Ruby - Polymorphism Example

1. Introduction

Polymorphism is a cornerstone of object-oriented programming that enhances code flexibility and readability. In Ruby, polymorphism allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass. This post will delve into the concept of polymorphism in Ruby, illustrating its importance and demonstrating its implementation.

Definition

Polymorphism is derived from two Greek words: "poly" (meaning "many") and "morph" (meaning "form"). In Ruby, it refers to the ability of different classes to respond to the same method call, each in its unique way. This means that objects of different classes can be treated as if they are objects of the same class. This concept is particularly useful when we want to perform the same action on multiple object types.

2. Program Steps

1. Define multiple classes with a common method name.

2. Create objects of these classes.

3. Use these objects in a unified manner, calling the common method on each, demonstrating polymorphism.

3. Code Program

# Define a Bird class with a common method `move` class Bird def move "I can fly!" end end # Define a Fish class with the same method `move` class Fish def move "I can swim!" end end # Define a Horse class with the same method `move` class Horse def move "I can gallop!" end end # Create objects of each class bird = Bird.new fish = Fish.new horse = Horse.new # Display the move capability of each object using polymorphism puts bird.move puts fish.move puts horse.move

Output:

I can fly! I can swim! I can gallop!

Explanation:

1. We first define a Bird class with a method named move. This method returns "I can fly!" when called.

2. Similarly, we define a Fish class and a Horse class, each with a move method. However, the response for each class differs based on their natural movement.

3. We then create objects of the Bird, Fish, and Horse classes.

4. Despite these objects being of different classes, we can call the move method on each, demonstrating polymorphism. Each object responds to the move method in its unique way.

The beauty of polymorphism lies in its ability to simplify code and improve flexibility, allowing objects of different types to be treated uniformly.


Related Ruby Examples:

Ruby - Print Hello World Ruby - Get User Input Ruby - Display Current Date and Time Ruby - Print Environment Variables Ruby - Explain Variable Scopes Ruby - Calculate the Sum of Two Numbers Ruby - Find the Factorial of a Number Ruby - Check If a Number is Even or Odd Ruby - Generate a Random Number Ruby - Implement the Pythagorean Theorem Ruby - Calculate the Square Root of a Number Ruby - Check if a Number is Prime Ruby - Find the Greatest Common Divisor (GCD) Ruby - Check Leap Year Ruby - Print Power of a Number Ruby - Print Fibonacci Series Ruby - Count the Number of Digits in a Number Ruby - Unary operators Ruby - Arithmetic operators Ruby - Bitwise operators Ruby - Logical operators Ruby - Ternary operator Ruby - Assignment operators Ruby - Comparison operators Ruby - Convert a String to Uppercase and Lowercase Ruby - Reverse a String Ruby - Count Vowels in a String Ruby - Find the Length of a String Ruby - Replace Substrings Ruby - Split a String into Words Ruby - Join an Array into a String Ruby - Check if a String Starts with Another String Ruby - Check if a String is a Palindrome Ruby - Find the Length of an Array Ruby - Find the Maximum Element in an Array Ruby - Find the Minimum Element in an Array Ruby - Search for an Element in an Array Ruby - Sort an Array Ruby - Reverse an Array Ruby - Array Create, Add, and Remove Example Ruby - Merge Two Arrays Ruby - Create and Use a Hash Ruby - Find the Size of a Hash Ruby - Check if a Key Exists in a Hash Ruby - Merge Two Hashes Ruby - Iterate Over a Hash Ruby - If-Else Condition Ruby - Case Statement Ruby - While Loop Ruby - For Loop Ruby - OOPs Concepts Ruby - Define and Instantiate a Simple Class Ruby - Instance Variables Ruby - Class Methods and Variables Ruby - Inheritance Example Ruby - Polymorphism Example Ruby - Abstraction Example Ruby - Modules and Mixins Ruby - Encapsulation Example Ruby - Association Example Ruby - Composition Example Ruby - Aggregation Example Ruby - method_missing Example Ruby - define_method Example Ruby - Create Custom Exception Class Ruby - Create a New File and Write Content Ruby - Open and Read from a File Ruby - Append Data to an Existing File Ruby - Delete a File Ruby - Different File Modes Ruby - Read a File Line by Line Ruby - Create a New Directory Ruby - Rename a Directory Ruby - Delete a Directory Ruby - Check if a File Exists Ruby - Get a File Size Ruby - Check if a Path is a File or a Directory Ruby - Get File Modification Time Ruby - Count Number of Words in a File Ruby - Count Occurrences of a Specific Word in a File Ruby - Compress a File using Gzip Ruby - Extract a Gzip Compressed File Ruby - Create a Tar Archive Ruby - Handle Division by Zero Exception Ruby - Handle NoMethodError by Using begin-rescue-end Ruby - Handle Custom Exceptions using rescue Ruby - Handle Custom Exceptions using rescue Ruby - Handle Multiple Exceptions Using Multiple rescue Blocks Ruby - Print the Backtrace of an Exception Ruby - Define Global Exception Handling using at_exit

Ruby Tutorials

Ruby Hash Tutorial Ruby String Tutorial Ruby Array Tutorial Ruby - Match a Pattern in a String Ruby - map Function Example Ruby - reduce Function Example Ruby - select Function Example Ruby - Date and Time Example Ruby - Create and Execute a Basic Thread Ruby - Main Thread and Sub-threads Ruby - Pause Execution of Thread Using sleep Ruby - Terminate a Thread Using Thread.kill Ruby - Check Status of a Thread Using alive? Ruby - Thread Priority Example Ruby - Use Thread.pass for Thread Scheduling Ruby - Thread Local Variables Ruby Convert String to Hash Ruby Convert String to JSON Ruby Convert String to Integer Ruby Convert String to Array Ruby Convert String to Date Ruby Convert String to CamelCase Ruby Convert String to Boolean Ruby Convert String to Float Ruby Convert String to DateTime Ruby Convert Number to String Ruby Convert Number to Binary Ruby Convert Number to Boolean Ruby Convert List to Set Ruby Convert List to String Ruby Convert List to Hash Ruby Convert List to Map Ruby Convert Array to List Ruby Convert Array to Hash Ruby Convert Array to Hash With Index as Key Ruby Convert Array to Set Ruby Convert Array to String Comma Separated Ruby Convert Array of Strings to Integers Ruby Convert Array to JSON Ruby Convert Array of Hashes to JSON Ruby Convert Hash to JSON Ruby Convert Hash to String Ruby Convert Hash to Array Convert Hash Keys to Strings Ruby Convert Date to DateTime Ruby Convert Date to Epoch Ruby Convert Date to TimeStamp Ruby Convert Date to Milliseconds

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