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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> 1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
2<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> 2<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">SystemTap Beginners Guide</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="Common_Content/css/default.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="print" href="Common_Content/css/print.css" type="text/css" /><meta xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" name="generator" content="publican v4.0.0" /><meta xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" name="package" content="SystemTap-SystemTap_Beginners_Guide-2.6-en-US-2.0-1" /><meta name="description" content="This guide provides basic instructions on how to use SystemTap to monitor different subsystems of a Linux system in finer detail." /><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="SystemTap Beginners Guide" /><link rel="next" href="SystemTap_Beginners_Guide-Preface.html" title="Preface" /></head><body><p id="title"><a class="left" href="https://fedorahosted.org/publican"><img alt="Product Site" src="Common_Content/images//image_left.png" /></a><a class="right" href="https://fedorahosted.org/publican"><img alt="Documentation Site" src="Common_Content/images//image_right.png" /></a></p><ul class="docnav top"><li class="previous"></li><li class="home">SystemTap Beginners Guide</li><li class="next"><a accesskey="n" href="SystemTap_Beginners_Guide-Preface.html"><strong>Next</strong></a></li></ul><div xml:lang="en-US" class="book" lang="en-US"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="producttitle"><span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="productname">SystemTap</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="productnumber">2.6</span></div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="idm246873842800"></a>SystemTap Beginners Guide</h1></div><div><h2 class="subtitle">Introduction to SystemTap</h2></div><p xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="edition">Edition 2.6</p><div><h3 class="corpauthor">
3<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>SystemTap Beginners Guide</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="Common_Content/css/default.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="print" href="Common_Content/css/print.css" type="text/css" /><meta name="generator" content="publican 2.8" /><meta name="package" content="Systemtap-SystemTap_Beginners_Guide-2.2-en-US-2.2-2" /><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="SystemTap Beginners Guide" /><link rel="next" href="SystemTap_Beginners_Guide-Preface.html" title="Preface" /></head><body><p id="title"><a class="left" href="https://fedorahosted.org/publican"><img src="Common_Content/images/image_left.png" alt="Product Site" /></a><a class="right" href="https://fedorahosted.org/publican"><img src="Common_Content/images/image_right.png" alt="Documentation Site" /></a></p><ul class="docnav"><li class="previous"></li><li class="next"><a accesskey="n" href="SystemTap_Beginners_Guide-Preface.html"><strong>Next</strong></a></li></ul><div xml:lang="en-US" class="book" id="idp12540960" lang="en-US"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="producttitle"><span class="productname">Systemtap</span> <span class="productnumber">2.2</span></div><div><h1 id="idp12540960" class="title">SystemTap Beginners Guide</h1></div><p class="edition">Edition 2.2</p><div><h3 class="corpauthor"> 3 <span class="inlinemediaobject"><object data="Common_Content/images/title_logo.svg" type="image/svg+xml"><img src="Common_Content/images/title_logo.png" alt="Logo" /></object></span>
4 <span class="inlinemediaobject"><object data="Common_Content/images/title_logo.svg" type="image/svg+xml"> Logo</object></span>
5 4
6 </h3></div><div><div xml:lang="en-US" class="authorgroup" lang="en-US"><h3 class="corpauthor"> 5 </h3></div><div><div xml:lang="en-US" class="authorgroup" lang="en-US"><h3 class="corpauthor">
7 Red Hat, Inc. 6 Red Hat, Inc.
8 </h3><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Don</span> <span class="surname">Domingo </span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Engineering Services and Operations</span> <span class="orgdiv">Content Services</span></div><code class="email"><a class="email" href="mailto:ddomingo@redhat.com">ddomingo@redhat.com</a></code></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">William</span> <span class="surname">Cohen</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Engineering Services and Operations</span> <span class="orgdiv">Performance Tools</span></div><code class="email"><a class="email" href="mailto:wcohen@redhat.com">wcohen@redhat.com</a></code></div></div></div><div><p class="copyright">Copyright © 2013 Red Hat, Inc</p></div><hr /><div><div id="idp22871968" class="legalnotice"><h1 class="legalnotice">Legal Notice</h1><div class="para"> 7 </h3><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Don</span> <span class="surname">Domingo </span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="orgname">Engineering Services and Operations</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="orgdiv">Content Services</span></div><code class="email"><a class="email" href="mailto:ddomingo@redhat.com">ddomingo@redhat.com</a></code></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">William</span> <span class="surname">Cohen</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="orgname">Engineering Services and Operations</span> <span xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" class="orgdiv">Performance Tools</span></div><code class="email"><a class="email" href="mailto:wcohen@redhat.com">wcohen@redhat.com</a></code></div></div></div><div><p class="copyright">Copyright © 2013 Red Hat, Inc</p></div><div><div class="legalnotice"><a id="idm246928404112"></a><h1 class="legalnotice">Legal Notice</h1><div class="para">
9 This documentation is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by the Free Software Foundation. 8 This documentation is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by the Free Software Foundation.
