The NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a widely studied inflammasome that plays a critical role in inflammatory responses. Many triggers, including microbial pathogens (ie, bacteria and viruses) and other signals (ie, reactive oxygen species, adenosine triphosphate, urate, silicon, and asbestos), can stimulate the NLRP3 inflammasome. Liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common pathologic process during liver surgery and shock and can induce severe liver damage. Although its pathogenesis is still unclear, oxidative stress and overproduction of the inflammatory response are likely to contribute to I/R injury. The NLRP3 inflammasome is activated during the I/R process, resulting in further recruitment and activation of caspase-...

Abstract The aim of this paper is to analyze the inclusion of Green Public Procurement (GPP) requirements in the EU public procurement regime. The debate about moving towards greener public purchasing has been fueled afresh in the wake of the EU Green Deal, which highlights the significance of a public procurement regime in pursuing the existing environmental policy goals at EU level. This is also reflected in other key EU policy documents, such as the Circular Economy Package, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as well as the climate change legislation implementing the Paris Agreement. In this context, this paper aspires to map the intersections between the public spending decisions of contracting authorities and their discretion in inserting environm...

Mechanisms for risk sharing are critical in infrastructure project financing. In public-private partnerships (PPP) for highway projects, provision of guarantees by the government to the investors is an important risk-sharing scheme. Because the government does not have the same information that private investors have, information asymmetry leads to speculation. In this paper, investors grab minimum revenue guarantee by deliberately reducing in earnings is identified as a moral hazard. To solve this problem, a game theory model for studying mechanisms that encourage/incentivize investors to adopt a positive attitude toward cooperation with the government is established. In particular, we design incentive mechanisms that engage private investors based on their...

Dual-energy X-ray radiography has been commonly used for materials separation. However, its performance is limited, especially for the separation of close materials or the identification of multiple materials. To cope with this problem, we propose to investigate the material decomposition ability of spectral radiography based on photon-counting detector. The latter having energy resolving capability can provide spectral information of several energy bins and thus enables selective imaging of multiple materials. In this framework, a classification-based patchwise regularized decomposition method was proposed to gain better differentiation between materials. It consists of performing several decompositions with reduced number of materials in the basis and clas...

Coating of metallic industrial parts with titanium nitride (TiN) is widely used with the aim to improve the mechanical and tribological properties of these parts. In the present work, TiN films were deposited via grid-assisted magnetron sputtering on aluminium substrates. The films were grown under different substrate bias voltage (-40, -75 or -100 V) and two different modes of nitrogen supply during deposition (constant and variable), resulting in homogeneous and N-graded films. The results of tension fractures observed in situ were correlated with the film microstructure and residual stress levels obtained through grazing incidence X-ray diffraction measurements. Elastic properties of the films were analysed via nanoindentation and adhesive properties were...

With the increasing popularity of collaboration in the cloud, shared data have become a new branch of cloud data, which also brings new challenges for remote integrity auditing. To address the concerns, this paper presents a novel public auditing scheme for shared data. Differing from the existing works, we introduce a new entity called local authentication server to finalise the block tags of shared data, which can thereby prevent the collusion attack effectively. Moreover, thanks to the new mechanism of tag generation, our scheme relieves the user manager of the burden of management and largely reduces the computation and communication overheads. In addition, we extend the scheme to support batch auditing by employing the aggregate BLS signature technique....

UN-SPIDER-United Nations platform for space-based information for disaster management and emergency response is a new programme established as per UN’s resolution 61/110.UN-SPIDER is being implemented as an open network of providers of space-based solutions to support disaster management activities. Besides Vienna, the programme also has an office in Bonn, Germany and Beijing, China. In recent years the program have contributed to making space technologies available for humanitarian and emergency response, UN-SPIDER is the first to focus on the need to ensure access to and use of such solutions during all phases of the disaster management cycle, including the risk reduction phase, which significantly contributed for reducing the loss of lives and property....

The practice of forensic neuropsychology can lead to many potential ethical dilemmas, including the request that a third party observer be present during an examination. Following a case example, we review relevant Ethical Standards from the recent revision of the American Psychological Association's Ethics Code (APA, 2002), as well as policy statements by the National Academy of Neuropsychology (NAN, 2000) and the American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology (AACN, 2001) that should be considered when confronted with the request for observation by a third party. As many ethical dilemmas are rarely clear-cut, their answers will likely generate additional questions for the individual practitioner and the profession. Finally, we provide some suggested courses ...

Numerous bacterial toxins can cross biological membranes to reach the cytosol of mammalian cells, where they exert their cytotoxic effects. Our model toxin, the adenylate cyclase (CyaA) from Bordetella pertussis, is able to invade eukaryotic cells by translocating its catalytic domain directly across the plasma membrane of target cells. To characterize its original translocation process, we designed an in vitro assay based on a biomimetic membrane model in which a tethered lipid bilayer (tBLM) is assembled on an amine-gold surface derivatized with calmodulin (CaM). The assembled bilayer forms a continuous and protein-impermeable boundary completely separating the underlying calmodulin (trans side) from the medium above (cis side). The binding of CyaA to the ...

Abstract Due to the weak stiffness of robot structure, the positional accuracy of industrial robots under load can hardly meet the application requirements of high-precision machining. Predicting and compensating errors by accurate stiffness modeling is an effective method to improve robot positional accuracy. Existing stiffness modeling methods use theoretical kinematic parameters and approximate the joint stiffness to a fixed value, so that the modeling accuracy is poor. Thus, this paper proposes a regular sampling point selection method by space gridding. Then, combining Levenberg-Marquardt kinematics parameter calibration and static joint stiffness identification methods, a comprehensive identification method is proposed to achieve simultaneous identifyi...

En el presente artículo se revisan los componentes biológicos, psicológicos y sociales que pueden participar en la patogenia de la anorexia nerviosa (AN). Se examinan los aspectos que contribuyen a la vulnerabilidad a la enfermedad, como los genes, los rasgos de personalidad y las cogniciones, se consideran diversos factores que pueden desencadenar su inicio (estrés, acontecimientos vitales y medios de comunicación) y se examinan los factores biopsicosociales que la mantienen (físicos, psicológicos y respuestas sociales). Es importante tratar de comprender los factores predisponentes, los precipitantes y los que la perpetúan en el diseño de estrategias eficaces de prevención y tratamiento, así como predecir qué individuos están en mayor riesgo d...

