aswin, Roll no 16. Giving arguments in the form of key-value pairs are called keyword arguments.

def greet (name, roll ): print (“Hai“,name,“Your Roll No is”, roll) greet (roll = 16, name = “Aswin”)

x = 10 y = 20 The repeating variable (y=100) will hides the previous (y=20). Variable Values x = 10 y = 20 p = 15 q = 25 Variable Values a = 5 b = 8 x = 10 y = 100

Built-In : It is top level scope. Objects in this scope are visible from everywhere. Global : entire program can access it, unless duplicated. Enclosing scope : It is the scope of nested functions. Local Scope : It is the scope exists inside a function. Internal elements should not be accessed from the outside. B G E Nothing goes out like a black Hole.

Built-InScope: GlobalScope: Enclosing Local scope A = 10 B = 20 C = 30 D = 40 Click Me Only the Objects defined in the Built - in scope are available. A = 10 Click Me Click Me  Click Me Only the Objects defined in Built-in and global scope are available. A = 10 and B = 20 All objects defined in the 'BGE' scope can be accessed from Enclosing Scope. A=10, B=20 and C=30 All objects defined in the ‘LEGB' scope can be accessed from Local Scope. A=10, B=20, C=30 and D = 40

Variables, declared outside of functions are called Global and local scope Variables that declare within a function are called

Local Variables Global Variables It is declared inside a function. It is declared outside the function. If it is not initialized, a garbage value is stored If it is not initialized zero is stored as default. It is created when the function starts execution and lost when the functions terminate. It is created before the program's global execution starts and lost when the program terminates. Data sharing is not possible as data of the local variable can be accessed by only one function. Data sharing is possible as multiple functions can access the same global variable. When the value of the local variable is modified in one function, the changes are not visible in another function. When the value of the global variable is modified in one function changes are visible in the rest of the program. Local variables can be accessed inside a function in which they are declared. You can access global variables by any statement in the program. Global vs local Variables.

variables a, b are local and limited its access within this function. variables x, y are global and its access is everywhare. What is Wrong ?

Memory Creating global variable ‘a’ at Memory Id 1418093744 1Run Me 2Run Me 4Run Me 1 3Run Me Creating a localized variable ‘a’ in fun1() and hide global variable a = 1. Defferent ID 10 Start from below Output: In main a = 1 Output: In main a = 1 Output: In fun2 a = 1 Output: In fun1 a = 10

OUTPUT In main a = 1 In fun1 a = 10 In fun2 a = 1 In main a = 1

The 'global' keyword is used to create a global variable in a local context and allows changes to the variable.

def ABC() : print(“In ABC a = “, a) a = 10 print (“In Main a = “, a) ABC() a = 10 def ABC(): a = a + 5 print(“In ABC a = “, a) print (“In Main a = “, a) ABC() Global variable a=10 Global variable a=10  

def ABC() : a = 10 a = a + 5 print("In ABC a = ", a) a = 10 print ("In Main a = ", a) ABC() print ("In Main a = ", a) def ABC() : global a a = a + 5 print("In ABC a = ", a) a = 10 print ("In Main a = ", a) ABC() print ("In Main a = ", a)OUTPUT: In Main a = 10 In ABC a = 15 In Main a = 10 OUTPUT: In Main a = 10 In ABC a = 15 In Main a = 15 The above local variable a = 15 is not accessed here Creating a local variable ‘a=10’ in ABC() and hide global variable a = 10.

Docstring def area ( r ) : return 3.14 * r * r 𝑟 = int ( input (“Enter radius ” )) a = 𝐚𝐫𝐞𝐚 𝑟 print (“Area of circle is ”, a )

docstring def area ( r ) : return a+b >>> help(area) Help on function area in module __main__: area(r) Calculate area when giving radius.

>>> def area ( r ) : ''' Calculate area when giving radius.''' return a+b >>> help (area) Help on function area in module __main__: area(r) Calculate area when giving radius. >>>

Val = 73Val = 45 EXERCISES 1. Write function to convert Fahrenheit temperature into Celsius using formula C = (F-32)/1.8. 2. Covert length in feet and inches to centimeters. 1 inch = 2.5 cm & 1 feet = 12 inches. 3. Calculate the sum of elements in a list. 4. Find out the greatest value in a list. 5. Calculate factorial of given no using for loop. def Celsius ( f ): c = (f-32)/1.8 return c a = input("Enter Fahrenheit ") a = int(a) c = Celsius(a) print ("Celsius Temperature = ", c) Inputing digits as string Covert into integer int () convert a Number or string into an integer. Syntax is int ( “123” ) = 123 int (“1010”, 2) = 10 Int ( “11”,16 ) = 17 int ( “12”, 8 ) = 10 Int ( 3.14 ) = 3 “ANIL “ + “KUMAR” = “ANIL KUMAR” String : “10” + “20” = “1020” Integer Operation : 10 + 20 = 30

Val = 73Val = 45 def Cal_cm ( F , I ): f = int ( input("Enter Feet ") ) i = int ( input("Enter Inch ")) print("Total CM = ", ) OUTPUT : Enter Feet 5 Enter Inch 4 Total CM = 160 How many centimeters in 5 feet 4 inches. 1 Feet = 12 inches 5 feet = 5 *12 inches = 60 inches Total inches = ( 5 * 12 ) + 4 60 + 4 = 64 1 inch = 2.5 cm 64 inches = 64 * 2.5 = 160 Cm EXERCISES 2. Covert length in feet and inches to centimeters. 1 inch = 2.5 cm & 1 feet = 12 inches. F = 5 and I = 4

