PHP XML

PHP XML

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  VISION ACADEMY (BCA,BBA(CA),BCS,MCA) XML WithTeacher Sachin Zurange
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  WHA T ISX ML? • XML stands for Extensible Markup Language • XML is a markup language much like HTML •XML is text-based markup language that enables to store data in structure format by using meaningful tags. •XML tags are not predefined. You must define your own tags • XML is designed to be self-descriptive •XML is a W3C (World Wide Web Consortium Recommendation
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  Feature of XML 1.XMLSeparates Data from HTML if you need to display dynamic data in your HTML document, it will take a lot of work to edit the HTML each time the data changes. With XML, data can be stored in separate XML files. This way you can concentrate on using HTML/CSS for display and layout, and be sure that changes in the underlying data will not require any changes to the HTML. With a few lines of JavaScript code, you can read an external XML file and update the data content of your web page. 2XML Simplifies Data Sharing In the real world, computer systems and atabases contain data in incompatible formats.XML data is stored in plain text format. This provides a software and hardware-independent way of storing data. This makes it much easier to create data that can be shared by different applications.
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  XML DOCUMENT STRUCTUREOR COMPONENENT OF XML DOCUMENT PROLOG SECTION Document Prolog comes at the top of the document, before the root element. This section contains − • XML declaration • Document type declaration XML DECLARATION XML declaration contains details that prepare an XML processor to parse the XML document. It is optional, but when used, it must appear in the first line of the XML document. <?xml version = "version_number" encoding = "encoding_declaration" ?> It defines the XML version (1.0) and the encoding information such as ISO-8859- 1,UTF-8,UTF-16 e.g <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO- 8859-1"?>
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  Document Elements Section DOCUMENTELEMENTS ARE THE BUILDING BLOCKS OF XML. ELEMENTS CAN BEHAVE AS CONTAINERS TO HOLD TEXT, ELEMENTS, ATTRIBUTES ETC <ELEMENT-NAME ATTRIBUTE1 ATTRIBUTE2> ....CONTENT </ELEMENT- NAME> •ELEMENT-NAME IS THE NAME OF THE ELEMENT. THE NAME ITS CASE IN THE START AND END TAGS MUST MATCH. A MA RKUP CONSTRUCT THA T BEGINS WITH <A ND ENDS WITH >. TA GS COME IN THREE WA YS •START-TAGS; FOR EXAMPLE: <SECTION> •END-TAGS; FOR EXAMPLE: </SECTION> •EMPTY-ELEMENT TAGS; FOR EXAMPLE: <SECTION/> •ATTRIBUTE1, ATTRIBUTE2 ARE ATTRIBUTES OF THE ELEMENT SEPARATED BY WHITE SPACES. AN ATTRIBUTE DEFINES A PROPERTY OF THE ELEMENT. IT ASSOCIATES A NAME WITH A VALUE, WHICH IS A STRING OF CHARACTERS. AN ATTRIBUTE IS WRITTEN AS NAME=”VALUE”
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  XML SYNTAX RULES 1All XML Elements Must Have a Closing Tag In HTML, some elements do not have to have a closing tag: <p>This is a paragraph.In XML, it is illegal to omit the closing tag. All elements must have a closing tag:<p>This is a paragraph.</p> 2.XML Tags are Case Sensitive XML tags are case sensitive. The tag <Letter> is different from the tag <letter>.Opening and closing tags must be written with the same case:<Message>This is incorrect</message> <message>This is c orrect</message> 3.XML Elements Must be Properly Nested In HTML, you might see improperly nested elements:<b><i>This text is bold and italic</b></i> In XML, all elements must be properly nested within each other:<b><i>This text is bold and italic</i></b 4.XML Documents Must Have a Root Element XML documents must contain one element that is the parent of all other elements. This element is called the root element.<root> <child> <subchild>.....</subchild> </child> </root>
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  XML 2 typeof reference 1. Entity References: Some characters have a special meaning in XML. If you place a character like "<" inside an XML element, it will generate an error because the parser interprets it as the start of a new element. 2.Character References: A character reference gives the number of the particular Unicode character it stands for, in eit her decimal or hexadecimal. Dec imal character references look like &# hexadecimal character references have an extra x after the &#&#;, that is, they look like &#
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  APPLICATION OF XML 1.Webpublishing X ML allows the developers to save the data into X ML files & use X SLT transformation API’S to generate content in the required format such as HTML, XHTML 2. Web Searching It can use XML data & then search the data from the XML file & display it to the user 3. Data Transfer It can use XML to save configuration or business data for our application 4. Created Other languages Many language are created using XML such as WML
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  Email Address sachin.zurange@gmail.com Mobile Number (9822506209/9823037693) ConsultationHours 4 PM to 6 PM QUESTIONS? CLA RIFICA TIONS? Please feel free to contact me, Teacher Sachin Zurange through email or phone.