Apache Server Tutorial

Apache HTTP Server Essentials Jagat <jagat21@gmail.com>

Topics Overview  Apache HTTP Server Overview  Apache Configuration Files  Core Apache Configuration Directives  Virtual Hosts  Error Handling  Important Apache Modules  Q&A

Apache HTTP Server Overview  Free, Based On Open Source Technology.  Multiple Scripting Language Support.  Runs On * Operating Systems.  Web Server With a modular design.  Simple, Powerful file-based configuration.

Apache Configuration Files  httpd.conf  access.conf ( linux )  .htaccess  .htpasswd

Core Apache Configuration Directives  ServerRoot :: Apache Installation Directory Path. ServerRoot “e:/apache2.2.11"  Listen :: IP addresses and ports that the server listens. Listen 80 Listen 10.0.2.132:9111

Core Apache Configuration Directives (Cont…)  ServerAdmin :: Email Address that will be displayed in the error message when error occurs ServerAdmin jagat21@gmail.com  ServerName :: Current Server Name & Port ServerName localhost:80  ServerAlias :: Alternate Names for accessing virtual hosts. ServerAlias alias-1 alias-2

Core Apache Configuration Directives (Cont…)  DocumentRoot :: Main Document Directory as displayed on the Web Site. DocumentRoot “E:/wwwroot”  NameVirtualHost :: Designates an IP address for name-virtual host NameVirtualHost *:2125 NameVirtualHost 10.0.2.132:9111

Core Apache Configuration Directives (Cont…)  LoadModule :: Load Specific Apache Module. LoadModule test_module modules/mod_test.so  Include:: Includes other configuration files in the server configuration file. Include “test.conf” Include “e:/wwwroot/aliases/*.conf”

Core Apache Configuration Directives (Cont…)  IFModule :: Allows Module Specific Configurations. <IfModule module_name> Module Specific Configurations </IfModule> <IfModule !module_name> Module Specific Configurations </IfModule>

Core Apache Configuration Directives (Cont…)  IFModule (Cont...) :: <IfModule !autoindex_module> <IfModule dir_module> DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.htm </IfModule> </IfModule>

Core Apache Configuration Directives (Cont…)  Directory :: Allows group of directives applied to directory <Directory “E:/wwwroot/"> List of directives… ………………. ……………….. </Directory>

Core Apache Configuration Directives (Cont…)  Access Control Directives :: Determines who is allowed to access the website and who is kept out. Access can be granted based on following criteria :: • IP Address / Domain Name • Date & Time • Other User Defined Criteria

Core Apache Configuration Directives (Cont…)  Order :: Defines ordering for allow & deny Order Allow,Deny Order Deny,Allow  Allow :: Allows access from given IP Address or Domain Name Allow From all Allow From 192.168  Deny :: Deny access from given IP Address or Domain Name Deny From 192.168

Core Apache Configuration Directives (Cont…) Apache Configuration File <Directory “E:/wwwroot/protected”> Order allow,deny Allow from all Deny from 192.168. </Directory> .htaccess Order allow,deny Allow from all Deny from 192.168.

Core Apache Configuration Directives (Cont…)  FileMatch :: Allows to define Access Rights for specific files. <FilesMatch "^.ht"> Order allow,deny Deny from all </FilesMatch> <FilesMatch ".pdf$"> Order allow,deny Deny from all </FilesMatch>

Core Apache Configuration Directives (Cont…)  ErrorLog :: Error log File Location ErrorLog err-log-file location  TransferLog :: Access Log File Location TransferLog access-log-file location  CustomLog :: Custom Log File with custom Log Format CustomLog custom-log-file location Log-Format

Core Apache Configuration Directives (Cont…)  AuthType :: Type Of User Authentication AuthType Basic | Digest  AuthUserFile :: File name which contains username and password AuthUserFile <Directory>/FileName

Core Apache Configuration Directives (Cont…)  AuthName :: Authorization Title used in HTTP Authentication AuthName Authentication Title  Require :: Defines Type of Users/groups that can access Contents. Access Types can be :: group | user | valid-user. Require [Access Type] [ Access Name ] Require group admin

Virtual Hosts Allows more than one websites to run on the same physical server & Apache Server. Two Types Of Virtual Hosts can be created ::  IP-based Virtual Hosts  Name-based Virtual Hosts

Virtual Host Related Directives <VirtualHost [IP ADDRESS:PORT] > ServerAdmin DocumentRoot ServerName ServerAlias ErrorLog </ VirtualHost >

Common Virtual Host Examples Listen 2125 NameVirtualHost *:2125 <VirtualHost localhost:2125> ServerAdmin jagat21@gmail.com DocumentRoot "E:wwwrootzfBasics" ServerName localhost </VirtualHost> Listen 9111 NameVirtualHost *:9111 <VirtualHost *:9111> ServerAdmin jagat21@gmail.com DocumentRoot "E:wwwrootaddressbook“ </VirtualHost>

Server Virtual Host Examples NameVirtualHost *:80 <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin jagat21@gmail.com DocumentRoot "E:wwwrootzfManual" ServerName www.zendframeworkmanual.com ServerAlias zendframeworkmanual.com </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin jagat21@gmail.com DocumentRoot "E:wwwrootdemo" ServerName www.example.com ServerAlias example.com </VirtualHost>

Error Handling  Apache Server generates Status Codes depending on the Page/URL Request. • 301 Moved Permanently • 401 Unauthorized • 403 Forbidden • 404 Not Found • 500 Internal Server Error

Error Handling (Cont…)  ErrorDocument :: Allows to define Custom Error Pages ErrorDocument StatusCode <Custom Error Page Location> ErrorDocument 401 /error401.html ErrorDocument 403 /errordocs/error403.php ErrorDocument 404 http://www.yousite.com/error.php

Important Apache Modules mod_autoindex mod_auth mod_cgi mod_mime mod_rewrite mod_fastcgi mod_expires mod_alias mod_ssl mod_env mod_deflate mod_dir mod_include mod_proxy mod_headers mod_log_config

Thank You Jagat <jagat21@gmail.com>

Apache Server Tutorial

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Apache Server Tutorial