AN INTRODUCTION TO MOBILE APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT

This Course looked into how and when mobile application came into existence, and how they evolve AN INTRODUCTION TO MOBILE APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT

Module 4. APPERY.IO & VERIVO Module 1. MOBILE DEVICES AND MOBILE OPERATING SYSTEM Main Menu Module 5. PhoneGap Module 2. EVOLUTION OF MOBILE APPLICATION Module 6. Build, Package & Distribute your App Module 3. REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF MOBILE APPLICATION

Know the challenges posed by the design, development and deployment of the mobile application and the provided solutions Deploy your Mobile application Develop the mobile application Design your Mobile application Create a prototype of your projected mobile application 05 04 03 02 01 At the end of this course you should be able to: Course Goal

Module 1 MOBILE DEVICES AND MOBILE OPERATING SYSTEM This module is subdivided into three unit: Unit 1: Definition of Major terms Unit 2: History and Evolution of Mobile Devices Unit 3: Mobile Operating System

A mobile device is a handheld computer or smartphone that is made for portability and is therefore both compact and lightweight . Mobile devices typically have a flat LCD or OLED screen, a touchscreen interface, and digital or physical buttons. Examples of mobile devices include smartphones, tablets, e-readers, portable music players, smartwatches, and fitness trackers with smart capabilities . What is a Mobile Device

History and Evolution of Mobile Devices • The early mobile phones are referred to as 0G mobile phones, which was created in the 1973 by Motorola. • Years of addition to the development of mobile device before 2000 are 1926, 1946, 1956, 1969, 1973, 1982, 1985, 1987, 1992, 1996/97, 1998, 1999. some of this years recorded the invention of new mobile devices while other recorded an improvement on the existing devices. • Years of addition from the 2000 gives rise to the development of emoji’s, Whatsapp and all other features we can find in most smartphones today, the remarkable years are 2000, 2003, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2016, 2017

Mobile Operating System A mobile operating system is software that allows smartphones, tablets, and other devices to run applications and programs. It provides an interface between the device's hardware components and its software functions Examples of mobile operating systems include: DEVICES SYSTEM(OS) OPERATING SYSTEM 1. Android Phones AndroidOS 2. iPhones and iPads IOS 3. Blackberries Blackberry OS 4. Bada Samsung 5. Windows Phones Window Mobile 6. Symbian Phones(Nokia) Symbian

J2me Palm OS Psion EPOC Symbian Epoc, Palm Os, Wml and J2ME/JME are software that existed before the advent of the smartphones operating systems Existing Operating System before the Smartphones OS

The beginning of Smartphones Operating system Smartphones are phones that offers features more than receiving of calls, the provide platform for development The first widely known Smartphones are the first phones that uses the Symbian operating system: Erricson, Nokia and Motorola. The WebOS runs on the linus kernel, it’s a proprietary mobile OS which was initially developed by palm, some smart TVs uses this type of OS. The blackberry OS was developed by RIM for blackberry phones The windows phone succeeded the windows mobile and it was launched in 2010 as windows phone 7, it receives an upgrade in 2011 and was launched in October 2012 as windows phone 8 Iphone operating system(IOS) was developed by Apple inc, and distributed for iphones, ipod touch, IPad. Android operating system is an open source OS developed by google

Module 2 Evolution of Mobile Application This module is subdivided into three unit: Unit 1: MOBILE APPLIICATION EXPLAINED Unit 2: TYPES OF MOBILE APPLICATION Unit 3: EVOLUTION OF MOBILE APPLICATION

• A mobile application is any icon you can find on your mobile screen • Time, Calculator, Notebook, Settings are examples of gadget turned into apps for mobile devices. MOBILE APPLICATION

TYPES OF MOBILE APPLICATION There are three basic types of mobile application: 1. Native apps 2. Hybrid apps 3. Web apps: • Native apps are app that are develop for a single operating system. An application developed for Android operating system can’t work on the Iphone operating system while that which is develop for Iphone can’t work on android operating system. • Hybrid apps are two way applications that possesses both the properties of web and native application. • Web application are applications that are run on browser they bookmarked through installation by users, they also possess the characteristics of a native app.

