TOEFL-PREPARATION

STRUCTURE 2
1. While trying to build a tunnel through B. nor write
the Blue Ridge Mountains, ____. C. or writing
A. coal was discovered by workmen at D. neither write
the construction site
B. workmen discovered coal at the 5. Microwaves are used for cooking,
construction site telecommunications, and ____.
C. the construction site was where coal A. to diagnose medically
was discovered by workmen B. medical diagnosing
D. it was the construction site where C. diagnosed medically
workmen discovered coal D. medical diagnosis

2. Published by Penguin Press almost 6. A vacuum will neither conduct heat nor
eighty years ago, ____ offered to the ____.
public. A. transmit sound waves
A. Ernest Hemingway wrote A B. transmitting sound waves
Farewell to Arms as the first C. sound waves are transmitted
paperback book. D. the transmission of sound waves
B. A Farewell to Arms was the first
paperback book by Ernest 7. The color of a star depends on the heat
Hemingway that it was and _____.
C. Ernest Hemingway's book A A. how much energy produced
Farewell to Arms was the first B. the energy it produces
paperback book C. production of the energy
D. it was A Farewell to Arms that was D. producing energy
the first paperback by Ernest
Hemingway 8. The Cabinet consists of secretaries of
departments who report to the
3. Born in 1892, ____ while he wrote the president, give him advice, and ____
poems and plays that made him decisions.
famous. A. helping him making
A. the Library of Congress is where B. helping him make
Archibald MacLeish worked as a C. help him making
librarian D. help him make
B. Archibald MacLeish worked as a
librarian at the Library of Congress 9. Whereas a gas expands ____ in all
C. a librarian at the Library of directions, a vapor remains somewhat
Congress, Archibald MacLeish more concentrated.
worked A. in a uniform manner
D. at the Library of Congress, B. uniformly
Archibald MacLeish worked as a C. uniformly in manner
librarian D. uniform

4. Most of the Cajun French who live in 10. That witches cause disaster and
Louisiana can neither read ____ the misfortunes ____ among the colonists in
French variety that they speak fluently. Salem, Massachusetts.
A. nor they write A. it was widely believed
B. was widely believed 17. The audible range of frequencies for
C. was believed in a wide way human beings ____ between 20 and
D. they widely believed 20,000Hz.
A. lies
11. Found in and near the Mohave Desert, B. lays
____ has a limited habitat. C. lying
A. is the Joshua tree that it D. laying
B. it is the Joshua tree
C. the Joshua tree 18. _____ mammals, once weaned, do not
D. the Joshua tree it routinely drink milk.
A. As a whole,
12. Traditionally, the South has been B. As whole,
mostly Democrat ____, while the North C. Wholly,
has been divided between Democrats D. On a whole,
and Republicans.
A. in the politics 19. People with exceptionally high
B. politically intelligence quotients may not be the
C. politics-wise best employees since they _____ unless
D. in a political way the job is constantly changing.
A. become bored of work
13. Digital clocks, however precise, ____ B. are becoming boring in work
because the earth's rotation changes C. become bored with their work
slightly over the year. D. work becoming bored
A. they cannot be perfectly accurate
B. cannot be perfectly accurate 20. In cold weather, growers place wind
C. not perfectly accurate machines ____ the groves to keep the
D. not be perfectly accurate air circulating and to warm up the
citrus crops.
14. Natural gas often occurs _____ A. near to
petroleum in the minute pores of rocks B. near of
such as sandstone and limestone. C. next to
A. both together with D. nearly
B. both together
C. with 21. In simple animals, ____ reflex
D. both with movement or involuntary response to
stimuli.
15. The Pilgrims ____ seven thousand A. behavior mostly
dollars at 43 percent interest to make B. most is behavior
their journey in 1620. C. most behavior is
A. lent D. the most behavior
B. borrowing
C. to lend 22. Although the weather in Martha's
D. borrowed Vineyard isn't _____ to have a year-
round tourist season, it has become a
16. Although blood ____ in urine and stool favorite summer resort.
samples, it cannot always be detected A. goodly enough
without the aid of a microscope. B. good enough
A. lets residue C. good as enough
B. leaves residue D. enough good
C. residues
D. making residue
23. According to the wave theory, ____ 29. As a general rule, the standard of living
population of the Americas may have ____ by the average output of each
been the result of a number of separate person in society.
migrations. A. is fixed
A. the B. fixed
B. their C. has fixed
C. that D. fixes
D. whose
30. The Consumer Price Index lists ____.
24. It is presumed that rules governing the A. how much costs every car
sharing of food influenced _____ that B. how much does every car cost
the earliest cultures evolved. C. how much every car costs
A. that the way D. how much are every car cost
B. is the way
C. the way 31. The Ford Theater where Lincoln was
D. which way shot ____.
A. must restore
25. Calculus, ____ elegant and economical B. must be restoring
symbolic system, can reduce complex C. must have been restored
problems to simple terms. D. must restored
A. it is an
B. that an 32. Fast-food restaurants have become
C. an popular because many working people
D. is an want _____.
A. to eat quickly and cheaply
26. Canada does not require that U.S. B. eating quickly and cheaply
citizens obtain passports to enter the C. eat quickly and cheaply
country, and _____. D. the eat quickly and cheaply
A. Mexico does neither
B. Mexico doesn't either 33. After seeing the movie Centennial,
C. neither Mexico does ____.
D. either does Mexico A. the book was read by many people
B. the book made many people want to
27. The poet, ____ just beginning to be read it
recognized as an important influence at C. many people wanted to read the
the time of his death. book
A. being Walt Whitman D. the reading of the book interested
B. who was Walt Whitman many people
C. Walt Whitman
D. Walt Whitman was 34. _______, Carl Sandburg is also well
known for his multivolume biography
28. _____ , the formation of the Sun, the of Lincoln.
planets, and other stars began with the A. An eminent American poet
condensation of an interstellar cloud. B. He is an eminent American poet
A. It accepted that C. An eminent American poet who is
B. Accepted that D. Despite an eminent American Poet
C. It is accepted that
D. That is accepted 35. The examiner made us ____ our
identification in order to be admitted to
the test center.
A. Showing
B. Show
C. Showed
D. to show

