PHPUnit - Unit testing

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CONTENT KiSS Concept Q&A Demo PHPUnit Unit Testing Software Testing

What is Software Testing?  Testing is the process of executing a program with intent of finding errors (The art of software testing – Glenford J.Myers) 4 Our program The output is correct? I1, I2, I3, …, In, … Expected results = ? Obtained results “Inputs” - No code inspection - No code analysis - No model checking - No bug fixing - No debugging

Level of testing KiSS Concept Unit Testing Integration Testing Functional Testing System Testing Load/Stress Testing User Accepted Testing Regression Testing Programmer Tester

Testing Techniques Functional Testing (Black box)  Select test cases based on the requirement or design specification  Emphasize on the external behavior of software Structural Testing (White box)  Select test cases based on the implement of software  Emphasize on the internal structure of software KiSS Concept

Black box vs White box KiSS Concept

Process of testing KiSS Concept Test cases Design test cases Prepare test data Run program with test data Test data Test results Test reports Compare results to test cases

What is unit testing? KiSS Concept  “In computer programming, unit testing is a method by which individual units of source code are tested to determine if they are fit for use. A unit is the smallest testable part of an application.” (Wikipedia)  A “unit ” is the smallest testable part of an application: a function or class method.

Benefit of unit testing  Easy to defect error KiSS Concept

Benefit of unit testing  Safer refactoring KiSS Concept

Benefit of unit testing  Automated test KiSS Concept

Benefit of unit testing  Long term of saving time and money KiSS Concept

When do you write the test?  Focus on requirements  Thinking about how to code will be consumed  Stop coding when meet requirement  Harder initially  Focus on code  Thinking about algorithm  More refactoring  Easier initially KiSS Concept Before coding(TDD) After/During coding

How do I test?  Isolate with the code being tested  Short, simple, fast, readable  No conditional logic or loop (if, switch, while)  One test should be one behavior KiSS Concept

Introduction KiSS Concept  Is a unit testing framework written in PHP, created by Sebastian Bergmann.  Part of the xUnit family of testing frameworks.  Integrated/supported • Zend Studio • Zend Framework • Symfony • Doctrine

Installation KiSS Concept Install with PEAR: pear channel-discover pear.phpunit.de pear install phpunit/PHPUnit Update: pear upgrade phpunit/PHPUnit Xdebug: sudo apt-get install php5-xdebug php5-dev Set include path in /etc/php5/cli/php.ini include_path = “.:/usr/share/php”

Definitions KiSS Concept Test suite Test suite Test case setUp() testMethod tearDown() /* * *@annotation */ testMethod(){ assertion } Report Test case setUp() testMethod tearDown() /* * *@annotation */ testMethod(){ assertion } Code coverage Logging

Running test KiSS Concept Go to command line and run: phpunit /path/to/file/test.php or phpunit classname /path/to/file/test.php

Running test  Command line  IDE  Zend Studio  NetBean  Continuous Integration  phpUnderControl  Cruise Control KiSS Concept

Result  OK: all tests are successful  FAILURES: test is fail or error  Result of each test: • . test succeeds • F an assertion fails • E an error • S test has been skipped • I test is marked as being incomplete or not yet implement KiSS Concept

Features  @dataProvider  @exception  Fixture: setUp() and tearDown()  Double: stub and mock object  Database  Code coverage KiSS Concept

Data provider  Is a method that returns an array of values to use in a test.  Makes tests shorter and more concise.  Data provider can use array or file csv. KiSS Concept

Data provider KiSS Concept Input 1 myfunction() Report 1Result 1 Expected 1 compare Input 2 myfunction() Report 2Result 2 Expected 2 compare Input 3 myfunction() Report 3Result 3 Expected 3 compare

Data provider KiSS Concept /* * @dataProvider */ testMethod($input, $expect) { myfunction() } Report 1 Data Providers Input 1 expect1 Input 2 expect 2 Input 3 expect 3 Report 2 Report 3

Exception  Test exception are thrown.  Test expected messages of exception are thrown. KiSS Concept

Example exception KiSS Concept

Fixtures  Is constructor method and destructor method in test case  PHPUnit supports 2 methods: • setUp(): the function run when test methods start to run • tearDown(): the function run after test methods end KiSS Concept

Fixtures KiSS Concept Start setUp() testOne() testTwo() testThree() tearDown() End

Test double KiSS Concept MyClass myMethod($object) { …$object->otherMethod(); … } Database Connection File system Web service Function depends on other objects, other components

KiSS Concept MyClass myMethod() { …other Method … } Database File system Web service MyClassTest testMyMethod() { … … } Test double How to isolate environment ?

Test double KiSS Concept MyClass myMethod() { …other Method … } Database Mock File system Mock Web service Mock MyClassTest testMyMethod() { … … } Set mocks Solution: use copy object Test double return fixed value

Stub and Mock  Set method return values  Test state  Check method calls  Check arguments used  Test interactions KiSS Concept Stub Mock

Example stub object KiSS Concept

Example mock object KiSS Concept

Database testing  Set up database connection.  Set up initial dataset.  Provide methods to get dataset from database.  Provide methods to compare two datasets.  Type of dataset  Flat XML  XML  CSV  MySQL dump KiSS Concept

Organizing  Allow to organize tests to test suite to run one time  Use file system:  All test files end with „Test‟.  Organize directory structure.  Use configuration file: phpunit.xml KiSS Concept

Code Coverage KiSS Concept  Help to see what are executed when the tests are run.  Help to find code that is not yet tested.  Help to measure testing completeness.

Code Coverage KiSS Concept Red: code is not executedGreen: code is executed Test cases cover this line code Grey: dead code Note: dead code is source code which is executed but whose result is never used.

Logging Test results HTML  <log type="testdox-html" target="./log/testdox.html" /> KiSS Concept

Logging Test result XML  <log type="junit" target="./log/logfile.xml" /> KiSS Concept

References  PHPUnit manual  Training course PHPUnit – Nick Belhome,2010  Unit Testing with PHPUnit – Michelangelo van Dam  Ini2it Unit Testing after ZF 1.8 - Michelangelo van Dam  PHPUnit From Zero To Hero – Jeremy Cook  PHPUnit & Continous Intergration – AlexMace  Advanced PHPUnit Testing – Mike Lively  Practical PHP Testing Patterns  http://framework.zend.com/manual/1.12/ru/zend.test.phpunit.db.html KiSS Concept

QUESTION & ANSWEAR KiSS Concept

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PHPUnit - Unit testing

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