This template will help structure the information. You can use it to create a dictionary of terms used in the course. Definitions THE FIRST SMARTPHONE Before the invention of the popular Android and iphone’s, there exists a smartphone called IBM Simon which was launched in 1994, this phone wasn’t called the smartphones when it was created, it was called Simon Personal Communicator created more than 15 years before the invention of Apple, it was the first phone to merge the function of a cell phone and a PDA. THE SECOND SMARTPHONE In 2002 blackberry smartphone was launched which gives rise to a major accomplishment in the field of mobile application development, this device was developed by Blackberry limited also known as Research in motion, the research in motion are the ones that invent the concept of wireless email. THE THIRD SMARTPHONE The Symbian comes next after the evolution of the blackberry, the Symbian phones are incorporated with the Symbian operating system thus they are called Symbian phones, developed by Symbian Ltd, the operating system is said to have an omnipresent feature they can run on 250 million devices. THE FOURTH SMARTPHONE Then the android’s and iPhone's came with an official apps store called the Google Playstore and the apple store. The apps are easier to access and our lives are much better.

Module 3 REQUIREMENT FOR MOBILE APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT This module is subdivided into three unit: Unit 1: PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE FOR MOBILE APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT Unit 2: BECOMING A MOBILE APPLICATION DEVELOPER Unit 2: DEVELOPING A PRODUCT REQUIREMENT DOCUMENT

HTML: known as the hypertext markup language, it is actually a standard markup language for documents designed to be displayed in a web browser, HTML is a markup language that web browsers use to interpret and compose text, images, and other material into visual or audible web pages. Html Versions Timeline HTML 2 November 24, 1995 HTML 3 January 14, 1997 HTML 4 December 18, 1997 HTML 5 2014 Programming Language for Mobile application Development HTML

Python is purely a high level programming language which is use majorly for web and app development, it helps developers in the translating of code much easier than other language program and it also reduces the cost of program maintenance and development. Programming Language for Mobile application Development PYTHON

Java are the programming language use to create applications on what is generally know as java phones, it is generally use to build small application module or applet for use as part of a webpage. Programming Language for Mobile application Development JAVA

PHP is used to create dynamic websites, web application and all types of mobile apps, it can be used to create GUI, Create Facebook apps, content management systems, creating PDFs, project management tools e.t.c . Programming Language for Mobile application Development PHP

This can be used to design and build amazing apps for android, windows and iOS. It can develop cross-platform mobile apps. It has a low-level memory manipulation Programming Language for Mobile application Development C++

Objective – C is also an object-oriented, general purpose programming language, derived from C, this is the main programming language used by Apple for iOS and OS X. Objective – C is really easy and simple to use, uses dynamic run-time, dynamic typing, and last but not the least, one can use C++ and C while using Objective C Programming Language for Mobile application Development Objective-C

This is a high level programming language which support object oriented and functional programming, Javascript can only be used to develop mobile application when used with CSS, HTML and AJAX , any app built by this programming language can be code and released on all platforms like like IOS, Android, windows e.t.c. Programming Language for Mobile application Development JAVASCRIPT

This is also called C sharp, it is the component and object oriented. The multidimensional programming language is developed by Microsoft. It can be used to build Server applications, games, mobile apps to web services. The programming language has completely been changed by “Xamarin” platform. The xamirin is an app building too that makes the C# uncomplicated for developers to build apps for iOS and Android. Programming Language for Mobile application Development C#

Pearl here is the combination of the pearl 5 and 6, pearl is also a multipurpose programing language as it can be used to build a website, game application, app development, bioinformatics, automation. (ProBytes, 2018) Programming Language for Mobile application Development PEARL

Rust is assembled programming language it Possess a lot of features and it is also a multipurpose programming language, it is incorporated in Mozilla and it is better than the C and C++. Though the Language is still at its developmental stage. (ProBytes, 2018 Programming Language for Mobile application Development RUST

The Kotlin is a simple, easily understandable programing language, its easy usage has attracted so many mobile application developer, and it uses a native language. Programming Language for Mobile application Development Kotlin

Corona is a software development kit developed in 2009 by Corona labs Inc. this software has two operational modes: Corona simulator and corona native. The corona simulator allow you to develop app directly from Corona simulator while Corona Native allows to integrate the LUA code and assets with an Xcode or android studio. Programming Language for Mobile application Development CORONA

This is use for the design of user interface thus it is called user interface markup language, it was originally developed by Nokia, it is usually use to build 3D scene and a very complex application. (Wikipedia, QML, 2010) Programming Language for Mobile application Development QML

