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chromium / external / gitster / git-htmldocs / 600334628294fbcd6406b55a9a17d270371cb7e5 / . / git-show.html
blob: 48e4c721197f1a0e2d952f97cbd5faca0e0a8eba [file] [log] [blame]
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]1<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
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Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]6<meta name="generator" content="AsciiDoc 8.4.5" />
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Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]8<style type="text/css">
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Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]20a {
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Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]27
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Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]31}
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Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]35 color: #083194;
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]36}
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Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]50h1, h2, h3 {
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]51 border-bottom: 2px solid silver;
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Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]54 padding-top: 0.5em;
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Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]62
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Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]77ul, ol, li > p {
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Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]81pre {
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Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]91}
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Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]94span#revnumber, span#revdate, span#revremark {
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]95 font-family: sans-serif;
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Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]114div#preamble {
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Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]118div.tableblock, div.imageblock, div.exampleblock, div.verseblock,
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Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]121 margin-top: 1.5em;
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Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]135 color: #527bbd;
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]136 font-family: sans-serif;
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Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]168div.quoteblock {
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]169 padding-left: 2.0em;
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]170 margin-right: 10%;
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]171}
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]172div.quoteblock > div.attribution {
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Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]174 text-align: right;
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Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]176
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Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]189div.verseblock + div.attribution {
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Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]192
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Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]211div.imageblock div.content { padding-left: 0; }
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]212span.image img { border-style: none; }
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]213a.image:visited { color: white; }
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]214
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Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]224}
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Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]226 margin-top: 0.1em;
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]227}
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Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]232ol.arabic {
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Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]236 list-style-type: lower-alpha;
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Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]238ol.upperalpha {
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Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]254
255div.tableblock > table {
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]256 border: 3px solid #527bbd;
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]257}
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Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]265td > div.verse {
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Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]283
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]284
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Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]286 margin-top: 0.8em;
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Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]289div.hdlist tr {
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Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]291}
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]292dt.hdlist1.strong, td.hdlist1.strong {
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295td.hdlist1 {
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]296 vertical-align: top;
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]297 font-style: normal;
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]298 padding-right: 0.8em;
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]299 color: navy;
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]300}
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]301td.hdlist2 {
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]302 vertical-align: top;
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Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]304div.hdlist.compact tr {
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Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]312
313@media print {
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Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]316
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Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]342/* Overrides for manpage documents */
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355
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359
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]360/* Workarounds for IE6's broken and incomplete CSS2. */
361
362div.sidebar-content {
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364 border: 1px solid silver;
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Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]368 color: #527bbd;
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]369 font-family: sans-serif;
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374
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380
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]381div.quoteblock-attribution {
382 padding-top: 0.5em;
383 text-align: right;
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385
386div.verseblock-content {
387 white-space: pre;
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391 text-align: left;
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]392}
393
394div.exampleblock-content {
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Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]398
399/* IE6 sets dynamically generated links as visited. */
400div#toc a:visited { color: blue; }
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]401</style>
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]402</head>
403<body>
404<div id="header">
405<h1>
406git-show(1) Manual Page
407</h1>
408<h2>NAME</h2>
409<div class="sectionbody">
410<p>git-show -
Junio C Hamano7d23f5e2006-12-16 07:44:04[diff] [blame]411 Show various types of objects
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]412</p>
413</div>
414</div>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]415<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]416<div class="sectionbody">
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]417<div class="paragraph"><p><em>git show</em> [options] &lt;object&gt;&#8230;</p></div>
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]418</div>
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]419<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]420<div class="sectionbody">
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]421<div class="paragraph"><p>Shows one or more objects (blobs, trees, tags and commits).</p></div>
422<div class="paragraph"><p>For commits it shows the log message and textual diff. It also
Junio C Hamano7d23f5e2006-12-16 07:44:04[diff] [blame]423presents the merge commit in a special format as produced by
Junio C Hamano1aa40d22010-01-21 17:46:43[diff] [blame]424<em>git diff-tree --cc</em>.</p></div>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]425<div class="paragraph"><p>For tags, it shows the tag message and the referenced objects.</p></div>
426<div class="paragraph"><p>For trees, it shows the names (equivalent to <em>git ls-tree</em>
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]427with --name-only).</p></div>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]428<div class="paragraph"><p>For plain blobs, it shows the plain contents.</p></div>
429<div class="paragraph"><p>The command takes options applicable to the <em>git diff-tree</em> command to
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]430control how the changes the commit introduces are shown.</p></div>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]431<div class="paragraph"><p>This manual page describes only the most frequently used options.</p></div>
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]432</div>
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]433<h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]434<div class="sectionbody">
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]435<div class="dlist"><dl>
436<dt class="hdlist1">
Junio C Hamano9e395072008-07-31 22:11:21[diff] [blame]437&lt;object&gt;&#8230;
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]438</dt>
439<dd>
440<p>
Junio C Hamano9e395072008-07-31 22:11:21[diff] [blame]441 The names of objects to show.
