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Learn html Basics
HTML is a markup language used to define the structure and layout of web pages. HTML uses tags to mark elements like headings, paragraphs, links, images, and more. When an HTML file is opened in a web browser, the browser displays the page using the tags to interpret the page's content and structure. Common HTML elements include headings, paragraphs, links, images, lists, tables, forms, and iframes. CSS can also be used to further define styles and visual presentation of HTML elements.
Learn html Basics
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- 2. WHAT IS HTML? •HTML is a language for describing web pages. • HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language • HTML is a markup language • A markup language is a set of markup tags • The tags describe document content • HTML documents contain HTML tags and plain text • HTML documents are also called web pages
- 3. HTML TAGS • HTMLmarkup tags are usually called HTML tags • HTML tags are keywords (tag names) surrounded by angle brackets like <html> • HTML tags normally come in pairs like <b> and </b> • The first tag in a pair is the start tag, the second tag is the end tag • The end tag is written like the start tag, with a forward slash before the tag name • Start and end tags are also called opening tags and closing tags
- 4. HTML ELEMENTS • "HTMLtags" and "HTML elements" are often used to describe the same thing. HTML Element: <p>This is a paragraph.</p>
- 5. WEB BROWSERS • Thepurpose of a web browser (such as Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, Firefox, Safari) is to read HTML documents and display them as web pages. • The browser does not display the HTML tags, but uses the tags to determine how the content of the HTML page is to be presented/displayed to the user
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- 8. HTML EDITORS • HTMLcan be edited by using a professional HTML editor like: • Adobe Dreamweaver • Microsoft Expression Web • CoffeeCup HTML Editor • Notepad ++ / Notepad
- 9. HTML BASICS • HTMLHeadings • HTML headings are defined with the <h1> to <h6> tags. • Example <h1>This is a heading</h1> <h2>This is a heading</h2> <h3>This is a heading</h3>
- 10. HTML BASICS • HTMLParagraphs • HTML paragraphs are defined with the <p> tag. • Example <p>This is a paragraph.</p> <p>This is another paragraph.</p> • HTML Links • HTML links are defined with the <a> tag. • Example <a href="http://www.w3schools.com">This is a link</a>
- 11. HTML BASICS • HTMLImages • HTML images are defined with the <img> tag. • Example <img src="w3schools.jpg" width="104" height="142">
- 12. HTML ELEMENTS • HTMLdocuments are defined by HTML elements. • An HTML element is everything from the start tag to the end tag. • The start tag is often called the opening tag. The end tag is often called the closing tag • Example
- 13. HTML DOCUMENT EXAMPLE <!DOCTYPEhtml> <html> <body> <p>This is my first paragraph.</p> </body> </html>
- 14. EMPTY HTML ELEMENTS •HTML elements with no content are called empty elements. • <br> is an empty element without a closing tag (the <br> tag defines a line break).
- 15. HTML ATTRIBUTES • Attributesprovide additional information about HTML elements. • HTML elements can have attributes • Attributes provide additional information about an element • Attributes are always specified in the start tag • Attributes come in name/value pairs like: name="value“ • Example <a href="http://www.mcsoftsis.com">This is a link</a>
- 16. HTML HEADINGS • HTMLHeadings • Headings are defined with the <h1> to <h6> tags. • <h1> defines the most important heading. <h6> defines the least important heading. • Example <h1>This is a heading</h1> <h2>This is a heading</h2> <h3>This is a heading</h3>
- 17. HTML LINES • The<hr> tag creates a horizontal line in an HTML page. • The hr element can be used to separate content: • Example <p>This is a paragraph.</p> <hr> <p>This is a paragraph.</p> <hr> <p>This is a paragraph.</p>
- 18. HTML COMMENTS • Commentscan be inserted into the HTML code to make it more readable and understandable. Comments are ignored by the browser and are not displayed. • Comments are written like this: • Example <!-- This is a comment -->
- 19. HTML PARAGRAPHS • Paragraphsare defined with the <p> tag. • Example <p>This is a paragraph</p> <p>This is another paragraph</p>
- 20. HTML LINE BREAKS •Use the <br> tag if you want a line break (a new line) without starting a new paragraph: • <p>This is<br>a para<br>graph with line breaks</p> • The <br> element is an empty HTML element. It has no end tag.
