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authorMike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>2022-02-14 20:53:44 -0500
committerCorinna Vinschen <vinschen@redhat.com>2022-02-17 13:06:50 +0100
commit535250169b4b7cda0c21d2215353fffa1a6b09ca (patch)
tree462a35cad9733d08c9b64f043e2cb44930ccc202 /libm.html
parentadd libgloss manual from current git (diff)
refresh libc & libm manual from current git
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56Next: <a href="#Math" accesskey="n" rel="next">Math</a>, Up: <a href="dir.html#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">(dir)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 49Next: <a href="#Math" accesskey="n" rel="next">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
57</div> 50</div>
58<a name="LIBM"></a> 51<span id="LIBM"></span><h1 class="top">LIBM</h1>
59<h1 class="top">LIBM</h1>
60 52
61<table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0">
62<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#Math" accesskey="1">Math</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">The mathematical functions (&lsquo;math.h&rsquo;).
63</td></tr>
64<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#Complex" accesskey="2">Complex</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">The mathematical complex functions (&lsquo;complex.h&rsquo;).
65</td></tr>
66<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#Reentrancy" accesskey="3">Reentrancy</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">The functions in libm are not reentrant by default.
67</td></tr>
68<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#Long-Double-Functions" accesskey="4">Long Double Functions</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">The long double function support of libm.
69</td></tr>
70<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#Document-Index" accesskey="5">Document Index</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">
71</td></tr>
72</table>
73 53
54<div class="Contents_element" id="SEC_Contents">
55<h2 class="contents-heading">Table of Contents</h2>
56
57<div class="contents">
58
59<ul class="no-bullet">
60 <li><a id="toc-Mathematical-Functions-_0028math_002eh_0029" href="#Math">1 Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a>
61 <ul class="no-bullet">
62 <li><a id="toc-Error-Handling" href="#version">1.1 Error Handling</a></li>
63 <li><a id="toc-Standards-Compliance-And-Portability" href="#Standards-Compliance-And-Portability">1.2 Standards Compliance And Portability</a></li>
64 <li><a id="toc-acos_002c-acosf_002d_002d_002darc-cosine" href="#acos">1.3 <code>acos</code>, <code>acosf</code>&mdash;arc cosine</a></li>
65 <li><a id="toc-acosh_002c-acoshf_002d_002d_002dinverse-hyperbolic-cosine" href="#acosh">1.4 <code>acosh</code>, <code>acoshf</code>&mdash;inverse hyperbolic cosine</a></li>
66 <li><a id="toc-asin_002c-asinf_002d_002d_002darc-sine" href="#asin">1.5 <code>asin</code>, <code>asinf</code>&mdash;arc sine</a></li>
67 <li><a id="toc-asinh_002c-asinhf_002d_002d_002dinverse-hyperbolic-sine" href="#asinh">1.6 <code>asinh</code>, <code>asinhf</code>&mdash;inverse hyperbolic sine</a></li>
68 <li><a id="toc-atan_002c-atanf_002d_002d_002darc-tangent" href="#atan">1.7 <code>atan</code>, <code>atanf</code>&mdash;arc tangent</a></li>
69 <li><a id="toc-atan2_002c-atan2f_002d_002d_002darc-tangent-of-y_002fx" href="#atan2">1.8 <code>atan2</code>, <code>atan2f</code>&mdash;arc tangent of y/x</a></li>
70 <li><a id="toc-atanh_002c-atanhf_002d_002d_002dinverse-hyperbolic-tangent" href="#atanh">1.9 <code>atanh</code>, <code>atanhf</code>&mdash;inverse hyperbolic tangent</a></li>
71 <li><a id="toc-jN_002c-jNf_002c-yN_002c-yNf_002d_002d_002dBessel-functions" href="#jN">1.10 <code>jN</code>, <code>jNf</code>, <code>yN</code>, <code>yNf</code>&mdash;Bessel functions</a></li>
72 <li><a id="toc-cbrt_002c-cbrtf_002d_002d_002dcube-root" href="#cbrt">1.11 <code>cbrt</code>, <code>cbrtf</code>&mdash;cube root</a></li>
73 <li><a id="toc-copysign_002c-copysignf_002d_002d_002dsign-of-y_002c-magnitude-of-x" href="#copysign">1.12 <code>copysign</code>, <code>copysignf</code>&mdash;sign of <var>y</var>, magnitude of <var>x</var></a></li>
74 <li><a id="toc-cosh_002c-coshf_002d_002d_002dhyperbolic-cosine" href="#cosh">1.13 <code>cosh</code>, <code>coshf</code>&mdash;hyperbolic cosine</a></li>
75 <li><a id="toc-erf_002c-erff_002c-erfc_002c-erfcf_002d_002d_002derror-function" href="#erf">1.14 <code>erf</code>, <code>erff</code>, <code>erfc</code>, <code>erfcf</code>&mdash;error function</a></li>
76 <li><a id="toc-exp_002c-expf_002d_002d_002dexponential" href="#exp">1.15 <code>exp</code>, <code>expf</code>&mdash;exponential</a></li>
77 <li><a id="toc-exp10_002c-exp10f_002d_002d_002dexponential_002c-base-10" href="#exp10">1.16 <code>exp10</code>, <code>exp10f</code>&mdash;exponential, base 10</a></li>
78 <li><a id="toc-exp2_002c-exp2f_002d_002d_002dexponential_002c-base-2" href="#exp2">1.17 <code>exp2</code>, <code>exp2f</code>&mdash;exponential, base 2</a></li>
79 <li><a id="toc-expm1_002c-expm1f_002d_002d_002dexponential-minus-1" href="#expm1">1.18 <code>expm1</code>, <code>expm1f</code>&mdash;exponential minus 1</a></li>
80 <li><a id="toc-fabs_002c-fabsf_002d_002d_002dabsolute-value-_0028magnitude_0029" href="#fabs">1.19 <code>fabs</code>, <code>fabsf</code>&mdash;absolute value (magnitude)</a></li>
81 <li><a id="toc-fdim_002c-fdimf_002d_002d_002dpositive-difference" href="#fdim">1.20 <code>fdim</code>, <code>fdimf</code>&mdash;positive difference</a></li>
82 <li><a id="toc-floor_002c-floorf_002c-ceil_002c-ceilf_002d_002d_002dfloor-and-ceiling" href="#floor">1.21 <code>floor</code>, <code>floorf</code>, <code>ceil</code>, <code>ceilf</code>&mdash;floor and ceiling</a></li>
83 <li><a id="toc-fma_002c-fmaf_002d_002d_002dfloating-multiply-add" href="#fma">1.22 <code>fma</code>, <code>fmaf</code>&mdash;floating multiply add</a></li>
84 <li><a id="toc-fmax_002c-fmaxf_002d_002d_002dmaximum" href="#fmax">1.23 <code>fmax</code>, <code>fmaxf</code>&mdash;maximum</a></li>
85 <li><a id="toc-fmin_002c-fminf_002d_002d_002dminimum" href="#fmin">1.24 <code>fmin</code>, <code>fminf</code>&mdash;minimum</a></li>
86 <li><a id="toc-fmod_002c-fmodf_002d_002d_002dfloating_002dpoint-remainder-_0028modulo_0029" href="#fmod">1.25 <code>fmod</code>, <code>fmodf</code>&mdash;floating-point remainder (modulo)</a></li>
87 <li><a id="toc-frexp_002c-frexpf_002d_002d_002dsplit-floating_002dpoint-number" href="#frexp">1.26 <code>frexp</code>, <code>frexpf</code>&mdash;split floating-point number</a></li>
88 <li><a id="toc-gamma_002c-gammaf_002c-lgamma_002c-lgammaf_002c-gamma_005fr_002c-gammaf_005fr_002c-lgamma_005fr_002c-lgammaf_005fr_002c-tgamma_002c-and-tgammaf_002d_002d_002dlogarithmic-and-plain-gamma-functions" href="#gamma">1.27 <code>gamma</code>, <code>gammaf</code>, <code>lgamma</code>, <code>lgammaf</code>, <code>gamma_r</code>, <code>gammaf_r</code>, <code>lgamma_r</code>, <code>lgammaf_r</code>, <code>tgamma</code>, and <code>tgammaf</code>&mdash;logarithmic and plain gamma functions</a></li>
89 <li><a id="toc-hypot_002c-hypotf_002d_002d_002ddistance-from-origin" href="#hypot">1.28 <code>hypot</code>, <code>hypotf</code>&mdash;distance from origin</a></li>
90 <li><a id="toc-ilogb_002c-ilogbf_002d_002d_002dget-exponent-of-floating_002dpoint-number" href="#ilogb">1.29 <code>ilogb</code>, <code>ilogbf</code>&mdash;get exponent of floating-point number</a></li>
91 <li><a id="toc-infinity_002c-infinityf_002d_002d_002drepresentation-of-infinity" href="#infinity">1.30 <code>infinity</code>, <code>infinityf</code>&mdash;representation of infinity</a></li>
92 <li><a id="toc-isgreater_002c-isgreaterequal_002c-isless_002c-islessequal_002c-islessgreater_002c-and-isunordered_002d_002d_002dcomparison-macros" href="#isgreater">1.31 <code>isgreater</code>, <code>isgreaterequal</code>, <code>isless</code>, <code>islessequal</code>, <code>islessgreater</code>, and <code>isunordered</code>&mdash;comparison macros</a></li>
93 <li><a id="toc-fpclassify_002c-isfinite_002c-isinf_002c-isnan_002c-and-isnormal_002d_002d_002dfloating_002dpoint-classification-macros_003b-finite_002c-finitef_002c-isinf_002c-isinff_002c-isnan_002c-isnanf_002d_002d_002dtest-for-exceptional-numbers" href="#fpclassify">1.32 <code>fpclassify</code>, <code>isfinite</code>, <code>isinf</code>, <code>isnan</code>, and <code>isnormal</code>&mdash;floating-point classification macros; <code>finite</code>, <code>finitef</code>, <code>isinf</code>, <code>isinff</code>, <code>isnan</code>, <code>isnanf</code>&mdash;test for exceptional numbers</a></li>
94 <li><a id="toc-ldexp_002c-ldexpf_002d_002d_002dload-exponent" href="#ldexp">1.33 <code>ldexp</code>, <code>ldexpf</code>&mdash;load exponent</a></li>
95 <li><a id="toc-log_002c-logf_002d_002d_002dnatural-logarithms" href="#log">1.34 <code>log</code>, <code>logf</code>&mdash;natural logarithms</a></li>
96 <li><a id="toc-log10_002c-log10f_002d_002d_002dbase-10-logarithms" href="#log10">1.35 <code>log10</code>, <code>log10f</code>&mdash;base 10 logarithms</a></li>
97 <li><a id="toc-log1p_002c-log1pf_002d_002d_002dlog-of-1-_002b-x" href="#log1p">1.36 <code>log1p</code>, <code>log1pf</code>&mdash;log of <code>1 + <var>x</var></code></a></li>
98 <li><a id="toc-log2_002c-log2f_002d_002d_002dbase-2-logarithm" href="#log2">1.37 <code>log2</code>, <code>log2f</code>&mdash;base 2 logarithm</a></li>
99 <li><a id="toc-logb_002c-logbf_002d_002d_002dget-exponent-of-floating_002dpoint-number" href="#logb">1.38 <code>logb</code>, <code>logbf</code>&mdash;get exponent of floating-point number</a></li>
100 <li><a id="toc-lrint_002c-lrintf_002c-llrint_002c-llrintf_002d_002d_002dround-to-integer" href="#lrint">1.39 <code>lrint</code>, <code>lrintf</code>, <code>llrint</code>, <code>llrintf</code>&mdash;round to integer</a></li>
101 <li><a id="toc-lround_002c-lroundf_002c-llround_002c-llroundf_002d_002d_002dround-to-integer_002c-to-nearest" href="#lround">1.40 <code>lround</code>, <code>lroundf</code>, <code>llround</code>, <code>llroundf</code>&mdash;round to integer, to nearest</a></li>
102 <li><a id="toc-modf_002c-modff_002d_002d_002dsplit-fractional-and-integer-parts" href="#modf">1.41 <code>modf</code>, <code>modff</code>&mdash;split fractional and integer parts</a></li>
103 <li><a id="toc-nan_002c-nanf_002d_002d_002drepresentation-of-_0060_0060Not-a-Number_0027_0027" href="#nan">1.42 <code>nan</code>, <code>nanf</code>&mdash;representation of &ldquo;Not a Number&rdquo;</a></li>
104 <li><a id="toc-nearbyint_002c-nearbyintf_002d_002d_002dround-to-integer" href="#nearbyint">1.43 <code>nearbyint</code>, <code>nearbyintf</code>&mdash;round to integer</a></li>
105 <li><a id="toc-nextafter_002c-nextafterf_002d_002d_002dget-next-number" href="#nextafter">1.44 <code>nextafter</code>, <code>nextafterf</code>&mdash;get next number</a></li>
106 <li><a id="toc-pow_002c-powf_002d_002d_002dx-to-the-power-y" href="#pow">1.45 <code>pow</code>, <code>powf</code>&mdash;x to the power y</a></li>
107 <li><a id="toc-pow10_002c-pow10f_002d_002d_002dbase-10-power-functions" href="#pow10">1.46 <code>pow10</code>, <code>pow10f</code>&mdash;base 10 power functions</a></li>
108 <li><a id="toc-remainder_002c-remainderf_002d_002d_002dround-and-remainder" href="#remainder">1.47 <code>remainder</code>, <code>remainderf</code>&mdash;round and remainder</a></li>
109 <li><a id="toc-remquo_002c-remquof_002d_002d_002dremainder-and-part-of-quotient" href="#remquo">1.48 <code>remquo</code>, <code>remquof</code>&mdash;remainder and part of quotient</a></li>
110 <li><a id="toc-rint_002c-rintf_002d_002d_002dround-to-integer" href="#rint">1.49 <code>rint</code>, <code>rintf</code>&mdash;round to integer</a></li>
111 <li><a id="toc-round_002c-roundf_002d_002d_002dround-to-integer_002c-to-nearest" href="#round">1.50 <code>round</code>, <code>roundf</code>&mdash;round to integer, to nearest</a></li>
112 <li><a id="toc-scalbn_002c-scalbnf_002c-scalbln_002c-scalblnf_002d_002d_002dscale-by-power-of-FLT_005fRADIX-_0028_003d2_0029" href="#scalbn">1.51 <code>scalbn</code>, <code>scalbnf</code>, <code>scalbln</code>, <code>scalblnf</code>&mdash;scale by power of FLT_RADIX (=2)</a></li>
113 <li><a id="toc-signbit_002d_002d_002dDoes-floating_002dpoint-number-have-negative-sign_003f" href="#signbit">1.52 <code>signbit</code>&mdash;Does floating-point number have negative sign?</a></li>
114 <li><a id="toc-sin_002c-sinf_002c-cos_002c-cosf_002d_002d_002dsine-or-cosine" href="#sin">1.53 <code>sin</code>, <code>sinf</code>, <code>cos</code>, <code>cosf</code>&mdash;sine or cosine</a></li>
115 <li><a id="toc-sinh_002c-sinhf_002d_002d_002dhyperbolic-sine" href="#sinh">1.54 <code>sinh</code>, <code>sinhf</code>&mdash;hyperbolic sine</a></li>
116 <li><a id="toc-sqrt_002c-sqrtf_002d_002d_002dpositive-square-root" href="#sqrt">1.55 <code>sqrt</code>, <code>sqrtf</code>&mdash;positive square root</a></li>
117 <li><a id="toc-tan_002c-tanf_002d_002d_002dtangent" href="#tan">1.56 <code>tan</code>, <code>tanf</code>&mdash;tangent</a></li>
118 <li><a id="toc-tanh_002c-tanhf_002d_002d_002dhyperbolic-tangent" href="#tanh">1.57 <code>tanh</code>, <code>tanhf</code>&mdash;hyperbolic tangent</a></li>
119 <li><a id="toc-trunc_002c-truncf_002d_002d_002dround-to-integer_002c-towards-zero" href="#trunc">1.58 <code>trunc</code>, <code>truncf</code>&mdash;round to integer, towards zero</a></li>
120 </ul></li>
121 <li><a id="toc-Mathematical-Complex-Functions-_0028complex_002eh_0029" href="#Complex">2 Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</a>
122 <ul class="no-bullet">
123 <li><a id="toc-cabs_002c-cabsf_002c-cabsl_002d_002d_002dcomplex-absolute_002dvalue" href="#cabs">2.1 <code>cabs</code>, <code>cabsf</code>, <code>cabsl</code>&mdash;complex absolute-value</a></li>
124 <li><a id="toc-cacos_002c-cacosf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-arc-cosine" href="#cacos">2.2 <code>cacos</code>, <code>cacosf</code>&mdash;complex arc cosine</a></li>
125 <li><a id="toc-cacosh_002c-cacoshf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-arc-hyperbolic-cosine" href="#cacosh">2.3 <code>cacosh</code>, <code>cacoshf</code>&mdash;complex arc hyperbolic cosine</a></li>
126 <li><a id="toc-carg_002c-cargf_002d_002d_002dargument-_0028phase-angle_0029" href="#carg">2.4 <code>carg</code>, <code>cargf</code>&mdash;argument (phase angle)</a></li>
127 <li><a id="toc-casin_002c-casinf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-arc-sine" href="#casin">2.5 <code>casin</code>, <code>casinf</code>&mdash;complex arc sine</a></li>
128 <li><a id="toc-casinh_002c-casinhf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-arc-hyperbolic-sine" href="#casinh">2.6 <code>casinh</code>, <code>casinhf</code>&mdash;complex arc hyperbolic sine</a></li>
129 <li><a id="toc-catan_002c-catanf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-arc-tangent" href="#catan">2.7 <code>catan</code>, <code>catanf</code>&mdash;complex arc tangent</a></li>
130 <li><a id="toc-catanh_002c-catanhf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-arc-hyperbolic-tangent" href="#catanh">2.8 <code>catanh</code>, <code>catanhf</code>&mdash;complex arc hyperbolic tangent</a></li>
131 <li><a id="toc-ccos_002c-ccosf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-cosine" href="#ccos">2.9 <code>ccos</code>, <code>ccosf</code>&mdash;complex cosine</a></li>
132 <li><a id="toc-ccosh_002c-ccoshf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-hyperbolic-cosine" href="#ccosh">2.10 <code>ccosh</code>, <code>ccoshf</code>&mdash;complex hyperbolic cosine</a></li>
133 <li><a id="toc-cexp_002c-cexpf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-base_002de-exponential" href="#cexp">2.11 <code>cexp</code>, <code>cexpf</code>&mdash;complex base-e exponential</a></li>
134 <li><a id="toc-cimag_002c-cimagf_002c-cimagl_002d_002d_002dimaginary-part" href="#cimag">2.12 <code>cimag</code>, <code>cimagf</code>, <code>cimagl</code>&mdash;imaginary part</a></li>
135 <li><a id="toc-clog_002c-clogf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-base_002de-logarithm" href="#clog">2.13 <code>clog</code>, <code>clogf</code>&mdash;complex base-e logarithm</a></li>
136 <li><a id="toc-clog10_002c-clog10f_002d_002d_002dcomplex-base_002d10-logarithm" href="#clog10">2.14 <code>clog10</code>, <code>clog10f</code>&mdash;complex base-10 logarithm</a></li>
