IoT Networking

IoT Networking

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  1 Introduction: IoT Networking- PartI Dr. Sudip Misra Professor Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Email: smisra@sit.iitkgp.ernet.in Website: http://cse.iitkgp.ac.in/~smisra/ Research Lab: cse.iitkgp.ac.in/~smisra/swan/ Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things
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  Introduction  Characteristics ofIoT devices  Low processing power  Small in size  Energy constraints  Networks of IoT devices  Low throughput  High packet loss  Tiny (useful) payload size  Frequent topology change  Classical Internet is not meant for constrained IoT devices. 2Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things
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  Introduction 3Industry 4.0 andIndustrial Internet of Things
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  Introduction 4Introduction to Internetof Things  Analogy  Roots - Communication Protocol and device technologies  Trunk- Architectural Reference Model (ARM)  Leaves – IoT Applications  Goal  To select a minimal set of roots and propose a potential trunk that enables the creation of a maximal set of the leaves. Source: FhG, I. M. L., et al. "Internet of things-architecture iot-a deliverable d1. 3–updated reference model for iot v1. 5."
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  Enabling Classical Internetfor IoT Devices  Proprietary non-IP based solution  Vendor specific gateways  Vendor specific APIs  Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) IP based solution  Three work groups  IPv6 over Low power Wireless Personal Area Networks (6LoWPAN)  Routing Over Low power and Lossy networks (ROLL)  Constrained RESTful Environments (CoRE) 5Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things Source: I. Ishaq, et al. , "IETF standardization in the field of the internet of things (IoT): a survey", J. of Sens. and Act. Netw. 2, vol. 2 (2013): 235-287.
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  Proprietary non-IP basedsolution 6Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things  Drawbacks  Limited flexibility to end users: vendor specific APIs  Interoperability: vendor specific sensors and gateways  Limited last-mile connectivity Source: I. Ishaq, et al. , "IETF standardization in the field of the internet of things (IoT): a survey", J. of Sens. and Act. Netw. 2, vol. 2 (2013): 235-287.
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  IETF IP basedsolution 7Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things  Three work groups  IPv6 over Low power Wireless Personal Area Networks (6LoWPAN)  By header compression and encapsulation it allows IPv6 packets to transmit and receive over IEEE 802.15.4 based networks.  Routing Over Low power and Lossy networks (ROLL)  New routing protocol optimized for saving storage and energy.  Constrained RESTful Environments (CoRE)  Extend the Integration of the IoT devices from network to service level.
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  Constrained RESTful Environments(CoRE) 8Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things
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  CoRE 9Industry 4.0 andIndustrial Internet of Things  Provides a platform for applications meant for constrained IoT devices.  This framework views sensor and actuator resources as web resources.  The framework is limited to applications which  Monitor basic sensors  Supervise actuators  CoAP includes a mechanism for service discovery.
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  CoRE: Service Discovery 10Industry4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things  IoT devices (act as mini web servers) register their resources to Resource Directory (RD) using Registration Interface (RI).  RD, a logical network node, stores the information about a specific set of IoT devices.  RI supports Representational State Transfer (REST) based protocol such as HTTP (and CoAP- optimized for IoT).  IoT client uses Lookup interface for discovery of IoT devices.
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  11Industry 4.0 andIndustrial Internet of Things IoT Network QoS
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  IoT Network QoS Quality-of-service (QoS) of IoT network is the ability to guarantee intended service to IoT applications through controlling the heterogeneous traffic generated by IoT devices.  QoS policies for IoT Network includes  Resource utilization  Data timeliness  Data availability  Data delivery 12Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things Source: Rayes, A., & Salam, S. (2016), "Internet of Things from hype to reality: the road to digitization", Springer.
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  Resource utilization  Requirescontrol on the storage and bandwidth for data reception and transmission.  QoS policies for resource utilization:  Resource limit policy  Controls the amount of message buffering  Useful for memory constrained IoT devices  Time filter policy  Controls the data sampling rate (interarrival time) to avoid buffer overflow  Controls network bandwidth, memory, and processing power 13Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things Source: Rayes, A., & Salam, S. (2016), "Internet of Things from hype to reality: the road to digitization", Springer.
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  Data timeliness  Measureof the freshness of particular information at the receiver end  Important in case of healthcare, industrial and military applications  Data timeliness policies for IoT network include  Deadline policy  Provides maximum interarrival time of data  Drops the stale data; notify the missed deadline to the application end  Latency budget policy  Latency budget is the maximum time difference between the data transmission and reception from source end to the receiver end.  Provides priority to applications having higher urgency 14Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things Source: Rayes, A., & Salam, S. (2016), "Internet of Things from hype to reality: the road to digitization", Springer.
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  Data availability  Measureof the amount of valid data provided by the sender/producer to receiver/consumer  QoS policies for data availability in IoT network include  Durability policy  Controls the degree of data persistence transmitted by the sender  Data persistence ensures the availability of the data to the receiver even after sender is unavailable  Lifespan policy  Controls the duration for which transmitted data is valid  History policy  Controls the number of previous data instances available for the receiver. 15Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things Source: Rayes, A., & Salam, S. (2016), "Internet of Things from hype to reality: the road to digitization", Springer.
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  Data delivery  Measureof successful reception of reliable data from sender to receiver  QoS policies for data delivery include  Reliability policy  Controls the reliability level associated with the data distribution  Transport priority  Allows transmission of data according to its priority level 16Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things Source: Rayes, A., & Salam, S. (2016), "Internet of Things from hype to reality: the road to digitization", Springer.
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  17Introduction to Internetof Things