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Object Oriented Programming Concepts Using C++
- 1. BASIC CONCEPTS OFOBJECTS ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
- 2. An approachthat provides a way of modularizing programs by creating partitioned memory area for both data and functions that can be used as templates for creating copies of such modules on demand. Object Oriented Programming (OOP)
- 3. BASIC CONCEPTS OFOBJECTS ORIENTED PROGRAMMING OOP Objects Classes Data Abstracti on and Encapsul ation Inheritan ce Polymor phism Dynamic Binding Message Passing
- 4. Objects arethe basic run-time entities in an object-oriented system. They may represent a person, a place, a bank account, a table of data or any item that the program must handle. The fundamental idea behind object oriented approach is to combine both data and function into a single unit and these units are called objects. Objects means a combination of data and program that represent some real word entity. Objects
- 5. The entireset of data and code of an object can be made a user-defined data type with the help of a class. Objects are variables of the type class. Each object is associated with the data of type class with which they are created. A class is thus a collection of objects of similar type. Classes
- 6. Abstraction refersto the act of representing essential features without including the background details or explanations. Classes use the concept of abstraction and are defined as a list of abstract attributes such as size , weight and cost and functions to operate on these attributes. The attributes are sometimes called data members because they hold information. The functions that operate on these data are called member functions. Abstraction
- 7. The wrappingup of data and functions in to a single unit is known as encapsulation. The data is not accessible to the outside world and only those functions which are wrapped in the class can access it. This insulation of data from the direct access by the program is called data hiding or information hiding. Encapsulation
- 8. Inheritance isthe process by which objects of one class acquire the properties of another class. Inheritance provides the idea of reusability. This mean that we can add additional features to an existing class with out modifying it. This is possible by designing a new class will have the combined features of both the classes. Inheritance
- 9. Polymorphism meansthe ability to take more than one form . An operation may exhibit different behaviour in different instances. The behaviour depends up on the types of data used in the operation. The concepts of polymorphism are Operator overloading and Function overloading. For two numbers, the operator + will give the sum. If the operands are strings, then the operation would produce a third string by concatenation . Thus the process of making an operator to exhibit different behaviours in different instances is known as operator overloading. Similarly, we can use a single function to perform different tasks which is known as function overloading. Polymorphism
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- 11. Dynamic bindingmeans that the code associated with a given procedure call is not known until the time of the call at run-time. It is associated with polymorphism concept. Dynamic Binding
- 12. OOP consistsof a set of objects that communicate with each other by sending and receiving information . A message for an object is a request for execution of a procedure and therefore will invoke a function in the receiving object that generates the desired result. Message Passing