Junio C Hamano2d47c622007-01-18 06:24:10[diff] [blame]442 For a more complete list of ways to spell object names, see
Junio C Hamanoc27b7332010-10-14 04:37:28[diff] [blame]443 "SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in <a href="gitrevisions.html">gitrevisions(7)</a>.
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]444</p>
445</dd>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]446<dt class="hdlist1">
Junio C Hamanod2179ef2010-10-22 04:12:17[diff] [blame]447--pretty[=&lt;format&gt;]
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]448</dt>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]449<dt class="hdlist1">
Junio C Hamanod2179ef2010-10-22 04:12:17[diff] [blame]450--format=&lt;format&gt;
Junio C Hamano0a235222009-03-06 08:21:09[diff] [blame]451</dt>
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]452<dd>
453<p>
Junio C Hamanoa3770f92007-07-25 08:53:33[diff] [blame]454 Pretty-print the contents of the commit logs in a given format,
Junio C Hamano0430e3a2007-05-15 03:13:17[diff] [blame]455 where <em>&lt;format&gt;</em> can be one of <em>oneline</em>, <em>short</em>, <em>medium</em>,
Junio C Hamanoe32ec8b2010-06-02 23:32:31[diff] [blame]456 <em>full</em>, <em>fuller</em>, <em>email</em>, <em>raw</em> and <em>format:&lt;string&gt;</em>. See
457 the "PRETTY FORMATS" section for some additional details for each
458 format. When omitted, the format defaults to <em>medium</em>.
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]459</p>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]460<div class="paragraph"><p>Note: you can specify the default pretty format in the repository
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]461configuration (see <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>).</p></div>
Junio C Hamano0430e3a2007-05-15 03:13:17[diff] [blame]462</dd>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]463<dt class="hdlist1">
Junio C Hamanoee695f22007-06-21 00:35:36[diff] [blame]464--abbrev-commit
465</dt>
466<dd>
467<p>
468 Instead of showing the full 40-byte hexadecimal commit object
Junio C Hamano6efe3022009-01-13 16:47:56[diff] [blame]469 name, show only a partial prefix. Non default number of
Junio C Hamanoee695f22007-06-21 00:35:36[diff] [blame]470 digits can be specified with "--abbrev=&lt;n&gt;" (which also modifies
471 diff output, if it is displayed).
472</p>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]473<div class="paragraph"><p>This should make "--pretty=oneline" a whole lot more readable for
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]474people using 80-column terminals.</p></div>
Junio C Hamanoee695f22007-06-21 00:35:36[diff] [blame]475</dd>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]476<dt class="hdlist1">
Junio C Hamano0a235222009-03-06 08:21:09[diff] [blame]477--oneline
478</dt>
479<dd>
480<p>
481 This is a shorthand for "--pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit"
482 used together.
483</p>
484</dd>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]485<dt class="hdlist1">
Junio C Hamano0430e3a2007-05-15 03:13:17[diff] [blame]486--encoding[=&lt;encoding&gt;]
487</dt>
488<dd>
489<p>
490 The commit objects record the encoding used for the log message
491 in their encoding header; this option can be used to tell the
492 command to re-code the commit log message in the encoding
493 preferred by the user. For non plumbing commands this
494 defaults to UTF-8.
495</p>
496</dd>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]497<dt class="hdlist1">
Junio C Hamano60033462011-05-03 00:48:43[diff] [blame^]498--notes[=&lt;ref&gt;]
Junio C Hamano57827fb2010-01-23 03:02:50[diff] [blame]499</dt>
500<dd>
501<p>
502 Show the notes (see <a href="git-notes.html">git-notes(1)</a>) that annotate the
503 commit, when showing the commit log message. This is the default
504 for <tt>git log</tt>, <tt>git show</tt> and <tt>git whatchanged</tt> commands when
Junio C Hamano60033462011-05-03 00:48:43[diff] [blame^]505 there is no <tt>--pretty</tt>, <tt>--format</tt> nor <tt>--oneline</tt> option given
506 on the command line.
Junio C Hamano57827fb2010-01-23 03:02:50[diff] [blame]507</p>
Junio C Hamano60033462011-05-03 00:48:43[diff] [blame^]508<div class="paragraph"><p>By default, the notes shown are from the notes refs listed in the
509<em>core.notesRef</em> and <em>notes.displayRef</em> variables (or corresponding
510environment overrides). See <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a> for more details.</p></div>
511<div class="paragraph"><p>With an optional <em>&lt;ref&gt;</em> argument, show this notes ref instead of the
512default notes ref(s). The ref is taken to be in <tt>refs/notes/</tt> if it
513is not qualified.</p></div>
514<div class="paragraph"><p>Multiple --notes options can be combined to control which notes are
515being displayed. Examples: "--notes=foo" will show only notes from
516"refs/notes/foo"; "--notes=foo --notes" will show both notes from
517"refs/notes/foo" and from the default notes ref(s).</p></div>
Junio C Hamano31667362010-03-25 00:38:53[diff] [blame]518</dd>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]519<dt class="hdlist1">
Junio C Hamano60033462011-05-03 00:48:43[diff] [blame^]520--no-notes
521</dt>
522<dd>
523<p>
524 Do not show notes. This negates the above <tt>--notes</tt> option, by
525 resetting the list of notes refs from which notes are shown.
