Basic of HTML, CSS(StyleSheet), JavaScript(js), Bootstrap, JSON & AngularJS

HTML Introduction • HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language. • HTML describes the structure of Web pages using markup. • HTML elements are represented by tags. • Browsers do not display the HTML tags, but use them to render the content of the page.

HTML Editors • Web pages can be created and modified by using professional HTML editors. • We believe using a simple text editor is a good way to learn HTML. • There are Many HTML Editors . like Notepad , Notepad++.

Save and Run HTML Page • Windows 8 or later: Open the Start Screen (the window symbol at the bottom left on your screen). Type Notepad. • Windows 7 or earlier: Open Start > Programs > Accessories > Notepad • Save the file on your computer. Select File > Save as in the Notepad menu. • Name the file "index.htm“ or index.html • Double click on the file and Run.

HTML Structure <html> <head> </head> <body> Hello World </body> </html>

HTML Elements • An HTML element usually consists of a start tag and end tag, with the content inserted in between: <tagname>Content</tagname> • The HTML element is everything from the start tag to the end tag: <p>My first paragraph.</p> <b>Hello World</b>

HTML Elements <html> <body> <h1>My First Heading</h1> <p>My first paragraph.</p> </body> </html>

HTML Headings • Headings are defined with the <h1> to <h6> tags. <h1>This is heading 1</h1> <h2>This is heading 2</h2> <h3>This is heading 3</h3> <h4>This is heading 4</h4> <h5>This is heading 5</h5> <h6>This is heading 6</h6>

HTML Paragraphs • The HTML <p> element defines a paragraph: • Example : <p>paragraph-1</p> <p>paragraph-2</p> <p>paragraph-3</p> <p>paragraph-4</p>

HTML Links • The href attribute specifies the destination address (https://www.google.com/) of the link. • Clicking on the link text will send you to the specified address. <a href=“http://www.google.com">Google</a>

HTML Links Local Links A local link (link to the same web site) is specified with a relative URL (without http://www....) <a href=“home.html">Home Page</a>

HTML Images • In HTML, images are defined with the <img> tag. • The <img> tag is empty, it contains attributes only, and does not have a closing tag. • The src attribute specifies the URL (web address) of the image: <img src="url" alt="some_text">

HTML Images • The alt attribute provides an alternate text for an image, if the user for some reason cannot view it (because of slow connection, an error in the src attribute, or if the user uses a screen reader). • If a browser cannot find an image, it will display the value of the alt attribute.

HTML Tables • An HTML table is defined with the <table> tag. • Each table row is defined with the <tr> tag. A table header is defined with the <th> tag. By default, table headings are bold and centered. A table data/cell is defined with the <td> tag.

HTML Tables First Name Last Name Age First Name 1 Last Name 1 50 First Name 2 Last Name 2 94 First Name 3 Last Name 3 80

HTML Table Border • HTML Table - Adding a Border • If you do not specify a border for the table, it will be displayed without borders. • A border is set using the CSS border property: <table border=“1”> </table>

HTML Lists Unordered HTML List • An unordered list starts with the <ul> tag. Each list item starts with the <li> tag. • The list items will be marked with bullets (small black circles) by default:

Unordered List Value Description disc Sets the list item marker to a bullet (default) circle Sets the list item marker to a circle square Sets the list item marker to a square none The list items will not be marked

HTML Lists Ordered HTML List • An ordered list starts with the <ol> tag. Each list item starts with the <li> tag. • The list items will be marked with numbers by default:

Ordered Lists Type Description type="1" The list items will be numbered with numbers (default) type="A" The list items will be numbered with uppercase letters type="a" The list items will be numbered with lowercase letters type="I" The list items will be numbered with uppercase roman numbers type="i" The list items will be numbered with lowercase roman numbers

HTML File Paths • A file path describes the location of a file in a web site's folder structure. • File paths are used when linking to external files like: – Web pages – Images – Style sheets – JavaScript

The HTML <head> Element • The <head> element is a container for metadata (data about data) and is placed between the <html> tag and the <body> tag. • HTML metadata is data about the HTML document. Metadata is not displayed. • Metadata typically define the document title, character set, styles, links, scripts, and other meta information.

