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Introduction to functional programming, with Elixir
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- 2. Unlearn you someOOP for great good
- 3. ● OOP isnot the only good way to design software ● Assignment & Control flow are not essential to programming ● Locks & Semaphores are not essential to concurrency
- 4. Learn you someFunctional Programming for good
- 5. Functional Programming ● Anotherprogramming paradigm o Functions as first class citizens o Higher order functions o Immutable data o Pure functions
- 6. Pure Functions ● Stateless ●Produces the same output always for the same input ● No side effects
- 7. Functional Programming Languages ●Haskell ● Erlang/Elixir ● Common Lisp and more ● Scala ● JavaScript ● more
- 8. The functional programmingBoom ● Physical constraints ● Need for: o Simple concurrency and parallelism o Easier vertical and horizontal scaling o Optimal utilization of resources
- 9. Emerging Languages ● Go ●Scala ● Erlang ● Elixir ● Rust ● Haskell ● Nim and more
- 10. Elixir? ● Built ontop of the Erlang VM ● Compiles down to BEAM bytecode
- 11. Wth is Erlang? ●Designed for scalability and real-time systems ● Functional ● Simplifies concurrent programming ● Fault-tolerant (‘let it crash’ philosophy) ● Bytecode runs on the Erlang VM
- 12. Erlang is usedby ● Facebook (Chat) ● Amazon ● Whatsapp ● Yahoo! ● Heroku ● Github ● and more
- 13. Story of Whatsapp ●2 Million connections on a single node ● 450 Million users handled by 32 engineers ● Acquired by Facebook for $19 Billion ● Backend powered by Erlang
- 14. Elixir ● Dynamic ● Functional ●Built on top of the Erlang VM o implies Concurrent, Distributed and Fault-tolerant ● 1.0.0 was released in Sep 2014 ● Created by Jose Valim
- 15. Why use Elixir? ●All the benefits of Erlang ● Easily reuse Erlang libraries o No additional performance costs ● Better tooling, which allows for greater productivity ● Better syntax ● Simplified metaprogramming
- 16. Concurrency! Concurrency in erlang/elixirvs other languages is like branching in git vs subversion. ● Its simple and cheap
- 17. Everything is anexpression
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- 19. Datatypes ● Atoms ● Integers ●Floating point numbers ● Binaries ● Tuples ● Lists ● Strings and Character lists ● Maps, Hashdicts and Keyword Lists
- 20. Modules ● Means oforganizing code ● Contains all named functions
- 21. Functions ● Elixir functionsare defined by: o Name o Arity ● Types of functions o Anonymous & Inline Anonymous inherits scope o Named does not inherit scope
- 22. Pattern Matching ● Assert,not assign ● Equals sign isn’t really assignment, its more like an assertion ● Behaviour of tuples, lists and variables in pattern matching is important to understand ● Ignore values using _ ● Force use variables using ^
- 23. Pipeline operator |> ●Formulating transformation of data ● Similar to Linux pipes ● Making functions/methods composable ● Data |> Method 1 |> Method 2 |> Method 3
- 24. Live Examples ● Sum,Multiply ● Factorial, Fibonacci, GCD ● List operations ● File operations ● Maps, Typed maps
- 25. Tooling ● Mix, awonderful build system ● First class documentation o Inline documentation o Doctests ● Dependency Management using Mix ● Testing library included
- 26. Topics not covered ●Mix, `maven` for Elixir o compatible with hex, the `maven` for Erlang ● OTP ● Metaprogramming ● Protocols ● Structs ● Streams, Enumerables, Collectables
- 27. Elixir frameworks ● Phoenix:Web framework ● Ecto: LINQ for Elixir More: Awesome Elixir List
- 28. Questions? Interested? You canread more here: https://github.com/hashd/LearnStack/blob/master/notes/elixir.md