To characterize a guinea pig behavior model of bladder pain due to intravesical antigen infusion and to determine the role of neurokinin receptor subtypes in mediating this behavior.The influence of subtype-selective neurokinin receptor antagonists on increased abdominal licking behavior in response to intravesical antigen infusion in guinea pigs immunized with ovalbumin (OA) was determined.Intravesical OA infusion for 30 minutes induced a significantly greater frequency (about 3-fold) of abdominal licking behavior than during either the 30 minutes pre-challenge or post challenge saline infusions. Treatment with IP capsaicin 7 to 10 days before OA challenge abolished the intravesical antigen-induced behavior. IP injection of the NK1 receptor antagonist CP 99...

Background Symptomatic popliteal artery aneurysms (PAAs) can be managed by open surgery or endovascular exclusion. Methods The authors describe a case of a 68-mm PAA causing compressive symptoms and managed by endovascular exclusion combined with percutaneous sac decompression. Results Endovascular exclusion allows sac pressure reduction. Additional percutaneous sac aspiration and thrombin injection promote sac shrinking and avoid persistent collateral flow. Conclusions In challenging cases, matching different techniques can be helpful. Symptomatic popliteal artery aneurysms (PAAs) can be managed by open surgery or endovascular exclusion. The authors describe a case of a 68-mm PAA causing compressive symptoms and managed by endovascular exclusion combined wi...

Abstract Clinical concept extraction aims to quickly and effectively extract available data from complex and diverse clinical information, which is a crucial task for medical diagnosis using electronic medical records. Named entity recognition (NER) accurately marks essential information in clinical records based on the characteristics of the target entity, providing a way to extract clinical concepts. In the clinical concept extraction task, the existing methods are not satisfactory to obtain accurate labelling results in the face of large-scale and complex clinical information. To solve this problem, we improve and optimize a named entity recognition method based on the LSTM-CRF model. First, the improved deep neural network model uses two optional configu...

Knee joint is the main weight bearing tissue of human body, also it is one of the prone parts of the clinical disease. Under different sports conditions, knee joint was loaded at different forms. In this study, the changes of average contact pressure, peak contact pressure, contact area and pressure-sharing regions were researched using the intact and defect pig knee joints under different loading rates and loads, including fast rates and large loads. These data were measured and recorded by usage of the sensor plate that placed between the unilateral meniscus and the femur cartilage during loading process. As for the intact cartilage samples, the average contact pressure and peak contact pressure of the femur cartilage increase with the loading rate, while ...

The fabrication, characterization of butyl methyl imidazolium silica sulfate [BMIm]SS as a novel nano hybrid catalyst and its application in synthesis of new ibuprofen (IBP) 1,2-diol mono esters were described. [BMIm]SS catalyzed the reaction of IBP with epoxides to afford the new IBP 1,2-diol mono esters in good to excellent yields. The products were tested in vivo for the analgesic properties on female mice using formalin test. The test results revealed that most compounds, in particular compounds 1h, 1k and 1o displayed potent analgesic activity compare to IBP as a reference drug. No mortality was observed due to the toxicity of the synthesized compounds. The docking analysis was conducted that confirmed the strong binding affinity of active compounds to ...

The goal of this paper was the comparison of radiation dose and imaging quality before and after the Clarity IQ technology installation in a Philips AlluraXper FD20/20 angiography system using a Channelized Hotelling Observer model (CHO). The core characteristics of the Allura Clarity IQ technology are its real-time noise reduction algorithms (NRT) combined with state-of-the-art hardware; this technology allows to implement acquisition protocols able to significantly reduce patient entrance dose. To measure the system performances in terms of image quality we used a contrast detail phantom in a clinical scatter condition. A Leeds TO10 phantom has been imaged between two 10 cm thick homogeneous solid water slabs. Fluoroscopy images were acquired using a cereb...

Production of refined or flavored vegetable oils requires to be close to the expectations of the customers (industry, catering, consumers). From technical data established by the producer taking into account his own constraints and the products characteristics, appropriate specifications are set up. The document includes different parts such as technical information concerning the raw material, the final product, the packaging but also the procedures and the organisation to insure the quality of the product along the process. More over, the producer must pay attention to the specific request from the consumers; this includes nutritional information, safety insurance, advices about uses and storage conditions. To provide efficient answers, the producer has to...

A ten-year prospective study of 26 children and adolescents (age range: 3.5 to 15.75 years; mean age 10.25 years) with symptomatic HBsAg-negative chronic aggressive hepatitis is presented. Daily high-dose prednisone therapy was initially prescribed to secure clinical and biochemical remission, and then an alternate-day steroid program was instituted to maintain the state of remission. Azathioprine was added to the regimen (in three children) if remission was not secured after three months of daily prednisone therapy or if frequent relapses precluded reduction of the predanisone dosage. The mean duration of treatment was 19 months. Clinical and biochemical remission was achieved in all children and histologic remission was demonstrated in 17 children. No ster...

Abstract Calcineurin B-like protein (CBL) and CBL-interacting protein kinase (CIPK) play an important role in regulation on plant abiotic stress tolerance. It is unknown whether CBL-CIPK pathway regulates abiotic stress tolerance in bermudagrass. In the present study, CdtCBL4 and CdtCIPK5 from triploid bermudagrass were characterized. CdtCBL4 and CdtCIPK5 transcripts were induced by dehydration and salt. In addition, low temperature induced CdtCIPK5 transcript, but inhibited CdtCBL4 transcript; ABA induced CdtCIPK5 transcript, but had no influence on CdtCBL4 transcript. Yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assay demonstrated CdtCIPK5 interacted with CdtCBL4. Overexpression of CdtCIPK5 and CdtCBL4 improved salt tolerance in tra...

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to many countries closing their borders, and numerous people spending their holidays at home instead of traveling abroad. This sudden reduction in travel activities, and other ‘new normals’, might have influenced people’s water usage. Hence, using Liège as a case study, this study aims to address the potential effect of outbound tourism on water consumption and how the current situation might affect the total water demand. Statistical models were developed and validated using the total daily volume of 23 municipalities in the Liège conurbation, the monthly total number of outbound trips, and other meteorological data. Results suggest significantly lower water demand in the months with high numbers of outbound travel acti...

