TEST 12

SECTION ONE: GRAMMAR

Choose the best answer (A, B, C, or D) to fill in each of the gaps in
each sentence.

1. _______ a necessary dimension for measuring astronomical space and the

distance of heavenly bodies from the Earth.
A. Once in time B. Time is C. The time D. It is time

2. Jackie Joyner-Kersce, _______ the world record in the heptathlon in the 1988
Olympics, also won the long jump in that year.
A. whose setting B. which she set C. whoever set D. who set

3. The fossilized remains of a type of camel _______ a dog have been found in the
Bad Lands of South Dakota.
A. no more large B. no larger than C. not larger D. which no larger

4. Gorillas are quiet animals, _______ they are capable of making about 20 different
sounds.
A. whether B. which C. even though D. as well as

5. Although the Earth's chemical composition had been studied for years, only
toward the end of the nineteenth century _______ as a discipline in its own right.
A. when geochemistry was recognized B. was geochemistry recognized
C. then recognized as geochemistry D. as geochemistry was recognized

6. Because the wood of the dogwood tree is very hard, _______ is used for objects,
such as roller skate wheels, in which hardness is desired.
A. and B. it C. what D. thus

7. In hot, dry regions, the Sun's heat causes the outer layer of rocks _______, a
process called exfoliation.
A. are expanded and peeled away B. to expand and peel away
C. expands and peels away D. they expand and peel away

8. The lower _______ in a room, the more slowly our eyes focus.
A. the level of lighting B. light level C. leveling of light
D. lighting is level

9. _______ Sarah Orne Jeweft, a nineteenth-century writer, read widely in her

family's extensive library.
A. That she received little education formally
B. The little formal education that she received
C. Little formal education that was received by
D. Although she received little formal education,

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10. In the early twentieth century, the "Model T" automobile was mass-produced
and sold at a price_______ could afford.
A. the average person who B. that the average person who
C. and the average person D. the average person

11. Not only _______ all the positive charge of an atom, it is also the site of the
weight of every atom.
A. does the nucleus hold B. the nucleus holding
C. the nucleus does hold D. holds the nucleus

12. The wind-rippled sand at California's Kelso Dunes resembles _______.

A. to be an ocean floor B. as an ocean floor C. an ocean floor
D. being an ocean floor

13. Fossil records indicate _______ existing in the past have become extinct.
A. that many species of organisms B. many species of organisms that
C. many species of organisms are D. there are many organisms

14. Experiments related to the sense of smell are more easily _______ than those
related to perception of color.
A. setting them up B. to set up C. set up D. sets up those

15. The Pulitzer Prize has been _______ in American literature for more than
seventy years.
A. the award most prestigious that B. the most prestigious award
C. a prestigious award that most D. most prestigious award

16. The province of Newfoundland has _______ than any other region of North
America in which the first language is English.
A. its longer history B. a longer history
C. the longer the history D. the history is longer
17. Clinical psychologist Dr. Carl Rogers found that 80 percent _______ verbal
communication involved five types of responses: evaluative, interpretive,
supportive, probing, and understanding.
A. all B. is the C. with D. of all

18. The early feminist leader Susan B. Anthony became increasingly aware through
her work in the temperance movement _______ the same rights as men.
A. women were not granted that B. that women were not granted
C. not granted women that were D. that were not granted women

19. DNA, _______, is found in the cell nucleus in the form of very long and thin
molecules consisting of two spiral strands.
A. inherits material B. is inheritance material
C. material is inherited D. the material of
inheritance

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20. _______ plants, which manufacture their own food, animals
obtain nourishment by acquiring and ingesting their food.
A. Unlike B. Different C. Whereas D. As much

21. The Hawaiian alphabet, introduced by missionaries in the 1820's, _______ and
only seven consonants.
A. the five vowels consist of B. consisting of five vowels
C. that consists of five vowels D. consists of five vowels

22. Working like a telescope, _______ the size of objects at great distances.
A. which magnifies a telephoto lens B. a telephoto lens magnifies
C. a telephoto lens which magnifies D. and magnifying a telephoto lens

23. Volcanoes are divided into three main groups, based on their shape and the
type of material they _______.
A. are made B. made of C. are made of D. made for

24. _______ to inanimate objects, such as machines, is a form of

animism.
A. When attributing emotion B. Attributing emotion
C. Emotion is attributed D. If emotion is attributed

25. _______, dolphins have no sense of smell.

A. As known as far B. Known thus far as C. It is known as far
D. As far as is known

26. The growth of psychobiology owes _______ to major conceptual advances in the
way people think about the brain.
A. much B. as much as C. much which D. there is so much

27. In 1938 Pearl S. Buck became the first American woman _______ the Nobel Prize
for Literature.
A. receive B. received C. to receive D. she received

28. Now considered an art form, quilt-making originated as a means of fashioning

bed covers from bits of fabric that otherwise _______.
A. not use B. were no use C. had no use D. it was not used

29. The early years of the United States government were characterized by a
debate concerning _______ or individual states should have more power.
A. whether the federal government B. either the federal government
C. that the federal government D. the federal government

30. Beneath the streets of a modern city _______ of walls, columns, cables, pipes,
and tunnels required to satisfy the needs of its inhabitants.
A. where exists the network B. the existing network
C. the network's existence D. exists the network

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31. The socialization process explains _______ of societies through successive
generations but also the ability of a society's members to have meaningful
interactions.
A. that continuity, only not B. continuity, only not that
C. the only continuity not D. not only the continuity