- 21. HTML TEXT FORMATTING •HTML uses tags like <b> and <i> for formatting output, like bold or italic text.
- 22. HTML HYPERLINKS (LINKS) •The HTML <a> tag defines a hyperlink. • A hyperlink (or link) is a word, group of words, or image that you can click on to jump to another document. • When you move the cursor over a link in a Web page, the arrow will turn into a little hand. • The most important attribute of the <a> element is the href attribute, which indicates the link’s destination. • By default, links will appear as follows in all browsers: • An unvisited link is underlined and blue • A visited link is underlined and purple • An active link is underlined and red
- 23. HTML <HEAD> • The<head> element is a container for all the head elements. Elements inside <head> can include scripts, instruct the browser where to find style sheets, provide meta information, and more.
- 24. THE HTML <TITLE>ELEMENT • The <title> tag defines the title of the document. • The <title> element is required in all HTML/XHTML documents. • The <title> element: • defines a title in the browser toolbar • provides a title for the page when it is added to favorites • displays a title for the page in search-engine results
- 25. THE HTML <STYLE>ELEMENT • The <style> tag is used to define style information for an HTML document. • Inside the <style> element you specify how HTML elements should render in a browser: <head> <style type="text/css"> body {background-color:yellow;} p {color:blue;} </style> </head>
- 26. HTML STYLES -CSS • CSS was introduced together with HTML 4, to provide a better way to style HTML elements. • CSS can be added to HTML in the following ways: 1. Inline - using the style attribute in HTML elements 2. Internal - using the <style> element in the <head> section 3. External - using an external CSS file
- 27. HTML IMAGES • InHTML, images are defined with the <img> tag. • The <img> tag is empty, which means that it contains attributes only, and has no closing tag. • To display an image on a page, you need to use the src attribute. Src stands for "source". The value of the src attribute is the URL of the image you want to display. • Syntax for defining an image: <img src="url" alt="some_text">
- 28. HTML TABLES • Tablesare defined with the <table> tag. • A table is divided into rows (with the <tr> tag), and each row is divided into data cells (with the <td> tag). td stands for "table data," and holds the content of a data cell. A <td> tag can contain text, links, images, lists, forms, other tables, etc. <table border="1"> <tr> <td>row 1, cell 1</td> <td>row 1, cell 2</td> </tr> <tr> <td>row 2, cell 1</td> <td>row 2, cell 2</td> </tr> </table>
- 29. HTML UNORDERED LISTS •An unordered list starts with the <ul> tag. Each list item starts with the <li> tag. • The list items are marked with bullets (typically small black circles). • <ul> <li>Coffee</li> <li>Milk</li> </ul> • How the HTML code above looks in a browser: • Coffee • Milk
- 30. HTML ORDERED LISTS •An ordered list starts with the <ol> tag. Each list item starts with the <li> tag. • The list items are marked with numbers. • <ol> <li>Coffee</li> <li>Milk</li> </ol> • How the HTML code above looks in a browser: 1. Coffee 2. Milk
- 31. HTML FORMS • HTMLforms are used to pass data to a server. • The <form> tag is used to create an HTML form: • <form> . input elements . </form>
- 32. HTML FORMS -THE INPUT ELEMENT • The most important form element is the <input> element. • The <input> element is used to select user information. • An <input> element can vary in many ways, depending on the type attribute. An <input> element can be of type text field, checkbox, password, radio button, submit button, and more.
- 33. HTML IFRAMES • Aniframe is used to display a web page within a web page. • Syntax for adding an iframe: <iframe src="URL"></iframe> • The URL points to the location of the separate page.
- 34. HTML COLORS • HTMLcolors are defined using a hexadecimal notation (HEX) for the combination of Red, Green, and Blue color values (RGB).
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