137 <li><a id="toc-conj_002c-conjf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-conjugate" href="#conj">2.15 <code>conj</code>, <code>conjf</code>&mdash;complex conjugate</a></li>
138 <li><a id="toc-cpow_002c-cpowf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-power" href="#cpow">2.16 <code>cpow</code>, <code>cpowf</code>&mdash;complex power</a></li>
139 <li><a id="toc-cproj_002c-cprojf_002d_002d_002d-Riemann-sphere-projection" href="#cproj">2.17 <code>cproj</code>, <code>cprojf</code>&mdash; Riemann sphere projection</a></li>
140 <li><a id="toc-creal_002c-crealf_002c-creall_002d_002d_002dreal-part" href="#creal">2.18 <code>creal</code>, <code>crealf</code>, <code>creall</code>&mdash;real part</a></li>
141 <li><a id="toc-csin_002c-csinf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-sine" href="#csin">2.19 <code>csin</code>, <code>csinf</code>&mdash;complex sine</a></li>
142 <li><a id="toc-csinh_002c-csinhf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-hyperbolic-sine" href="#csinh">2.20 <code>csinh</code>, <code>csinhf</code>&mdash;complex hyperbolic sine</a></li>
143 <li><a id="toc-csqrt_002c-csqrtf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-square-root" href="#csqrt">2.21 <code>csqrt</code>, <code>csqrtf</code>&mdash;complex square root</a></li>
144 <li><a id="toc-ctan_002c-ctanf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-tangent" href="#ctan">2.22 <code>ctan</code>, <code>ctanf</code>&mdash;complex tangent</a></li>
145 <li><a id="toc-ctanh_002c-ctanf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-hyperbolic-tangent" href="#ctanh">2.23 <code>ctanh</code>, <code>ctanf</code>&mdash;complex hyperbolic tangent</a></li>
146 </ul></li>
147 <li><a id="toc-Floating_002dPoint-Environment-_0028fenv_002eh_0029" href="#Fenv">3 Floating-Point Environment (<samp>fenv.h</samp>)</a>
148 <ul class="no-bullet">
149 <li><a id="toc-feclearexcept_002d_002d_002dclear-floating_002dpoint-exception" href="#feclearexcept">3.1 <code>feclearexcept</code>&mdash;clear floating-point exception</a></li>
150 <li><a id="toc-fegetenv_002d_002d_002dget-current-floating_002dpoint-environment" href="#fegetenv">3.2 <code>fegetenv</code>&mdash;get current floating-point environment</a></li>
151 <li><a id="toc-fegetexceptflag_002d_002d_002dget-floating_002dpoint-status-flags" href="#fegetexceptflag">3.3 <code>fegetexceptflag</code>&mdash;get floating-point status flags</a></li>
152 <li><a id="toc-fegetround_002d_002d_002dget-current-rounding-direction" href="#fegetround">3.4 <code>fegetround</code>&mdash;get current rounding direction</a></li>
153 <li><a id="toc-feholdexcept_002d_002d_002dsave-current-floating_002dpoint-environment" href="#feholdexcept">3.5 <code>feholdexcept</code>&mdash;save current floating-point environment</a></li>
154 <li><a id="toc-feraiseexcept_002d_002d_002draise-floating_002dpoint-exception" href="#feraiseexcept">3.6 <code>feraiseexcept</code>&mdash;raise floating-point exception</a></li>
155 <li><a id="toc-fesetenv_002d_002d_002dset-current-floating_002dpoint-environment" href="#fesetenv">3.7 <code>fesetenv</code>&mdash;set current floating-point environment</a></li>
156 <li><a id="toc-fesetexceptflag_002d_002d_002dset-floating_002dpoint-status-flags" href="#fesetexceptflag">3.8 <code>fesetexceptflag</code>&mdash;set floating-point status flags</a></li>
157 <li><a id="toc-fesetround_002d_002d_002dset-current-rounding-direction" href="#fesetround">3.9 <code>fesetround</code>&mdash;set current rounding direction</a></li>
158 <li><a id="toc-fetestexcept_002d_002d_002dtest-floating_002dpoint-exception-flags" href="#fetestexcept">3.10 <code>fetestexcept</code>&mdash;test floating-point exception flags</a></li>
159 <li><a id="toc-feupdateenv_002d_002d_002dupdate-current-floating_002dpoint-environment" href="#feupdateenv">3.11 <code>feupdateenv</code>&mdash;update current floating-point environment</a></li>
160 </ul></li>
161 <li><a id="toc-Reentrancy-Properties-of-libm" href="#Reentrancy">4 Reentrancy Properties of <code>libm</code></a></li>
162 <li><a id="toc-The-long-double-function-support-of-libm" href="#Long-Double-Functions">5 The long double function support of <code>libm</code></a></li>
163 <li><a id="toc-Document-Index-1" href="#Document-Index" rel="index">Document Index</a></li>
164</ul>
165</div>
166</div>
74<hr> 167<hr>
75<a name="Math"></a> 168<div class="chapter" id="Math">
76<div class="header"> 169<div class="header">
77<p> 170<p>
78Next: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="n" rel="next">Complex</a>, Previous: <a href="#Top" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Top</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 171Next: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="n" rel="next">Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</a>, Previous: <a href="#Top" accesskey="p" rel="prev">LIBM</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">LIBM</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
79</div> 172</div>
80<a name="Mathematical-Functions-_0028math_002eh_0029"></a> 173<span id="Mathematical-Functions-_0028math_002eh_0029"></span><h2 class="chapter">1 Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</h2>
81<h2 class="chapter">1 Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</h2>
82 174
83<p>This chapter groups a wide variety of mathematical functions. The 175<p>This chapter groups a wide variety of mathematical functions. The
84corresponding definitions and declarations are in <samp>math.h</samp>. 176corresponding definitions and declarations are in <samp>math.h</samp>.
85Two definitions from <samp>math.h</samp> are of particular interest. 177The definition of HUGE_VAL from <samp>math.h</samp> is of particular interest.
86</p> 178</p>
87<ol> 179<ol>
88<li> The representation of infinity as a <code>double</code> is defined as 180<li> The representation of infinity as a <code>double</code> is defined as
89<code>HUGE_VAL</code>; this number is returned on overflow by many functions. 181<code>HUGE_VAL</code>; this number is returned on overflow by many functions.
90The macro <code>HUGE_VALF</code> is a corresponding value for <code>float</code>. 182The macro <code>HUGE_VALF</code> is a corresponding value for <code>float</code>.
91
92</li><li> The structure <code>exception</code> is used when you write customized error
93handlers for the mathematical functions. You can customize error
94handling for most of these functions by defining your own version of
95<code>matherr</code>; see the section on <code>matherr</code> for details.
96</li></ol> 183</li></ol>
97 184
98<a name="index-system-calls"></a>
99<a name="index-support-subroutines"></a>
100<a name="index-stubs"></a>
101<a name="index-OS-stubs"></a>
102<p>Since the error handling code calls <code>fputs</code>, the mathematical
103subroutines require stubs or minimal implementations for the same list
104of OS subroutines as <code>fputs</code>: <code>close</code>, <code>fstat</code>,
105<code>isatty</code>, <code>lseek</code>, <code>read</code>, <code>sbrk</code>, <code>write</code>.
106See <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_mono/libc.html#syscalls">System Calls</a> in <cite>The Red Hat newlib C Library</cite>,
107for a discussion and for sample minimal implementations of these support
108subroutines.
109</p>
110<p>Alternative declarations of the mathematical functions, which exploit 185<p>Alternative declarations of the mathematical functions, which exploit
111specific machine capabilities to operate faster&mdash;but generally have 186specific machine capabilities to operate faster&mdash;but generally have
112less error checking and may reflect additional limitations on some 187less error checking and may reflect additional limitations on some
113machines&mdash;are available when you include <samp>fastmath.h</samp> instead of 188machines&mdash;are available when you include <samp>fastmath.h</samp> instead of
114<samp>math.h</samp>. 189<samp>math.h</samp>.
115</p> 190</p>
116<table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0">
117<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#version" accesskey="1">version</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Version of library
118</td></tr>
119<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#acos" accesskey="2">acos</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Arccosine
120</td></tr>
121<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#acosh" accesskey="3">acosh</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Inverse hyperbolic cosine
122</td></tr>
123<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#asin" accesskey="4">asin</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Arcsine
124</td></tr>
125<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#asinh" accesskey="5">asinh</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Inverse hyperbolic sine
126</td></tr>
127<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#atan" accesskey="6">atan</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Arctangent
128</td></tr>
129<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#atan2" accesskey="7">atan2</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Arctangent of y/x
130</td></tr>
131<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#atanh" accesskey="8">atanh</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Inverse hyperbolic tangent
132</td></tr>
133<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#jN" accesskey="9">jN</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Bessel functions (jN, yN)
134</td></tr>
135<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#cbrt">cbrt</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Cube root
136</td></tr>
137<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#copysign">copysign</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Sign of Y, magnitude of X
138</td></tr>
139<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#cosh">cosh</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Hyperbolic cosine
140</td></tr>
141<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#erf">erf</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Error function (erf, erfc)
142</td></tr>
143<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#exp">exp</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Exponential, base e
144</td></tr>
145<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#exp2">exp2</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Exponential, base 2
146</td></tr>
147<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#expm1">expm1</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Exponential, base e, of x - 1
148</td></tr>
149<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#fabs">fabs</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Absolute value (magnitude)
150</td></tr>
151<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#fdim">fdim</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Positive difference
152</td></tr>
153<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#floor">floor</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Floor and ceiling (floor, ceil)
154</td></tr>
155<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#fma">fma</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Floating multiply add
156</td></tr>
157<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#fmax">fmax</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Maximum
158</td></tr>
159<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#fmin">fmin</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Minimum
160</td></tr>
161<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#fmod">fmod</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Floating-point remainder (modulo)
162</td></tr>
163<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#fpclassify">fpclassify</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Floating-point classification macro
164</td></tr>
165<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#frexp">frexp</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Split floating-point number
166</td></tr>
167<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#gamma">gamma</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Logarithmic gamma function
168</td></tr>
169<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#hypot">hypot</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Distance from origin
170</td></tr>
171<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#ilogb">ilogb</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Get exponent
172</td></tr>
173<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#infinity">infinity</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Floating infinity
174</td></tr>
175<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#isgreater">isgreater</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Comparison macros
176</td></tr>
177<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#ldexp">ldexp</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Scale by a power of 2
178</td></tr>
179<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#log">log</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Natural logarithms
180</td></tr>
181<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#log10">log10</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Base 10 logarithms
182</td></tr>
183<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#log1p">log1p</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Log of 1 + X
184</td></tr>
185<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#log2">log2</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Base 2 logarithms
186</td></tr>
187<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#logb">logb</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Get exponent
188</td></tr>
189<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#lrint">lrint</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Round to integer
190</td></tr>
191<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#lround">lround</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Round to integer, away from zero (lround, llround)
192</td></tr>
193<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#matherr">matherr</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Modifiable math error handler
194</td></tr>
195<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#modf">modf</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Split fractional and integer parts
196</td></tr>
197<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#nan">nan</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Floating Not a Number
198</td></tr>
199<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#nearbyint">nearbyint</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Round to integer
200</td></tr>
201<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#nextafter">nextafter</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Get next representable number
202</td></tr>
203<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#pow">pow</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">X to the power Y
204</td></tr>
205<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#remainder">remainder</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">remainder of X divided by Y
206</td></tr>
207<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#remquo">remquo</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Remainder and part of quotient
208</td></tr>
209<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#rint">rint</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Round to integer
210</td></tr>
211<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#round">round</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Round to integer, away from zero
212</td></tr>
213<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#scalbn">scalbn</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Scale by a power of FLT_RADIX (2)
214</td></tr>
215<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#signbit">signbit</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Does floating-point number have negative sign?