The HTML <title> Element The <title> element: • Defines a title in the browser tab. • Provides a title for the page when it is added to Bookmark. • Displays a title for the page in search engine results.

The HTML <meta> Element • <meta charset="UTF-8"> • <meta name="description" content=“Web Design Services in Ahmedabad"> • <meta name="keywords" content="HTML, CSS, XML, JavaScript"> • <meta name="author" content=“name">

HTML Form Elements  <input> • The <input> element is the most important form element. • The <input> element can be displayed in several ways, depending on the type attribute

HTML Form Elements Type Description <input type="text"> Defines a one-line text input field <input type="radio"> Defines a radio button (for selecting one of many choices) <input type=“checkbox”> For Selecting Many Choices <input type=“file”> Browse File From Device. <input type="submit"> Defines a submit button (for submitting the form)

HTML Form Elements  <select> • The <select> element defines a drop-down list: – The <option> elements defines an option that can be selected. – By default, the first item in the drop-down list is selected.

HTML Form Elements  <textarea> • The <textarea> element defines a multi-line input field (a text area): – The rows attribute specifies the visible number of lines in a text area. – The cols attribute specifies the visible width of a text area.

HTML Input Attributes  value Attribute • The value attribute specifies the initial value for an input field: Syntax: <input type="text" name="firstname" value=“demo">

HTML Input Attributes  readonly Attribute • The readonly attribute specifies that the input field is read only (cannot be changed): Syntax: <input type="text" name="firstname" value=“hello" readonly>

HTML Input Attributes  disabled Attribute • The disabled attribute specifies that the input field is disabled. Syntax: <input type="text" name="firstname" value=“hello" disabled>

HTML Input Attributes  maxlength Attribute • The maxlength attribute specifies the maximum allowed length for the input field. Syntax: <input type="text" name="firstname“ maxlength="10">

HTML Input Attributes  Height and Width Attribute <input type="image" src="img_submit.gif" width="48" height="48">

The form action Attribute • The form action attribute specifies the URL of a file that will process the input control when the form is submitted. • The form action attribute is used with type="submit" and type="image". Syntax: <form action=“index2.html"> </form>

The form method Attribute • The form method attribute defines the HTTP method for sending form-data to the action URL. <form action=“index.html" method="get"> </form>

The pattern Attribute • The pattern attribute specifies a regular expression that the <input> element's value is checked against. • The pattern attribute works with the following input types: text, Url , email, and password. <input type="text" name="country_code" pattern="[A-Za-z]{3}" title="Three letter country code">

The placeholder Attribute • The hint is displayed in the input field before the user enters a value. Syntax: <input type="text" name="fname" placeholder="First name">

The required Attribute • The required attribute specifies that an input field must be filled out before submitting the form. Syntax: Username: <input type="text" name="usrname" required>

The “step” attribute • Example: – if step="3", legal numbers could be -3, 0, 3, 6, etc. • Syntax: <input type="number" name="points" step="3">

CSS • CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets. • CSS describes how HTML elements are to be displayed on screen, paper, or in other media. • CSS saves a lot of work. It can control the layout of multiple web pages all at once.

Types of CSS • CSS can be added to HTML elements in 3 ways: – Inline - by using the style attribute in HTML elements. – Internal - by using a <style> element in the <head> section. – External - by using an external CSS file. • The most common way to add CSS, is to keep the styles in separate CSS files. However, here we will use inline and internal styling, because this is easier to demonstrate, and easier for you to try it yourself.