526 Options are parsed in the order given on the command line, so e.g.
527 "--notes --notes=foo --no-notes --notes=bar" will only show notes
528 from "refs/notes/bar".
529</p>
530</dd>
531<dt class="hdlist1">
532--show-notes[=&lt;ref&gt;]
533</dt>
534<dt class="hdlist1">
Junio C Hamano31667362010-03-25 00:38:53[diff] [blame]535--[no-]standard-notes
536</dt>
537<dd>
538<p>
Junio C Hamano60033462011-05-03 00:48:43[diff] [blame^]539 These options are deprecated. Use the above --notes/--no-notes
540 options instead.
Junio C Hamano31667362010-03-25 00:38:53[diff] [blame]541</p>
Junio C Hamano57827fb2010-01-23 03:02:50[diff] [blame]542</dd>
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]543</dl></div>
Junio C Hamano0430e3a2007-05-15 03:13:17[diff] [blame]544</div>
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]545<h2 id="_pretty_formats">PRETTY FORMATS</h2>
Junio C Hamano0430e3a2007-05-15 03:13:17[diff] [blame]546<div class="sectionbody">
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]547<div class="paragraph"><p>If the commit is a merge, and if the pretty-format
Junio C Hamano0430e3a2007-05-15 03:13:17[diff] [blame]548is not <em>oneline</em>, <em>email</em> or <em>raw</em>, an additional line is
549inserted before the <em>Author:</em> line. This line begins with
550"Merge: " and the sha1s of ancestral commits are printed,
551separated by spaces. Note that the listed commits may not
552necessarily be the list of the <strong>direct</strong> parent commits if you
553have limited your view of history: for example, if you are
554only interested in changes related to a certain directory or
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]555file.</p></div>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]556<div class="paragraph"><p>There are several built-in formats, and you can define
Junio C Hamanoa574a092010-06-13 19:57:10[diff] [blame]557additional formats by setting a pretty.&lt;name&gt;
558config option to either another format name, or a
559<em>format:</em> string, as described below (see
560<a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>). Here are the details of the
561built-in formats:</p></div>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]562<div class="ulist"><ul>
Junio C Hamanoa340aaa2006-11-23 02:47:33[diff] [blame]563<li>
564<p>
565<em>oneline</em>
566</p>
567<div class="literalblock">
568<div class="content">
569<pre><tt>&lt;sha1&gt; &lt;title line&gt;</tt></pre>
570</div></div>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]571<div class="paragraph"><p>This is designed to be as compact as possible.</p></div>
Junio C Hamanoa340aaa2006-11-23 02:47:33[diff] [blame]572</li>
573<li>
574<p>
575<em>short</em>
576</p>
577<div class="literalblock">
578<div class="content">
579<pre><tt>commit &lt;sha1&gt;
580Author: &lt;author&gt;</tt></pre>
581</div></div>
582<div class="literalblock">
583<div class="content">
584<pre><tt>&lt;title line&gt;</tt></pre>
585</div></div>
586</li>
587<li>
588<p>
589<em>medium</em>
590</p>
591<div class="literalblock">
592<div class="content">
593<pre><tt>commit &lt;sha1&gt;
594Author: &lt;author&gt;
Junio C Hamano6a3c8272008-12-19 21:38:18[diff] [blame]595Date: &lt;author date&gt;</tt></pre>
Junio C Hamanoa340aaa2006-11-23 02:47:33[diff] [blame]596</div></div>
597<div class="literalblock">
598<div class="content">
599<pre><tt>&lt;title line&gt;</tt></pre>
600</div></div>
601<div class="literalblock">
602<div class="content">
603<pre><tt>&lt;full commit message&gt;</tt></pre>
604</div></div>
605</li>
606<li>
607<p>
608<em>full</em>
609</p>
610<div class="literalblock">
611<div class="content">
612<pre><tt>commit &lt;sha1&gt;
613Author: &lt;author&gt;
614Commit: &lt;committer&gt;</tt></pre>
615</div></div>
616<div class="literalblock">
617<div class="content">
618<pre><tt>&lt;title line&gt;</tt></pre>
619</div></div>
620<div class="literalblock">