10 </div><div class="para"> 9 </div><div class="para">
11 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. 10 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
@@ -13,4 +12,6 @@
13 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. 12 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
14 </div><div class="para"> 13 </div><div class="para">
15 For more details see the file COPYING in the source distribution of Linux. 14 For more details see the file COPYING in the source distribution of Linux.
16 </div></div></div></div><hr /></div><div class="toc"><dl><dt><span class="preface"><a href="SystemTap_Beginners_Guide-Preface.html">Preface</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="SystemTap_Beginners_Guide-Preface.html#idp35045504">1. Document Conventions</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="SystemTap_Beginners_Guide-Preface.html#idp49732512">1.1. Typographic Conventions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="SystemTap_Beginners_Guide-Preface.html#idp50742544">1.2. Pull-quote Conventions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="SystemTap_Beginners_Guide-Preface.html#idp30437968">1.3. Notes and Warnings</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="pr01s02.html">2. We Need Feedback!</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="introduction.html">1. Introduction</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="introduction.html#goals">1.1. Documentation Goals</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="intro-systemtap-vs-others.html">1.2. SystemTap Capabilities</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="using-systemtap.html">2. Using SystemTap</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using-systemtap.html#using-setup">2.1. Installation and Setup</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using-systemtap.html#installproper">2.1.1. Installing SystemTap</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using-systemtap.html#install-kinfo">2.1.2. Installing Required Kernel Information RPMs</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using-systemtap.html#testing">2.1.3. Initial Testing</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="cross-compiling.html">2.2. Generating Instrumentation for Other Computers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using-usage.html">2.3. Running SystemTap Scripts</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using-usage.html#flight-recorder">2.3.1. SystemTap Flight Recorder Mode</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="understanding-how-systemtap-works.html">3. Understanding How SystemTap Works</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="understanding-how-systemtap-works.html#understanding-architecture-tools">3.1. Architecture</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="scripts.html">3.2. SystemTap Scripts</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="scripts.html#systemtapscript-events">3.2.1. Event</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="systemtapscript-handler.html">3.2.2. Systemtap Handler/Body</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="scriptconstructions.html">3.3. Basic SystemTap Handler Constructs</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="scriptconstructions.html#variablesconstructs">3.3.1. Variables</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="targetvariables.html">3.3.2. Target Variables</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="handlerconditionalstatements.html">3.3.3. Conditional Statements</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="commandlineargssect.html">3.3.4. Command-Line Arguments</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="associativearrays.html">3.4. Associative Arrays</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="arrayoperators.html">3.5. Array Operations in SystemTap</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="arrayoperators.html#arrayops-assignvalue">3.5.1. Assigning an Associated Value</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="arrayops-readvalues.html">3.5.2. Reading Values From Arrays</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="arrayops-increment.html">3.5.3. Incrementing Associated Values</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="arrayops-foreach.html">3.5.4. Processing Multiple Elements in an Array</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="arrayops-deleting.html">3.5.5. Clearing/Deleting Arrays and Array Elements</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="arrayops-conditionals.html">3.5.6. Using Arrays in Conditional Statements</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="arrayops-aggregates.html">3.5.7. Computing for Statistical Aggregates</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="understanding-tapsets.html">3.6. Tapsets</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="userspace-probing.html">4. User-Space Probing</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="userspace-probing.html#uevents">4.1. User-Space Events</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="utargetvariable.html">4.2. Accessing User-Space Target Variables</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ustack.html">4.3. User-Space Stack Backtraces</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="useful-systemtap-scripts.html">5. Useful SystemTap Scripts</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="useful-systemtap-scripts.html#mainsect-network">5.1. Network</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="useful-systemtap-scripts.html#nettopsect">5.1.1. Network Profiling</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="useful-systemtap-scripts.html#sockettracesect">5.1.2. Tracing Functions Called in Network Socket Code</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="useful-systemtap-scripts.html#tcpconnectionssect">5.1.3. Monitoring