Mocking requests.post and requests.json decoder python

Mocking requests.post and requests.json decoder python

To mock requests.post and the JSON decoder in Python for testing purposes, you can use unittest.mock from the Python standard library. This allows you to simulate HTTP POST requests and mock the response data. Here's an example of how you can achieve this using unittest and requests_mock for mocking:

Example Setup

Assume you have a function that makes a POST request using requests.post and expects JSON data in response. Here's how you can mock this behavior:

# example.py import requests def fetch_data(url): response = requests.post(url) if response.status_code == 200: return response.json() else: return None

Testing with Mocking

Now, let's write a test case using unittest and requests_mock to mock requests.post and the JSON decoder:

# test_example.py import unittest import requests import requests_mock from unittest.mock import patch from example import fetch_data class TestFetchData(unittest.TestCase): @requests_mock.mock() # Decorate the test method to mock requests def test_fetch_data_success(self, mock_request): url = 'https://example.com/api/data' expected_data = {'key': 'value'} # Mock the POST request and JSON response mock_request.post(url, json=expected_data) # Call the function under test result = fetch_data(url) # Assert the result matches the expected data self.assertEqual(result, expected_data) @patch('requests.post') def test_fetch_data_failure(self, mock_post): url = 'https://example.com/api/data' # Mock the POST request to return a non-200 status code mock_response = requests.Response() mock_response.status_code = 404 mock_post.return_value = mock_response # Call the function under test result = fetch_data(url) # Assert that the result is None for failure case self.assertIsNone(result) if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main()

Explanation:

  1. Mocking requests_mock.mock():

    • @requests_mock.mock() decorator is used to mock HTTP requests. It allows you to define expected behaviors for requests made using requests.

  2. Testing Success Case (test_fetch_data_success):

    • mock_request.post(url, json=expected_data): Defines that when a POST request is made to url, it should return expected_data as JSON.

  3. Testing Failure Case (test_fetch_data_failure):

    • @patch('requests.post'): Uses unittest.mock.patch to patch requests.post, allowing you to control its behavior.
    • mock_response.status_code = 404: Simulates a failure response (HTTP status code 404).

  4. Assertion:

    • self.assertEqual(result, expected_data): Asserts that the result of fetch_data(url) matches expected_data for the success case.
    • self.assertIsNone(result): Asserts that the result is None for the failure case.

Running the Tests

To run the tests:

python -m unittest test_example.py

Ensure you have requests_mock installed (pip install requests_mock) for mocking HTTP requests with requests.

This approach allows you to test code that makes HTTP requests using requests.post in isolation, ensuring your tests are reliable and independent of external services. Adjust the test cases and mock behaviors according to your specific testing needs and scenarios.

Examples

  1. Python mock requests.post for unit testing

    • Description: Mock the requests.post method to simulate HTTP POST requests for unit testing purposes.
    • Code:
      import requests import unittest from unittest.mock import patch def my_function(url, data): response = requests.post(url, json=data) return response.json() class TestMyFunction(unittest.TestCase): @patch('requests.post') def test_my_function(self, mock_post): # Mock response mock_post.return_value.json.return_value = {'key': 'value'} # Call the function with mocked post result = my_function('https://example.com/api', {'data': 'test'}) # Assertions self.assertEqual(result, {'key': 'value'}) mock_post.assert_called_once_with('https://example.com/api', json={'data': 'test'}) if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main()

  2. Python mock requests.json decoder for testing

    • Description: Mock the decoding of JSON responses from requests.post for unit testing scenarios.
    • Code:
      import requests import unittest from unittest.mock import patch def my_function(url, data): response = requests.post(url, json=data) return response.json() class TestMyFunction(unittest.TestCase): @patch('requests.post') def test_my_function(self, mock_post): # Mock JSON decoding mock_post.return_value.json.return_value = {'key': 'value'} # Call the function with mocked post result = my_function('https://example.com/api', {'data': 'test'}) # Assertions self.assertEqual(result, {'key': 'value'}) mock_post.assert_called_once_with('https://example.com/api', json={'data': 'test'}) if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main()

