cpp programing language exercise Vector.ppt

cpp programing language exercise Vector.ppt

• 1.
  Lecture Introduction to Vectors By KamilShaheen
• 2.
  Introduction to vectorin C++ o Vectors are used to store elements of similar data types. However, unlike arrays, the size of a vector can grow dynamically. o we can change the size of the vector during the execution of a program as per our requirements. o To use vectors, we need to include the vector header file in our program. o #include <vector>
• 3.
  Vector Declaration o vector<datatype>vector_name; o The type parameter <dataype> specifies the type of the vector. It can be any data type such as int ,float, char etc… o vector <int> num; o Here num is the name of the vector. o Notice that we have not specified the size of the vector during the declaration. This is because the size of a vector can grow dynamically so it is not necessary to
• 4.
  Vector Initialization  Thereare different ways to initialize a vector in C++.
• 5.
  Method-1  Initializer List vector<int>my_vector1={1,2,3,4,5};  Uniform Initialization vector<int> my_vector2 {1,2,3,4,5}; Here, we are initializing the vector by providing values directly to the vector. Now, both my_vector1, my_vector2 are initialized with values 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Note: There maybe version issue in Dev C++
• 6.
  Method-2  Initialization vector<int> my_vector1(5,12); Here,5 is the size of the vector and 12 is the value. This code creates an int vector with size 5 and initializes the vector with the value of 12. So, the vector is equivalent to: vector<int> my_vector1={12,12,12,12,12};
• 7.
  First Program ofVector
• 8.
  Basic Vector Operations Vectorclass provides various methods to perform different operations on vectors. Here some commonly used vector operations (CRUD): Add elements Access elements Change elements Remove elements
• 9.
  1- Add Elementsto a Vector To add a single element into a vector, we use the push_back() function. It inserts an element into the end of the vector. For example, vector<int> my_vector1={1,2,3,4,5}; my_vector1.push_back(6); my_vector1.push_back(7);
• 10.
  2- Access Elementsof a Vector • In C++, we use the index number to access the vector elements. Here, we use the at() function to access the element from the specified index. For example,
• 12.
  3- Update VectorElement • We can change an element of the vector using the same at() function.
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  4. Delete ElementsVectors •To delete a single element from a vector, we use the pop_back() function. For example,
• 15.
  Vector Functions
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  END