Incoming TCP Connections</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="useful-systemtap-scripts.html#tcpdumplikesect">5.1.4. Monitoring TCP Packets</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="useful-systemtap-scripts.html#dropwatchsect">5.1.5. Monitoring Network Packets Drops in Kernel</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="mainsect-disk.html">5.2. Disk</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="mainsect-disk.html#disktop">5.2.1. Summarizing Disk Read/Write Traffic</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="iotimesect.html">5.2.2. Tracking I/O Time For Each File Read or Write</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="traceiosect.html">5.2.3. Track Cumulative IO</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="traceio2sect.html">5.2.4. I/O Monitoring (By Device)</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="inodewatchsect.html">5.2.5. Monitoring Reads and Writes to a File</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="inodewatch2sect.html">5.2.6. Monitoring Changes to File Attributes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ioblktimesect.html">5.2.7. Periodically Print I/O Block Time</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="mainsect-profiling.html">5.3. Profiling</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="mainsect-profiling.html#countcallssect">5.3.1. Counting Function Calls Made</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="paracallgraph.html">5.3.2. Call Graph Tracing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="threadtimessect.html">5.3.3. Determining Time Spent in Kernel and User Space</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="timeoutssect.html">5.3.4. Monitoring Polling Applications</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="topsyssect.html">5.3.5. Tracking Most Frequently Used System Calls</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="syscallsbyprocpidsect.html">5.3.6. Tracking System Call Volume Per Process</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="futexcontentionsect.html">5.4. Identifying Contended User-Space Locks</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="errors.html">6. Understanding SystemTap Errors</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="errors.html#parsetype">6.1. Parse and Semantic Errors</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="runtimeerror.html">6.2. Run Time Errors and Warnings</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="references.html">7. References</a></span></dt><dt><span class="appendix"><a href="appe-Publican-Revision_History.html">A. Revision History</a></span></dt><dt><span class="index"><a href="ix01.html">Index</a></span></dt></dl></div></div><ul class="docnav"><li class="previous"></li><li class="next"><a accesskey="n" href="SystemTap_Beginners_Guide-Preface.html"><strong>Next</strong>Preface</a></li></ul></body></html> 15 </div></div></div><div><div class="abstract"><p class="title"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><div class="para">
16 This guide provides basic instructions on how to use SystemTap to monitor different subsystems of a Linux system in finer detail.
17 </div></div></div></div></div><div class="toc"><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="preface"><a href="SystemTap_Beginners_Guide-Preface.html">Preface</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="SystemTap_Beginners_Guide-Preface.html#idm246922603856">1. Document Conventions</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="SystemTap_Beginners_Guide-Preface.html#idm246917943776">1.1. Typographic Conventions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="SystemTap_Beginners_Guide-Preface.html#idm246878025616">1.2. Pull-quote Conventions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="SystemTap_Beginners_Guide-Preface.html#idm246930165456">1.3. Notes and Warnings</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="pr01s02.html">2. We Need Feedback!</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="introduction.html">1. Introduction</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="introduction.html#goals">1.1. Documentation Goals</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="intro-systemtap-vs-others.html">1.2. SystemTap Capabilities</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="intro-systemtap-limitations.html">1.3. Limitations of SystemTap</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="using-systemtap.html">2. Using SystemTap</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using-systemtap.html#using-setup">2.1. Installation and Setup</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using-systemtap.html#installproper">2.1.1. Installing SystemTap</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using-systemtap.html#install-kinfo">2.1.2. Installing Required Kernel Information Packages Manually</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using-systemtap.html#testing">2.1.3. Initial Testing</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="cross-compiling.html">2.2. Generating Instrumentation for Other Computers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using-usage.html">2.3. Running SystemTap Scripts</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using-usage.html#flight-recorder">2.3.1. SystemTap Flight Recorder Mode</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="understanding-how-systemtap-works.html">3. Understanding How SystemTap Works</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="understanding-how-systemtap-works.html#understanding-architecture-tools">3.1. Architecture</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="scripts.html">3.2. SystemTap Scripts</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="scripts.html#systemtapscript-events">3.2.1. Event</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="systemtapscript-handler.html">3.2.2. SystemTap