216</td></tr>
217<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#sin">sin</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Sine or cosine (sin, cos)
218</td></tr>
219<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#sinh">sinh</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Hyperbolic sine
220</td></tr>
221<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#sqrt">sqrt</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Positive square root
222</td></tr>
223<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#tan">tan</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Tangent
224</td></tr>
225<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#tanh">tanh</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Hyperbolic tangent
226</td></tr>
227<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#trunc">trunc</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Round to integer, towards zero
228</td></tr>
229</table>
230 191
192<ul class="section-toc">
193<li><a href="#version" accesskey="1">Error Handling</a></li>
194<li><a href="#Standards-Compliance-And-Portability" accesskey="2">Standards Compliance And Portability</a></li>
195<li><a href="#acos" accesskey="3"><code>acos</code>, <code>acosf</code>&mdash;arc cosine</a></li>
196<li><a href="#acosh" accesskey="4"><code>acosh</code>, <code>acoshf</code>&mdash;inverse hyperbolic cosine</a></li>
197<li><a href="#asin" accesskey="5"><code>asin</code>, <code>asinf</code>&mdash;arc sine</a></li>
198<li><a href="#asinh" accesskey="6"><code>asinh</code>, <code>asinhf</code>&mdash;inverse hyperbolic sine</a></li>
199<li><a href="#atan" accesskey="7"><code>atan</code>, <code>atanf</code>&mdash;arc tangent</a></li>
200<li><a href="#atan2" accesskey="8"><code>atan2</code>, <code>atan2f</code>&mdash;arc tangent of y/x</a></li>
201<li><a href="#atanh" accesskey="9"><code>atanh</code>, <code>atanhf</code>&mdash;inverse hyperbolic tangent</a></li>
202<li><a href="#jN"><code>jN</code>, <code>jNf</code>, <code>yN</code>, <code>yNf</code>&mdash;Bessel functions</a></li>
203<li><a href="#cbrt"><code>cbrt</code>, <code>cbrtf</code>&mdash;cube root</a></li>
204<li><a href="#copysign"><code>copysign</code>, <code>copysignf</code>&mdash;sign of <var>y</var>, magnitude of <var>x</var></a></li>
205<li><a href="#cosh"><code>cosh</code>, <code>coshf</code>&mdash;hyperbolic cosine</a></li>
206<li><a href="#erf"><code>erf</code>, <code>erff</code>, <code>erfc</code>, <code>erfcf</code>&mdash;error function</a></li>
207<li><a href="#exp"><code>exp</code>, <code>expf</code>&mdash;exponential</a></li>
208<li><a href="#exp10"><code>exp10</code>, <code>exp10f</code>&mdash;exponential, base 10</a></li>
209<li><a href="#exp2"><code>exp2</code>, <code>exp2f</code>&mdash;exponential, base 2</a></li>
210<li><a href="#expm1"><code>expm1</code>, <code>expm1f</code>&mdash;exponential minus 1</a></li>
211<li><a href="#fabs"><code>fabs</code>, <code>fabsf</code>&mdash;absolute value (magnitude)</a></li>
212<li><a href="#fdim"><code>fdim</code>, <code>fdimf</code>&mdash;positive difference</a></li>
213<li><a href="#floor"><code>floor</code>, <code>floorf</code>, <code>ceil</code>, <code>ceilf</code>&mdash;floor and ceiling</a></li>
214<li><a href="#fma"><code>fma</code>, <code>fmaf</code>&mdash;floating multiply add</a></li>
215<li><a href="#fmax"><code>fmax</code>, <code>fmaxf</code>&mdash;maximum</a></li>
216<li><a href="#fmin"><code>fmin</code>, <code>fminf</code>&mdash;minimum</a></li>
217<li><a href="#fmod"><code>fmod</code>, <code>fmodf</code>&mdash;floating-point remainder (modulo)</a></li>
218<li><a href="#frexp"><code>frexp</code>, <code>frexpf</code>&mdash;split floating-point number</a></li>
219<li><a href="#gamma"><code>gamma</code>, <code>gammaf</code>, <code>lgamma</code>, <code>lgammaf</code>, <code>gamma_r</code>, <code>gammaf_r</code>, <code>lgamma_r</code>, <code>lgammaf_r</code>, <code>tgamma</code>, and <code>tgammaf</code>&mdash;logarithmic and plain gamma functions</a></li>
220<li><a href="#hypot"><code>hypot</code>, <code>hypotf</code>&mdash;distance from origin</a></li>
221<li><a href="#ilogb"><code>ilogb</code>, <code>ilogbf</code>&mdash;get exponent of floating-point number</a></li>
222<li><a href="#infinity"><code>infinity</code>, <code>infinityf</code>&mdash;representation of infinity</a></li>
223<li><a href="#isgreater"><code>isgreater</code>, <code>isgreaterequal</code>, <code>isless</code>, <code>islessequal</code>, <code>islessgreater</code>, and <code>isunordered</code>&mdash;comparison macros</a></li>
224<li><a href="#fpclassify"><code>fpclassify</code>, <code>isfinite</code>, <code>isinf</code>, <code>isnan</code>, and <code>isnormal</code>&mdash;floating-point classification macros; <code>finite</code>, <code>finitef</code>, <code>isinf</code>, <code>isinff</code>, <code>isnan</code>, <code>isnanf</code>&mdash;test for exceptional numbers</a></li>
225<li><a href="#ldexp"><code>ldexp</code>, <code>ldexpf</code>&mdash;load exponent</a></li>
226<li><a href="#log"><code>log</code>, <code>logf</code>&mdash;natural logarithms</a></li>
227<li><a href="#log10"><code>log10</code>, <code>log10f</code>&mdash;base 10 logarithms</a></li>
228<li><a href="#log1p"><code>log1p</code>, <code>log1pf</code>&mdash;log of <code>1 + <var>x</var></code></a></li>
229<li><a href="#log2"><code>log2</code>, <code>log2f</code>&mdash;base 2 logarithm</a></li>
230<li><a href="#logb"><code>logb</code>, <code>logbf</code>&mdash;get exponent of floating-point number</a></li>
231<li><a href="#lrint"><code>lrint</code>, <code>lrintf</code>, <code>llrint</code>, <code>llrintf</code>&mdash;round to integer</a></li>
232<li><a href="#lround"><code>lround</code>, <code>lroundf</code>, <code>llround</code>, <code>llroundf</code>&mdash;round to integer, to nearest</a></li>
233<li><a href="#modf"><code>modf</code>, <code>modff</code>&mdash;split fractional and integer parts</a></li>
234<li><a href="#nan"><code>nan</code>, <code>nanf</code>&mdash;representation of &ldquo;Not a Number&rdquo;</a></li>
235<li><a href="#nearbyint"><code>nearbyint</code>, <code>nearbyintf</code>&mdash;round to integer</a></li>
236<li><a href="#nextafter"><code>nextafter</code>, <code>nextafterf</code>&mdash;get next number</a></li>
237<li><a href="#pow"><code>pow</code>, <code>powf</code>&mdash;x to the power y</a></li>
238<li><a href="#pow10"><code>pow10</code>, <code>pow10f</code>&mdash;base 10 power functions</a></li>
239<li><a href="#remainder"><code>remainder</code>, <code>remainderf</code>&mdash;round and remainder</a></li>
240<li><a href="#remquo"><code>remquo</code>, <code>remquof</code>&mdash;remainder and part of quotient</a></li>
241<li><a href="#rint"><code>rint</code>, <code>rintf</code>&mdash;round to integer</a></li>
242<li><a href="#round"><code>round</code>, <code>roundf</code>&mdash;round to integer, to nearest</a></li>
243<li><a href="#scalbn"><code>scalbn</code>, <code>scalbnf</code>, <code>scalbln</code>, <code>scalblnf</code>&mdash;scale by power of FLT_RADIX (=2)</a></li>
244<li><a href="#signbit"><code>signbit</code>&mdash;Does floating-point number have negative sign?</a></li>
245<li><a href="#sin"><code>sin</code>, <code>sinf</code>, <code>cos</code>, <code>cosf</code>&mdash;sine or cosine</a></li>
246<li><a href="#sinh"><code>sinh</code>, <code>sinhf</code>&mdash;hyperbolic sine</a></li>
247<li><a href="#sqrt"><code>sqrt</code>, <code>sqrtf</code>&mdash;positive square root</a></li>
248<li><a href="#tan"><code>tan</code>, <code>tanf</code>&mdash;tangent</a></li>
249<li><a href="#tanh"><code>tanh</code>, <code>tanhf</code>&mdash;hyperbolic tangent</a></li>
250<li><a href="#trunc"><code>trunc</code>, <code>truncf</code>&mdash;round to integer, towards zero</a></li>
251</ul>
231<hr> 252<hr>
232<a name="version"></a> 253<div class="section" id="version">
233<div class="header"> 254<div class="header">
234<p> 255<p>
235Next: <a href="#acos" accesskey="n" rel="next">acos</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 256Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
236</div> 257</div>
237<a name="Error-Handling"></a> 258<span id="Error-Handling"></span><h3 class="section">1.1 Error Handling</h3>
238<h3 class="section">1.1 Error Handling</h3>
239 259
240<p>There are four different versions of the math library routines: IEEE, 260<p>There are two different versions of the math library routines: IEEE
241POSIX, X/Open, or SVID. The version may be selected at runtime by 261and POSIX. The version may be selected at runtime by
242setting the global variable <code>_LIB_VERSION</code>, defined in 262setting the global variable <code>_LIB_VERSION</code>, defined in
243<samp>math.h</samp>. It may be set to one of the following constants defined 263<samp>math.h</samp>. It may be set to one of the following constants defined
244in <samp>math.h</samp>: <code>_IEEE_</code>, <code>_POSIX_</code>, <code>_XOPEN_</code>, or 264in <samp>math.h</samp>: <code>_IEEE_</code> or <code>_POSIX_</code>.
245<code>_SVID_</code>. The <code>_LIB_VERSION</code> variable is not specific to any 265The <code>_LIB_VERSION</code> variable is not specific to any
246thread, and changing it will affect all threads. 266thread, and changing it will affect all threads.
247</p> 267</p>
248<p>The versions of the library differ only in how errors are handled. 268<p>The versions of the library differ only in the setting of <code>errno</code>.
249</p>
250<p>In IEEE mode, the <code>matherr</code> function is never called, no warning
251messages are printed, and <code>errno</code> is never set.
252</p> 269</p>
253<p>In POSIX mode, <code>errno</code> is set correctly, but the <code>matherr</code> 270<p>In IEEE mode, <code>errno</code> is never set.
254function is never called and no warning messages are printed.
255</p> 271</p>
256<p>In X/Open mode, <code>errno</code> is set correctly, and <code>matherr</code> is 272<p>In POSIX mode, <code>errno</code> is set correctly.
257called, but warning message are not printed.
258</p> 273</p>
259<p>In SVID mode, functions which overflow return 3.40282346638528860e+38, 274<p>The library is set to IEEE mode by default.
260the maximum single-precision floating-point value, rather than infinity.
261Also, <code>errno</code> is set correctly, <code>matherr</code> is called, and, if
262<code>matherr</code> returns 0, warning messages are printed for some errors.
263For example, by default &lsquo;<samp>log(-1.0)</samp>&rsquo; writes this message on standard
264error output:
265</p>
266<div class="example">
267<pre class="example">log: DOMAIN error
268</pre></div>
269
270<p>The library is set to X/Open mode by default.
271</p> 275</p>
272<p>The aforementioned error reporting is the supported Newlib libm error 276<p>The majority of the floating-point math functions are written
273handling method. However, the majority of the functions are written
274so as to produce the floating-point exceptions (e.g. &quot;invalid&quot;, 277so as to produce the floating-point exceptions (e.g. &quot;invalid&quot;,
275&quot;divide-by-zero&quot;) as required by the C and POSIX standards, for 278&quot;divide-by-zero&quot;) as required by the C and POSIX standards, for
276floating-point implementations that support them. Newlib does not provide 279floating-point implementations that support them. Newlib does not provide
@@ -279,7 +282,8 @@ for fenv.h, though, which is why they are considered unsupported. It is
279mentioned in case you have separately-provided access routines so that 282mentioned in case you have separately-provided access routines so that
280you are aware that they can be caused. 283you are aware that they can be caused.
281</p> 284</p>
282<a name="Standards-Compliance-And-Portability"></a> 285</div>
286<div class="section" id="Standards-Compliance-And-Portability">
283<h3 class="section">1.2 Standards Compliance And Portability</h3> 287<h3 class="section">1.2 Standards Compliance And Portability</h3>
284<p>Most of the individual function descriptions describe the standards to which 288<p>Most of the individual function descriptions describe the standards to which
285each function complies. However, these descriptions are mostly out of date, 289each function complies. However, these descriptions are mostly out of date,
@@ -293,15 +297,15 @@ registered trademark of The IEEE.