Val = 73Val = 45 def sum(List) : sum = 0 for val in List: sum += val return sum a = (input("Enter a List ")) print("The Sum of List is ", sum ( a ) ) OUTPUT : Enter a List of Nos [5,10,15,20,25] The Sum of List is 75 “for” loop fetch each item in the list. List = [ 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 ] Step 1: val = 5 sum = 5 Step 2: val = 10 sum = 15 Step 3: val = 15 sum = 30 Step 4: val = 20 sum = 50 Step 5: val = 25 sum = 75 EXERCISES 3. Calculate the sum of elements in a list. Index 0 1 2 3 4 eval() evaluates the string as a Python expression. Input String [5,10,15,20,25], evaluated as a list

Val = 73Val = 45 max = List[0] for val in : if val > max : max = val return max print ("The Greatest Value is ", m) slice is an act to getting some elements from a collection of elements. Syntax is list [start : stop : steps] Default value of start is 0,stop is last index of list and step is 1 List[1: : ] = [-38, 56, -92, 73,45 ] List [0:3] = [65, -38, 56] List [1:4] = [-38, 56, -92] List[::] = [65, -38, 56, -92, 73, 45] List [::2] = [65, 56, 73] List [1: ] = [ -38,56,-92, 73,45 ] EXERCISES 4. Find out the greatest value in a list. List = [65, -38, 56, -92, 73,45 ] List = [65, -38, 56, -92, 73, 45 ] Index 0 1 2 3 4 5 Assume Passing[65,-38,56,-92,73,45]

Val = 73Val = 45 def greatest ( List ) : max = List[0] for val in List[1:] : if val > max : max = val return max a = eval(input("Enter a list of Nos ")) m = greatest(a) print ("The Greatest Value is ", m) slice is an act to getting some elements from a collection of elements. Syntax is list [start : stop : steps] Default value of start is 0,stop is last index of list and step is 1. List[1: ] = [-38, 56,-92, 73, 45] EXERCISES 4. Find out the greatest value in a list. Step 1: val = -38 max = 65 Step 2: val = 56 max = 65 Step 3: val = -92 sum = 60 Step 4: val = 73 sum = 73 Step 5: val = 45 sum = 73 List = [65, -38, 56, -92, 73,45 ] Index 0 1 2 3 4 5 Passing[65,-38,56,-92,73,45] “for” loop fetch each item in the List [1:]=[-38,56,-92,73, 45

Val = 73Val = 45 def greatest ( List ) : max = List[0] for val in List[1:] : if val > max : max = val return max a = eval(input("Enter a list of Nos ")) m = greatest(a) print ("The Greatest Value is ", m) slice is an act to getting some elements from a collection of elements. Syntax is list [start : stop : steps] Default value of start is 0,stop is last index of list and step is 1. List[1: : ] = [-38, 56, -92, 73,45 ] EXERCISES 4. Find out the greatest value in a list. Step 1: val = -38 max = 65 Step 2: val = 56 max = 65 Step 3: val = -92 sum = 60 Step 4: val = 73 sum = 73 Step 5: val = 45 sum = 73 List = [65, -38, 56, -92, 73,45 ] Index 0 1 2 3 4 5 OUTPUT : Enter a List of Nos [65, -38, 56, -92, 73,45] The Greatest Value is 73 [65,-38,56,-92,73,45]

Val = 73Val = 45 def fact(n) : f = 1 for x in range(1,n+1): f *= x return f a = int(input("Enter a No ")) f = fact(a) print("The Factorial of ", a, " is ", f) EXERCISES 5. Calculate factorial of given no using for loop. range() function create a sequence of values from start to stop-1. Range(start, stop, step) Start and Step are optional range (1, 5 ) = 1, 2, 3, 4 range (5, 10 ) = 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 range ( 1, 10, 2 ) = 1,3,5,7,9 range ( 0, 20, 5 ) = 0, 5, 10, 15 range (5, 0, -1) = 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 range ( 5 ) = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 Factorial of n (n!) is the product of all numbers <= n. 5! = 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 = 120. Assume that input a = 5 n = 5 Passing5

Val = 73Val = 45 def fact(n) : f = 1 for x in range(2,n+1): f *= x return f a = int(input("Enter a No ")) f = fact(a) print("The Factorial of ", a, " is ", f) EXERCISES 5. Calculate factorial of given no using for loop. Factorial of n (n!) is the product of all numbers <= n. 5! = 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 = 120. Assuming n = 5 range (1, 6 ) = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 At end of Step 1 : x = 2 f = 2 Step 2 : x = 3 f = 6 Step 3 : x = 4 f = 24 Step 4 : x = 5 f = 120 OUTPUT Enter a No 5 The Factorial of 5 is 120 Muitiply value of x with existing value of f Assume that input a = 5n = 5 Passing5

This presentation could not satisfy me. So I urge everyone to inform me of its shortcomings. NAMASTHE

FUNCTIONS IN PYTHON. CBSE +2 COMPUTER SCIENCE

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FUNCTIONS IN PYTHON. CBSE +2 COMPUTER SCIENCE