621<div class="content">
622<pre><tt>&lt;full commit message&gt;</tt></pre>
623</div></div>
624</li>
625<li>
626<p>
627<em>fuller</em>
628</p>
629<div class="literalblock">
630<div class="content">
631<pre><tt>commit &lt;sha1&gt;
Junio C Hamano6a3c8272008-12-19 21:38:18[diff] [blame]632Author: &lt;author&gt;
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]633AuthorDate: &lt;author date&gt;
Junio C Hamano6a3c8272008-12-19 21:38:18[diff] [blame]634Commit: &lt;committer&gt;
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]635CommitDate: &lt;committer date&gt;</tt></pre>
Junio C Hamanoa340aaa2006-11-23 02:47:33[diff] [blame]636</div></div>
637<div class="literalblock">
638<div class="content">
639<pre><tt>&lt;title line&gt;</tt></pre>
640</div></div>
641<div class="literalblock">
642<div class="content">
643<pre><tt>&lt;full commit message&gt;</tt></pre>
644</div></div>
645</li>
646<li>
647<p>
648<em>email</em>
649</p>
650<div class="literalblock">
651<div class="content">
652<pre><tt>From &lt;sha1&gt; &lt;date&gt;
653From: &lt;author&gt;
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]654Date: &lt;author date&gt;
Junio C Hamanoa340aaa2006-11-23 02:47:33[diff] [blame]655Subject: [PATCH] &lt;title line&gt;</tt></pre>
656</div></div>
657<div class="literalblock">
658<div class="content">
Junio C Hamano0430e3a2007-05-15 03:13:17[diff] [blame]659<pre><tt>&lt;full commit message&gt;</tt></pre>
Junio C Hamanoa340aaa2006-11-23 02:47:33[diff] [blame]660</div></div>
661</li>
662<li>
663<p>
664<em>raw</em>
665</p>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]666<div class="paragraph"><p>The <em>raw</em> format shows the entire commit exactly as
Junio C Hamanoa340aaa2006-11-23 02:47:33[diff] [blame]667stored in the commit object. Notably, the SHA1s are
668displayed in full, regardless of whether --abbrev or
669--no-abbrev are used, and <em>parents</em> information show the
670true parent commits, without taking grafts nor history
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]671simplification into account.</p></div>
Junio C Hamanoa340aaa2006-11-23 02:47:33[diff] [blame]672</li>
Junio C Hamanoa3fd83c2007-03-02 10:34:36[diff] [blame]673<li>
674<p>
Junio C Hamanoe32ec8b2010-06-02 23:32:31[diff] [blame]675<em>format:&lt;string&gt;</em>
Junio C Hamanoa3fd83c2007-03-02 10:34:36[diff] [blame]676</p>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]677<div class="paragraph"><p>The <em>format:&lt;string&gt;</em> format allows you to specify which information
Junio C Hamanoa3fd83c2007-03-02 10:34:36[diff] [blame]678you want to show. It works a little bit like printf format,
679with the notable exception that you get a newline with <em>%n</em>
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]680instead of <em>\n</em>.</p></div>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]681<div class="paragraph"><p>E.g, <em>format:"The author of %h was %an, %ar%nThe title was &gt;&gt;%s&lt;&lt;%n"</em>
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]682would show something like this:</p></div>
Junio C Hamano0430e3a2007-05-15 03:13:17[diff] [blame]683<div class="listingblock">
684<div class="content">
685<pre><tt>The author of fe6e0ee was Junio C Hamano, 23 hours ago
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]686The title was &gt;&gt;t4119: test autocomputing -p&lt;n&gt; for traditional diff input.&lt;&lt;</tt></pre>
Junio C Hamano0430e3a2007-05-15 03:13:17[diff] [blame]687</div></div>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]688<div class="paragraph"><p>The placeholders are:</p></div>
689<div class="ulist"><ul>
Junio C Hamanoa3fd83c2007-03-02 10:34:36[diff] [blame]690<li>
691<p>
692<em>%H</em>: commit hash
693</p>
694</li>
695<li>
696<p>
697<em>%h</em>: abbreviated commit hash
698</p>
699</li>
700<li>
701<p>
702<em>%T</em>: tree hash
703</p>
704</li>
705<li>
706<p>
707<em>%t</em>: abbreviated tree hash
708</p>