293</p> 297</p>
294 298
295<hr> 299<hr>
296<a name="acos"></a> 300</div>
301<div class="section" id="acos">
297<div class="header"> 302<div class="header">
298<p> 303<p>
299Next: <a href="#acosh" accesskey="n" rel="next">acosh</a>, Previous: <a href="#version" accesskey="p" rel="previous">version</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 304Next: <a href="#acosh" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>acosh</code>, <code>acoshf</code>&mdash;inverse hyperbolic cosine</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
300</div> 305</div>
301<a name="acos_002c-acosf_002d_002d_002darc-cosine"></a> 306<span id="acos_002c-acosf_002d_002d_002darc-cosine"></span><h3 class="section">1.3 <code>acos</code>, <code>acosf</code>&mdash;arc cosine</h3>
302<h3 class="section">1.3 <code>acos</code>, <code>acosf</code>&mdash;arc cosine</h3> 307<span id="index-acos"></span>
303<a name="index-acos"></a> 308<span id="index-acosf"></span>
304<a name="index-acosf"></a>
305<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 309<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
306</p><div class="example"> 310</p><div class="example">
307<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 311<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -322,22 +326,19 @@ its calculations on <code>floats</code>.
322<code>acos</code> and <code>acosf</code> return values in radians, in the range of 0 to pi. 326<code>acos</code> and <code>acosf</code> return values in radians, in the range of 0 to pi.
323</p> 327</p>
324<p>If <var>x</var> is not between -1 and 1, the returned value is NaN 328<p>If <var>x</var> is not between -1 and 1, the returned value is NaN
325(not a number) the global variable <code>errno</code> is set to <code>EDOM</code>, and a 329(not a number), and the global variable <code>errno</code> is set to <code>EDOM</code>.
326<code>DOMAIN error</code> message is sent as standard error output.
327</p>
328<p>You can modify error handling for these functions using <code>matherr</code>.
329</p> 330</p>
330<br> 331<br>
331<hr> 332<hr>
332<a name="acosh"></a> 333</div>
334<div class="section" id="acosh">
333<div class="header"> 335<div class="header">
334<p> 336<p>
335Next: <a href="#asin" accesskey="n" rel="next">asin</a>, Previous: <a href="#acos" accesskey="p" rel="previous">acos</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 337Next: <a href="#asin" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>asin</code>, <code>asinf</code>&mdash;arc sine</a>, Previous: <a href="#acos" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>acos</code>, <code>acosf</code>&mdash;arc cosine</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
336</div> 338</div>
337<a name="acosh_002c-acoshf_002d_002d_002dinverse-hyperbolic-cosine"></a> 339<span id="acosh_002c-acoshf_002d_002d_002dinverse-hyperbolic-cosine"></span><h3 class="section">1.4 <code>acosh</code>, <code>acoshf</code>&mdash;inverse hyperbolic cosine</h3>
338<h3 class="section">1.4 <code>acosh</code>, <code>acoshf</code>&mdash;inverse hyperbolic cosine</h3> 340<span id="index-acosh"></span>
339<a name="index-acosh"></a> 341<span id="index-acoshf"></span>
340<a name="index-acoshf"></a>
341<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 342<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
342</p><div class="example"> 343</p><div class="example">
343<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 344<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -348,8 +349,8 @@ float acoshf(float <var>x</var>);
348<p><strong>Description</strong><br> 349<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
349<code>acosh</code> calculates the inverse hyperbolic cosine of <var>x</var>. 350<code>acosh</code> calculates the inverse hyperbolic cosine of <var>x</var>.
350<code>acosh</code> is defined as 351<code>acosh</code> is defined as
351</p><div class="smallexample"> 352</p><div class="example">
352<pre class="smallexample"> log(<var>x</var> + sqrt(<var>x</var>*<var>x</var>-1)) 353<pre class="example"> log(<var>x</var> + sqrt(<var>x</var>*<var>x</var>-1))
353</pre></div> 354</pre></div>
354 355
355<p><var>x</var> must be a number greater than or equal to 1. 356<p><var>x</var> must be a number greater than or equal to 1.
@@ -361,9 +362,6 @@ float acoshf(float <var>x</var>);
361<code>acosh</code> and <code>acoshf</code> return the calculated value. If <var>x</var> 362<code>acosh</code> and <code>acoshf</code> return the calculated value. If <var>x</var>
362less than 1, the return value is NaN and <code>errno</code> is set to <code>EDOM</code>. 363less than 1, the return value is NaN and <code>errno</code> is set to <code>EDOM</code>.
363</p> 364</p>
364<p>You can change the error-handling behavior with the non-ANSI
365<code>matherr</code> function.
366</p>
367<br> 365<br>
368<p><strong>Portability</strong><br> 366<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
369Neither <code>acosh</code> nor <code>acoshf</code> are ANSI C. They are not recommended 367Neither <code>acosh</code> nor <code>acoshf</code> are ANSI C. They are not recommended
@@ -371,15 +369,15 @@ for portable programs.
371</p> 369</p>
372<br> 370<br>
373<hr> 371<hr>
374<a name="asin"></a> 372</div>
373<div class="section" id="asin">
375<div class="header"> 374<div class="header">
376<p> 375<p>
377Next: <a href="#asinh" accesskey="n" rel="next">asinh</a>, Previous: <a href="#acosh" accesskey="p" rel="previous">acosh</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 376Next: <a href="#asinh" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>asinh</code>, <code>asinhf</code>&mdash;inverse hyperbolic sine</a>, Previous: <a href="#acosh" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>acosh</code>, <code>acoshf</code>&mdash;inverse hyperbolic cosine</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
378</div> 377</div>
379<a name="asin_002c-asinf_002d_002d_002darc-sine"></a> 378<span id="asin_002c-asinf_002d_002d_002darc-sine"></span><h3 class="section">1.5 <code>asin</code>, <code>asinf</code>&mdash;arc sine</h3>
380<h3 class="section">1.5 <code>asin</code>, <code>asinf</code>&mdash;arc sine</h3> 379<span id="index-asin"></span>
381<a name="index-asin"></a> 380<span id="index-asinf"></span>
382<a name="index-asinf"></a>
383<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 381<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
384</p><div class="example"> 382</p><div class="example">
385<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 383<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -395,29 +393,25 @@ Arguments to <code>asin</code> must be in the range -1 to 1.
395<p><code>asinf</code> is identical to <code>asin</code>, other than taking and 393<p><code>asinf</code> is identical to <code>asin</code>, other than taking and
396returning floats. 394returning floats.
397</p> 395</p>
398<p>You can modify error handling for these routines using <code>matherr</code>.
399</p>
400<br> 396<br>
401<p><strong>Returns</strong><br> 397<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
402<code>asin</code> returns values in radians, in the range of -pi/2 to pi/2. 398<code>asin</code> returns values in radians, in the range of -pi/2 to pi/2.
403</p> 399</p>
404<p>If <var>x</var> is not in the range -1 to 1, <code>asin</code> and <code>asinf</code> 400<p>If <var>x</var> is not in the range -1 to 1, <code>asin</code> and <code>asinf</code>
405return NaN (not a number), set the global variable <code>errno</code> to 401return NaN (not a number), and the global variable <code>errno</code> is set to
406<code>EDOM</code>, and issue a <code>DOMAIN error</code> message. 402<code>EDOM</code>.
407</p>
408<p>You can change this error treatment using <code>matherr</code>.
409</p> 403</p>
410<br> 404<br>
411<hr> 405<hr>
412<a name="asinh"></a> 406</div>
407<div class="section" id="asinh">
413<div class="header"> 408<div class="header">
414<p> 409<p>
415Next: <a href="#atan" accesskey="n" rel="next">atan</a>, Previous: <a href="#asin" accesskey="p" rel="previous">asin</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 410Next: <a href="#atan" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>atan</code>, <code>atanf</code>&mdash;arc tangent</a>, Previous: <a href="#asin" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>asin</code>, <code>asinf</code>&mdash;arc sine</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
416</div> 411</div>
417<a name="asinh_002c-asinhf_002d_002d_002dinverse-hyperbolic-sine"></a> 412<span id="asinh_002c-asinhf_002d_002d_002dinverse-hyperbolic-sine"></span><h3 class="section">1.6 <code>asinh</code>, <code>asinhf</code>&mdash;inverse hyperbolic sine</h3>
418<h3 class="section">1.6 <code>asinh</code>, <code>asinhf</code>&mdash;inverse hyperbolic sine</h3> 413<span id="index-asinh"></span>
419<a name="index-asinh"></a> 414<span id="index-asinhf"></span>
420<a name="index-asinhf"></a>
421<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 415<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
422</p><div class="example"> 416</p><div class="example">
423<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 417<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -428,8 +422,8 @@ float asinhf(float <var>x</var>);
428<p><strong>Description</strong><br> 422<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
429<code>asinh</code> calculates the inverse hyperbolic sine of <var>x</var>. 423<code>asinh</code> calculates the inverse hyperbolic sine of <var>x</var>.
430<code>asinh</code> is defined as 424<code>asinh</code> is defined as
431</p><div class="smallexample"> 425</p><div class="example">
432<pre class="smallexample"> sgn(<var>x</var>) * log(abs(<var>x</var>) + sqrt(1+<var>x</var>*<var>x</var>)) 426<pre class="example"> sgn(<var>x</var>) * log(abs(<var>x</var>) + sqrt(1+<var>x</var>*<var>x</var>))
433</pre></div> 427</pre></div>
434 428
435<p><code>asinhf</code> is identical, other than taking and returning floats. 429<p><code>asinhf</code> is identical, other than taking and returning floats.
@@ -445,15 +439,15 @@ Neither <code>asinh</code> nor <code>asinhf</code> are ANSI C.
445 439
446<br> 440<br>
447<hr> 441<hr>
448<a name="atan"></a> 442</div>
443<div class="section" id="atan">
449<div class="header"> 444<div class="header">
450<p> 445<p>
451Next: <a href="#atan2" accesskey="n" rel="next">atan2</a>, Previous: <a href="#asinh" accesskey="p" rel="previous">asinh</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 446Next: <a href="#atan2" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>atan2</code>, <code>atan2f</code>&mdash;arc tangent of y/x</a>, Previous: <a href="#asinh" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>asinh</code>, <code>asinhf</code>&mdash;inverse hyperbolic sine</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
452</div> 447</div>
453<a name="atan_002c-atanf_002d_002d_002darc-tangent"></a> 448<span id="atan_002c-atanf_002d_002d_002darc-tangent"></span><h3 class="section">1.7 <code>atan</code>, <code>atanf</code>&mdash;arc tangent</h3>
454<h3 class="section">1.7 <code>atan</code>, <code>atanf</code>&mdash;arc tangent</h3> 449<span id="index-atan"></span>
455<a name="index-atan"></a> 450<span id="index-atanf"></span>
456<a name="index-atanf"></a>
457<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 451<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
458</p><div class="example"> 452</p><div class="example">
459<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 453<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -478,15 +472,15 @@ float atanf(float <var>x</var>);
478 472
479<br> 473<br>
480<hr> 474<hr>
481<a name="atan2"></a> 475</div>
476<div class="section" id="atan2">
482<div class="header"> 477<div class="header">
483<p> 478<p>
484Next: <a href="#atanh" accesskey="n" rel="next">atanh</a>, Previous: <a href="#atan" accesskey="p" rel="previous">atan</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 479Next: <a href="#atanh" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>atanh</code>, <code>atanhf</code>&mdash;inverse hyperbolic tangent</a>, Previous: <a href="#atan" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>atan</code>, <code>atanf</code>&mdash;arc tangent</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
485</div> 480</div>
486<a name="atan2_002c-atan2f_002d_002d_002darc-tangent-of-y_002fx"></a> 481<span id="atan2_002c-atan2f_002d_002d_002darc-tangent-of-y_002fx"></span><h3 class="section">1.8 <code>atan2</code>, <code>atan2f</code>&mdash;arc tangent of y/x</h3>
487<h3 class="section">1.8 <code>atan2</code>, <code>atan2f</code>&mdash;arc tangent of y/x</h3> 482<span id="index-atan2"></span>
488<a name="index-atan2"></a> 483<span id="index-atan2f"></span>
489<a name="index-atan2f"></a>
490<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 484<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
491</p><div class="example"> 485</p><div class="example">
492<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 486<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -509,8 +503,6 @@ pi/2 or -pi/2
509<code>atan2</code> and <code>atan2f</code> return a value in radians, in the range of 503<code>atan2</code> and <code>atan2f</code> return a value in radians, in the range of
510-pi to pi. 504-pi to pi.
511</p> 505</p>
512<p>You can modify error handling for these functions using <code>matherr</code>.
513</p>
514<br> 506<br>
515<p><strong>Portability</strong><br> 507<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
516<code>atan2</code> is ANSI C. <code>atan2f</code> is an extension. 508<code>atan2</code> is ANSI C. <code>atan2f</code> is an extension.
@@ -518,15 +510,15 @@ pi/2 or -pi/2
518 510
519<br> 511<br>
520<hr> 512<hr>
521<a name="atanh"></a> 513</div>
514<div class="section" id="atanh">
522<div class="header"> 515<div class="header">
523<p> 516<p>
524Next: <a href="#jN" accesskey="n" rel="next">jN</a>, Previous: <a href="#atan2" accesskey="p" rel="previous">atan2</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 517Next: <a href="#jN" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>jN</code>, <code>jNf</code>, <code>yN</code>, <code>yNf</code>&mdash;Bessel functions</a>, Previous: <a href="#atan2" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>atan2</code>, <code>atan2f</code>&mdash;arc tangent of y/x</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
525</div> 518</div>
526<a name="atanh_002c-atanhf_002d_002d_002dinverse-hyperbolic-tangent"></a> 519<span id="atanh_002c-atanhf_002d_002d_002dinverse-hyperbolic-tangent"></span><h3 class="section">1.9 <code>atanh</code>, <code>atanhf</code>&mdash;inverse hyperbolic tangent</h3>
527<h3 class="section">1.9 <code>atanh</code>, <code>atanhf</code>&mdash;inverse hyperbolic tangent</h3> 520<span id="index-atanh"></span>
528<a name="index-atanh"></a> 521<span id="index-atanhf"></span>
529<a name="index-atanhf"></a>
530<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 522<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
531</p><div class="example"> 523</p><div class="example">
532<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 524<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -545,47 +537,44 @@ float atanhf(float <var>x</var>);
545<code>atanh</code> and <code>atanhf</code> return the calculated value. 537<code>atanh</code> and <code>atanhf</code> return the calculated value.