Objetivo: El presente estudio se plantea como objetivo principal analizar cómo la percepción de apoyo de los padres de niños diagnosticados con enfermedad oncológica influye en la percepción de estrés y la satisfacción vital. Método: Participaron 112 padres de niños con patología oncológica que recibían tratamiento en Málaga y pertenecían a una asociación de padres de niños afectados por esta enfermedad. Resultados: Respecto a las fuentes analizadas la percepción de apoyo familiar disminuye la frecuencia del estrés, el apoyo de los amigos y de las asociaciones disminuye el esfuerzo relacionado con el estrés y el apoyo de la pareja aumenta la satisfacción vital de los progenitores. Respecto a los tipos de apoyo, el apoyo instrumental es el...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and Properties of Silicon TetrapropionateF. C. LanningCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1953, 75, 7, 1596Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1953https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01103a023RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views235Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossre...

The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has emerged as one of the biggest health threats of our generation. A significant portion of patients are presenting with delirium and neuropsychiatric sequelae of the disease. Unique examination findings and responses to treatment have been identified. In this article, we seek to provide pharmacologic and treatment recommendations specific to delirium in patients with COVID-19. We performed a literature search reviewing the neuropsychiatric complications and treatments in prior coronavirus epidemics including Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses, as well as the emerging literature regar...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMesylated Cellulose and Derivatives1M. L. Wolfrom, John C. Sowden, and E. A. MetcalfCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1941, 63, 6, 1688–1691Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1941Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1941https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01851a052https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01851a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views135Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other ar...

Intelligent Internet of Things (IoT) will be transformative with the advancement of artificial intelligence and high-dimensional data analysis, shifting from "connected things" to "connected intelligence." This shall unleash the full potential of intelligent IoT in a plethora of exciting applications, such as self-driving cars, unmanned aerial vehicles, healthcare, robotics, and supply chain finance. These applications drive the need to develop revolutionary computation, communication, and artificial intelligence technologies that can make low-latency decisions with massive realtime data. To this end, federated machine learning, as a disruptive technology, has emerged to distill intelligence from the data at the network edge, while guaranteeing device privac...

Scleritis is defined as an infectious or noninfectious inflammation of the sclera that can be broadly categorized according to anatomic location (ie, anterior or posterior) and whether the process is necrotizing or non-necrotizing. Treatment for scleritis is dictated by the etiology of the inflammation, with infectious forms requiring treatment of the inciting agent and noninfectious forms requiring treatment of the underlying inflammation with immunosuppression. Pharmacotherapy for noninfectious scleritis can be classified according to delivery route (eg, local or systemic) and mechanism of action (eg, biologic or nonbiologic). This review will briefly summarize the classification scheme for scleritis before reviewing in depth both systemic and local pharma...

### What you need to know Osteonecrosis of the jaw is a severe adverse effect reported with certain drugs commonly used in the treatment of cancers and osteoporosis. Although rare, it can severely impair quality of life.1 The number and type of drugs associated with osteonecrosis of the jaw continue to increase, as do their indications. With greater life expectancy and more people living with cancer as a chronic disease, the pool of those “at risk” is increasing. Management can be costly, invasive, and difficult.2 Clinicians can play a pivotal role in prevention of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw by informing patients of the risks when they prescribe these drugs and discussing ways to minimise the risk. In this article we describe the risks a...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe utilization of a polymeric phenylthiomethyllithium reagent for the homologation of alkyl iodides and its application for the study of intraresin reactions of polymer-bound functional groupsGuy A. Crosby and Masao KatoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 1, 278–280Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1977https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00443a066RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views85Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading u...

In his essays on and art,' Carlo Emilio Gadda stresses the importance of cognition and experience in determining the writer's choice of and style. According to him, literary technique is the product of a common adoption of language and, therefore, of a history already consolidated. 2 Words, the matter and instruments of expression, exist as neutral entities, apart from the author, in a more or less objective state. The writer's technique is thus formed by the acceptance and enrichment of certain determinate modes of expression, or by antithetical selection or repudiation. 3 The criteria according to which the artist initiates this process is, in turn, established by the demands which ensue from his vision of reality. Expression must, furthermore, conform ...

Mycoplasma hominis is an opportunistic bacterium that can cause acute and chronic infections of the urogenital tract. This bacterium, like all other Mycoplasma species, is characterized by the reduced genome size, and, consequently, reduction of the main metabolic pathways. M. hominis cells cannot effectively use glucose as a carbon and energy source. Therefore, the main pathway of energy metabolism is the arginine dihydrolase pathway. However, several bacteria can use nucleosides as the sole energy source. Biochemical studies using Salmonella typhimurium have shown that three enzymes (thymidine phosphorylase, phosphopentose mutase and deoxyribose-phosphate aldolase) are involved in the thymidine catabolic pathway. All these enzymes are present in M. hominis...

Organic field-effect transistor (OFETs) are fabricated using thin, vapor-deposited films of both the gate dielectric (vapor-deposited self-assembled nanodielectric, v-SAND) and the organic semiconductor. The nanoscopic self-assembled gate dielectrics are structurally organized via molecular precursor hydrogen-bonding interactions, followed by planarization with a vapor-deposited inorganic SiOx film. It is shown here that the metal−insulator−semiconductor (MIS) and OFET device electrical properties are sensitive to the v-SAND molecular dipolar orientation. In addition, alternating (organic/inorganic/organic/...) and nonalternating (1 organic layer + 1 inorganic layer) v-SAND microstructural arrangements are investigated, and the microstructures are correl...

Background Perceived helpfulness of treatment is an important healthcare quality indicator in the era of patient-centered care. We examine probability and predictors of two key components of this indicator for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Methods Data come from World Mental Health surveys in 16 countries. Respondents who ever sought PTSD treatment (n = 779) were asked if treatment was ever helpful and, if so, the number of professionals they had to see to obtain helpful treatment. Patients whose treatment was never helpful were asked how many professionals they saw. Parallel survival models were estimated for obtaining helpful treatment in a specific encounter and persisting in help-seeking after earlier unhelpful encounters. Results Fifty seven per...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlcoholysis Reactions of Alkyl SilicatesDonald F. Peppard, Weldon G. Brown, and Warren C. JohnsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1946, 68, 1, 73–75Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1946Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1946https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01205a023RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views356Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated dai...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Study of the Kinetics of the Reaction between Nitrogen Pentoxide and Nitric Oxide1,2J. Harold Smith and Farrington DanielsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1947, 69, 7, 1735–1741Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1947Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1947https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01199a048RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views83Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by ...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of triiron carbonyl cluster complexes containing isomeric triply bridging acimidoyl or alkylidenimido group derived from the reduction of organic nitrilesMark A. Andrews and Herbert D. KaeszCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 24, 7238–7244Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1979https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00518a018RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views128Altmetric-Citations67LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last ...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe rate of site-site interactions in functionalized polystyrenesJulius Rebek Jr. and John E. TrendCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 3, 737Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1979https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00497a041RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views97Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily...