36. ____ range in color from pale yellow to

bright orange.
A. Canaries which
B. Canaries
C. That canaries
D. Canaries that are

37. ____ of precious gems is determined by

their hardness, color, and brilliance.
A. The valuable
B. It is the value
C. It is valuable
D. The value

38. ____ a tornado spins in a

counterclockwise direction in the
northern hemisphere, it spins in the
opposite direction in the southern
hemisphere.
A. However
B. Because of
C. Although
D. That

39. The Caldecott Medal, __ for the best

children's picture book, is awarded each
January.
A. a prize
B. which prize
C. is a prize which
D. is a prize

40. The horn of the rhinoceros consists of a

cone of tight bundles of keratin __ from
the tip of the middle finger to the
epidermis.
A. grow
B. grows
C. growing
D. they grow
Error Recognition

41. All thoroughbreds are descended from three Arabian stallion imported into England.
A B C D

42. By measuring the rate of decay of potassium isotopes in volcanic ash, scientists can date the
A B
lavers of volcanic ash and any human remains in they.
C D

43. Hundreds of partial to complete fossil skeletons of Triceratops have been gather in
A B C
North America from rocks of the late Cretaceous period.
D

44. By the time of the dinosaurs, turtles have already developed the hard shell into which their ‘
A B C
heads and legs could be drawn.
D

45. A zoom lens produces an inverted real image, either on the film in a camera and on the light-
A B C D
sensitive tube of a television camera.

46. The leaves and young twigs of the henna plant are ground into a powder to produce a paste
A B C
that can used as a dye.
D

47. Thirty-one pairs of spinal nerves are present in humans, and each pair have two roots.
A B C D

48. William Randolph Hearst built a chain of newspapers that included 25 dailies and 11 Sunday
A B C
editions at their peak in 1937.
D

49. The electromagnetic spectrum consists in bands of different wavelengths.

A B C D

50. Lemon trees are similar in longevity and appear to orange trees but have more upright
A B C
growth.
D

51. Christopher Columbus, alike many other explorers, underestimated the size of the Earth and
A B C
overestimated the width of Asia.
D

52. Manganese, found in trace amounts in higher animals, activates a large amount of the
A B
enzymes involved in metabolic processes.

53. The remains of Homo erectus, an extinct species of early man, was first discovered on the
A B C D
island of Java by Dutch physician Eugene Debois.

54. The Ford Motor Company introduced the moving assembly line in 1914 so that it will be able
A B
to meet the huge demand for its Model T.
C D

55. By 1830, approximately 200 steamboats had become operationally on the Mississippi River.
A B C D