546</p> 538</p>
547<p>If 539<p>If
548</p><div class="smallexample"> 540</p><div class="example">
549<pre class="smallexample"><var>x</var>| 541<pre class="example"><var>x</var>|
550</pre></div> 542</pre></div>
551<p>is greater than 1, the global <code>errno</code> is set to <code>EDOM</code> and 543<p>is greater than 1, the global <code>errno</code> is set to <code>EDOM</code> and
552the result is a NaN. A <code>DOMAIN error</code> is reported. 544the result is a NaN. A <code>DOMAIN error</code> is reported.
553</p> 545</p>
554<p>If 546<p>If
555</p><div class="smallexample"> 547</p><div class="example">
556<pre class="smallexample"><var>x</var>| 548<pre class="example"><var>x</var>|
557</pre></div> 549</pre></div>
558<p>is 1, the global <code>errno</code> is set to <code>EDOM</code>; and the result is 550<p>is 1, the global <code>errno</code> is set to <code>EDOM</code>; and the result is
559infinity with the same sign as <code>x</code>. A <code>SING error</code> is reported. 551infinity with the same sign as <code>x</code>. A <code>SING error</code> is reported.
560</p> 552</p>
561<p>You can modify the error handling for these routines using
562<code>matherr</code>.
563</p>
564<br> 553<br>
565<p><strong>Portability</strong><br> 554<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
566Neither <code>atanh</code> nor <code>atanhf</code> are ANSI C. 555Neither <code>atanh</code> nor <code>atanhf</code> are ANSI C.
567</p> 556</p>
568<br> 557<br>
569<hr> 558<hr>
570<a name="jN"></a> 559</div>
560<div class="section" id="jN">
571<div class="header"> 561<div class="header">
572<p> 562<p>
573Next: <a href="#cbrt" accesskey="n" rel="next">cbrt</a>, Previous: <a href="#atanh" accesskey="p" rel="previous">atanh</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 563Next: <a href="#cbrt" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>cbrt</code>, <code>cbrtf</code>&mdash;cube root</a>, Previous: <a href="#atanh" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>atanh</code>, <code>atanhf</code>&mdash;inverse hyperbolic tangent</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
574</div> 564</div>
575<a name="jN_002c-jNf_002c-yN_002c-yNf_002d_002d_002dBessel-functions"></a> 565<span id="jN_002c-jNf_002c-yN_002c-yNf_002d_002d_002dBessel-functions"></span><h3 class="section">1.10 <code>jN</code>, <code>jNf</code>, <code>yN</code>, <code>yNf</code>&mdash;Bessel functions</h3>
576<h3 class="section">1.10 <code>jN</code>, <code>jNf</code>, <code>yN</code>, <code>yNf</code>&mdash;Bessel functions</h3> 566<span id="index-j0"></span>
577<a name="index-j0"></a> 567<span id="index-j0f"></span>
578<a name="index-j0f"></a> 568<span id="index-j1"></span>
579<a name="index-j1"></a> 569<span id="index-j1f"></span>
580<a name="index-j1f"></a> 570<span id="index-jn"></span>
581<a name="index-jn"></a> 571<span id="index-jnf"></span>
582<a name="index-jnf"></a> 572<span id="index-y0"></span>
583<a name="index-y0"></a> 573<span id="index-y0f"></span>
584<a name="index-y0f"></a> 574<span id="index-y1"></span>
585<a name="index-y1"></a> 575<span id="index-y1f"></span>
586<a name="index-y1f"></a> 576<span id="index-yn"></span>
587<a name="index-yn"></a> 577<span id="index-ynf"></span>
588<a name="index-ynf"></a>
589<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 578<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
590</p><div class="example"> 579</p><div class="example">
591<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 580<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -606,8 +595,8 @@ float ynf(int <var>n</var>, float <var>x</var>);
606<p><strong>Description</strong><br> 595<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
607The Bessel functions are a family of functions that solve the 596The Bessel functions are a family of functions that solve the
608differential equation 597differential equation
609</p><div class="smallexample"> 598</p><div class="example">
610<pre class="smallexample"> 2 2 2 599<pre class="example"> 2 2 2
611 x y'' + xy' + (x - p )y = 0 600 x y'' + xy' + (x - p )y = 0
612</pre></div> 601</pre></div>
613<p>These functions have many applications in engineering and physics. 602<p>These functions have many applications in engineering and physics.
@@ -633,15 +622,15 @@ None of the Bessel functions are in ANSI C.
633</p> 622</p>
634<br> 623<br>
635<hr> 624<hr>
636<a name="cbrt"></a> 625</div>
626<div class="section" id="cbrt">
637<div class="header"> 627<div class="header">
638<p> 628<p>
639Next: <a href="#copysign" accesskey="n" rel="next">copysign</a>, Previous: <a href="#jN" accesskey="p" rel="previous">jN</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 629Next: <a href="#copysign" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>copysign</code>, <code>copysignf</code>&mdash;sign of <var>y</var>, magnitude of <var>x</var></a>, Previous: <a href="#jN" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>jN</code>, <code>jNf</code>, <code>yN</code>, <code>yNf</code>&mdash;Bessel functions</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
640</div> 630</div>
641<a name="cbrt_002c-cbrtf_002d_002d_002dcube-root"></a> 631<span id="cbrt_002c-cbrtf_002d_002d_002dcube-root"></span><h3 class="section">1.11 <code>cbrt</code>, <code>cbrtf</code>&mdash;cube root</h3>
642<h3 class="section">1.11 <code>cbrt</code>, <code>cbrtf</code>&mdash;cube root</h3> 632<span id="index-cbrt"></span>
643<a name="index-cbrt"></a> 633<span id="index-cbrtf"></span>
644<a name="index-cbrtf"></a>
645<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 634<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
646</p><div class="example"> 635</p><div class="example">
647<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 636<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -662,15 +651,15 @@ The cube root is returned.
662</p> 651</p>
663<br> 652<br>
664<hr> 653<hr>
665<a name="copysign"></a> 654</div>
655<div class="section" id="copysign">
666<div class="header"> 656<div class="header">
667<p> 657<p>
668Next: <a href="#cosh" accesskey="n" rel="next">cosh</a>, Previous: <a href="#cbrt" accesskey="p" rel="previous">cbrt</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 658Next: <a href="#cosh" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>cosh</code>, <code>coshf</code>&mdash;hyperbolic cosine</a>, Previous: <a href="#cbrt" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>cbrt</code>, <code>cbrtf</code>&mdash;cube root</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
669</div> 659</div>
670<a name="copysign_002c-copysignf_002d_002d_002dsign-of-y_002c-magnitude-of-x"></a> 660<span id="copysign_002c-copysignf_002d_002d_002dsign-of-y_002c-magnitude-of-x"></span><h3 class="section">1.12 <code>copysign</code>, <code>copysignf</code>&mdash;sign of <var>y</var>, magnitude of <var>x</var></h3>
671<h3 class="section">1.12 <code>copysign</code>, <code>copysignf</code>&mdash;sign of <var>y</var>, magnitude of <var>x</var></h3> 661<span id="index-copysign"></span>
672<a name="index-copysign"></a> 662<span id="index-copysignf"></span>
673<a name="index-copysignf"></a>
674<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 663<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
675</p><div class="example"> 664</p><div class="example">
676<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 665<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -701,26 +690,26 @@ Definition (Issue 2).
701 690
702<br> 691<br>
703<hr> 692<hr>
704<a name="cosh"></a> 693</div>
694<div class="section" id="cosh">
705<div class="header"> 695<div class="header">
706<p> 696<p>
707Next: <a href="#erf" accesskey="n" rel="next">erf</a>, Previous: <a href="#copysign" accesskey="p" rel="previous">copysign</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 697Next: <a href="#erf" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>erf</code>, <code>erff</code>, <code>erfc</code>, <code>erfcf</code>&mdash;error function</a>, Previous: <a href="#copysign" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>copysign</code>, <code>copysignf</code>&mdash;sign of <var>y</var>, magnitude of <var>x</var></a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
708</div> 698</div>
709<a name="cosh_002c-coshf_002d_002d_002dhyperbolic-cosine"></a> 699<span id="cosh_002c-coshf_002d_002d_002dhyperbolic-cosine"></span><h3 class="section">1.13 <code>cosh</code>, <code>coshf</code>&mdash;hyperbolic cosine</h3>
710<h3 class="section">1.13 <code>cosh</code>, <code>coshf</code>&mdash;hyperbolic cosine</h3>
711<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 700<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
712</p><div class="example"> 701</p><div class="example">
713<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 702<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
714double cosh(double <var>x</var>); 703double cosh(double <var>x</var>);
715float coshf(float <var>x</var>) 704float coshf(float <var>x</var>);
716 705
717</pre></div> 706</pre></div>
718<p><strong>Description</strong><br> 707<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
719</p> 708</p>
720<p><code>cosh</code> computes the hyperbolic cosine of the argument <var>x</var>. 709<p><code>cosh</code> computes the hyperbolic cosine of the argument <var>x</var>.
721<code>cosh(<var>x</var>)</code> is defined as 710<code>cosh(<var>x</var>)</code> is defined as
722</p><div class="smallexample"> 711</p><div class="example">
723<pre class="smallexample"> (exp(x) + exp(-x))/2 712<pre class="example"> (exp(x) + exp(-x))/2
724</pre></div> 713</pre></div>
725 714
726<p>Angles are specified in radians. 715<p>Angles are specified in radians.
@@ -732,9 +721,6 @@ The computed value is returned. When the correct value would create
732an overflow, <code>cosh</code> returns the value <code>HUGE_VAL</code> with the 721an overflow, <code>cosh</code> returns the value <code>HUGE_VAL</code> with the
733appropriate sign, and the global value <code>errno</code> is set to <code>ERANGE</code>. 722appropriate sign, and the global value <code>errno</code> is set to <code>ERANGE</code>.
734</p> 723</p>
735<p>You can modify error handling for these functions using the
736function <code>matherr</code>.
737</p>
738<br> 724<br>
739<p><strong>Portability</strong><br> 725<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
740<code>cosh</code> is ANSI. 726<code>cosh</code> is ANSI.
@@ -742,17 +728,17 @@ function <code>matherr</code>.
742</p> 728</p>
743<br> 729<br>
744<hr> 730<hr>
745<a name="erf"></a> 731</div>
732<div class="section" id="erf">
746<div class="header"> 733<div class="header">
747<p> 734<p>
748Next: <a href="#exp" accesskey="n" rel="next">exp</a>, Previous: <a href="#cosh" accesskey="p" rel="previous">cosh</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 735Next: <a href="#exp" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>exp</code>, <code>expf</code>&mdash;exponential</a>, Previous: <a href="#cosh" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>cosh</code>, <code>coshf</code>&mdash;hyperbolic cosine</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
749</div> 736</div>
750<a name="erf_002c-erff_002c-erfc_002c-erfcf_002d_002d_002derror-function"></a> 737<span id="erf_002c-erff_002c-erfc_002c-erfcf_002d_002d_002derror-function"></span><h3 class="section">1.14 <code>erf</code>, <code>erff</code>, <code>erfc</code>, <code>erfcf</code>&mdash;error function</h3>
751<h3 class="section">1.14 <code>erf</code>, <code>erff</code>, <code>erfc</code>, <code>erfcf</code>&mdash;error function</h3> 738<span id="index-erf"></span>
752<a name="index-erf"></a> 739<span id="index-erff"></span>
753<a name="index-erff"></a> 740<span id="index-erfc"></span>
754<a name="index-erfc"></a> 741<span id="index-erfcf"></span>
755<a name="index-erfcf"></a>
756<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 742<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
757</p><div class="example"> 743</p><div class="example">
758<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 744<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -760,6 +746,7 @@ double erf(double <var>x</var>);
760float erff(float <var>x</var>); 746float erff(float <var>x</var>);
761double erfc(double <var>x</var>); 747double erfc(double <var>x</var>);
762float erfcf(float <var>x</var>); 748float erfcf(float <var>x</var>);
749
763</pre></div> 750</pre></div>
764<p><strong>Description</strong><br> 751<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
765<code>erf</code> calculates an approximation to the &ldquo;error function&rdquo;, 752<code>erf</code> calculates an approximation to the &ldquo;error function&rdquo;,
@@ -786,15 +773,15 @@ None of the variants of <code>erf</code> are ANSI C.
786</p> 773</p>
787<br> 774<br>
788<hr> 775<hr>
789<a name="exp"></a> 776</div>
777<div class="section" id="exp">
790<div class="header"> 778<div class="header">
791<p> 779<p>
792Next: <a href="#exp2" accesskey="n" rel="next">exp2</a>, Previous: <a href="#erf" accesskey="p" rel="previous">erf</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 780Next: <a href="#exp10" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>exp10</code>, <code>exp10f</code>&mdash;exponential, base 10</a>, Previous: <a href="#erf" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>erf</code>, <code>erff</code>, <code>erfc</code>, <code>erfcf</code>&mdash;error function</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
793</div> 781</div>
794<a name="exp_002c-expf_002d_002d_002dexponential"></a> 782<span id="exp_002c-expf_002d_002d_002dexponential"></span><h3 class="section">1.15 <code>exp</code>, <code>expf</code>&mdash;exponential</h3>
795<h3 class="section">1.15 <code>exp</code>, <code>expf</code>&mdash;exponential</h3> 783<span id="index-exp"></span>
796<a name="index-exp"></a> 784<span id="index-expf"></span>
797<a name="index-expf"></a>
798<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 785<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
799</p><div class="example"> 786</p><div class="example">
800<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 787<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -807,9 +794,6 @@ float expf(float <var>x</var>);
807e raised to the power <var>x</var> (where e 794e raised to the power <var>x</var> (where e
808is the base of the natural system of logarithms, approximately 2.71828). 795is the base of the natural system of logarithms, approximately 2.71828).
809</p> 796</p>
810<p>You can use the (non-ANSI) function <code>matherr</code> to specify
811error handling for these functions.
812</p>
813<br> 797<br>
814<p><strong>Returns</strong><br> 798<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
815On success, <code>exp</code> and <code>expf</code> return the calculated value. 799On success, <code>exp</code> and <code>expf</code> return the calculated value.
@@ -824,15 +808,49 @@ either case, <code>errno</code> is set to <code>ERANGE</code>.