709</li>
710<li>
711<p>
712<em>%P</em>: parent hashes
713</p>
714</li>
715<li>
716<p>
717<em>%p</em>: abbreviated parent hashes
718</p>
719</li>
720<li>
721<p>
722<em>%an</em>: author name
723</p>
724</li>
725<li>
726<p>
Junio C Hamano8bc410e2009-02-15 10:38:19[diff] [blame]727<em>%aN</em>: author name (respecting .mailmap, see <a href="git-shortlog.html">git-shortlog(1)</a> or <a href="git-blame.html">git-blame(1)</a>)
Junio C Hamanof5a93622008-07-16 03:23:57[diff] [blame]728</p>
729</li>
730<li>
731<p>
Junio C Hamanoa3fd83c2007-03-02 10:34:36[diff] [blame]732<em>%ae</em>: author email
733</p>
734</li>
735<li>
736<p>
Junio C Hamano8bc410e2009-02-15 10:38:19[diff] [blame]737<em>%aE</em>: author email (respecting .mailmap, see <a href="git-shortlog.html">git-shortlog(1)</a> or <a href="git-blame.html">git-blame(1)</a>)
738</p>
739</li>
740<li>
741<p>
Junio C Hamanoa387df32008-08-29 08:56:58[diff] [blame]742<em>%ad</em>: author date (format respects --date= option)
Junio C Hamanoa3fd83c2007-03-02 10:34:36[diff] [blame]743</p>
744</li>
745<li>
746<p>
747<em>%aD</em>: author date, RFC2822 style
748</p>
749</li>
750<li>
751<p>
752<em>%ar</em>: author date, relative
753</p>
754</li>
755<li>
756<p>
757<em>%at</em>: author date, UNIX timestamp
758</p>
759</li>
760<li>
761<p>
Junio C Hamano02f130b2007-07-14 08:26:56[diff] [blame]762<em>%ai</em>: author date, ISO 8601 format
763</p>
764</li>
765<li>
766<p>
Junio C Hamanoa3fd83c2007-03-02 10:34:36[diff] [blame]767<em>%cn</em>: committer name
768</p>
769</li>
770<li>
771<p>
Junio C Hamano8bc410e2009-02-15 10:38:19[diff] [blame]772<em>%cN</em>: committer name (respecting .mailmap, see <a href="git-shortlog.html">git-shortlog(1)</a> or <a href="git-blame.html">git-blame(1)</a>)
Junio C Hamanof5a93622008-07-16 03:23:57[diff] [blame]773</p>
774</li>
775<li>
776<p>
Junio C Hamanoa3fd83c2007-03-02 10:34:36[diff] [blame]777<em>%ce</em>: committer email
778</p>
779</li>
780<li>
781<p>
Junio C Hamano8bc410e2009-02-15 10:38:19[diff] [blame]782<em>%cE</em>: committer email (respecting .mailmap, see <a href="git-shortlog.html">git-shortlog(1)</a> or <a href="git-blame.html">git-blame(1)</a>)
783</p>
784</li>
785<li>
786<p>
Junio C Hamanoa3fd83c2007-03-02 10:34:36[diff] [blame]787<em>%cd</em>: committer date
788</p>
789</li>
790<li>
791<p>
792<em>%cD</em>: committer date, RFC2822 style
793</p>
794</li>
795<li>
796<p>
797<em>%cr</em>: committer date, relative
798</p>
799</li>
800<li>
801<p>
802<em>%ct</em>: committer date, UNIX timestamp
803</p>
804</li>
805<li>
806<p>
Junio C Hamano02f130b2007-07-14 08:26:56[diff] [blame]807<em>%ci</em>: committer date, ISO 8601 format
808</p>
809</li>
810<li>
811<p>
Junio C Hamano5e4d8de2008-09-19 06:27:02[diff] [blame]812<em>%d</em>: ref names, like the --decorate option of <a href="git-log.html">git-log(1)</a>
813</p>
814</li>
815<li>
816<p>
Junio C Hamanoa3fd83c2007-03-02 10:34:36[diff] [blame]817<em>%e</em>: encoding
818</p>
819</li>
820<li>
821<p>
822<em>%s</em>: subject
823</p>
824</li>
825<li>
826<p>
Junio C Hamano5f9a6f02009-04-06 08:26:56[diff] [blame]827<em>%f</em>: sanitized subject line, suitable for a filename
828</p>
829</li>
830<li>
831<p>
Junio C Hamanoa3fd83c2007-03-02 10:34:36[diff] [blame]832<em>%b</em>: body
833</p>
834</li>
835<li>
836<p>
Junio C Hamanocb39aea2010-05-09 07:24:48[diff] [blame]837<em>%B</em>: raw body (unwrapped subject and body)
838</p>
839</li>
840<li>
841<p>
Junio C Hamano3b70d3c2009-11-21 17:37:37[diff] [blame]842<em>%N</em>: commit notes
843</p>
844</li>
845<li>
846<p>
Junio C Hamanoc21ab052009-10-31 04:03:55[diff] [blame]847<em>%gD</em>: reflog selector, e.g., <tt>refs/stash@{1}</tt>
848</p>
849</li>
850<li>
851<p>
852<em>%gd</em>: shortened reflog selector, e.g., <tt>stash@{1}</tt>
853</p>
854</li>
855<li>
856<p>
857<em>%gs</em>: reflog subject
858</p>
859</li>
860<li>
861<p>
Junio C Hamanoa3fd83c2007-03-02 10:34:36[diff] [blame]862<em>%Cred</em>: switch color to red