BECOMING A MOBILE APPLICATION DEVELOPER • Try a computer science degree (Specialized in mobile application coding) • Choose one of the major platforms (android, IOs, Symbian) • Use online development programs (W3schools, Andromo) • Consider classes in marketing • Develop your own app • Come up with an idea for an app • Focus on usability • Hire the help you need • Don't forget to test it for bugs • Apply for internships • Apply for Positions • Use your experience • Market and profitize your app

DEVELOPING A PRODUCT REQUIREMENT DOCUMENT Mobile App Objectives and product mission • focuses on the problem the mobile application is set to solve • A vision statement defines a clear direction towards the end goal of the mobile app. Create a list of features The first version of your mobile app needs to offer a simple and intuitive user experience. This is a process that requires you to define the product vision, objectives, and themes fully. Some Standard features can include: • Sign-up and login • Onboarding • Splash screen • Navigation • Image galleries • Forms • Social media integration • Social feeds • Product Menus • Shopping carts and payments • Loyalty cards • Booking systems • Calendar integrations • Push Notifications • Native video • Native maps • Device hardware access • App analysis • The list above is just part, it can be subject to individual developer choices. (Armour, 2018)

DEVELOPING A PRODUCT REQUIREMENT DOCUMENT Determine the following within the product/technical specifications for your mobile app requirements document: • What platforms will the app will you use (IOS, Android, or windows) • What operating system versions should support it? • What are your current services, servers, databases? • What are your maintenance needs? Do you need to support it for the future? • How long should the app function before an overhaul is needed? • Do you have current API/services documentation? • Do you have current Apple, Google, or other developer accounts/credentials? • Do you have existing provisioning profiles? • Are there other credentials that are needed or already exist (analytics systems, or Platforms)? (Armour, 2018) Product & Technical specifications

DEVELOPING A PRODUCT REQUIREMENT DOCUMENT You have to identify the platform you want to create for at the initial stage. Either iOS or android. Your mobile app should meet the requirement of the app store you want to launch it on. This can be found on the Apple store submission and Google Play submission. Knowing this requirement at the early stage of development will help in the process of submission at the final stage because on requirement will be made. Choosing a platform and Submission

DEVELOPING A PRODUCT REQUIREMENT DOCUMENT • Icons of supported sizes (iOS: @1x @2x @3x images | Android: mdpi, hdpi, • xhdpi, xxhdpi) • Splash screens of recommended sizes (iOS: @1x @2x @3x images | Android: • mdpi, hdpi, xhdpi, xxhdpi) • Screenshots in the correct dimensions and required languages • App descriptions in required languages • Search keywords in required languages • List of supported devices and OS versions (Armour, 2018) General Assets

DEVELOPING A PRODUCT REQUIREMENT DOCUMENT • iTunes Connect Account access • Marketing URL • Company/Entity Name • Privacy policy • App Store app listing name • App category • Search keywords • Copyright information • Bundle id / SKU • Contact information • Demo account for reviewers • App icon (1024×1024) • Description • App Store distribution provision profile • Support URL • App Store distribution code signing identity • Screenshots (correct sizes based on devices) (Armour, 2018) Apple App Store

EVOLUTION OF MOBILE APPLICATION Before the invention of the popular Android and iphone’s, there exists a smartphone called IBM Simon which was launched in 1994, this phone wasn’t called the smartphones when it was created, it was called Simon Personal Communicator created more than 15 years before the invention of Apple, it was the first phone to merge the function of a cell phone and a PDA.

Module 4 DEVELOPING MOBILE APPLICATION This module is subdivided into three unit: UNIT 1: APPERI.IO UNIT 2: INSTALL PHONEGAP UNIT 3: INSTALL PHONEGAP MOBILE APP DEVELOPER

Appery.io Appery.io is a low-code app development platform that makes it easy to create hybrid mobile apps, web apps and PWAs. Appery is a cloud-based mobile app builder which can be used to create apps for different operating system such as University of Ilorin OER Project Android, IOS. You don’t have to install or download the software because its cloud based, the appery features has a drag and drop components to build the UI (Kroll, 2018) How to build an app in 5 easy steps using Appery.io 1. Choose one of the available templates 2. Use drag & drop to design app UI 3. Connect database and services 4. Preview your app 5. Build a mobile app or deploy a web app

Cross platforms development 1. iOS and Android- With the App Builder, you can create mobile and responsive apps that run on all major device platforms all from a single codebase. 2. Hybrid Apps- Create hybrid apps that behave like native but use common APIs that run consistently across iOS, and Android devices. 3. Responsive Web Apps- It’s easy to build responsive web apps that will run across all device types and screen sizes.