824 808
825<br> 809<br>
826<hr> 810<hr>
827<a name="exp2"></a> 811</div>
812<div class="section" id="exp10">
828<div class="header"> 813<div class="header">
829<p> 814<p>
830Next: <a href="#expm1" accesskey="n" rel="next">expm1</a>, Previous: <a href="#exp" accesskey="p" rel="previous">exp</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 815Next: <a href="#exp2" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>exp2</code>, <code>exp2f</code>&mdash;exponential, base 2</a>, Previous: <a href="#exp" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>exp</code>, <code>expf</code>&mdash;exponential</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
831</div> 816</div>
832<a name="exp2_002c-exp2f_002d_002dexponential_002c-base-2"></a> 817<span id="exp10_002c-exp10f_002d_002d_002dexponential_002c-base-10"></span><h3 class="section">1.16 <code>exp10</code>, <code>exp10f</code>&mdash;exponential, base 10</h3>
833<h3 class="section">1.16 <code>exp2</code>, <code>exp2f</code>&ndash;exponential, base 2</h3> 818<span id="index-exp10"></span>
834<a name="index-exp2"></a> 819<span id="index-exp10f"></span>
835<a name="index-exp2f"></a> 820<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
821</p><div class="example">
822<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
823double exp10(double <var>x</var>);
824float exp10f(float <var>x</var>);
825
826</pre></div>
827<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
828<code>exp10</code> and <code>exp10f</code> calculate 10 ^ <var>x</var>, that is,
82910 raised to the power <var>x</var>.
830</p>
831<br>
832<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
833On success, <code>exp10</code> and <code>exp10f</code> return the calculated value.
834If the result underflows, the returned value is <code>0</code>. If the
835result overflows, the returned value is <code>HUGE_VAL</code>. In
836either case, <code>errno</code> is set to <code>ERANGE</code>.
837</p>
838<br>
839<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
840<code>exp10</code> and <code>exp10f</code> are GNU extensions.
841</p>
842
843<br>
844<hr>
845</div>
846<div class="section" id="exp2">
847<div class="header">
848<p>
849Next: <a href="#expm1" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>expm1</code>, <code>expm1f</code>&mdash;exponential minus 1</a>, Previous: <a href="#exp10" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>exp10</code>, <code>exp10f</code>&mdash;exponential, base 10</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
850</div>
851<span id="exp2_002c-exp2f_002d_002d_002dexponential_002c-base-2"></span><h3 class="section">1.17 <code>exp2</code>, <code>exp2f</code>&mdash;exponential, base 2</h3>
852<span id="index-exp2"></span>
853<span id="index-exp2f"></span>
836<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 854<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
837</p><div class="example"> 855</p><div class="example">
838<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 856<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -844,9 +862,6 @@ float exp2f(float <var>x</var>);
844<code>exp2</code> and <code>exp2f</code> calculate 2 ^ <var>x</var>, that is, 862<code>exp2</code> and <code>exp2f</code> calculate 2 ^ <var>x</var>, that is,
8452 raised to the power <var>x</var>. 8632 raised to the power <var>x</var>.
846</p> 864</p>
847<p>You can use the (non-ANSI) function <code>matherr</code> to specify
848error handling for these functions.
849</p>
850<br> 865<br>
851<p><strong>Returns</strong><br> 866<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
852On success, <code>exp2</code> and <code>exp2f</code> return the calculated value. 867On success, <code>exp2</code> and <code>exp2f</code> return the calculated value.
@@ -861,15 +876,15 @@ ANSI C, POSIX.
861 876
862<br> 877<br>
863<hr> 878<hr>
864<a name="expm1"></a> 879</div>
880<div class="section" id="expm1">
865<div class="header"> 881<div class="header">
866<p> 882<p>
867Next: <a href="#fabs" accesskey="n" rel="next">fabs</a>, Previous: <a href="#exp2" accesskey="p" rel="previous">exp2</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 883Next: <a href="#fabs" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>fabs</code>, <code>fabsf</code>&mdash;absolute value (magnitude)</a>, Previous: <a href="#exp2" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>exp2</code>, <code>exp2f</code>&mdash;exponential, base 2</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
868</div> 884</div>
869<a name="expm1_002c-expm1f_002d_002d_002dexponential-minus-1"></a> 885<span id="expm1_002c-expm1f_002d_002d_002dexponential-minus-1"></span><h3 class="section">1.18 <code>expm1</code>, <code>expm1f</code>&mdash;exponential minus 1</h3>
870<h3 class="section">1.17 <code>expm1</code>, <code>expm1f</code>&mdash;exponential minus 1</h3> 886<span id="index-expm1"></span>
871<a name="index-expm1"></a> 887<span id="index-expm1f"></span>
872<a name="index-expm1f"></a>
873<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 888<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
874</p><div class="example"> 889</p><div class="example">
875<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 890<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -897,15 +912,15 @@ the System V Interface Definition (Issue 2).
897</p> 912</p>
898<br> 913<br>
899<hr> 914<hr>
900<a name="fabs"></a> 915</div>
916<div class="section" id="fabs">
901<div class="header"> 917<div class="header">
902<p> 918<p>
903Next: <a href="#fdim" accesskey="n" rel="next">fdim</a>, Previous: <a href="#expm1" accesskey="p" rel="previous">expm1</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 919Next: <a href="#fdim" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>fdim</code>, <code>fdimf</code>&mdash;positive difference</a>, Previous: <a href="#expm1" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>expm1</code>, <code>expm1f</code>&mdash;exponential minus 1</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
904</div> 920</div>
905<a name="fabs_002c-fabsf_002d_002d_002dabsolute-value-_0028magnitude_0029"></a> 921<span id="fabs_002c-fabsf_002d_002d_002dabsolute-value-_0028magnitude_0029"></span><h3 class="section">1.19 <code>fabs</code>, <code>fabsf</code>&mdash;absolute value (magnitude)</h3>
906<h3 class="section">1.18 <code>fabs</code>, <code>fabsf</code>&mdash;absolute value (magnitude)</h3> 922<span id="index-fabs"></span>
907<a name="index-fabs"></a> 923<span id="index-fabsf"></span>
908<a name="index-fabsf"></a>
909<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 924<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
910</p><div class="example"> 925</p><div class="example">
911<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 926<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -930,15 +945,15 @@ The calculated value is returned. No errors are detected.
930 945
931<br> 946<br>
932<hr> 947<hr>
933<a name="fdim"></a> 948</div>
949<div class="section" id="fdim">
934<div class="header"> 950<div class="header">
935<p> 951<p>
936Next: <a href="#floor" accesskey="n" rel="next">floor</a>, Previous: <a href="#fabs" accesskey="p" rel="previous">fabs</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 952Next: <a href="#floor" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>floor</code>, <code>floorf</code>, <code>ceil</code>, <code>ceilf</code>&mdash;floor and ceiling</a>, Previous: <a href="#fabs" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>fabs</code>, <code>fabsf</code>&mdash;absolute value (magnitude)</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
937</div> 953</div>
938<a name="fdim_002c-fdimf_002d_002dpositive-difference"></a> 954<span id="fdim_002c-fdimf_002d_002d_002dpositive-difference"></span><h3 class="section">1.20 <code>fdim</code>, <code>fdimf</code>&mdash;positive difference</h3>
939<h3 class="section">1.19 <code>fdim</code>, <code>fdimf</code>&ndash;positive difference</h3> 955<span id="index-fdim"></span>
940<a name="index-fdim"></a> 956<span id="index-fdimf"></span>
941<a name="index-fdimf"></a>
942<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 957<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
943</p><div class="example"> 958</p><div class="example">
944<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 959<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -949,14 +964,14 @@ float fdimf(float <var>x</var>, float <var>y</var>);
949<p><strong>Description</strong><br> 964<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
950The <code>fdim</code> functions determine the positive difference between their 965The <code>fdim</code> functions determine the positive difference between their
951arguments, returning: 966arguments, returning:
952</p><div class="smallexample"> 967</p><div class="example">
953<pre class="smallexample"> <var>x</var> - <var>y</var> if <var>x</var> &gt; <var>y</var>, or 968<pre class="example"> <var>x</var> - <var>y</var> if <var>x</var> &gt; <var>y</var>, or
954</pre></div> 969</pre></div>
955<div class="smallexample"> 970<div class="example">
956<pre class="smallexample"> +0 if <var>x</var> &lt;= <var>y</var>, or 971<pre class="example"> +0 if <var>x</var> &lt;= <var>y</var>, or
957</pre></div> 972</pre></div>
958<div class="smallexample"> 973<div class="example">
959<pre class="smallexample"> NAN if either argument is NAN. 974<pre class="example"> NAN if either argument is NAN.
960</pre></div> 975</pre></div>
961<p>A range error may occur. 976<p>A range error may occur.
962</p> 977</p>
@@ -971,17 +986,17 @@ ANSI C, POSIX.
971 986
972<br> 987<br>
973<hr> 988<hr>
974<a name="floor"></a> 989</div>
990<div class="section" id="floor">
975<div class="header"> 991<div class="header">
976<p> 992<p>
977Next: <a href="#fma" accesskey="n" rel="next">fma</a>, Previous: <a href="#fdim" accesskey="p" rel="previous">fdim</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 993Next: <a href="#fma" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>fma</code>, <code>fmaf</code>&mdash;floating multiply add</a>, Previous: <a href="#fdim" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>fdim</code>, <code>fdimf</code>&mdash;positive difference</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
978</div> 994</div>
979<a name="floor_002c-floorf_002c-ceil_002c-ceilf_002d_002d_002dfloor-and-ceiling"></a> 995<span id="floor_002c-floorf_002c-ceil_002c-ceilf_002d_002d_002dfloor-and-ceiling"></span><h3 class="section">1.21 <code>floor</code>, <code>floorf</code>, <code>ceil</code>, <code>ceilf</code>&mdash;floor and ceiling</h3>
980<h3 class="section">1.20 <code>floor</code>, <code>floorf</code>, <code>ceil</code>, <code>ceilf</code>&mdash;floor and ceiling</h3> 996<span id="index-floor"></span>
981<a name="index-floor"></a> 997<span id="index-floorf"></span>
982<a name="index-floorf"></a> 998<span id="index-ceil"></span>
983<a name="index-ceil"></a> 999<span id="index-ceilf"></span>
984<a name="index-ceilf"></a>
985<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 1000<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
986</p><div class="example"> 1001</p><div class="example">
987<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 1002<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -1010,15 +1025,15 @@ the nearest integer greater than or equal to <var>x</var>.
1010 1025
1011<br> 1026<br>
1012<hr> 1027<hr>
1013<a name="fma"></a> 1028</div>
1029<div class="section" id="fma">
1014<div class="header"> 1030<div class="header">
1015<p> 1031<p>
1016Next: <a href="#fmax" accesskey="n" rel="next">fmax</a>, Previous: <a href="#floor" accesskey="p" rel="previous">floor</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 1032Next: <a href="#fmax" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>fmax</code>, <code>fmaxf</code>&mdash;maximum</a>, Previous: <a href="#floor" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>floor</code>, <code>floorf</code>, <code>ceil</code>, <code>ceilf</code>&mdash;floor and ceiling</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
1017</div> 1033</div>
1018<a name="fma_002c-fmaf_002d_002dfloating-multiply-add"></a> 1034<span id="fma_002c-fmaf_002d_002d_002dfloating-multiply-add"></span><h3 class="section">1.22 <code>fma</code>, <code>fmaf</code>&mdash;floating multiply add</h3>
1019<h3 class="section">1.21 <code>fma</code>, <code>fmaf</code>&ndash;floating multiply add</h3> 1035<span id="index-fma"></span>
1020<a name="index-fma"></a> 1036<span id="index-fmaf"></span>
1021<a name="index-fmaf"></a>
1022<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 1037<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
1023</p><div class="example"> 1038</p><div class="example">
1024<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 1039<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -1055,15 +1070,15 @@ ANSI C, POSIX.
1055 1070
1056<br> 1071<br>
1057<hr> 1072<hr>
1058<a name="fmax"></a> 1073</div>
1074<div class="section" id="fmax">
1059<div class="header"> 1075<div class="header">
1060<p> 1076<p>
1061Next: <a href="#fmin" accesskey="n" rel="next">fmin</a>, Previous: <a href="#fma" accesskey="p" rel="previous">fma</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 1077Next: <a href="#fmin" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>fmin</code>, <code>fminf</code>&mdash;minimum</a>, Previous: <a href="#fma" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>fma</code>, <code>fmaf</code>&mdash;floating multiply add</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
1062</div> 1078</div>
1063<a name="fmax_002c-fmaxf_002d_002dmaximum"></a> 1079<span id="fmax_002c-fmaxf_002d_002d_002dmaximum"></span><h3 class="section">1.23 <code>fmax</code>, <code>fmaxf</code>&mdash;maximum</h3>
1064<h3 class="section">1.22 <code>fmax</code>, <code>fmaxf</code>&ndash;maximum</h3> 1080<span id="index-fmax"></span>
1065<a name="index-fmax"></a> 1081<span id="index-fmaxf"></span>
1066<a name="index-fmaxf"></a>
1067<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 1082<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
1068</p><div class="example"> 1083</p><div class="example">
1069<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 1084<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -1087,15 +1102,15 @@ ANSI C, POSIX.
1087 1102
1088<br> 1103<br>
1089<hr> 1104<hr>
1090<a name="fmin"></a> 1105</div>
1106<div class="section" id="fmin">
1091<div class="header"> 1107<div class="header">
1092<p> 1108<p>
1093Next: <a href="#fmod" accesskey="n" rel="next">fmod</a>, Previous: <a href="#fmax" accesskey="p" rel="previous">fmax</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 1109Next: <a href="#fmod" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>fmod</code>, <code>fmodf</code>&mdash;floating-point remainder (modulo)</a>, Previous: <a href="#fmax" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>fmax</code>, <code>fmaxf</code>&mdash;maximum</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
1094</div> 1110</div>
1095<a name="fmin_002c-fminf_002d_002dminimum"></a> 1111<span id="fmin_002c-fminf_002d_002d_002dminimum"></span><h3 class="section">1.24 <code>fmin</code>, <code>fminf</code>&mdash;minimum</h3>
1096<h3 class="section">1.23 <code>fmin</code>, <code>fminf</code>&ndash;minimum</h3> 1112<span id="index-fmin"></span>
1097<a name="index-fmin"></a> 1113<span id="index-fminf"></span>
1098<a name="index-fminf"></a>
1099<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 1114<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
1100</p><div class="example"> 1115</p><div class="example">
1101<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 1116<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -1119,20 +1134,20 @@ ANSI C, POSIX.