863</p>
864</li>
865<li>
866<p>
867<em>%Cgreen</em>: switch color to green
868</p>
869</li>
870<li>
871<p>
872<em>%Cblue</em>: switch color to blue
873</p>
874</li>
875<li>
876<p>
877<em>%Creset</em>: reset color
878</p>
879</li>
880<li>
881<p>
Junio C Hamanocc0cb312009-01-22 03:38:50[diff] [blame]882<em>%C(&#8230;)</em>: color specification, as described in color.branch.* config option
883</p>
884</li>
885<li>
886<p>
Junio C Hamanod9e0e5d2007-04-14 16:22:04[diff] [blame]887<em>%m</em>: left, right or boundary mark
888</p>
889</li>
890<li>
891<p>
Junio C Hamanoa3fd83c2007-03-02 10:34:36[diff] [blame]892<em>%n</em>: newline
893</p>
Junio C Hamano0430e3a2007-05-15 03:13:17[diff] [blame]894</li>
Junio C Hamanob78d2592008-04-09 09:39:08[diff] [blame]895<li>
896<p>
Junio C Hamanoa9701f02010-01-21 00:42:16[diff] [blame]897<em>%%</em>: a raw <em>%</em>
898</p>
899</li>
900<li>
901<p>
Junio C Hamanob78d2592008-04-09 09:39:08[diff] [blame]902<em>%x00</em>: print a byte from a hex code
903</p>
904</li>
Junio C Hamanobf984de2009-11-23 06:11:19[diff] [blame]905<li>
906<p>
907<em>%w([&lt;w&gt;[,&lt;i1&gt;[,&lt;i2&gt;]]])</em>: switch line wrapping, like the -w option of
Junio C Hamano5706e0b2009-11-24 10:54:16[diff] [blame]908 <a href="git-shortlog.html">git-shortlog(1)</a>.
Junio C Hamanobf984de2009-11-23 06:11:19[diff] [blame]909</p>
910</li>
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]911</ul></div>
Junio C Hamanoa3fd83c2007-03-02 10:34:36[diff] [blame]912</li>
Junio C Hamanoc21ab052009-10-31 04:03:55[diff] [blame]913</ul></div>
914<div class="admonitionblock">
915<table><tr>
916<td class="icon">
917<div class="title">Note</div>
918</td>
919<td class="content">Some placeholders may depend on other options given to the
920revision traversal engine. For example, the <tt>%g*</tt> reflog options will
921insert an empty string unless we are traversing reflog entries (e.g., by
922<tt>git log -g</tt>). The <tt>%d</tt> placeholder will use the "short" decoration
923format if <tt>--decorate</tt> was not already provided on the command line.</td>
924</tr></table>
925</div>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]926<div class="paragraph"><p>If you add a <tt>&#43;</tt> (plus sign) after <em>%</em> of a placeholder, a line-feed
Junio C Hamano2bd8a742009-12-01 21:16:59[diff] [blame]927is inserted immediately before the expansion if and only if the
928placeholder expands to a non-empty string.</p></div>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]929<div class="paragraph"><p>If you add a <tt>-</tt> (minus sign) after <em>%</em> of a placeholder, line-feeds that
Junio C Hamano2bd8a742009-12-01 21:16:59[diff] [blame]930immediately precede the expansion are deleted if and only if the
931placeholder expands to an empty string.</p></div>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]932<div class="paragraph"><p>If you add a ` ` (space) after <em>%</em> of a placeholder, a space
Junio C Hamano89a57342010-06-22 23:22:55[diff] [blame]933is inserted immediately before the expansion if and only if the
934placeholder expands to a non-empty string.</p></div>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]935<div class="ulist"><ul>
Junio C Hamano6fb124c2008-06-13 10:04:01[diff] [blame]936<li>
937<p>
938<em>tformat:</em>
939</p>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]940<div class="paragraph"><p>The <em>tformat:</em> format works exactly like <em>format:</em>, except that it
Junio C Hamano6fb124c2008-06-13 10:04:01[diff] [blame]941provides "terminator" semantics instead of "separator" semantics. In
942other words, each commit has the message terminator character (usually a
943newline) appended, rather than a separator placed between entries.
944This means that the final entry of a single-line format will be properly
945terminated with a new line, just as the "oneline" format does.