The A1200 projectile fragment separator at the NSCL has been used to produce secondary beams for a series of experiments with astrophysically interesting nuclei far from stability. Studies of A ≤ 20 nuclei include measurements of the β-decay branching ratios of 15B, β-delayed neutron emission from 18N and 17,18C, and β-delayed proton emission from 20Mg. In the 60 < A < 100 region, several experiments have been performed to map out the proton drip-line. By measuring the half-lives and binding energies of nuclei such as 65As and 69Br, the path and extent of the rapid proton capture (rp) process can be determined. Recently the performance of the A1200 separator was enhanced by installing a quadrupole doublet just upstream of the target position. The smalle...

Didanosine (ddl) has been used to treat HIV infection, in combination with other anti-retroviral drugs, for over 15 years. However, the use of the original formulation of ddI was limited by serious gastro-intestinal adverse effects, which were mainly attributable to the buffer used to protect ddI from the effect of gastric pH. Didanosine enteric-coated capsule (ddI-EC), a more recently introduced formulation, is less likely to cause gastrointestinal intolerance and its absorption might not be compromised by food intake. In this review we discuss efficacy of ddI-EC-containing anti-retroviral combinations (cART) both in naïve and previously treated patients. Because of its favorable resistance profile, ddI-EC has been shown to be potentially efficacious in re...

Introduction: All over the Nepal many Patient of Kidney Consume alternative and Complimentary drugs with or without allopathic medicine. There are Few case reports which indicates deterioration of various Kidney function because of the Presence of heavy metals in this Preparations. No large scale study is available to check this hence study was planned with the primary aim of evaluating use complementary and alternative medicine and deterioration of kidney function in chronic kidney and liver patients. Method: This is a small cross sectional study out patient department of clinic at ASUNTA Medicare Hospital all patients coming for the treatment kidney disease were offered to participate in the study. Willing participants were interviewed for various paramete...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTABSORBENT BLOCKS.1Peter T. Austen and W. Homer BroadhurstCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1895, 17, 6, 472–473Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1895Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1895https://doi.org/10.1021/ja02161a007RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views26Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citat...

The cycloisomerization of 1,5-enynes catalyzed by cationic triphenylphosphinegold(I) complexes produces bicyclo[3.1.0]hexenes. Substitution at all positions of the 1,5-enyne is tolerated, leading to a wide range of bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane structures, including those containing quaternary carbons. Substrates containing a 1,2-disubstituted olefin undergo stereospecific cycloisomerization (cis-olefin produces cis-cyclopropane, and trans-olefin gives trans-cyclopropane). Additionally, enantioenriched bicyclo[3.1.0]hexenes can be obtained from the gold(I)-catalyzed cycloisomerization of enantioenriched 1,5-enynes with excellent chirality transfer. The preparation of tricyclic systems is accomplished through a gold(I)-catalyzed tandem cycloisomerization−ring enlarg...

We report a case of dermatomyositis (DM) with hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS). The patient is a 60 year old male admitted to our hospital with muscle weakness, high fever, weight loss and pancytopenia. On physical examination, proximal muscle weakness and skin rash on the back were noted. Laboratory data revealed elevated serum levels of muscle enzymes, lactate dehydrogenase and ferritin. Serum levels of M-CSF, TNF-alpha, soluble IL 2 receptor were remarkably increased. Bone marrow aspiration showed histiocytosis of 7 to 10% with prominent hemophagocytosis. Gastroendoscopic examination revealed II-a gastric cancer. He was treated with methylprednisolone (m-PSL) pulse theraphy (1 g/ day x 3 days) followed by 60 mg/day oral prednisolone. He quickly responded to ...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra of Some Perfluoroalkyl Derivatives of Sulfur HexafluorideNorbert Muller, Paul C. Lauterbur, and George F. SvatosCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 5, 1043–1045Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1957https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01562a009RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views67Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing thi...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSubstituted Quinolines1,2C. E. Kaslow and R. D. StaynerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 10, 3350–3351Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1948https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01190a039RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views183Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossr...

In this article we present some of our ethnographic findings from the city of Amsterdam, where health authorities and practitioners have implemented harm reduction strategies that build on and reinforce young drug users’ practices of self-regulation and care. Amsterdam’s harm reduction policies build on the premises that harm is not a direct, always present consequence of recreational drug use and that harm reduction strategies will be more effective when they engage with the collective, material, and affective practices constantly evolving within drug-using communities. This approach to caring for drug-using youth is “unsettled” in two ways. In light of both, the city carefully tailors drug information campaigns to speak to the lived experiences of ...

The pentaheme containing cytochrome, NrfA, from Escherichia coli catalyzes the six-electron reduction of nitrite and the five-electron reduction of nitric oxide. Crystallographic and spectroscopic studies have provided a structural framework for these mechanisms. The active site includes a high-spin heme, and four low-spin, bis−his coordinated hemes are positioned to facilitate intra- and intermolecular electron exchange. However, despite the use of protein film voltammetry to provide kinetic descriptions of NrfA catalysis at graphite and gold electrodes, the thermodynamic descriptions of heme redox activity remain incomplete. Here we rectify this situation with the observation of nonturnover signals from NrfA adsorbed on mesoporous SnO2 electrodes. Simult...

Cyclosporine A is known to be effective in some genetic podocyte injury. However, the efficacy of cyclosporine A depends on the degree of histopathological findings, and the relationship between long-term use and renal prognosis remains unknown. Frasier syndrome is a rare genetic disorder caused by intronic mutations in WT1, and is characterized by progressive glomerulopathy, a 46,XY disorder of sex development, and an increased risk of gonadoblastoma. We report here a 16-year-old phenotypically female patient with Frasier syndrome. A renal biopsy at the age of seven years showed segmentally effaced podocyte foot processes with no evidence of glomerulosclerosis. Steroid-resistant proteinuria progressed to the nephrotic range at the age of 10 years, which res...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT(Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)iridium polyhydride complexes: synthesis of intermediates in the mechanism of formation of (pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)iridium tetrahydride and the preparation of several iridium(V) compoundsThomas M. Gilbert, Frederick J. Hollander, and Robert G. BergmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 12, 3508–3516Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1985https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00298a018Request reuse permissionsArticle Views862Altmetric-Citations105LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and indivi...