1119 1134
1120<br> 1135<br>
1121<hr> 1136<hr>
1122<a name="fmod"></a> 1137</div>
1138<div class="section" id="fmod">
1123<div class="header"> 1139<div class="header">
1124<p> 1140<p>
1125Next: <a href="#frexp" accesskey="n" rel="next">frexp</a>, Previous: <a href="#fmin" accesskey="p" rel="previous">fmin</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 1141Next: <a href="#frexp" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>frexp</code>, <code>frexpf</code>&mdash;split floating-point number</a>, Previous: <a href="#fmin" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>fmin</code>, <code>fminf</code>&mdash;minimum</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
1126</div> 1142</div>
1127<a name="fmod_002c-fmodf_002d_002d_002dfloating_002dpoint-remainder-_0028modulo_0029"></a> 1143<span id="fmod_002c-fmodf_002d_002d_002dfloating_002dpoint-remainder-_0028modulo_0029"></span><h3 class="section">1.25 <code>fmod</code>, <code>fmodf</code>&mdash;floating-point remainder (modulo)</h3>
1128<h3 class="section">1.24 <code>fmod</code>, <code>fmodf</code>&mdash;floating-point remainder (modulo)</h3> 1144<span id="index-fmod"></span>
1129<a name="index-fmod"></a> 1145<span id="index-fmodf"></span>
1130<a name="index-fmodf"></a>
1131<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 1146<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
1132</p><div class="example"> 1147</p><div class="example">
1133<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 1148<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
1134double fmod(double <var>x</var>, double <var>y</var>) 1149double fmod(double <var>x</var>, double <var>y</var>);
1135float fmodf(float <var>x</var>, float <var>y</var>) 1150float fmodf(float <var>x</var>, float <var>y</var>);
1136 1151
1137</pre></div> 1152</pre></div>
1138<p><strong>Description</strong><br> 1153<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
@@ -1149,23 +1164,21 @@ magnitude of <var>y</var>.
1149</p> 1164</p>
1150<p><code>fmod(<var>x</var>,0)</code> returns NaN, and sets <code>errno</code> to <code>EDOM</code>. 1165<p><code>fmod(<var>x</var>,0)</code> returns NaN, and sets <code>errno</code> to <code>EDOM</code>.
1151</p> 1166</p>
1152<p>You can modify error treatment for these functions using <code>matherr</code>.
1153</p>
1154<br> 1167<br>
1155<p><strong>Portability</strong><br> 1168<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
1156<code>fmod</code> is ANSI C. <code>fmodf</code> is an extension. 1169<code>fmod</code> is ANSI C. <code>fmodf</code> is an extension.
1157</p> 1170</p>
1158<br> 1171<br>
1159<hr> 1172<hr>
1160<a name="frexp"></a> 1173</div>
1174<div class="section" id="frexp">
1161<div class="header"> 1175<div class="header">
1162<p> 1176<p>
1163Next: <a href="#gamma" accesskey="n" rel="next">gamma</a>, Previous: <a href="#fmod" accesskey="p" rel="previous">fmod</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 1177Next: <a href="#gamma" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>gamma</code>, <code>gammaf</code>, <code>lgamma</code>, <code>lgammaf</code>, <code>gamma_r</code>, <code>gammaf_r</code>, <code>lgamma_r</code>, <code>lgammaf_r</code>, <code>tgamma</code>, and <code>tgammaf</code>&mdash;logarithmic and plain gamma functions</a>, Previous: <a href="#fmod" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>fmod</code>, <code>fmodf</code>&mdash;floating-point remainder (modulo)</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
1164</div> 1178</div>
1165<a name="frexp_002c-frexpf_002d_002d_002dsplit-floating_002dpoint-number"></a> 1179<span id="frexp_002c-frexpf_002d_002d_002dsplit-floating_002dpoint-number"></span><h3 class="section">1.26 <code>frexp</code>, <code>frexpf</code>&mdash;split floating-point number</h3>
1166<h3 class="section">1.25 <code>frexp</code>, <code>frexpf</code>&mdash;split floating-point number</h3> 1180<span id="index-frexp"></span>
1167<a name="index-frexp"></a> 1181<span id="index-frexpf"></span>
1168<a name="index-frexpf"></a>
1169<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 1182<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
1170</p><div class="example"> 1183</p><div class="example">
1171<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 1184<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -1200,23 +1213,23 @@ or Nan, <code>frexp</code> will set <code>*</code><var>exp</var> to <code>0</cod
1200 1213
1201<br> 1214<br>
1202<hr> 1215<hr>
1203<a name="gamma"></a> 1216</div>
1217<div class="section" id="gamma">
1204<div class="header"> 1218<div class="header">
1205<p> 1219<p>
1206Next: <a href="#hypot" accesskey="n" rel="next">hypot</a>, Previous: <a href="#frexp" accesskey="p" rel="previous">frexp</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 1220Next: <a href="#hypot" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>hypot</code>, <code>hypotf</code>&mdash;distance from origin</a>, Previous: <a href="#frexp" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>frexp</code>, <code>frexpf</code>&mdash;split floating-point number</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
1207</div> 1221</div>
1208<a name="gamma_002c-gammaf_002c-lgamma_002c-lgammaf_002c-gamma_005fr_002c-gammaf_005fr_002c-lgamma_005fr_002c-lgammaf_005fr_002c-tgamma_002c-and-tgammaf_002d_002dlogarithmic-and-plain-gamma-functions"></a> 1222<span id="gamma_002c-gammaf_002c-lgamma_002c-lgammaf_002c-gamma_005fr_002c-gammaf_005fr_002c-lgamma_005fr_002c-lgammaf_005fr_002c-tgamma_002c-and-tgammaf_002d_002d_002dlogarithmic-and-plain-gamma-functions"></span><h3 class="section">1.27 <code>gamma</code>, <code>gammaf</code>, <code>lgamma</code>, <code>lgammaf</code>, <code>gamma_r</code>, <code>gammaf_r</code>, <code>lgamma_r</code>, <code>lgammaf_r</code>, <code>tgamma</code>, and <code>tgammaf</code>&mdash;logarithmic and plain gamma functions</h3>
1209<h3 class="section">1.26 <code>gamma</code>, <code>gammaf</code>, <code>lgamma</code>, <code>lgammaf</code>, <code>gamma_r</code>, <code>gammaf_r</code>, <code>lgamma_r</code>, <code>lgammaf_r</code>, <code>tgamma</code>, and <code>tgammaf</code>&ndash;logarithmic and plain gamma functions</h3> 1223<span id="index-gamma"></span>
1210<a name="index-gamma"></a> 1224<span id="index-gammaf"></span>
1211<a name="index-gammaf"></a> 1225<span id="index-lgamma"></span>
1212<a name="index-lgamma"></a> 1226<span id="index-lgammaf"></span>
1213<a name="index-lgammaf"></a> 1227<span id="index-gamma_005fr"></span>
1214<a name="index-gamma_005fr"></a> 1228<span id="index-gammaf_005fr"></span>
1215<a name="index-gammaf_005fr"></a> 1229<span id="index-lgamma_005fr"></span>
1216<a name="index-lgamma_005fr"></a> 1230<span id="index-lgammaf_005fr"></span>
1217<a name="index-lgammaf_005fr"></a> 1231<span id="index-tgamma"></span>
1218<a name="index-tgamma"></a> 1232<span id="index-tgammaf"></span>
1219<a name="index-tgammaf"></a>
1220<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 1233<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
1221</p><div class="example"> 1234</p><div class="example">
1222<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 1235<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -1278,27 +1291,25 @@ Normally, the computed result is returned.
1278and <code>errno</code> is set to <code>EDOM</code>. If the result overflows, <code>gamma</code> 1291and <code>errno</code> is set to <code>EDOM</code>. If the result overflows, <code>gamma</code>
1279returns <code>HUGE_VAL</code> and <code>errno</code> is set to <code>ERANGE</code>. 1292returns <code>HUGE_VAL</code> and <code>errno</code> is set to <code>ERANGE</code>.
1280</p> 1293</p>
1281<p>You can modify this error treatment using <code>matherr</code>.
1282</p>
1283<br> 1294<br>
1284<p><strong>Portability</strong><br> 1295<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
1285Neither <code>gamma</code> nor <code>gammaf</code> is ANSI C. It is better not to use either 1296Neither <code>gamma</code> nor <code>gammaf</code> is ANSI C. It is better not to use either
1286of these; use <code>lgamma</code> or <code>tgamma</code> instead.<br> 1297of these; use <code>lgamma</code> or <code>tgamma</code> instead.<br>
1287<code>lgamma</code>, <code>lgammaf</code>, <code>tgamma</code>, and <code>tgammaf</code> are nominally C standard 1298<code>lgamma</code>, <code>lgammaf</code>, <code>tgamma</code>, and <code>tgammaf</code> are nominally C standard
1288in terms of the base return values, although the <code>matherr</code> error-handling 1299in terms of the base return values, although the <var>signgam</var> global for
1289is not standard, nor is the <var>signgam</var> global for <code>lgamma</code>. 1300<code>lgamma</code> is not standard.
1290</p> 1301</p>
1291<br> 1302<br>
1292<hr> 1303<hr>
1293<a name="hypot"></a> 1304</div>
1305<div class="section" id="hypot">
1294<div class="header"> 1306<div class="header">
1295<p> 1307<p>
1296Next: <a href="#ilogb" accesskey="n" rel="next">ilogb</a>, Previous: <a href="#gamma" accesskey="p" rel="previous">gamma</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 1308Next: <a href="#ilogb" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>ilogb</code>, <code>ilogbf</code>&mdash;get exponent of floating-point number</a>, Previous: <a href="#gamma" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>gamma</code>, <code>gammaf</code>, <code>lgamma</code>, <code>lgammaf</code>, <code>gamma_r</code>, <code>gammaf_r</code>, <code>lgamma_r</code>, <code>lgammaf_r</code>, <code>tgamma</code>, and <code>tgammaf</code>&mdash;logarithmic and plain gamma functions</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
1297</div> 1309</div>
1298<a name="hypot_002c-hypotf_002d_002d_002ddistance-from-origin"></a> 1310<span id="hypot_002c-hypotf_002d_002d_002ddistance-from-origin"></span><h3 class="section">1.28 <code>hypot</code>, <code>hypotf</code>&mdash;distance from origin</h3>
1299<h3 class="section">1.27 <code>hypot</code>, <code>hypotf</code>&mdash;distance from origin</h3> 1311<span id="index-hypot"></span>
1300<a name="index-hypot"></a> 1312<span id="index-hypotf"></span>
1301<a name="index-hypotf"></a>
1302<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 1313<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
1303</p><div class="example"> 1314</p><div class="example">
1304<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 1315<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -1319,22 +1330,20 @@ Normally, the distance value is returned. On overflow,
1319<code>hypot</code> returns <code>HUGE_VAL</code> and sets <code>errno</code> to 1330<code>hypot</code> returns <code>HUGE_VAL</code> and sets <code>errno</code> to
1320<code>ERANGE</code>. 1331<code>ERANGE</code>.
1321</p> 1332</p>
1322<p>You can change the error treatment with <code>matherr</code>.
1323</p>
1324<br> 1333<br>
1325<p><strong>Portability</strong><br> 1334<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
1326<code>hypot</code> and <code>hypotf</code> are not ANSI C. 1335<code>hypot</code> and <code>hypotf</code> are not ANSI C.
1327<br> 1336</p><br>
1328</p><hr> 1337<hr>
1329<a name="ilogb"></a> 1338</div>
1339<div class="section" id="ilogb">
1330<div class="header"> 1340<div class="header">
1331<p> 1341<p>
1332Next: <a href="#infinity" accesskey="n" rel="next">infinity</a>, Previous: <a href="#hypot" accesskey="p" rel="previous">hypot</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 1342Next: <a href="#infinity" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>infinity</code>, <code>infinityf</code>&mdash;representation of infinity</a>, Previous: <a href="#hypot" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>hypot</code>, <code>hypotf</code>&mdash;distance from origin</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
1333</div> 1343</div>
1334<a name="ilogb_002c-ilogbf_002d_002d_002dget-exponent-of-floating_002dpoint-number"></a> 1344<span id="ilogb_002c-ilogbf_002d_002d_002dget-exponent-of-floating_002dpoint-number"></span><h3 class="section">1.29 <code>ilogb</code>, <code>ilogbf</code>&mdash;get exponent of floating-point number</h3>
1335<h3 class="section">1.28 <code>ilogb</code>, <code>ilogbf</code>&mdash;get exponent of floating-point number</h3> 1345<span id="index-ilogb"></span>
1336<a name="index-ilogb"></a> 1346<span id="index-ilogbf"></span>
1337<a name="index-ilogbf"></a>
1338<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 1347<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
1339</p><div class="example"> 1348</p><div class="example">
1340<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 1349<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -1370,15 +1379,15 @@ C99, POSIX
1370</p> 1379</p>
1371<br> 1380<br>
1372<hr> 1381<hr>
1373<a name="infinity"></a> 1382</div>
1383<div class="section" id="infinity">
1374<div class="header"> 1384<div class="header">
1375<p> 1385<p>
1376Next: <a href="#isgreater" accesskey="n" rel="next">isgreater</a>, Previous: <a href="#ilogb" accesskey="p" rel="previous">ilogb</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 1386Next: <a href="#isgreater" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>isgreater</code>, <code>isgreaterequal</code>, <code>isless</code>, <code>islessequal</code>, <code>islessgreater</code>, and <code>isunordered</code>&mdash;comparison macros</a>, Previous: <a href="#ilogb" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>ilogb</code>, <code>ilogbf</code>&mdash;get exponent of floating-point number</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
1377</div> 1387</div>
1378<a name="infinity_002c-infinityf_002d_002drepresentation-of-infinity"></a> 1388<span id="infinity_002c-infinityf_002d_002d_002drepresentation-of-infinity"></span><h3 class="section">1.30 <code>infinity</code>, <code>infinityf</code>&mdash;representation of infinity</h3>
1379<h3 class="section">1.29 <code>infinity</code>, <code>infinityf</code>&ndash;representation of infinity</h3> 1389<span id="index-infinity"></span>
1380<a name="index-infinity"></a> 1390<span id="index-infinityf"></span>
1381<a name="index-infinityf"></a>
1382<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 1391<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
1383</p><div class="example"> 1392</p><div class="example">
1384<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 1393<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -1401,19 +1410,19 @@ infinities.
