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Rafael Abuawad
Rafael Abuawad

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Challenge #1: 🥩 Decentralized Staking App | Speedrun Ethereum With Vyper 🐍

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Table of contents

🥩 Introductionn

The ERC20 standard has long been the backbone of token development on EVM-compatible blockchains, serving as a fundamental component not only for DeFi but for a wide range of blockchain applications. However, as the DeFi ecosystem continues to evolve, the need for new standards that can support more advanced features and functions has become increasingly apparent.

ERC4626 is one such standard, specifically designed for yield-generating vaults. By providing a more consistent and interoperable framework for developing these critical components of DeFi, ERC4626 promises to open up new opportunities for developers and users alike.

In the upcoming challenge, we will delve into the implementation process for both tokens and vaults, leveraging the Vyper programming language to explore the key concepts and principles involved in this exciting area of blockchain development. Through this process, participants will gain a deeper understanding of the challenges and opportunities involved in building DeFi applications, and be equipped with the skills and knowledge necessary to succeed in this dynamic and rapidly-evolving field.

📦 Setup

For setting up the project on a local machine, only one essential component is required:

Python is the primary programming language used in the project, it includes PIP, which serves as the package manager for Python and Virtual ENV is an essential tool used for creating a virtual environment that will house the application's code.

While the process for setting up these components is beyond the scope of this challenge, in essence, it involves installing Python and configuring a virtual environment for the application's code. It is important to note that creating a virtual environment for the project ensures that the application's dependencies and requirements are isolated from those of the host system, thereby improving stability and reproducibility.

Brownie

If you are going to use Brownie in this challenge, in your virtual environment, go ahead and install Brownie, after you installed it, create a new folder called vaults and inside it run the following command:

$ brownie init
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Also, you might want to use the Hardhat node to test our smart contracts, so inside your project folder, run the following command:

$ npm install --save-dev hardhat
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ApeWorx

If you are going to use ApeWorx in this challenge, activate your virtual environment and install ApeWorx:

$ pip install eth-ape'[recommended-plugins]'
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After you installed it, create a new folder called vaults and inside it run the following command:

$ ape init
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📑 Code

The ERC-20 token standard serves as the foundation for DeFi applications on EVM blockchains. Inside your contracts folder, create a file called token.vy this will contain all of the code necessary to implement the ERC-20.

Token (ERC-20)

Here is a barebones implementation of the ERC20 token standard in Vyper, can you turn it into a working smart contract?

Important: ⚠️🐍 If you are new to Vyper, don't worry, it was designed to be simple and readable, making it easier for programmers with any level of experience to quickly grasp the language. If you need more guidance, there are many resources available online to help you get started, such as the Vyper documentation, tutorials, and community forums.

# @version >=0.3.3 from vyper.interfaces import ERC20 from vyper.interfaces import ERC20Detailed ### INTERFACES ### implements: ERC20 implements: ERC20Detailed ### EVENTS ### event Transfer: sender: indexed(address) receiver: indexed(address) value: uint256 event Approval: owner: indexed(address) spender: indexed(address) value: uint256 ### METHODS ### @view @external def name() -> String[10]: # ... TODO: Implementation  return NAME @view @external def symbol() -> String[5]: # ... TODO: Implementation  return SYMBOL @view @external def decimals() -> uint8: # ... TODO: Implementation  return DECIMALS @external def transfer(_to : address, _value : uint256) -> bool: # ... TODO: Implementation  return False @external def transferFrom(_from : address, _to : address, _value : uint256) -> bool: # ... TODO: Implementation  return False @external def approve(_spender : address, _value : uint256) -> bool: # ... TODO: Implementation  return False @external def mint(_to: address, _value: uint256): # ... TODO: Implementation  # ... TODO: Security  pass @external def burn(_value: uint256): # ... TODO: Implementation  # ... TODO: Security  pass @external def burnFrom(_to: address, _value: uint256): # ... TODO: Implementation  # ... TODO: Security  pass
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Feel stuck? Take a look at the Vyperlang Official Implemenation

Here is a barebones implementation of the ERC4626 token standard in Vyper, can you turn it into a working smart contract?

