powerpointpresentationaboutcomputerscience

powerpointpresentationaboutcomputerscience

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  Dr Sudhir ChandraSur institute of Technology and sports complex Topic : Functionalities of physical and data link layer in OSI model Department of Computer Science And Engineering and AI&ML Name: Rahul Mahato Roll: 25530823069 Sem: 6th Sub: Computer Networks
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  Introduction 1. Physical Layer(Layer 1) The Physical Layer is responsible for the actual transmission of raw data (bits) over a physical medium like cables, radio waves, or fiber optics. 2. Data Link Layer (Layer 2) The Data Link Layer ensures error-free data transfer between two directly connected nodes.
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  1. Physical Layer(Layer 1) • The Physical Layer is responsible for the actual transmission of raw bits (0s and 1s) over a communication channel. Its functionalities include: • Bit Transmission: Converts digital data into electrical, optical, or radio signals for transmission. • Data Encoding: Uses encoding schemes like Manchester encoding or NRZ (Non-Return-to-Zero) to represent data. • Signal Transmission and Reception: Ensures proper sending and receiving of signals across the medium (cables, fiber optics, wireless).
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  Bit Transmission  BitTransmission refers to the process of converting digital data (bits) into electrical, optical, or radio signals for transmission over a communication medium. This process is fundamental in telecommunications and networking, enabling the transfer of information between devices.
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  Data Encoding  DataEncoding is the process of converting digital data (bits) into a specific format or signal that can be efficiently transmitted over a communication medium. Encoding schemes ensure that the data is transmitted reliably, with synchronization, and minimal errors.
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  2. Data LinkLayer (Layer 2)  The Data Link Layer (Layer 2) is the second layer in the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model. It is responsible for providing reliable communication between two directly connected nodes (devices) over a physical link. The Data Link Layer ensures that data is transmitted without errors, manages flow control, and handles access to the physical medium. 1. Key Functions of the Data Link Layer 2. Sub-layers of the Data Link Layer:
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  a) Key Functionsof the Data Link Layer o Framing:  Breaks data into manageable units called frames.  Adds headers and trailers to the data for synchronization, addressing, and error detection. o Physical Addressing (MAC Addressing):  Uses MAC (Media Access Control) addresses to uniquely identify devices on a local network.  Ensures frames are delivered to the correct device. o Error Detection and Correction:  Detects and, in some cases, corrects errors introduced during transmission.  Common techniques include CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check).
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  b) Sub-layers ofthe Data Link Layer: 1. Logical Link Control (LLC): 1. Handles error checking, flow control, and framing. 2. Provides a common interface for the Network Layer (Layer 3). 2. Media Access Control (MAC): 1. Manages access to the physical medium. 2. Handles addressing (MAC addresses) and ensures data is transmitted in the correct order.
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  Thank You