We study two parameters obtained from the Euler characteristic by replacing the number of faces with that of induced and induced non-separating cycles. By establishing monotonicity of such parameters under certain homomorphism and edge contraction, we obtain new upper bounds on the chromatic number in terms of the number of induced cycles and the Hadwiger number in terms of the number of induced non-separating cycles. As an application, we show that every 3-connected graph with average degree at least 2k for some $$k\ge 2$$ have at least $$(k-1)|V|+Ck^{3}\log ^{3/2}k$$ induced non-separating cycles for some explicit constant $$C>0$$ . This improves the previous best known lower bound $$(k-1)|V|+1$$ , which follows from Tutte’s cycle space theorem. We also ...

ABSTRACT Introduction : Accurate identification of the dominant factors affecting coastal wetlands can provide a reference for vegetation rehabilitation. In this study, quantitative analysis was performed on the Yancheng coastal wetland using ANOVA and geostatistical methods. Outcomes/other : The results indicated that in the directions perpendicular and parallel to the coastline, the soil moisture and salinity in the study area exhibited relatively significant (p<0.05) spatial variability. Vegetation in the southern experimental zone was in a low-moisture, low-salinity ecological niche, whereas vegetation in the northern experimental zone was in a high-moisture, high-salinity ecological niche. Soil salinity exhibited higher spatial variability than soil ...

Temperature stress is one of the important causes of concrete structure cracking. In order to study the development law of temperature field and temperature effect of prestressed concrete beam bridge under sunshine load, taking the construction of a prestressed concrete beam bridge as an example, ADINA finite element software was used for solid simulation and compared with the measured value. The results show that the temperature curve of each point inside and outside the beam is consistent with that of the ambient temperature, but it has some hysteresis. The temperature stress distribution of the beam body calculated by using the temperature gradient in the current code is approximately the same as the measured value. The top and bottom plates are compresse...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Mechanism for the Isomerization of Alkyl PentaboranesW. V. Hough, L. J. Edwards, and A. F. StangCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1963, 85, 6, 831Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1963https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00889a051RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views37Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find ...

Dans ses œuvres de critique, mais aussi dans ses romans où les personnes réelles se muent en personnages, Françoise Lalande fait part de ses rencontres impromptues ou prolongées avec Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Arthur Rimbaud (et sa mère Vitalie Cuif), Vincent Van Gogh, Alma Mahler, Christian Dotremont, Germain Nouveau et d’autres. Loin de pratiquer l’hagiographie et particulièrement soucieuse de recréer l’atmosphère dans laquelle ils ont créé, Lalande entretient un commerce familier avec les artistes, les écrivains, les poètes surtout. Elle les piste sur tous les chemins qu’ils ont foulés, dans leurs œuvres, leurs tableaux, leurs poèmes, mais aussi dès qu’elle le peut dans la réalité de ce que fut leur vie. Elle cherche à les rencon...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE EQUILIBRIUM BETWEEN BENZENE, HYDROGEN AND CYCLOHEXANEGeorge H. Burrows and Carl LucariniCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1927, 49, 5, 1157–1161Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1927Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1927https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01404a005RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views75Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find mo...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrtho Esters, Imidic Esters and Amidines. The Identity of N-Phenyl-N'-p-tolylformamidineRoyston M. RobertsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 8, 3603–3608Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1950https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01164a078RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views164Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and ...

Abstract This paper presents an experimental study on the rheological behavior and viscosity reduction of heavy crude oil and its blends to improve the pipeline transportation by using a Haake RS6000 rheometer and a lab scale flow loop. The apparent viscosity, thixotropic behavior, yield stress and viscoelastic properties were investigated. The results of rheological measurements indicated that with the increase in the diesel volumetric concentration, the viscous modulus and thixotropic behavior of the mixture decreased remarkably; on the contrary, the elastic modulus of heavy crude oil was found to increase slightly. When the start-up rates during the pipe flow were constant, the yield stress decreased exponentially with the increase in temperature. A compa...

Fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and vinylene carbonate (VC) are widely used as electrolyte additives in lithium ion batteries. Here we analyze the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formed on binder-free silicon nanowire (SiNW) electrodes in pure FEC or VC electrolytes containing 1 M LiPF6 by solid-state NMR with and without dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) enhancement. We find that the polymeric SEIs formed in pure FEC or VC electrolytes consist mainly of cross-linked poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and aliphatic chain functionalities along with additional carbonate and carboxylate species. The formation of branched fragments is further confirmed by 13C-13C correlation NMR experiments. The presence of cross-linked PEO-type polymers in FEC and VC correlates with...

This article reviews the monographs and edited volumes on the book of Genesis published since 2015. As a means of organizing the material, the books reviewed are categorized into groupings that reflect different aspects of the study of Genesis as a book, as well as the field of biblical studies and its placement within the humanities writ large. The organizational process leads to examining who writes about Genesis, the perceived audience, and how publishers consider their task and role in the process of disseminating scholarship on the book. An apparent shift in biblical studies, or at least in research on the book of Genesis, is identified towards situating the material more into world history and contemporary issues than into the historical-critical metho...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDeaminations with nitrogen oxides. New synthesis of alkyl nitratesFred Wudl and Thomas B. K. LeeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1971, 93, 1, 271–273Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1971https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00730a058RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views135Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated da...

Strong electron-phonon interaction which limits electronic mobility of semiconductors can also have significant effects on phonon frequencies. The latter is the key to the use of Raman spectroscopy for nondestructive characterization of doping in graphene-based devices. Using in-situ Raman scattering from single layer MoS$_2$ electrochemically top-gated field effect transistor (FET), we show softening and broadening of A$_{1g}$ phonon with electron doping whereas the other Raman active E$_{2g}^{1}$ mode remains essentially inert. Confirming these results with first-principles density functional theory based calculations, we use group theoretical arguments to explain why A$_{1g}$ mode specifically exhibits a strong sensitivity to electron doping. Our work ope...

Abstract Soil material found on questioned items (such as footwear, tools or vehicles) during a police enquiry can provide powerful forensic intelligence (and evidence) relating to geographical origin. We evaluated the potential of organic biomarkers (i.e. plant wax compounds n -alkanes and fatty alcohols) and microbial community DNA profiles (bacterial and fungal) in providing land-use-based intelligence within two geographically separated urban study areas. Our results demonstrate the limited potential of basic soil physico-chemical analysis, mineralogy (X-ray diffraction) and spectroscopic (colour and Fourier transform infrared) methods in providing land-use intelligence within these specific localized urban environments. Our results also demonstrate the ...