  3. Python mock requests.post with different status codes

    • Description: Mock requests.post with different HTTP status codes to test various response scenarios.
    • Code:
      import requests import unittest from unittest.mock import patch def my_function(url, data): response = requests.post(url, json=data) return response.status_code, response.json() class TestMyFunction(unittest.TestCase): @patch('requests.post') def test_my_function_success(self, mock_post): # Mock successful response mock_post.return_value.status_code = 200 mock_post.return_value.json.return_value = {'key': 'value'} # Call the function with mocked post status_code, result = my_function('https://example.com/api', {'data': 'test'}) # Assertions self.assertEqual(status_code, 200) self.assertEqual(result, {'key': 'value'}) mock_post.assert_called_once_with('https://example.com/api', json={'data': 'test'}) @patch('requests.post') def test_my_function_error(self, mock_post): # Mock error response mock_post.return_value.status_code = 404 mock_post.return_value.json.return_value = {'error': 'not found'} # Call the function with mocked post status_code, result = my_function('https://example.com/api', {'data': 'test'}) # Assertions self.assertEqual(status_code, 404) self.assertEqual(result, {'error': 'not found'}) mock_post.assert_called_once_with('https://example.com/api', json={'data': 'test'}) if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main()

  4. Python mock requests.post with exceptions

    • Description: Mock requests.post to raise exceptions for error handling scenarios in unit tests.
    • Code:
      import requests import unittest from unittest.mock import patch def my_function(url, data): try: response = requests.post(url, json=data) response.raise_for_status() return response.json() except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e: return {'error': str(e)} class TestMyFunction(unittest.TestCase): @patch('requests.post') def test_my_function_success(self, mock_post): # Mock successful response mock_post.return_value.status_code = 200 mock_post.return_value.json.return_value = {'key': 'value'} # Call the function with mocked post result = my_function('https://example.com/api', {'data': 'test'}) # Assertions self.assertEqual(result, {'key': 'value'}) mock_post.assert_called_once_with('https://example.com/api', json={'data': 'test'}) @patch('requests.post') def test_my_function_error(self, mock_post): # Mock exception mock_post.side_effect = requests.exceptions.HTTPError('404 Client Error: Not Found') # Call the function with mocked post result = my_function('https://example.com/api', {'data': 'test'}) # Assertions self.assertEqual(result, {'error': '404 Client Error: Not Found'}) mock_post.assert_called_once_with('https://example.com/api', json={'data': 'test'}) if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main()

  5. Python mock requests.post with custom responses

    • Description: Mock requests.post to return custom responses based on specific conditions or inputs.
    • Code:
      import requests import unittest from unittest.mock import patch def my_function(url, data): response = requests.post(url, json=data) if response.status_code == 200: return response.json() else: return {'error': 'HTTP error'} class TestMyFunction(unittest.TestCase): @patch('requests.post') def test_my_function_success(self, mock_post): # Mock successful response mock_post.return_value.status_code = 200 mock_post.return_value.json.return_value = {'key': 'value'} # Call the function with mocked post result = my_function('https://example.com/api', {'data': 'test'}) # Assertions self.assertEqual(result, {'key': 'value'}) mock_post.assert_called_once_with('https://example.com/api', json={'data': 'test'}) @patch('requests.post') def test_my_function_error(self, mock_post): # Mock error response mock_post.return_value.status_code = 404 mock_post.return_value.json.return_value = {'error': 'not found'} # Call the function with mocked post result = my_function('https://example.com/api', {'data': 'test'}) # Assertions self.assertEqual(result, {'error': 'HTTP error'}) mock_post.assert_called_once_with('https://example.com/api', json={'data': 'test'}) if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main()

  6. Python mock requests.post with timeout

    • Description: Mock requests.post to simulate timeout scenarios in unit tests.
    • Code:
      import requests import unittest from unittest.mock import patch def my_function(url, data): try: response = requests.post(url, json=data, timeout=1) response.raise_for_status() return response.json() except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e: return {'error': str(e)} class TestMyFunction(unittest.TestCase): @patch('requests.post') def test_my_function_success(self, mock_post): # Mock successful response mock_post.return_value.status_code = 200 mock_post.return_value.json.return_value = {'key': 'value'} # Call the function with mocked post result = my_function('https://example.com/api', {'data': 'test'}) # Assertions self.assertEqual(result, {'key': 'value'}) mock_post.assert_called_once_with('https://example.com/api', json={'data': 'test'}, timeout=1) @patch('requests.post') def test_my_function_timeout(self, mock_post): # Mock timeout mock_post.side_effect = requests.exceptions.Timeout('Request timed out') # Call the function with mocked post result = my_function('https://example.com/api', {'data': 'test'}) # Assertions self.assertEqual(result, {'error': 'Request timed out'}) mock_post.assert_called_once_with('https://example.com/api', json={'data': 'test'}, timeout=1) if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main()

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