Note: 💡 There are many ways to generate yield. Take a look at this one, implemented in Solidity

# @version >=0.3.3 from vyper.interfaces import ERC20 from vyper.interfaces import ERC4626 ### INTERFACES #### implements: ERC20 implements: ERC4626 #### ERC20 | EVENTS ####  event Transfer: sender: indexed(address) receiver: indexed(address) amount: uint256 event Approval: owner: indexed(address) spender: indexed(address) allowance: uint256 #### ERC4626 | EVENTS ####  event Deposit: depositor: indexed(address) receiver: indexed(address) assets: uint256 shares: uint256 event Withdraw: withdrawer: indexed(address) receiver: indexed(address) owner: indexed(address) assets: uint256 shares: uint256 ### METHODS ### @view @external def name() -> String[10]: # ... TODO: Implementation  return NAME @view @external def symbol() -> String[5]: # ... TODO: Implementation  return SYMBOL @view @external def decimals() -> uint8: # ... TODO: Implementation  return DECIMALS @external def transfer(receiver: address, amount: uint256) -> bool: # ... TODO: Implementation  return True @external def approve(spender: address, amount: uint256) -> bool: # ... TODO: Implementation  return True @external def transferFrom(sender: address, receiver: address, amount: uint256) -> bool: # ... TODO: Implementation  return True @view @external def totalAssets() -> uint256: # ... TODO: Implementation  return 0 @view @external def convertToAssets(shareAmount: uint256) -> uint256: # ... TODO: Implementation  return 0 @view @external def convertToShares(assetAmount: uint256) -> uint256: # ... TODO: Implementation  return 0 @view @external def maxDeposit(owner: address) -> uint256: # ... TODO: Implementation  return 0 @view @external def previewDeposit(assets: uint256) -> uint256: # ... TODO: Implementation  return 0 @external def deposit(assets: uint256, receiver: address=msg.sender) -> uint256: # ... TODO: Implementation  return 0 @view @external def maxMint(owner: address) -> uint256: # ... TODO: Implementation  return 0 @view @external def previewMint(shares: uint256) -> uint256: # ... TODO: Implementation  return 0 @external def mint(shares: uint256, receiver: address=msg.sender) -> uint256: # ... TODO: Implementation  return 0 @view @external def maxWithdraw(owner: address) -> uint256: # ... TODO: Implementation  return 0 @view @external def previewWithdraw(assets: uint256) -> uint256: # ... TODO: Implementation  return 0 @external def withdraw(assets: uint256, receiver: address=msg.sender, owner: address=msg.sender) -> uint256: # ... TODO: Implementation  return 0 @view @external def maxRedeem(owner: address) -> uint256: # ... TODO: Implementation  return 0 @view @external def previewRedeem(shares: uint256) -> uint256: # ... TODO: Implementation  return 0 @external def redeem(shares: uint256, receiver: address=msg.sender, owner: address=msg.sender) -> uint256: # ... TODO: Implementation  return 0
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Feel stuck? Take a look at the Vyperlang Official Implemenation

🔬 Conclusion

In this challenge, we have explored the ERC20 token standard and its role as a fundamental building block of DeFi applications on EVM-compatible blockchains. We have learned how to use the Vyper programming language to create a basic implementation of the ERC20 standard, including the definition of token properties, the specification of events, and the implementation of essential token transfer methods.

Going beyond this, we have also introduced the ERC4626 standard, which is specifically designed for yield-generating vaults. By providing a consistent and interoperable framework for the development of these critical DeFi components, ERC4626 offers a significant opportunity for developers and users alike to benefit from new features and functionality in the DeFi ecosystem.

📒 Note: Whether using Brownie or ApeWorx, creating a virtual environment for the project ensures that the application's dependencies and requirements are isolated from those of the host system, improving stability and reproducibility.

🐍 Note: The Vyper programming language offers several advantages over other languages, including higher security, improved gas efficiency, and enhanced code readability, making it a great option for NFT development projects.

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