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]946For example:</p></div>
Junio C Hamano6fb124c2008-06-13 10:04:01[diff] [blame]947<div class="listingblock">
948<div class="content">
949<pre><tt>$ git log -2 --pretty=format:%h 4da45bef \
950 | perl -pe '$_ .= " -- NO NEWLINE\n" unless /\n/'
9514da45be
9527134973 -- NO NEWLINE
953
954$ git log -2 --pretty=tformat:%h 4da45bef \
955 | perl -pe '$_ .= " -- NO NEWLINE\n" unless /\n/'
9564da45be
9577134973</tt></pre>
958</div></div>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]959<div class="paragraph"><p>In addition, any unrecognized string that has a <tt>%</tt> in it is interpreted
Junio C Hamano0a235222009-03-06 08:21:09[diff] [blame]960as if it has <tt>tformat:</tt> in front of it. For example, these two are
961equivalent:</p></div>
962<div class="listingblock">
963<div class="content">
964<pre><tt>$ git log -2 --pretty=tformat:%h 4da45bef
965$ git log -2 --pretty=%h 4da45bef</tt></pre>
966</div></div>
Junio C Hamano6fb124c2008-06-13 10:04:01[diff] [blame]967</li>
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]968</ul></div>
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]969</div>
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]970<h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
Junio C Hamano7d23f5e2006-12-16 07:44:04[diff] [blame]971<div class="sectionbody">
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]972<div class="dlist"><dl>
973<dt class="hdlist1">
Junio C Hamano7d23f5e2006-12-16 07:44:04[diff] [blame]974git show v1.0.0
975</dt>
976<dd>
977<p>
Junio C Hamano775a0f42006-12-31 01:19:14[diff] [blame]978 Shows the tag <tt>v1.0.0</tt>, along with the object the tags
979 points at.
Junio C Hamano7d23f5e2006-12-16 07:44:04[diff] [blame]980</p>
981</dd>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]982<dt class="hdlist1">
Junio C Hamanodb911ee2007-02-28 08:13:52[diff] [blame]983git show v1.0.0^{tree}
Junio C Hamano7d23f5e2006-12-16 07:44:04[diff] [blame]984</dt>
985<dd>
986<p>
987 Shows the tree pointed to by the tag <tt>v1.0.0</tt>.
988</p>
989</dd>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]990<dt class="hdlist1">
Junio C Hamanoc3fda572010-11-09 19:41:30[diff] [blame]991git show -s --format=%s v1.0.0^{commit}
992</dt>
993<dd>
994<p>
995 Shows the subject of the commit pointed to by the
996 tag <tt>v1.0.0</tt>.
997</p>
998</dd>
999<dt class="hdlist1">
Junio C Hamanodb911ee2007-02-28 08:13:52[diff] [blame]1000git show next~10:Documentation/README
1001</dt>
1002<dd>
1003<p>
Junio C Hamano7d23f5e2006-12-16 07:44:04[diff] [blame]1004 Shows the contents of the file <tt>Documentation/README</tt> as
1005 they were current in the 10th last commit of the branch
Junio C Hamanodb911ee2007-02-28 08:13:52[diff] [blame]1006 <tt>next</tt>.
1007</p>
1008</dd>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]1009<dt class="hdlist1">
Junio C Hamanodb911ee2007-02-28 08:13:52[diff] [blame]1010git show master:Makefile master:t/Makefile
1011</dt>
1012<dd>
1013<p>
Junio C Hamano7d23f5e2006-12-16 07:44:04[diff] [blame]1014 Concatenates the contents of said Makefiles in the head
Junio C Hamanodb911ee2007-02-28 08:13:52[diff] [blame]1015 of the branch <tt>master</tt>.
1016</p>
1017</dd>
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]1018</dl></div>
Junio C Hamano7d23f5e2006-12-16 07:44:04[diff] [blame]1019</div>
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]1020<h2 id="_discussion">Discussion</h2>
Junio C Hamano775a0f42006-12-31 01:19:14[diff] [blame]1021<div class="sectionbody">
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]1022<div class="paragraph"><p>At the core level, git is character encoding agnostic.</p></div>
1023<div class="ulist"><ul>
Junio C Hamano775a0f42006-12-31 01:19:14[diff] [blame]1024<li>
1025<p>
1026The pathnames recorded in the index and in the tree objects
1027 are treated as uninterpreted sequences of non-NUL bytes.
1028 What readdir(2) returns are what are recorded and compared
1029 with the data git keeps track of, which in turn are expected
1030 to be what lstat(2) and creat(2) accepts. There is no such
1031 thing as pathname encoding translation.
1032</p>
1033</li>
1034<li>
1035<p>
Junio C Hamano54bf1e22008-12-20 06:30:11[diff] [blame]1036The contents of the blob objects are uninterpreted sequences
Junio C Hamano775a0f42006-12-31 01:19:14[diff] [blame]1037 of bytes. There is no encoding translation at the core
1038 level.