1. Download the latest Mac OS X Installer. 2. Double-click the downloaded file to run the installer. You will initially be prompted with a license agreement to accept: INSTALL PHONEGAP Mac OS X Installation

3. Drag and drop the application into the Applications folder on your Mac as prompted: INSTALL PHONEGAP Mac OS X Installation

4. Next simply open the application and proceed to Step 2 where you will install the PhoneGap Developer App to your mobile device for previewing the apps you build. INSTALL PHONEGAP Mac OS X Installation

1. Download the latest Windows installer. NOTE: If you're unable to run the Windows Installer for some reason, there's also a zip file available that can be used to install PhoneGap Desktop manually. Download the [zip file for the latest release] (https://github.com/phonegap/phonegap- appdesktop/releases) and follow the instructions in the README and INSTALL files within the downloaded zip. 2. Double click the downloaded file to run the installer. You will be prompted with the PhoneGap Desktop Setup Wizard: INSTALL PHONEGAP Windows Installation

3. Accept the license agreement: INSTALL PHONEGAP Windows Installation

4. Select the desired destination for the application and click Next: INSTALL PHONEGAP Windows Installation

5. Select the desired location for the shortcut and click Next INSTALL PHONEGAP Windows Installation

6. Click Install to begin the installation INSTALL PHONEGAP Windows Installation

7. Click finish to close the Setup Wizard: INSTALL PHONEGAP Windows Installation

8. Next simply open the application and proceed to next step below where you will install the PhoneGap Developer App to your mobile device for previewing the apps you build INSTALL PHONEGAP Windows Installation

1. Locate the free PhoneGap Developer app from one of the following supported app marketplaces and install it to your mobile device. 2. Once installed, tap the PhoneGap Developer app icon from your home screen to open it 3. Once installed, move on to the next step where you will create your first PhoneGap app using the tool you selected in step 1. INSTALL PHONEGAP MOBILE APP DEVELOPER

1. Click the plus sign and select Create new PhoneGap project as shown below: 2. You will be prompted with the template list dialog as shown below, where you can choose to create an app based on a sample project. CREATE YOUR APP Create a PhoneGap Project

The first template option in the list is the default Hello World project. It's proven to be the quickest and easiest way to understand the basics of building a mobile PhoneGap app so let's start there. 1. Ensure the radio button next to the Hello World template is selected 2. Click on the green Next button. 3. You will be presented with a screen to enter information about your project. CREATE YOUR APP SELECTING A TEMPLATE

Choose the path on your local hard drive where you want to create the project, a designated name and an optional identifier. Once the information has been entered, click the green Create project button CREATE YOUR APP SELECTING A TEMPLATE

You should now see a view like below, with your new project shown and marked with a left green border, a green play button next to it and a green bar at the bottom. You should also see a server address indicating it's running and the active project. Only one project will be active and running at any time CREATE YOUR APP SELECTING A TEMPLATE

You can leverage your desktop browser to preview and test yours apps first to speed up your initial development process. PREVIEW YOUR APP Preview in a Desktop Browser

In the previous step we created a project and ensured it was running by looking for the green play button to be highlighted and a green bar showing the server address it's running on at the bottom of the PhoneGap Desktop. The screenshot is shown again for reference. Locate the specific server address for your project before moving to the next step. PREVIEW YOUR APP Preview on a Device

Go to your mobile device where the PhoneGap Developer App is running, enter the server address on the main screen and tap Connect. PREVIEW YOUR APP Preview on a Device

You should see the connection occur followed by a success message as shown in the image. If you receive an error of any kind, ensure once again that you are connected to the same network on both your device and computer. PREVIEW YOUR APP Preview on a Device

Once the PhoneGap Developer app connects, it will load and display your application as shown in the image PREVIEW YOUR APP Preview on a Device

AN INTRODUCTION TO MOBILE APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT

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AN INTRODUCTION TO MOBILE APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT