Android & iOS Automation Using Appium

Android & iOS automation using Appium Pre se nte r : Abhishe k Swain, Mindfire So lutio ns

About Me: Abhishek Swain, Software QA Engineer Mindfire Solutions Skills : Robotium , Appium , Selenium WebDriver , Maven , Junit , SQL .... Certifications : ISTQB Foundation Level, V-Skills Selenium Certified Connect Me : Facebook : http://www.facebook.com/jikun55 LinkedIn : http://in.linkedin.com/pub/abhishek-swain/58/8a/829/ Contact Me : Email : abhishek.swain@mindfiresolutions.com /mfsi.abhishek@gmail.com Skype: mfsi_abhishekswain

Agenda  Introduction  Features List  Current Limitations  Understanding Architecture  Automating Android Apps  Native/ Hybrid app  Mobile Web app  Automating iOS Apps  Prerequisites and configurations  On Simulators  On Real iDevices  Short Demo  Questions & Answers

Introduction Appium is an Open source , Cross Platform test automation tool for mobile apps Hosted with GitHub  Maintained by Dan Cuellar, Jonathan Lipps and a number of other contributors Supports automation of Native , Hybrid and Mobile Web apps Based on WebDriver JSON wire protocol Based on Client-Server Architecture Appium Server written in Node.js

Features Automation support for  iOS Mobile  Android  Firefox mobile OS Cross-Platform

Features Automation support for  Native App  Hybrid App  Mobile Web App Application Types

Features  Supports all the WebDriver Client Libraries  Java  Ruby  Python  JavaScript  PHP  C# Multiple Client Libraries

Features  Common Library for all the mobile platforms e.g. Android , iOS  Selenium WebDriver Interfaces implemented  Added mobile specific functions e.g. driver.pinch(), driver.zoom(), driver.currentActivity(), driver.lock() etc.  Common API for both Native and Web components Common API

Features  Android  Real Devices  Emulators  Native Browser  Mobile Chrome  iOS  Real iDevices (e.g. iPhone, iPad etc.)  Simulators  Mobile Safari Test Modalities

Limitations  Android  No Support for Toast messages  Android Version 4.2+ required  iOS  Needs mac OSX 10.7+, lower versions not supported

Architecture  Client Server Architecture  Based on WebDriver JSON Wire Protocol  Native test libraries of respective platform is the backbone of the backend

Architecture  Android  UiAutomator ( Version 4.2 or +)  Default Backend for Android  Selendroid ( Version 2.3+)  A separate open source project for Android automation  Instrumentation is the Backend  iOS  Apple’s UIAutomation Framework Which Native Library for Which Platform

Automation of Android Apps Native & Hybrid Apps

Requirements : (Java)  JAVA IDE (Eclipse)  Java JDK  Maven Plugin for Eclipse  Selenium WebDriver Dependencies/Appium Java-Client Dependency (Maven)  Android SDK  Junit  Emulator/ Real Device  Appium Server  Node.js (If running appium from source)

Configurations:  Environment Variables & Path Settings  JAVA_HOME  ANDROID_HOME  MAVEN_HOME  Android Platform Version 4.2+ must be installed

Test Script Development :  Create a maven project in Eclipse  Add dependency <dependency> <groupId>io.appium</groupId> <artifactId>java-client</artifactId> <version>1.1.0</version> </dependency>

Test Script Development : public void setUp() throws Exception { File classpathRoot = new File(System.getProperty("user.dir")); File appDir = new File(classpathRoot, "../../../apps/"); File app = new File(appDir, "App_Name.apk"); DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities(); capabilities.setCapability("deviceName","Android"); capabilities.setCapability("browserName", ""); capabilities.setCapability("platformVersion", "4.4"); capabilities.setCapability("app", app.getAbsolutePath()); capabilities.setCapability("appPackage", “package_name "); capabilities.setCapability("appActivity", ".activity_name"); driver = new AppiumDriver(new URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub"), capabilities); } public void tearDown() throws Exception { driver.quit(); }

Starting Appium Server From Source: Install Node.js Download Appium or Clone it using GitHub In cmd navigate to node_modules/appium/bin Run 'node appium [server arguments]' From GUI Interface: Do the configurations as needed from GUI Click launch button to launch appium server