1039</p>
1040</li>
1041<li>
1042<p>
Junio C Hamano54bf1e22008-12-20 06:30:11[diff] [blame]1043The commit log messages are uninterpreted sequences of non-NUL
Junio C Hamano775a0f42006-12-31 01:19:14[diff] [blame]1044 bytes.
1045</p>
1046</li>
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]1047</ul></div>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]1048<div class="paragraph"><p>Although we encourage that the commit log messages are encoded
Junio C Hamano775a0f42006-12-31 01:19:14[diff] [blame]1049in UTF-8, both the core and git Porcelain are designed not to
1050force UTF-8 on projects. If all participants of a particular
1051project find it more convenient to use legacy encodings, git
1052does not forbid it. However, there are a few things to keep in
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]1053mind.</p></div>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]1054<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
Junio C Hamano775a0f42006-12-31 01:19:14[diff] [blame]1055<li>
1056<p>
Junio C Hamano1aa40d22010-01-21 17:46:43[diff] [blame]1057<em>git commit</em> and <em>git commit-tree</em> issues
Junio C Hamano14b76482008-01-05 10:32:26[diff] [blame]1058 a warning if the commit log message given to it does not look
Junio C Hamano775a0f42006-12-31 01:19:14[diff] [blame]1059 like a valid UTF-8 string, unless you explicitly say your
1060 project uses a legacy encoding. The way to say this is to
Junio C Hamano35bb3f62007-02-19 05:35:53[diff] [blame]1061 have i18n.commitencoding in <tt>.git/config</tt> file, like this:
Junio C Hamano775a0f42006-12-31 01:19:14[diff] [blame]1062</p>
1063<div class="listingblock">
1064<div class="content">
Junio C Hamano35bb3f62007-02-19 05:35:53[diff] [blame]1065<pre><tt>[i18n]
Junio C Hamano775a0f42006-12-31 01:19:14[diff] [blame]1066 commitencoding = ISO-8859-1</tt></pre>
1067</div></div>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]1068<div class="paragraph"><p>Commit objects created with the above setting record the value
Junio C Hamano35bb3f62007-02-19 05:35:53[diff] [blame]1069of <tt>i18n.commitencoding</tt> in its <tt>encoding</tt> header. This is to
Junio C Hamano775a0f42006-12-31 01:19:14[diff] [blame]1070help other people who look at them later. Lack of this header
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]1071implies that the commit log message is encoded in UTF-8.</p></div>
Junio C Hamano775a0f42006-12-31 01:19:14[diff] [blame]1072</li>
1073<li>
1074<p>
Junio C Hamano1aa40d22010-01-21 17:46:43[diff] [blame]1075<em>git log</em>, <em>git show</em>, <em>git blame</em> and friends look at the
Junio C Hamanoaa17c7c2008-11-03 04:36:58[diff] [blame]1076 <tt>encoding</tt> header of a commit object, and try to re-code the
1077 log message into UTF-8 unless otherwise specified. You can
Junio C Hamano775a0f42006-12-31 01:19:14[diff] [blame]1078 specify the desired output encoding with
Junio C Hamano35bb3f62007-02-19 05:35:53[diff] [blame]1079 <tt>i18n.logoutputencoding</tt> in <tt>.git/config</tt> file, like this:
Junio C Hamano775a0f42006-12-31 01:19:14[diff] [blame]1080</p>
1081<div class="listingblock">
1082<div class="content">
Junio C Hamano35bb3f62007-02-19 05:35:53[diff] [blame]1083<pre><tt>[i18n]
Junio C Hamano775a0f42006-12-31 01:19:14[diff] [blame]1084 logoutputencoding = ISO-8859-1</tt></pre>
1085</div></div>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]1086<div class="paragraph"><p>If you do not have this configuration variable, the value of
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]1087<tt>i18n.commitencoding</tt> is used instead.</p></div>
Junio C Hamano775a0f42006-12-31 01:19:14[diff] [blame]1088</li>
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]1089</ol></div>
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]1090<div class="paragraph"><p>Note that we deliberately chose not to re-code the commit log
Junio C Hamano775a0f42006-12-31 01:19:14[diff] [blame]1091message when a commit is made to force UTF-8 at the commit
1092object level, because re-coding to UTF-8 is not necessarily a
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]1093reversible operation.</p></div>
Junio C Hamano775a0f42006-12-31 01:19:14[diff] [blame]1094</div>
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]1095<h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]1096<div class="sectionbody">
Junio C Hamano68cf15a2010-11-06 01:01:59[diff] [blame]1097<div class="paragraph"><p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p></div>
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]1098</div>
1099<div id="footer">
1100<div id="footer-text">
Junio C Hamano5f3d8392011-03-15 23:33:35[diff] [blame]1101Last updated 2011-03-15 23:30:14 UTC
Junio C Hamanod9d71c02006-02-08 00:52:33[diff] [blame]1102</div>
1103</div>
1104</body>
1105</html>