Inline CSS Example: • An inline CSS is used to apply a unique style to a single HTML element. • An inline CSS uses the style attribute of an HTML element. <h1 style="color:blue;">This is a Blue Heading</h1>

Internal CSS • An internal CSS is used to define a style for a single HTML page. • An internal CSS is defined in the <head> section of an HTML page, within a <style> element:

External CSS • An external style sheet is used to define the style for many HTML pages. • With an external style sheet, you can change the look of an entire web site, by changing one file! • To use an external style sheet, add a link to it in the <head> section of the HTML page:

CSS Colors Colors set by using color names: Color Name Red Green Blue Orange Yellow Cyan Black

CSS Properties Background Color body { background-color: green; } Background Image body { background-image: url("paper.gif"); }

CSS Properties Background Image – no repeat body { background-image: url("img_tree.png"); background-repeat: no-repeat; } Border p{ border:1px solid black; }

CSS Properties  CSS Margins • The CSS margin properties are used to generate space around elements. • The margin properties set the size of the white space outside the border. • With CSS, you have full control over the margins. There are CSS properties for setting the margin for each side of an element (top, right, bottom, and left).

CSS Properties  Margin - Individual Sides • CSS has properties for specifying the margin for each side of an element: p { margin-top: 100px; margin-bottom: 100px; margin-right: 150px; margin-left: 80px; }

CSS Properties  Margin - Shorthand Property • o shorten the code, it is possible to specify all the margin properties in one property. • The margin property is a shorthand property for the following individual margin properties: p { margin: 100px 150px 100px 80px; }

CSS Properties  Margin auto Property p { margin:0 auto; }

CSS Properties  CSS Padding • The CSS padding properties are used to generate space around content.  Padding - Individual Sides p { padding-top: 50px; padding-right: 30px; padding-bottom: 50px; padding-left: 80px; }

CSS Properties  Setting height and width • The height and width properties are used to set the height and width of an element. • The height and width can be set to auto (this is default. Means that the browser calculates the height and width), or be specified in length values, like px, cm, etc., or in percent (%) of the containing block.

CSS Properties  Text Color • The color property is used to set the color of the text. body { color: blue; }

CSS Properties  Text Alignment h1 { text-align: center; } h2 { text-align: left; } h3 { text-align: right; } div { text-align: justify; }

CSS Properties  Text Decoration h1 { text-decoration: overline; } h3 { text-decoration: underline; } h1 { text-shadow: 3px 2px red; }

CSS Properties  Text Transformation p.uppercase { text-transform: uppercase; } p.lowercase { text-transform: lowercase; } p.capitalize { text-transform: capitalize; }

CSS Properties  Text Shadow • The text-shadow property adds shadow to text. • The following example specifies the position of the horizontal shadow (3px), the position of the vertical shadow (2px) and the color of the shadow (red): h1 { text-shadow: 3px 2px red; }

CSS Properties • Links can be styled with any CSS property. a { color:blue; }

CSS Properties a:link - a normal, unvisited link a:visited - a link the user has visited a:hover - a link when the user mouses over it a:active - a link the moment it is clicked

CSS Properties  CSS Forms input { width: 100%; }  Individual input field • input[type=text] - will only select text fields • input[type=password] - will only select password fields

CSS Properties  Bordered Inputs • Use the border property to change the border size and color, and use the border-radius property to add rounded corners: input[type=text] { border: 2px solid red; border-radius: 4px; }

CSS Properties  Colored Inputs • Use the background-color property to add a background color to the input, and the color property to change the text color: input[type=text] { background-color: blue; color: white; }

CSS Properties  Focused Inputs • input[type=text]:focus { background-color:blue; } • input[type=text]:focus { border: 3px solid #555; }

CSS Properties  Input with icon/image input[type=text] { background-image: url('searchicon.png'); }

JavaScript • JavaScript is the programming language of HTML and the Web. • JavaScript is easy to learn. • JavaScript is Case Sensitive Why Study JavaScript? • JavaScript is one of the 3 languages all web developers must learn: 1. HTML to define the content of web pages 2. CSS to specify the layout of web pages 3. JavaScript to program the behavior of web pages

JavaScript  The <script> Tag • In HTML, JavaScript code must be inserted between <script> and </script> tag <script> document.getElementById("demo").innerHT ML = "My First JavaScript"; </script>

JavaScript  JavaScript Can Change HTML Content • One of many JavaScript HTML methods is getElementById(). • This example uses the method to "find" an HTML element (with id="demo") and changes the element content (innerHTML) to "Hello JavaScript":

