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Python Programming Essentials - M27 - Logging module
Logging is used to track events that occur when software runs. It provides descriptive messages and optional variable data for each event. The Python logging module provides convenience functions for logging. There are different logging levels ranging from DEBUG to CRITICAL depending on the severity of the event. Logging can be configured to log to files and allow setting the logging level and format of logged messages.
In this document
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Introduction to Skillbrew and the speaker, Pavan Verma, focusing on Python programming and the concept of logging.
Definition of logging as tracking events during software execution, with event messages containing variable data.
Overview of Python's logging module, which offers convenience functions for logging.
Detailed explanation of logging levels: DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR, and CRITICAL, their uses and severity.
Default logging level is WARNING; example of how INFO messages don’t appear due to this default setting.
Introduction to configuring logging in Python to output logs to a file using basicConfig.
Further explanation on configuring logging levels during file setup. Example code for logging messages.
How to log messages that contain variable data, with example format usage.
Demonstration of how to display date/time in logging messages using basicConfig format.
Example of changing the format of displayed log messages, highlighting how to customize output.
Summary of key concepts covered in the presentation related to logging in Python.
Providing a reference link for additional information on Python logging tutorials.
Python Programming Essentials - M27 - Logging module
- 1. http://www.skillbrew.com /Skillbrew Talent brewed bythe industry itself Logging Pavan Verma @YinYangPavan 1 Founder, P3 InfoTech Solutions Pvt. Ltd. Python Programming Essentials
- 2. © SkillBrew http://skillbrew.com Whatis logging Logging means tracking of events that happen when some software runs An event is described by a descriptive message which can optionally contain variable data (i.e. data that is potentially different for each occurrence of the event) 2
- 3. © SkillBrew http://skillbrew.com Loggingmodule Python provides a logging module which provides a set of convenience functions for logging usage 3
- 4. © SkillBrew http://skillbrew.com Logginglevels Level When it is used DEBUG Detailed information, typically of interest only when diagnosing problems INFO Confirmation that things are working as expected WARNING An indication that something unexpected happened, or indicative of some problem in the near future (e.g. ‘disk space low’) ERROR Due to a more serious problem, the software has not been able to perform some function CRITICAL A serious error, indicating that the program itself may be unable to continue running 4
- 5. © SkillBrew http://skillbrew.com Defaultlogging level The INFO message doesn’t appear because the default level is WARNING >>> import logging >>> logging.warning('warning message') WARNING:root:warning message >>> logging.info('this is info') 5
- 6. © SkillBrew http://skillbrew.com Loggingto a file basicConfig() does basic configuration for the logging system import logging logging.basicConfig(filename='example.log',level=logging .DEBUG) logging.debug('This message should go to the log file') logging.info('So should this') logging.warning('And this, too') 6
- 7. © SkillBrew http://skillbrew.com Settingup the Logging level While setting up the configuration you can set the logging level import logging logging.basicConfig(filename='example.log',level=logging .DEBUG) logging.debug('This message should go to the log file') logging.info('So should this') logging.warning('And this, too') 7
- 8. © SkillBrew http://skillbrew.com Loggingvariable data import logging logging.basicConfig(filename='example.log') logging.warning(‘{0} before you {1}‘.format('look', 'leap')) WARNING:root:look before you leap Contents of example.log level user message 8
- 9. © SkillBrew http://skillbrew.com Displayingthe date/time in messages import logging logging.basicConfig(format='%(asctime)s %(message)s') logging.warning('is when this event was logged.') Output: 2013-10-28 03:26:13,832 is when this event was logged. 9
- 10. © SkillBrew http://skillbrew.com Changingthe format of displayed messages import logging logging.basicConfig(format='%(levelname)s:%(message)s') logging.warning('And this, too') Output: WARNING:And this, too 10
- 11. © SkillBrew http://skillbrew.com Summary What is logging Logging module introduction Logging levels Default logging level Logging to a file Setting up the logging level Logging variable data Display date/time in messages Changing format of messages 11
- 12. © SkillBrew http://skillbrew.com References http://docs.python.org/2/howto/logging.html #logging-basic-tutorial 12