Appium Server Arguments Usage : node appium [arguments](windows), appium & [arguments] (mac) --app : To specify the path to the AUT(iOS: .app, android: apk) -U , --udid : Unique device identifier of the connected physical device -a, --address : IP Address to listen on -p, --port : port to listen on --session-override : Enables session override --full-reset : (iOS) Delete the entire simulator folder. (Android) Reset app state by uninstalling app instead of clearing app data. On Android, this will also remove the app after the session is complete. --no-reset : Don't reset app state between sessions -l, --pre-launch : Pre-launch the application before allowing the first session Complete List : https://github.com/appium/appium/blob/master/docs/en/server-args.md

Automation of Android Apps Web Apps

Automating Web Apps public void setUp() throws Exception { DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities(); capabilities.setCapability("platformVersion", "4.4"); capabilities.setCapability("platformName","Android"); capabilities.setCapability("deviceName","Android Emulator"); capabilities.setCapability("browserName", "Browser or Chrome"); capabilities.setCapability("platformVersion", "4.4"); capabilities.setCapability("app", app.getAbsolutePath()); driver = new AppiumDriver(new URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub"), capabilities); }

Automating Web Apps  Download Google Chrome(30+) in PC  Navigate to ‘chrome://inspect’  Connect device / Start Emulator  Open the browser in the Device/Emulator and navigate to the URL under test  Click on inspect button on Chrome to get the page source and inspect elements How to get Locators?

Requirements : (Java)  Mac OS X 10.7+  Xcode 4.6.3+  iOS SDKs with Command Line Tools  JAVA IDE (Eclipse)  Java JDK  Maven Plugin for Eclipse  Selenium WebDriver Dependencies  Junit  Simulator/ Real Device  Appium Server  Node.js (If running appium from source)

Configurations:  Environment Variables & Path Settings  JAVA_HOME  ANDROID_HOME  MAVEN_HOME  iOS SDKs with Command Line Tools  Authorize the use of Instuments  Sudo grunt authorize (If running from source)  An alert prompts to do so if used GUI version of Appium

Collecting the .app build of AUT  Compile and Run the source code of AUT in iOS Simulators  Navigate to Library Application Support→ → iPhone Simulator [version] Applications→ → → [choose_folder_which_belongs_to_compiled_pro ject] application_name.app→

Developing Test Scripts public void setUp() throws Exception { File appDir = new File(System.getProperty("user.dir"), "../../../apps/"); File app = new File(appDir, “App_Name.app"); DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities(); capabilities.setCapability("browserName", ""); capabilities.setCapability("platformVersion", "7.1"); capabilities.setCapability("platformName", "Mac"); capabilities.setCapability("deviceName", "iPhone Simulator"); capabilities.setCapability("app", app.getAbsolutePath()); driver = new AppiumDriver(new URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub"), capabilities); } public void tearDown() throws Exception { driver.quit(); }

Starting Appium Server From Source: From Terminal run the following commands > brew install node # get node.js > npm install -g appium # get appium > npm install wd # get appium client > appium & # start appium From GUI Interface: > Make required configurations from GUI > Click Launch button to launch appium server

Running with Real Devices  Specify device UDID with appium server arguments or with the GUI version  Compile source of AUT in debug mode  AUT must be compiled with a Developers Signature and a Developer Provisioning profile(Not Distribution type)  Device must be authorized as a development device with xcode  Specify Bundle ID with appium after installing the ipa or running the AUT project directly to device

Appium Server Capabilities Complete List: https://github.com/appium/appium/blob/master/docs/en/caps.md

Locating Elements  By Class (UI component type) E.g UIATextField , UIAStaticText (iOS) android.widget.Button , android.widget.EditText (Android)  By Xpath (An abstract representation of certain element with constraints)  By Id  Some of the Mobile JSON Wire Protocol Strategies Accessibility ID (for iOS the accessibility identifier and for Android the content-description)

Appium Inspector  Inspect Elements and the element hierarchy with a GUI interface  Inspect the associated attributes of an element  Easily identify the Xpath for all the elements  Find the enable/disable status of an element  Record test scripts and export in the desired language  Verify mobile commands from Inspector before implementation

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References  appium.io  github.com/appium/appium

Android & iOS Automation Using Appium

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