JavaScript  JavaScript Variables • In a programming language, variables are used to store data values. • JavaScript uses the var keyword to declare variables. Example: var x; x = 6;

Operators -JavaScript Arithmetic Operator Description + Addition - Subtraction * Multiplication / Division % Modulus ++ Increment -- Decrement

Operators-JavaScript Assignment Operator Example Same As = x = y x = y += x += y x = x + y -= x -= y x = x - y *= x *= y x = x * y /= x /= y x = x / y %= x %= y x = x % y

Operators-JavaScript Comparison Operator Description == equal to === equal value and equal type != not equal > greater than < less than >= greater than or equal to <= less than or equal to

JavaScript  For Loop for(i=1;i<=10;i++) { document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML+=i; }  While Loop var i=1; while(i<=10) { document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML+=i; i++; }

Operators-JavaScript  JavaScript String Operators The + operator can also be used to add (concatenate) strings. txt1 = “hello"; txt2 = “world"; txt3 = txt1 + " " + txt2;

Operators-JavaScript Logical Operators Description && logical and || logical or

Bootstrap • Bootstrap is the most popular HTML, CSS, and JavaScript framework for developing responsive, mobile-first web sites. • Bootstrap is completely free to download and use! • Bootstrap is open source. It's hosted, developed, and maintained on GitHub.

Bootstrap  Containers <div class="container"> ... </div> <div class="container-fluid"> ... </div>  Grid options 1 Row=12 Column .col-xs Use for Extra small Devices(Mobile). .col-sm use for small Devices(Tablet). .col-md Use for Medium Devices(Desktop). .col-lg Use for Large Devices(Desktop).

Bootstrap  Headings <h1>h1. Bootstrap heading</h1> <h2>h2. Bootstrap heading</h2> <h3>h3. Bootstrap heading</h3> <h4>h4. Bootstrap heading</h4> <h5>h5. Bootstrap heading</h5> <h6>h6. Bootstrap heading</h6>

Bootstrap  Headings <h1>h1. Bootstrap heading <small>Secondary text</small></h1> <h2>h2. Bootstrap heading <small>Secondary text</small></h2> <h3>h3. Bootstrap heading <small>Secondary text</small></h3> <h4>h4. Bootstrap heading <small>Secondary text</small></h4> <h5>h5. Bootstrap heading <small>Secondary text</small></h5> <h6>h6. Bootstrap heading <small>Secondary text</small></h6>

Bootstrap  Alignment classes <p class="text-left">Left aligned text.</p> <p class="text-center">Center aligned text.</p> <p class="text-right">Right aligned text.</p> <p class="text-justify">Justified text.</p>

Bootstrap  Transformation classes <p class="text-lowercase">Lowercased text.</p> <p class="text-uppercase">Uppercased text.</p> <p class="text-capitalize">Capitalized text.</p>

Bootstrap  Tables <table class=“table”> <tr> <td>Username</td> <td>Password</td> </tr> </table>

Bootstrap  Table Bordered <table class=“table table-bordered”> <tr> <td>Username</td> <td>Password</td> </tr> </table>

Bootstrap  Table Hover <table class=“table table-hover”> <tr> <td>Username</td> <td>Password</td> </tr>

Bootstrap  Responsive Table <div class=“table-responsive”> <table class=“table”> <tr> <td>username</td> <td>password</td> </tr> </table> </div>

Bootstrap Class Description .active Applies the hover color to a particular row or cell .success Indicates a successful or positive action .info Indicates a neutral informative change or action .warning Indicates a warning that might need attention .danger Indicates a dangerous or potentially negative action

Bootstrap  Button <button type="button" class="btn btn-default">Default</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Primary</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-success">Success</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-info">Info</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-warning">Warning</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger">Danger</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-link">Link</button>

Bootstrap  Text Color Classes <p class="text-muted">...</p> <p class="text-primary">...</p> <p class="text-success">...</p> <p class="text-info">...</p> <p class="text-warning">...</p> <p class="text-danger">...</p>

