Uploaded byConnor McDonald
History of Oracle and Databases
The document traces the history and evolution of Oracle Database from its beginnings in 1977 through version 12c. It discusses key milestones like the first commercial SQL database in 1979, the introduction of transactions and multi-versioning in version 6 in 1988, and the development of Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management. It focuses on how the multitenant architecture of Oracle Database 12c allows for increased consolidation through pluggable databases that share resources.
History of Oracle and Databases
- 1. Copyright © 2013,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.1
- 2. Copyright © 2013,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.2 Oracle Database 12c Thomas Kyte http://asktom.oracle.com
- 3. The Beginning... • DataModel with Structure • Data Independent of Code • Set-oriented • 1977 the work begins
- 4.
- 5. First RDBMS: Version2 June 1979 • FIRST Commercial SQL RDBMS • Impressive First SQL • Joins, Subqueries • Outer Joins, Connect By • A Simple Server • No transactions, ‘Limited’ Reliability • Portability from the Start • Written in Fortran • But multi-platform – PDP11, Dec VAX
- 6. IBM PC –1981 IBM model number 5150, introduced on August 12, 1981.
- 7. Internet (as weknow it) – 1983 The first TCP/IP-based wide-area network was operational by January 1, 1983 when all hosts on the ARPANET were switched over from the older NCP protocols.
- 8. Portability: Version 3 March1983 • New Implementation Designed for Portability • Written in ‘C’ • Single Source • Architectural Changes • Transactions, multi-versioning, no read consistency • AI/BI files • Oracle Corporation – name established
- 11. Cooperative Server: Version5 April 1985 • My First Oracle Experience • 1st Client/Server • Cooperative Server • Distributed Processing • Parallel Server • Portability • V5 was first to go beyond 640K memory on PCs • Single-user for Macintosh o/s • SQL_TRACE • select trace('sql',1),1 from dual;
- 12. Transaction Processing: Version6 July 1988 • New Architecture • Performance (first SMP) • Availability • TPO • PL/SQL • V6 Lays Architectural Groundwork for the Future • This was a rewrite of the entire database fundamentally
- 13. World Wide Web– 1990’ish The World Wide Web was created in 1989 by British scientist Tim Berners-Lee, working at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) in Geneva, Switzerland, and released in 1992.
- 14. Oracle7.3 February 1996 • PartitionedViews • Bitmapped Indexes • Asynchronous read ahead for table scans • Standby Database • Deferred transaction recovery on instance startup • Updatable Join View • SQLDBA no longer shipped. • Index rebuilds • DBV introduced • Context Option • PL/SQL - UTL_FILE Spatial Data Option Tablespaces changes - Coalesce, Temporary Permanent, Trigger compilation, debug Unlimited extents on STORAGE clause. Some init.ora parameters modifiable - TIMED_STATISTICS HASH Joins, Antijoins Histograms Oracle Trace Advanced Replication Object Groups
- 17. Data Warehouses GrowingRapidly Tripling In Size Every Two Years Source: Winter TopTen Survey, Winter Corporation, Waltham MA, 2008. 200 400 600 800 1000 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 TerabytesofData Size of the Largest Data Warehouses
- 18. Enabling the PrivateDatabase Cloud Years of continuous Oracle innovation Oracle Database 10g Oracle Database 11g Oracle Exadata Oracle9i Database Real Application Clusters Database Services CPU Resource Management Automatic Storage Management Dynamic Database Services Instance caging I/O resource management Server Pools Quality of Service Management InfiniBand support Smart Scans Smart Flash Cache Hybrid Columnar Compression © 2011 Oracle Corporation
- 19. Copyright © 2013,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.19 Major Database Focus Areas ENGINEERED SYSTEMS BIG DATA SOCIAL BLOG SMART METER 101100101001 001001101010 101011100101 010100100101 CLOUD COMPUTING
- 20. Copyright © 2013,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.20 Private Database Cloud Architectures Using Oracle Database 11g Dedicated Databases share servers and OS Virtual Machines share servers Schema Consolidation share servers, OS and database Increasing Consolidation
- 21. Copyright © 2013,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.21 Private Database Cloud Architectures Using Oracle Database 12c Dedicated Databases share servers and OS Virtual Machines share servers Pluggable Databases share servers, OS and database Increasing Consolidation
- 22. Copyright © 2013,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.22 Isolation and multitenancy Fast provisioning and cloning Secure and highly available No application changes Manage many as one Greater resource utilization Performant and scalable Lower IT costs Consolidating Databases on Clouds Key requirements…
- 23. Copyright © 2013,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.23 Oracle Database Architecture Requires memory, processes and database files System Resources
- 24. Copyright © 2013,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.24 New Multitenant Architecture Memory and processes required at container level only System Resources
- 25. Copyright © 2013,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.25 New Multitenant Architecture Memory and processes required at container level only System Resources
- 26. Copyright © 2013,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.26 Consolidating Databases Step1: Upgrade databases in-place Upgrade in Place
- 27. Copyright © 2013,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.27 Consolidating Databases Step2: Plug-in upgraded databases
- 28. Copyright © 2013,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.28 Managing Shared Resources Resource management for consolidated databases High Priority Medium Priority Low Priority
- 29. Copyright © 2013,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.29 Simplified Patching Apply changes once, all pluggable databases updated Upgrade in-place
- 30. Copyright © 2013,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.30 Simplified Upgrades Flexible choice when patching & upgrading databases
- 31. Copyright © 2013,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.31 Manage Many Databases as One Backup databases as one, recover at pluggable database Level One Backup Point-in-time recovery at pluggable database level
- 32. Copyright © 2013,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.32 Manage Many Databases as One One standby database covers all pluggable databases
- 33. Copyright © 2013,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.33 GOLD SILVER BRONZE RAC, Data Guard, Daily Incrementals Data Guard, Daily Incrementals Weekly Full Backups Managing Database Service Level Tiers Change tiers as databases become more mission critical
- 34. Copyright © 2013,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.34 Creating Databases for Test and Development Fast, flexible copy and snapshot of pluggable databases
- 35. Copyright © 2013,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.35 Multitenant Architecture for SaaS Each customer’s data in private pluggable database
- 36. Copyright © 2013,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.36 Foundation of Private and Public Clouds
- 37. Copyright © 2013,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.37
- 38. Copyright © 2013,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.38