ASP.NET MVC 5 culture in route and url

ASP.NET MVC 5 culture in route and url

In ASP.NET MVC 5, you can set the culture in the route and URL by including a culture parameter in the route definition and setting it in the RouteData of the request.

Here's an example of how to do this:

  • Define a route that includes a culture parameter in the URL pattern, such as {culture}/{controller}/{action}/{id}.
routes.MapRoute( name: "CultureRoute", url: "{culture}/{controller}/{action}/{id}", defaults: new { culture = "en", controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional } );
  • Set the culture in the RouteData of the request by creating a custom route handler that extracts the culture from the route and sets it in the Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture and Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture properties.
public class CultureRouteHandler : MvcRouteHandler { protected override IHttpHandler GetHttpHandler(RequestContext requestContext) { string cultureName = requestContext.RouteData.Values["culture"] as string; CultureInfo culture = new CultureInfo(cultureName); Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = culture; Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture = culture; return base.GetHttpHandler(requestContext); } }
  • Register the custom route handler for the culture route.
routes.MapRoute( name: "CultureRoute", url: "{culture}/{controller}/{action}/{id}", defaults: new { culture = "en", controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }, constraints: new { culture = new CultureConstraint() } ).RouteHandler = new CultureRouteHandler();

The CultureConstraint class is a custom constraint that validates that the culture in the route is a valid culture. You can define it as follows:

public class CultureConstraint : IRouteConstraint { public bool Match(HttpContextBase httpContext, Route route, string parameterName, RouteValueDictionary values, RouteDirection routeDirection) { string cultureName = values[parameterName] as string; return cultureName != null && CultureInfo.GetCultures(CultureTypes.AllCultures).Any(c => c.Name.Equals(cultureName, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase)); } }

With this setup, you can generate URLs with a specific culture using the UrlHelper:

@Url.Action("Index", "Home", new { culture = "fr-FR" })

This will generate a URL with the fr-FR culture, such as /fr-FR/Home/Index.

Examples

  1. Set Default Culture in Global.asax

    • "Set default culture in ASP.NET MVC 5 Global.asax"
    • Code:
      protected void Application_Start() { AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas(); // Set default culture CultureInfo.DefaultThreadCurrentCulture = new CultureInfo("en-US"); CultureInfo.DefaultThreadCurrentUICulture = new CultureInfo("en-US"); // ... other configurations }
    • Description: Configures the default culture for the entire application in the Application_Start method of Global.asax.

  2. Implement Culture in Route Configuration

    • "Implement culture in ASP.NET MVC 5 route configuration"
    • Code:
      routes.MapRoute( name: "CultureRoute", url: "{culture}/{controller}/{action}/{id}", defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }, constraints: new { culture = new CultureConstraint() } );
    • Description: Adds a route with a culture parameter in the URL and enforces constraints using a custom CultureConstraint.

  3. Create CultureConstraint Class

    • "Create CultureConstraint class for ASP.NET MVC 5 route"
    • Code:
      public class CultureConstraint : IRouteConstraint { public bool Match(HttpContextBase httpContext, Route route, string parameterName, RouteValueDictionary values, RouteDirection routeDirection) { string[] supportedCultures = { "en-US", "fr-FR" }; // Add supported cultures string culture = values["culture"]?.ToString(); return supportedCultures.Contains(culture); } }
    • Description: Implements a custom CultureConstraint class to validate the culture parameter in the route.

  4. Extract Culture from URL in Controller

    • "Extract culture from URL in ASP.NET MVC 5 controller"
    • Code:
      public class BaseController : Controller { protected override void Initialize(RequestContext requestContext) { string culture = (string)requestContext.RouteData.Values["culture"] ?? "en-US"; CultureInfo cultureInfo = new CultureInfo(culture); Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = cultureInfo; Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture = cultureInfo; base.Initialize(requestContext); } }
    • Description: Uses a base controller to extract the culture from the URL and set it as the current culture for the request.

  5. Generate Culture-Specific URLs

    • "Generate culture-specific URLs in ASP.NET MVC 5"
    • Code:
      @Html.ActionLink("Home", "Index", "Home", new { culture = "en-US" }, null)
    • Description: Uses ActionLink to generate URLs with culture-specific routes in views.

  6. Switch Culture in Controller Action

    • "Switch culture in ASP.NET MVC 5 controller action"
    • Code:
      public ActionResult ChangeCulture(string culture) { string returnUrl = HttpContext.Request.UrlReferrer?.AbsolutePath ?? "/"; CultureInfo.CurrentCulture = new CultureInfo(culture); CultureInfo.CurrentUICulture = new CultureInfo(culture); return Redirect(returnUrl); }
    • Description: Implements a controller action to change the culture and redirects to the previous page.

  7. Persist Culture in Cookie

    • "Persist culture in ASP.NET MVC 5 cookie"
    • Code:
      public ActionResult ChangeCulture(string culture) { string returnUrl = HttpContext.Request.UrlReferrer?.AbsolutePath ?? "/"; CultureInfo.CurrentCulture = new CultureInfo(culture); CultureInfo.CurrentUICulture = new CultureInfo(culture); // Persist culture in cookie HttpCookie cookie = new HttpCookie("culture", culture); Response.Cookies.Add(cookie); return Redirect(returnUrl); }
    • Description: Persists the selected culture in a cookie to maintain the user's preference across sessions.

  8. Apply Culture in Action Filters

    • "Apply culture in ASP.NET MVC 5 action filter"
    • Code:
      public class CultureFilterAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute { public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext) { string culture = (string)filterContext.RouteData.Values["culture"] ?? "en-US"; CultureInfo.CurrentCulture = new CultureInfo(culture); CultureInfo.CurrentUICulture = new CultureInfo(culture); base.OnActionExecuting(filterContext); } }
    • Description: Utilizes an action filter (CultureFilterAttribute) to apply the culture before executing controller actions.

  9. Handle Missing Culture in Route

    • "Handle missing culture in ASP.NET MVC 5 route"
    • Code:
      public class CultureHandler : IRouteHandler { public IHttpHandler GetHttpHandler(RequestContext requestContext) { string culture = requestContext.RouteData.Values["culture"]?.ToString() ?? "en-US"; requestContext.RouteData.Values["culture"] = culture; return new MvcHandler(requestContext); } }
    • Description: Implements a custom CultureHandler to handle cases where the culture is missing in the route.

  10. Localization in Views with Resource Files

    • "Localization in ASP.NET MVC 5 views with resource files"
    • Code (in Razor view):
      <p>@Resources.HomePageWelcomeMessage</p>
    • Description: Uses resource files for localization in views, allowing for translated content.

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