Objective. To better appreciate perioperative concerns affecting patients considering thyroidectomy and to understand how they may vary according to patient characteristics. Study Design. Cross-sectional analysis. Setting. Tertiary referral center. Subjects and Methods. The authors recruited patients scheduled for thyroid surgery at the McGill University Thyroid Cancer Center. A total of 148 patients completed the 18-item Western Surgical Concern Inventory–Thyroid (WSCI-T) questionnaire. Psychometrics of the WSCI-T were assessed through a principal component analysis with varimax rotation and reliability analyses. Independent-samples t tests and 2-tailed Pearson correlations were ran, identifying areas of elevated concerns and their relationship to gender,...

Abstract Highly efficient single-atom catalysts attracted much research interest recently. Here we investigated the mechanism and application potential of a single cobalt atom catalyst (Co-N-C) in improving peroxymonosulfate (PMS) oxidation of several organic pollutants. With low cobalt content (0.45 at%), the Co-N-C was more active than Co3O4 for catalytic oxidation, and the PMS/Co-N-C oxidation achieved high pollutant removal rates over 60 h’ continuous flow reaction. Degradation of the selected pollutants followed distinct radical and non-radical pathways. Radical reaction dominated for the degradation of benzotriazole and diatrizoate ; in comparision, non-radical oxidation was also significant during the degradation of 5-benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-ethoxyben...

Four types of electron traps in ${\mathrm{PbWO}}_{4},$ based on regular W sites perturbed by oxygen vacancies, are identified by electron spin resonance (ESR). The analysis of the ESR spectra parameters $(g$-factor values and principal-axes orientations) shows that the revealed centers are $({\mathrm{WO}}_{3}{)}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ vacancy-containing complex anions associated with a defect in the Pb sublattice: $({\mathrm{WO}}_{3}{)}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{-}{A}_{\mathrm{Pb}}$ complexes. Two of the centers $({\mathrm{W}}_{1}$ and ${\mathrm{W}}_{2})$ are thermally stable up to 350--370 K, while the other two $({\mathrm{W}}_{3}$ and ${\mathrm{W}}_{4})$ are stable only up to 270--290 K. Above these temperatures the trapped electrons become free and recombine...

The oxidative electron-transfer properties of several superphane complexes consisting of cyclopentadienylcobalt cyclobutadiene moieties linked by either three (compounds 1 and 4) or five (compounds 2 and 5) bridging methylene groups have been studied by experimental and theoretical methods. In both cases two separate one-electron oxidations are found. The mixed-valent monocations of the (−CH2−)5-bridged complexes are valence-trapped with very weak interactions between metal centers. The (−CH2−)3 complexes, however, have strong interactions between the two molecular halves. The intervalence transfer (IT) band of 1+ has characteristics of both class II (localized) and class III (delocalized) behavior, but the IR spectra of carboxy-labeled 4+ clearly es...

Objective Information is limited concerning the role of religious and spiritual advisors in providing help to people with mental illnesses in Singapore. This study examined that role, as well as the satisfaction with and the perceived effectiveness of the services provided, among people with mental health problems. Methods Data were collected as part of a nationally representative household survey of residents 18 years and older in Singapore. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview, version 3.0, was used to diagnose mental illness as well as to collect information about the mental health services respondents had sought. Results A total of 6,616 respondents completed the survey; in the overall sample, 1.5% reported seeking help from religious or spir...

Centriole duplication occurs once per cell cycle. Since only a single daughter centriole is assembled adjacent to each mother centriole, symmetry around the mother centriole must be broken in the process of centriole duplication. Recent studies have established that Plk4, a master kinase for centriole duplication, can self-assemble into condensates, and have suggested that this Plk4 self-assembly is the key to symmetry breaking. Here, we present the current hypotheses for how Plk4 could break symmetry around the mother centriole via autonomous regulation. After this initial symmetry-breaking process, the ring-to-dot conversion of Plk4 around the mother centriole completes the selection of the site for procentriole formation. We also discuss how this dynamic ...

This work addresses novel means for controlled mixing and reaction initiation in biomimetic confined compartments having volume elements in the range of 10(-12) to 10(-15) L. The method is based on mixing fluids using a two-site injection scheme into growing surfactant vesicles. A solid-state injection needle is inserted into a micrometer-sized vesicle (radius 5-25 microm), and by pulling on the needle, we create a nanoscale surfactant channel connecting injection needle and the vesicle. Injection of a solvent A from the needle into the nanotube results in the formation of a growing daughter vesicle at the tip of the needle in which mixing takes place. The growth of the daughter vesicle requires a flow of surfactants in the nanotube that generates a flow of ...

The technology of filling hollow carbon nanotubes with desirable materials has created tremendous interest in recent years. The objective of this study is to introduce analytical solutions for effective longitudinal Young's modulus and major Poisson's ratio of matrix-filled single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs). In this work, both SWNT and its filler material are considered generally cylindrical orthotropic. Analytical solutions are obtained and accordingly reduced to transversely isotropic as well as isotropic cases for both tube and filler materials, and then the results are compared with the existing solutions. For further validation, a 3-D model of a matrix-filled single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) is generated and solved for displacement and strain results...

Regular spiking (RS) and intrinsically bursting (IB) neurons show distinct differences in their inhibitory responses. Under various conditions, the synaptic responses of RS cells display marked inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs), whereas the responses of most IB cells do not (Silva et al: Soc Neurosci Abstr 14:883, 1988; Chagnac-Amitai and Connors: J Neurophysiol 61:747, 62:1149, 1989; Connors and Gutnick: TINS 13:99, 1990). This investigation is designed to determine if differences in the inhibitory responses of RS versus IB cells are reflected in differences in the concentration of inhibitory synapses onto their somata. RS and IB neurons in rat somatosensory cortex were identified by using intracellular recording and labeling, examined with the lig...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInfluence of micellization on complexing properties of amphiphilic ligands toward metal ionsYves Chevalier and Claude ChachatyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 5, 1102–1107Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1985https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00291a003RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views99Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculate...

Primary cutaneous CD4+ small/medium pleomorphic T-cell lymphoma (CD4+ PCSM-TCL) is a rare T-cell lymphoma. It is characterized by an indolent disease course with a favorable prognosis. This study is to characterize its response to local treatment modalities. We retrospectively reviewed patients diagnosed with CD4+ PCSM-TCL who were treated at Moffitt Cancer Center. Patient characteristics, clinicopathological features, treatment modalities, and clinical outcomes were collected. A total of 11 patients with CD3 and CD4 positive PCSM-TCL were identified. 63.6% presented with solitary lesions. The majority of patients were White (90.9%) with a median age of 70 years (range 45-81 years). No patient had systemic disease. All patients received local treatment inclu...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHomotropenylium cation revisited: POAV and 3D-HMO analysisR. C. HaddonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 4, 1108–1112Publication Date (Print):February 17, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 17 February 1988https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00212a019RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views136Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more info...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMERCURY DERIVATIVES OF PHTHALEINS.1Edwin C. WhiteCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1920, 42, 11, 2355–2366Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1920Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1920https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01456a031RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views90Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref c...