32. Heat transfer takes place when _______ with a warmer substance.
A. is there a colder substance B. a colder substance comes into
contact
C. does the colder substance contact D. contacts a colder substance

33. Formerly called natural philosophy, physics has retained _______ of

understanding the structure of the natural world and explaining natural
phenomena.
A. its original aim B. it aimed original C. its original aim was D. aiming
originally

34. Some bird species have a song that is totally uninfluenced _______ environment
during their development, whereas other species learn from other birds while
young.
A. the B. yet the C. since the D. by the

35. Prior to the eighteenth century, _______ storms formed and died out at the
same location.
A. a common belief that B. that a common belief
C. it was commonly believed that D. because it was commonly believed

36. Grown widely in Iowa and Illinois, the soybean provides one of the world's
_______ sources of protein.
A. useful and cheaper mostly B. cheapest and most useful
C. cheapest and useful mostly D. most cheaply and useful

37. Copper _______ used by humans and is second only to iron in its utility through
the ages.
A. the first metal B. was the first metal
C. the first metal that D. being the first
metal

38. _______ are inert outside living cells, but within the appropriate cells they can
replicate, causing viral diseases in host organism.
A. Viruses B. That viruses C. Viruses, which D. Despite viruses

39. The United States Constitution provides for a count of the population _______ a
census, every ten years.
A. that it is called B. when called C. called D. as called

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40. Digital recording has made _______ a significantly wider dynamic range, in
recorded music.
A. for the possibility B. the possibility is C. it is possible D. possible

41. Not only _______ people to send words, music, and codes to any part of the
world, it can also be used to communicate far into space.
A. enable by radio B. radio enable C. does radio enable D. radio has
enable

42. Allegory is a literary device _______ another level of meaning is concealed

within what is usually a story.
A. which B. by which C. which is D. which it is

43. The fact that _______ was discovered in 1923 by the astronomer Edwin Hubble.
A. the expansion of the universe B. the universe is expanding
C. the universe, which is expanding D. when the universe expands

44. Today _______ little fossil ivory remains comes from Alaska.
A. what B. which C. there is D. where

45. Although most famous for her paintings of the Southwest desert, ________ as
well.
A. Georgia O'keeffe painted many urban scenes
B. the painting of many urban scenes by Georgia O'keeffe
C. were many urban scenes painted by Georgia O'keeffe
D. Georgia O'keeffe painting of many urban scenes
SECTION TWO: VOCABULARY
Choose the best answer (A, B, C, or D) that best fits in each gap.
1. Many poets have ________ the beauties of the countryside.
A. extolled B. feared C. excited D. inhibited
2. Hopes of finding the missing climbers are now beginning to ________.
A. reduce B. faint C. dim D. fade
3. The team’s coach insisted on a program of ________ training before the big
game.
A. rigorous B. slack C. severe D. positive
4. Prices at Greek hotels are still affordable, but in Switzerland they are ________.
A. moderate B. inaccessible C. reasonable D. exorbitant
5. The crash ________ the motorway for several hours.
A. prevented B. hindered C. obstructed D. inhibited
6. After his wife’s death, he ________ drinking.
A. got to B. came to C. held to D. took to
7. The plague, otherwise known as the Black Death, was a ________ disease.
A. contagious B. contiguous C. contingent D. congenial
8. The young man felt ________ in the presence of so many young ladies.
A. inhospitable B. hindered C. inhibited D. prohibited

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9. It was obvious that the child suffered from a serious speech ________.
A. handicap B. impediment C. inhibition D. hindrance
10. His heavy boots ________ him at work.
A. hampered B. stemmed C. repelled D. compelled
A solution to (11) ________— desires and expectations perhaps lies in the
recognition that wealth does not involve having many things. It involves having
what we long for. Wealth is not an absolute. It is relative to desire. Every time we
seek something we cannot afford, we grow poorer, whatever our resources. And
every time we feel satisfied with what we have, we can be (12) ________ as rich,
however little we may actually own. There are two ways to make people richer: to
give them more money or to (13) ________ their desires. Modern societies have
succeeded spectacularly at the first option but, by continuously inflaming
appetites, they have at the same time helped to negate a share of their most
impressive achievements.
The most effective way to feel wealthy may not be to try to make more money.
It can be to (14) ________ ourselves - practically and emotionally - from anyone we
both consider to be our equal and who has become richer than us. Rather than
trying to become bigger fish, we should concentrate our energies on (15) ________
around us smaller companions next to whom our own size will not (16) ________ us.
In so far as advanced societies provide us with historically elevated incomes, they
appear to make us richer. But, in truth, the net effect of these societies may be to
(17) ________ us because, by fostering unlimited expectations, they keep open a
permanent gap between what we want and what we can afford, who we are and
who we might be. The (18) ________ we have paid for expecting to be so much
more than our ancestors is the permanent feeling that we are far from being all we
might be. We should be careful what we read in the papers and what programs we
watch. No matter what the media (19) ________ at us, we must remain realistic in
our goals and expectations and not allow ourselves to be (20) ________ into a life of
materialism.

11. A. coiling B. curving C. spiraling D.

revolving
12. A. counted B. added C. thought D.
accounted
13. A. refer B. reassure C. recline D. restrain
14. A. dispute B. vary C. single D. distance
15. A. gathering B. heaping C. loading D.
distributing
16. A. brood B. fret C. trouble D.
console
17. A. redeem B. impoverish C. enrich D. augment
18. A. fee B. price C. fund D. charge
19. A. sends B. delivers C. exploits D.
throws
20. A. liberated B. quarantined C. brainwashed D.
investigated

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SECTION THREE: READING