Handler/Body</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="scriptconstructions.html">3.3. Basic SystemTap Handler Constructs</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="scriptconstructions.html#variablesconstructs">3.3.1. Variables</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="targetvariables.html">3.3.2. Target Variables</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="handlerconditionalstatements.html">3.3.3. Conditional Statements</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="commandlineargssect.html">3.3.4. Command-Line Arguments</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="associativearrays.html">3.4. Associative Arrays</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="arrayoperators.html">3.5. Array Operations in SystemTap</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="arrayoperators.html#arrayops-assignvalue">3.5.1. Assigning an Associated Value</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="arrayops-readvalues.html">3.5.2. Reading Values From Arrays</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="arrayops-increment.html">3.5.3. Incrementing Associated Values</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="arrayops-foreach.html">3.5.4. Processing Multiple Elements in an Array</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="arrayops-deleting.html">3.5.5. Clearing/Deleting Arrays and Array Elements</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="arrayops-conditionals.html">3.5.6. Using Arrays in Conditional Statements</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="arrayops-aggregates.html">3.5.7. Computing for Statistical Aggregates</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="understanding-tapsets.html">3.6. Tapsets</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="userspace-probing.html">4. User-space Probing</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="userspace-probing.html#uevents">4.1. User-Space Events</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="utargetvariable.html">4.2. Accessing User-Space Target Variables</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ustack.html">4.3. User-Space Stack Backtraces</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="useful-systemtap-scripts.html">5. Useful SystemTap Scripts</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="useful-systemtap-scripts.html#mainsect-network">5.1. Network</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="useful-systemtap-scripts.html#nettopsect">5.1.1. Network Profiling</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="useful-systemtap-scripts.html#sockettracesect">5.1.2. Tracing Functions Called in Network Socket Code</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="useful-systemtap-scripts.html#tcpconnectionssect">5.1.3. Monitoring Incoming TCP Connections</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="useful-systemtap-scripts.html#tcpdumplikesect">5.1.4. Monitoring TCP Packets</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="useful-systemtap-scripts.html#dropwatchsect">5.1.5. Monitoring Network Packets Drops in Kernel</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="mainsect-disk.html">5.2. Disk</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="mainsect-disk.html#disktop">5.2.1. Summarizing Disk Read/Write Traffic</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="iotimesect.html">5.2.2. Tracking I/O Time For Each File Read or Write</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="traceiosect.html">5.2.3. Track Cumulative IO</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="traceio2sect.html">5.2.4. I/O Monitoring (By Device)</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="inodewatchsect.html">5.2.5. Monitoring Reads and Writes to a File</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="inodewatch2sect.html">5.2.6. Monitoring Changes to File Attributes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ioblktimesect.html">5.2.7. Periodically Print I/O Block Time</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="mainsect-profiling.html">5.3. Profiling</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="mainsect-profiling.html#countcallssect">5.3.1. Counting Function Calls Made</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="paracallgraph.html">5.3.2. Call Graph Tracing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="threadtimessect.html">5.3.3. Determining Time Spent in Kernel and User Space</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="timeoutssect.html">5.3.4. Monitoring Polling Applications</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="topsyssect.html">5.3.5. Tracking Most Frequently Used System Calls</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="syscallsbyprocpidsect.html">5.3.6. Tracking System Call Volume Per Process</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="futexcontentionsect.html">5.4. Identifying Contended User-Space Locks</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="errors.html">6. Understanding SystemTap Errors</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="errors.html#parsetype">6.1. Parse and Semantic Errors</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="runtimeerror.html">6.2. Runtime Errors and Warnings</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="references.html">7. References</a></span></dt><dt><span class="appendix"><a href="appe-Publican-Revision_History.html">A. Revision History</a></span></dt><dt><span class="index"><a href="ix01.html">Index</a></span></dt></dl></div></div><ul class="docnav"><li class="previous"></li><li class="next"><a accesskey="n" href="SystemTap_Beginners_Guide-Preface.html"><strong>Next</strong>Preface</a></li></ul></body></html> \ No newline at end of file