Operator overloading in C++ allows developers to redefine the behavior of operators

Operator overloading in C++ allows developers to redefine the behavior of operators

• 1.
  Overloading in C++ •Overloading allows multiple functions or operators with the same name but different parameters. • Types of Overloading in C++: • 1. Function Overloading • 2. Operator Overloading
• 2.
  Function Overloading • FunctionOverloading: Multiple functions with the same name but different parameter types or counts. • Example: • int add(int a, int b); • float add(float a, float b);
• 3.
  Operator Overloading • OperatorOverloading: Redefining the behavior of operators for user-defined types. • Example: • calculation = add(divide(a, b), multiply(a, b)); • can be replaced with: • calculation = (a/b)+(a*b);
• 4.
  Operators That CannotBe Overloaded • 1. Scope Resolution Operator (::) • 2. Size Operator (sizeof) • 3. Member Selector (.) • 4. Member Pointer Selector (*) • 5. Ternary Operator (?:)
• 5.
  Syntax of OperatorOverloading • returntype classname::operator op(argumentlist) • { • // function body • }
• 6.
  Operator Function Types •Operator function must be either: • 1. Non-static Member Function • 2. Friend Function • Friend functions can access private and protected members of the class.
• 7.
  Member vs Non-Member Functions •Member Function: • - Can be defined inside or outside the class. • - Must be qualified with class name if defined outside. • Non-Member Function: • - Always defined outside the class.
• 8.
  Friend Functions • Friendfunction is defined outside the class but can access private/protected members. • Declared in class but not a member function.
• 9.
  Operator vs NormalFunctions • Operator Functions are similar to normal functions. • Difference: Name starts with 'operator' followed by the operator symbol. • Called when the corresponding operator is used.
• 10.
  Approaches to Operator Overloading •1. Overloading Unary Operator • 2. Overloading Binary Operator
• 11.
  Overloading Unary Operator •Unary operators operate on one operand. • Example: Overloading '-' to change sign of an object. • Similar to how it works with int or float.
• 12.
  Overloading Binary Operator •Binary operators operate on two operands. • Example: Overloading '+' to add two objects.
• 13.
  Rules for OperatorOverloading • 1. Only existing operators can be overloaded. • 2. At least one operand must be a user-defined type. • 3. Friend functions are not used for all operators. • 4. Unary operator overloading: • - Member function: no explicit arguments • - Friend function: one argument • 5. Binary operator overloading: • - Member function: one explicit argument • - Friend function: two explicit arguments