Bootstrap  Background Color Classes <p class="bg-primary">...</p> <p class="bg-success">...</p> <p class="bg-info">...</p> <p class="bg-warning">...</p> <p class="bg-danger">...</p>

Bootstrap  Form Control <div class="form-group"> <label>Username</label> <input type="text" class="form-control"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label>Gender</label> <label class="radio-inline"><input type="radio">Male</label> <label class="radio-inline"><input type="radio">Female</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label>Education</label> <label class="checkbox-inline"><input type="checkbox">Male</label> <label class="checkbox-inline"><input type="checkbox">Female</label> </div>

Bootstrap  Responsive images <img src="..." class="img-responsive" alt="Responsive image">  Image shapes <img src="..." alt="..." class="img-rounded"> <img src="..." alt="..." class="img-circle"> <img src="..." alt="..." class="img-thumbnail">

JSON  JSON - Introduction • JSON: JavaScript Object Notation. • JSON is a syntax for storing and exchanging data. • JSON is text.

JSON  JSON Data - A Name and a Value • JSON data is written as name/value pairs. • A name/value pair consists of a field name (in double quotes), followed by a colon, followed by a value:

JSON  Data Types  JSON Strings – Strings in JSON must be written in double quotes. Example: { "name":"John" }

JSON  Data Types  JSON Numbers – Numbers in JSON must be an integer or a floating point. Example: { "age":30 }

JSON Objects Syntax: Example { "name":"John", "age":30, "car":null }

JSON  Accessing Object Values • We can access the object values by using dot (.) notation. Example: myObj = { "name":"John", "age":30, "car":null }; x = myObj.name;

JSON  Arrays Example: [ "Ford", "BMW", "Fiat" ]  Accessing Array Values • You access the array values by using the index number: Example: x = myObj.cars[0];

JSON For Loop Syntax: var x; var z=""; x={"username":["two","three"],"password":"admin@123"}; for(i=0;i<x.username.length;i++) { z+=x.username[i]+"<br>"; } document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML=z;

JSON  JSON.parse() Syntax: JSON.parse('{ "name":"John", "age":30,"city":"New York"}');

AngularJS • AngularJS extends HTML with new attributes. • AngularJS is perfect for Single Page Applications (SPAs). • AngularJS is easy to learn. • AngularJS is a JavaScript framework. It is a library written in JavaScript. • AngularJS is distributed as a JavaScript file, and can be added to a web page with a script tag: <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/angularjs/1. 6.4/angular.min.js"></script>

AngularJS • AngularJS starts automatically when the web page has loaded. • The ng-app directive defines an AngularJS application. • The ng-model directive binds the value of HTML controls (input, select, textarea) to application data. <div ng-app=""> <p>My first expression: {{ 5 + 5 }}</p> </div> </body> </html>

AngularJS  ng-model Example: <div ng-app=""> <input type="text" ng-model="user"> {{user}} </div>

AngularJS  ng-init Syntax: <div ng-app=""> <input type="text" ng-init="user=‘admin'; pass='admin@123'"> {{user}} </div>

AngularJS  AngularJS Objects <div ng-app="" ng-init="person={firstName:'John',lastName:'Doe'}"> <p>The name is {{ person.lastName }}</p> </div>  AngularJS Arrays <div ng-app="" ng-init="points=[1,15,19,2,40]"> <p>The third result is {{ points[2] }}</p> </div>

AngularJS  ng-repeat <div ng-app="" ng-init="names=[ {name:'Jani',country:'Norway'}, {name:'Hege',country:'Sweden'}, {name:'Kai',country:'Denmark'}]"> <p>Looping with objects:</p> <ul> <li ng-repeat="x in names"> {{ x.name + ', ' + x.country }}</li> </ul> </div>

Basic of HTML, CSS(StyleSheet), JavaScript(js), Bootstrap, JSON & AngularJS

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Basic of HTML, CSS(StyleSheet), JavaScript(js), Bootstrap, JSON & AngularJS