We report on experimentally determined and computationally predicted diastereoselectivities of (a) multicomponent crotylation (MCC) reactions of simple aliphatic aldehydes and ketones and (b) of acetal substitution (AS) reactions of aldehyde dimethyl acetals with E- and Z-configurated crotyl trimethylsilane to give homoallylic methyl ethers bearing two newly formed stereogenic centers. We found that corresponding MCC and AS reactions give nearly equal syn/anti ratios. While the crotylations of acetaldehyde and propionaldehyde mainly result in the syn product for E-configurated silane and in the anti product for Z-configurated silane, the syn product is found as main product for the crotylation of pivaldehyde regardless of substrate double bond geometry. Usin...

In this study, the effectiveness of different pre-treatment methods for the breakings of seed dormancy in Berchemia discolour Hemsley seeds was assessed. Viable seeds were randomly sampled and subjected to different pre-treatment methods which include filing, soaking in 98% concentrated sulphuric acid, pre-chilling and boiling. For each treatment, ten seeds were used and three replications were done for each treatment. The investigation revealed that filing enhances seed germination and seed dormancy is likely due to the hard seed coat which has to be weakened or broken gently to avoid embryo damage, thus facilitating germination. Although, filing caused seeds to germinate, the mean germination rate of 13.3% that was achieved is too low to make this investig...

Transient absorption and time-resolved microwave studies have been carried out on a series of D(onor)2−[bridge]−D(onor)1−[bridge]−A(cceptor) compounds, in which a dimethoxynaphthalene (DMN) primary donor (D1) and a dicyanovinyl (DCV) acceptor are separated by a rigid norbornylogous bridge eight σ-bonds in length and an N,N-dimethylaniline secondary donor (D2) is separated from D1 by a norbornylogous bridge of variable length (four, six, or eight σ-bonds). The identity of the charge-separated state populated upon photoexcitation, i.e., from D1 to A or from D2 to A, depends on the solvent polarity and the length of the bridge separating both donor chromophores. It was found that the final charge-separated state is formed on a (sub)nanosecond time sca...

The circadian mechanism underlies daily rhythms in cardiovascular physiology and rhythm disruption is a major risk factor for heart disease and worse outcomes. However, the role of circadian rhythms is generally clinically unappreciated. Clock is a core component of the circadian mechanism and here we examine the role of Clock as a vital determinant of cardiac physiology and pathophysiology in aging. ClockΔ19/Δ19 mice develop age-dependent increases in heart weight, hypertrophy, dilation, impaired contractility, and reduced myogenic responsiveness. Young ClockΔ19/Δ19 hearts express dysregulated mRNAs and miRNAs in the PTEN-AKT signal pathways important for cardiac hypertrophy. We found a rhythm in the Pten gene and PTEN protein in WT hearts; rhythmic osc...

Genes encoding ciprofloxacin resistance in enterococci in animals may be transferred to bacteria in the animal gut and to zoonotic bacteria where they could pose a human health hazard. The objective of this study was to characterize antimicrobial resistance in high-level ciprofloxacin-resistant (HLCR) Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium isolated from retail chicken meat. A total of 345 enterococci (335 E. faecalis and 10 E. faecium) were isolated from 200 chicken meat samples. Of these, 85 E. faecalis isolates and 1 E. faecium isolate were confirmed as HLCR enterococci. All 86 HLCR enterococci displayed gyrA- parC point mutations consisting of S83I-S80I (94.2%, 81 isolates), S83F-S80I (2.3%, 2 isolates), S83Y-S80I (2.3%, 2 isolates), and S83Y-S80F...

Abstract The effects of employing perforations of circular shape in circular finned-tube heat exchangers (CFTHEs) are numerically investigated in the present study using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software. Simulations performed on the validated CFD model shows considerable increase in the Average Nusselt Number for perforated circular finned-tube heat exchangers (PCFTHEs) as compared to their solid counterpart, with only a slight increase in Euler Number for 10,000 ≤ Re ≤ 50,000. Diameter of perforations ( d p ) is kept equal to 6mm and optimum range of number of perforations per fin ( n p ) by analysis is found to be 16 to 20. For this range, the performance of PCFTHEs improves with the increase in number of perforations per fin. The maximum in...

ARTICLESAlterations in left ventricular dimensions and mural force following coronary occlusionWH Newman, and RP WaltonWH Newman, and RP WaltonPublished Online:01 Jun 1968https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplegacy.1968.214.6.1388MoreSectionsPDF (1 MB)Download PDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesGet permissionsTrack citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInWeChat Previous Back to Top Next Download PDF FiguresReferencesRelatedInformation Cited ByEvaluation of Drug-Induced Alterations in Myocardial ContractilityExperimental myocardial infarctionThe American Journal of Cardiology, Vol. 37, No. 6Cardiovascular effects of a newer antiarrhythmic agent, disopyramide phosphateAmerican Heart Journal, Vol. 84, No. 6Ventricular function following acute alcohol administr...

Abstract Case Presentation A 42-year-old man was transferred to our institution after a high-energy accident (an explosion). He presented second-degree burns on 20% of the total body surface area (TBSA), affecting the lower hemiabdomen and the lower right limb. He also presented a supraintercondylar open fracture of the right femur (Gustilo I). The burns were treated with debridement and coverage with mesh graft, while the fracture required an early transitory transarticular external fixation with delayed definitive osteosynthesis. Our patient presented good local and systemic evolution. We can offer a eleven-month follow-up. Discussion The literature supports that the combination of trauma and burn injuries is a relatively rare pattern, which may explain th...

Fixated pedophilic sexual attraction is considered to be a major determinant of risk among sex offenders, but there is little empirical evidence regarding its treatment. It was hypothesized that two prominent factors which have emerged in the literature as being present among some sexual offenders, namely, impersonal, narcissistic, and predatory patterns of offending against victims, and experiencing childhood sexual abuse, may be related to specifically to the strength of pedophilic interest. Such a relationship would provide a deeper understanding of the corollaries of pedophilic interest and would suggest targets for treatment. These factors were explored in a sample of 532 sexual offenders who attended the National Centre for Risk Assessment in Israel, a...

During our ongoing investigations into the alkoxide and aryloxide chemistry of the early actinide elements, we have isolated and structurally characterized a thorium polyhydride complex supported solely by aryloxide ligands which possesses a highly unusual molecular geometry. We report here initial details of the synthesis, characterization, and solid-state molecular structure of Th{sub 3}H{sub 6}(O-2,6-t-Bu{sub 2}C{sub 6}H{sub 3}){sub 6} (3). The overall molecular structure of 3 comprises a triangular arrangement of three thorium metal centers, in which each face of the trimer is capped by a {mu}{sub 3}-H ligand, and each thorium bears two terminal aryloxide ligands. Four {mu}{sub 2}-H ligands bridging the thorium atoms complete the coordination sphere. 18 ...

The magnetic particle imaging (MPI) performance of collections of chains of magnetic nanoparticles with Néel and Brownian relaxation mechanisms was studied by carrying out simulations based on the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation and rotational Brownian dynamics, respectively. The effect of magnetic dipole-dipole interactions within chains on the time-domain average magnetic dipole moment and corresponding dynamic hysteresis loops, harmonic spectra, and point spread functions (PSFs) of the particle chains was evaluated. The results show that interactions within chains lead to 'square-like' dynamic hysteresis loops and enhanced MPI performance, compared to chains of non-interacting nanoparticles. For nanoparticles with the Brownian relaxation mechanism, subj...

The development of clean and efficient energy conversion and storage systems is becoming increasingly vital as a result of accelerated global energy consumption. Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) as one key class of fuel cells have attracted much attention, owing to their high energy conversion efficiency and low emissions. However, some serious problems appeared because of the scorching operating temperatures of SOFCs (800–1000 °C), such as poor thermomechanical stability and difficult sealing, resulting in a short lifespan and high cost of SOFCs. Therefore, lowering the operating temperature of SOFCs to mid-range and even low range has become one of the main goals for SOFC development in the recent years. Looking for new cathode materials with high electro...

A novel approach to the noncovalent synthesis of molecular necklaces successfully led to the first quantitative self-assembly of a molecular necklace [6]MN, in which five small rings are threaded on a large ring, from 10 components. Our strategy involves the host-guest complex formation between the molecular host cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) and a guest molecule in which an electron donor and an electron acceptor unit are connected by a rigid linker with a proper angle, to form a cyclic oligomer through the host-stabilized intermolecular charge-transfer (CT) complex formation. In the structure of the molecular necklace [6]MN, five molecules of the guest form a cyclic framework by the intermolecular CT interactions, on which five CB[8] molecules are threaded with ...

The study of migration of and tilt boundaries in Ni and the Ni3Al intermetallide is performed by the molecular dynamics method. It is shown that in Ni and Ni3Al, the low-angle boundaries migrate much slower than the boundaries (approximately twice at a temperature of 1700 K) due to the difference in the mechanisms of migration of the low-angle and boundaries. According to the obtained results, the migration rate of similar boundaries in the Ni3Al intermetallide is much lower than in Ni (approximately three times at 1700 K). The reason for this is mainly the additional energy expenditure for the formation of a disordered area in Ni3Al behind the migrating boundary. Due to the relatively low mobility of the boundaries in Ni3Al, the contribution of diffusion di...

This 2020 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations (CoSTR) for neonatal life support includes evidence from 7 systematic reviews, 3 scoping reviews, and 12 evidence updates. The Neonatal Life Support Task Force generally determined by consensus the type of evidence evaluation to perform; the topics for the evidence updates followed consultation with International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation member resuscitation councils. The 2020 CoSTRs for neonatal life support are published either as new statements or, if appropriate, reiterations of existing statements when the task force found they remained valid. Evidence review topics of particular interest include the use o...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTartaric, o-Sulfobenzoic and β-Sulfopropionic Acid Derivatives of Some SulfonamidesV. B. Fish, J. R. Stevens, and R. G. D. MooreCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1947, 69, 6, 1391–1393Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1947Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1947https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01198a046RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views74Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the role of investment in built assets in the achievement of economic growth as part of a wealth measurement approach and to undertake an analysis of the relative importance of such investment as part of a country’s overall capital asset portfolio. Design/methodology/approach Panel data on capital asset investment are used to compare groups of countries at different stages of development. Data sets on investment and capital levels from the Penn World Tables 9.0 are used. Population and gross domestic product data are taken from the same source and the UN Statistics Division. World Bank reports provide data on countries’ income group classification. Findings There is confirmation of the view that, as economie...

Aluminum trihydrate (ATH) is one of the most widely used fillers in solvent-borne coatings and polymer industries. To investigate its performance in powder coatings, four different pigment to binder ratios (P/B) were used in respect to different ATH concentrations in four most widely used resin systems (epoxy, epoxy-polyester, polyurethane and polyester). The angle of repose (AOR) and specific gravity of powder paints increase accordingly with ATH concentration. The mechanical properties, corrosion and UV resistance performances of coating films are enhanced or only slightly decreased with the addition of ATH. Pencil scratch hardness increase significantly with the increase of ATH content. Impact resistance decreases within 5% of the initial resistance at th...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolycyclic fluoranthene hydrocarbons. Part 4. Electrophilic substitution of polycyclic fluoranthene hydrocarbonsMasahiro Minabe, Bongsup P. Cho, and Ronald G. HarveyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 11, 3809–3812Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1989https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00193a008RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views371Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other ar...

Abstract Background Research on sexual homicide of child victims is scarce. Studies focusing on the lethal outcome in sexual crimes involving adult victims suggest that those offenders who end up killing their victims present both specific individual and crimecommission process characteristics. Nevertheless, recent studies indicate that findings with adult victims may not adequately explain the lethal outcome in sexual crimes of children. Objective The purpose of this study is to identify specific combination of offenders, victims and crime-commission process factors associated with a lethal outcome in child sexual abuse. Participants: This study compares and analyzes the characteristics of 646 cases of extrafamilial child abuses with 136 cases of sexual hom...

Measuring innovation in the pharmaceutical industry is challenging. Counts of new molecular entities (NMEs) approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) are commonly used, but this measure only gauges quantity not innovativeness. A new indicator of innovation for small molecule and peptide drugs based on structural novelty is proposed and used to analyze recent trends in pharmaceutical innovation. We show pharmaceutical innovation has significantly increased over the last several decades despite recent concerns over an innovation crisis and find Pioneers (a NME whose shape and scaffold were not used in any previously FDA-approved drugs) are significantly more likely to be the source of promising new therapies. Analysis of the underlying source of struc...