1401</p> 1410</p>
1402<br> 1411<br>
1403<hr> 1412<hr>
1404<a name="isgreater"></a> 1413</div>
1414<div class="section" id="isgreater">
1405<div class="header"> 1415<div class="header">
1406<p> 1416<p>
1407Next: <a href="#fpclassify" accesskey="n" rel="next">fpclassify</a>, Previous: <a href="#infinity" accesskey="p" rel="previous">infinity</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 1417Next: <a href="#fpclassify" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>fpclassify</code>, <code>isfinite</code>, <code>isinf</code>, <code>isnan</code>, and <code>isnormal</code>&mdash;floating-point classification macros; <code>finite</code>, <code>finitef</code>, <code>isinf</code>, <code>isinff</code>, <code>isnan</code>, <code>isnanf</code>&mdash;test for exceptional numbers</a>, Previous: <a href="#infinity" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>infinity</code>, <code>infinityf</code>&mdash;representation of infinity</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
1408</div> 1418</div>
1409<a name="isgreater_002c-isgreaterequal_002c-isless_002c-islessequal_002c-islessgreater_002c-and-isunordered_002d_002dcomparison-macros"></a> 1419<span id="isgreater_002c-isgreaterequal_002c-isless_002c-islessequal_002c-islessgreater_002c-and-isunordered_002d_002d_002dcomparison-macros"></span><h3 class="section">1.31 <code>isgreater</code>, <code>isgreaterequal</code>, <code>isless</code>, <code>islessequal</code>, <code>islessgreater</code>, and <code>isunordered</code>&mdash;comparison macros</h3>
1410<h3 class="section">1.30 <code>isgreater</code>, <code>isgreaterequal</code>, <code>isless</code>, <code>islessequal</code>, <code>islessgreater</code>, and <code>isunordered</code>&ndash;comparison macros</h3> 1420<span id="index-isgreater"></span>
1411<a name="index-isgreater"></a> 1421<span id="index-isgreaterequal"></span>
1412<a name="index-isgreaterequal"></a> 1422<span id="index-isless"></span>
1413<a name="index-isless"></a> 1423<span id="index-islessequal"></span>
1414<a name="index-islessequal"></a> 1424<span id="index-islessgreater"></span>
1415<a name="index-islessgreater"></a> 1425<span id="index-isunordered"></span>
1416<a name="index-isunordered"></a>
1417<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 1426<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
1418</p><div class="example"> 1427</p><div class="example">
1419<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 1428<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -1449,13 +1458,13 @@ exceptions, it is referring to the function that they are performing. It
1449is certainly possible to give them an expression which causes an exception. 1458is certainly possible to give them an expression which causes an exception.
1450For example: 1459For example:
1451</p><dl compact="compact"> 1460</p><dl compact="compact">
1452<dt><code>NaN &lt; 1.0</code></dt> 1461<dt><span><code>NaN &lt; 1.0</code></span></dt>
1453<dd><p>causes an &quot;invalid&quot; exception, 1462<dd><p>causes an &quot;invalid&quot; exception,
1454</p></dd> 1463</p></dd>
1455<dt><code>isless(NaN, 1.0)</code></dt> 1464<dt><span><code>isless(NaN, 1.0)</code></span></dt>
1456<dd><p>does not, and 1465<dd><p>does not, and
1457</p></dd> 1466</p></dd>
1458<dt><code>isless(NaN*0., 1.0)</code></dt> 1467<dt><span><code>isless(NaN*0., 1.0)</code></span></dt>
1459<dd><p>causes an exception due to the &quot;NaN*0.&quot;, but not from the 1468<dd><p>causes an exception due to the &quot;NaN*0.&quot;, but not from the
1460resultant reduced comparison of isless(NaN, 1.0). 1469resultant reduced comparison of isless(NaN, 1.0).
1461</p></dd> 1470</p></dd>
@@ -1479,24 +1488,24 @@ C99, POSIX.
1479 1488
1480<br> 1489<br>
1481<hr> 1490<hr>
1482<a name="fpclassify"></a> 1491</div>
1492<div class="section" id="fpclassify">
1483<div class="header"> 1493<div class="header">
1484<p> 1494<p>
1485Next: <a href="#ldexp" accesskey="n" rel="next">ldexp</a>, Previous: <a href="#isgreater" accesskey="p" rel="previous">isgreater</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 1495Next: <a href="#ldexp" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>ldexp</code>, <code>ldexpf</code>&mdash;load exponent</a>, Previous: <a href="#isgreater" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>isgreater</code>, <code>isgreaterequal</code>, <code>isless</code>, <code>islessequal</code>, <code>islessgreater</code>, and <code>isunordered</code>&mdash;comparison macros</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
1486</div> 1496</div>
1487<a name="fpclassify_002c-isfinite_002c-isinf_002c-isnan_002c-and-isnormal_002d_002dfloating_002dpoint-classification-macros_003b-finite_002c-finitef_002c-isinf_002c-isinff_002c-isnan_002c-isnanf_002d_002dtest-for-exceptional-numbers"></a> 1497<span id="fpclassify_002c-isfinite_002c-isinf_002c-isnan_002c-and-isnormal_002d_002d_002dfloating_002dpoint-classification-macros_003b-finite_002c-finitef_002c-isinf_002c-isinff_002c-isnan_002c-isnanf_002d_002d_002dtest-for-exceptional-numbers"></span><h3 class="section">1.32 <code>fpclassify</code>, <code>isfinite</code>, <code>isinf</code>, <code>isnan</code>, and <code>isnormal</code>&mdash;floating-point classification macros; <code>finite</code>, <code>finitef</code>, <code>isinf</code>, <code>isinff</code>, <code>isnan</code>, <code>isnanf</code>&mdash;test for exceptional numbers</h3>
1488<h3 class="section">1.31 <code>fpclassify</code>, <code>isfinite</code>, <code>isinf</code>, <code>isnan</code>, and <code>isnormal</code>&ndash;floating-point classification macros; <code>finite</code>, <code>finitef</code>, <code>isinf</code>, <code>isinff</code>, <code>isnan</code>, <code>isnanf</code>&ndash;test for exceptional numbers</h3> 1498<span id="index-fpclassify"></span>
1489<a name="index-fpclassify"></a> 1499<span id="index-isfinite"></span>
1490<a name="index-isfinite"></a> 1500<span id="index-isinf"></span>
1491<a name="index-isinf"></a> 1501<span id="index-isnan"></span>
1492<a name="index-isnan"></a> 1502<span id="index-isnormal"></span>
1493<a name="index-isnormal"></a> 1503<span id="index-isnan-1"></span>
1494<a name="index-isnan-1"></a> 1504<span id="index-isinf-1"></span>
1495<a name="index-isinf-1"></a> 1505<span id="index-finite"></span>
1496<a name="index-finite"></a> 1506<span id="index-isnanf"></span>
1497<a name="index-isnanf"></a> 1507<span id="index-isinff"></span>
1498<a name="index-isinff"></a> 1508<span id="index-finitef"></span>
1499<a name="index-finitef"></a>
1500<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 1509<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
1501</p><div class="example"> 1510</p><div class="example">
1502<pre class="example">[C99 standard macros:] 1511<pre class="example">[C99 standard macros:]
@@ -1508,7 +1517,7 @@ int isnan(real-floating <var>x</var>);
1508int isnormal(real-floating <var>x</var>); 1517int isnormal(real-floating <var>x</var>);
1509 1518
1510[Archaic SUSv2 functions:] 1519[Archaic SUSv2 functions:]
1511#include &lt;ieeefp.h&gt; 1520#include &lt;math.h&gt;
1512int isnan(double <var>arg</var>); 1521int isnan(double <var>arg</var>);
1513int isinf(double <var>arg</var>); 1522int isinf(double <var>arg</var>);
1514int finite(double <var>arg</var>); 1523int finite(double <var>arg</var>);
@@ -1533,19 +1542,19 @@ The <code>fpclassify</code> macro returns the value of the number classification
1533appropriate to the value of its argument: 1542appropriate to the value of its argument:
1534</p> 1543</p>
1535<dl compact="compact"> 1544<dl compact="compact">
1536<dt><code>FP_INFINITE</code></dt> 1545<dt><span><code>FP_INFINITE</code></span></dt>
1537<dd><p><var>x</var> is either plus or minus infinity; 1546<dd><p><var>x</var> is either plus or minus infinity;
1538</p></dd> 1547</p></dd>
1539<dt><code>FP_NAN</code></dt> 1548<dt><span><code>FP_NAN</code></span></dt>
1540<dd><p><var>x</var> is &quot;Not A Number&quot; (plus or minus); 1549<dd><p><var>x</var> is &quot;Not A Number&quot; (plus or minus);
1541</p></dd> 1550</p></dd>
1542<dt><code>FP_NORMAL</code></dt> 1551<dt><span><code>FP_NORMAL</code></span></dt>
1543<dd><p><var>x</var> is a &quot;normal&quot; number (i.e. is none of the other special forms); 1552<dd><p><var>x</var> is a &quot;normal&quot; number (i.e. is none of the other special forms);
1544</p></dd> 1553</p></dd>
1545<dt><code>FP_SUBNORMAL</code></dt> 1554<dt><span><code>FP_SUBNORMAL</code></span></dt>
1546<dd><p><var>x</var> is too small be stored as a regular normalized number (i.e. loss of precision is likely); or 1555<dd><p><var>x</var> is too small be stored as a regular normalized number (i.e. loss of precision is likely); or
1547</p></dd> 1556</p></dd>
1548<dt><code>FP_ZERO</code></dt> 1557<dt><span><code>FP_ZERO</code></span></dt>
1549<dd><p><var>x</var> is 0 (either plus or minus). 1558<dd><p><var>x</var> is 0 (either plus or minus).
1550</p></dd> 1559</p></dd>
1551</dl> 1560</dl>
@@ -1556,22 +1565,22 @@ classifying floating-point numbers, providing the following equivalent
1556relations: 1565relations:
1557</p> 1566</p>
1558<dl compact="compact"> 1567<dl compact="compact">
1559<dt><code><code>isfinite</code>(<var>x</var>)</code></dt> 1568<dt><span><code><code>isfinite</code>(<var>x</var>)</code></span></dt>
1560<dd><p>returns non-zero if <var>x</var> is finite. (It is equivalent to 1569<dd><p>returns non-zero if <var>x</var> is finite. (It is equivalent to
1561(<code>fpclassify</code>(<var>x</var>) != FP_INFINITE &amp;&amp; <code>fpclassify</code>(<var>x</var>) != FP_NAN).) 1570(<code>fpclassify</code>(<var>x</var>) != FP_INFINITE &amp;&amp; <code>fpclassify</code>(<var>x</var>) != FP_NAN).)
1562</p> 1571</p>
1563</dd> 1572</dd>
1564<dt><code><code>isinf</code>(<var>x</var>)</code></dt> 1573<dt><span><code><code>isinf</code>(<var>x</var>)</code></span></dt>
1565<dd><p>returns non-zero if <var>x</var> is infinite. (It is equivalent to 1574<dd><p>returns non-zero if <var>x</var> is infinite. (It is equivalent to
1566(<code>fpclassify</code>(<var>x</var>) == FP_INFINITE).) 1575(<code>fpclassify</code>(<var>x</var>) == FP_INFINITE).)
1567</p> 1576</p>
1568</dd> 1577</dd>
1569<dt><code><code>isnan</code>(<var>x</var>)</code></dt> 1578<dt><span><code><code>isnan</code>(<var>x</var>)</code></span></dt>
1570<dd><p>returns non-zero if <var>x</var> is NaN. (It is equivalent to 1579<dd><p>returns non-zero if <var>x</var> is NaN. (It is equivalent to
1571(<code>fpclassify</code>(<var>x</var>) == FP_NAN).) 1580(<code>fpclassify</code>(<var>x</var>) == FP_NAN).)
1572</p> 1581</p>
1573</dd> 1582</dd>
1574<dt><code><code>isnormal</code>(<var>x</var>)</code></dt> 1583<dt><span><code><code>isnormal</code>(<var>x</var>)</code></span></dt>
1575<dd><p>returns non-zero if <var>x</var> is normal. (It is equivalent to 1584<dd><p>returns non-zero if <var>x</var> is normal. (It is equivalent to
1576(<code>fpclassify</code>(<var>x</var>) == FP_NORMAL).) 1585(<code>fpclassify</code>(<var>x</var>) == FP_NORMAL).)
1577</p></dd> 1586</p></dd>
@@ -1584,19 +1593,19 @@ argument supplied.
1584<p>There are five major number formats (&quot;exponent&quot; referring to the 1593<p>There are five major number formats (&quot;exponent&quot; referring to the
1585biased exponent in the binary-encoded number): 1594biased exponent in the binary-encoded number):
1586</p><dl compact="compact"> 1595</p><dl compact="compact">
1587<dt><code>zero</code></dt> 1596<dt><span><code>zero</code></span></dt>
1588<dd><p>A number which contains all zero bits, excluding the sign bit. 1597<dd><p>A number which contains all zero bits, excluding the sign bit.
1589</p></dd> 1598</p></dd>
1590<dt><code>subnormal</code></dt> 1599<dt><span><code>subnormal</code></span></dt>
1591<dd><p>A number with a zero exponent but a nonzero fraction. 1600<dd><p>A number with a zero exponent but a nonzero fraction.
1592</p></dd> 1601</p></dd>
1593<dt><code>normal</code></dt> 1602<dt><span><code>normal</code></span></dt>
1594<dd><p>A number with an exponent and a fraction. 1603<dd><p>A number with an exponent and a fraction.
1595</p></dd> 1604</p></dd>
1596<dt><code>infinity</code></dt> 1605<dt><span><code>infinity</code></span></dt>
1597<dd><p>A number with an all 1&rsquo;s exponent and a zero fraction. 1606<dd><p>A number with an all 1&rsquo;s exponent and a zero fraction.
1598</p></dd> 1607</p></dd>
1599<dt><code>NAN</code></dt> 1608<dt><span><code>NAN</code></span></dt>
1600<dd><p>A number with an all 1&rsquo;s exponent and a nonzero fraction. 1609<dd><p>A number with an all 1&rsquo;s exponent and a nonzero fraction.
1601</p> 1610</p>
1602</dd> 1611</dd>
@@ -1614,7 +1623,7 @@ counterparts, but on single-precision floating-point numbers.
1614and <code>isinf</code> are macros that operate on multiple types of 1623and <code>isinf</code> are macros that operate on multiple types of
1615floating-point. The SUSv2 standard declares <code>isnan</code> as 1624floating-point. The SUSv2 standard declares <code>isnan</code> as
1616a function taking double. Newlib has decided to declare 1625a function taking double. Newlib has decided to declare
1617them both as macros in math.h and as functions in ieeefp.h to 1626them both as functions and as macros in math.h to
1618maintain backward compatibility. 1627maintain backward compatibility.
1619</p> 1628</p>
1620<br> 1629<br>
@@ -1627,21 +1636,23 @@ The isnormal macro returns nonzero if <var>x</var> has a normal value, else 0.
1627</p> 1636</p>
1628<br> 1637<br>
1629<p><strong>Portability</strong><br> 1638<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
1630math.h macros are C99, POSIX. 1639math.h macros are C99, POSIX.1-2001.
1631</p> 1640</p>
1632<p>ieeefp.h funtions are outdated and should be avoided. 1641<p>The functions originate from BSD; isnan was listed in the X/Open
1642Portability Guide and Single Unix Specification, but was dropped when
1643the macro was standardized in POSIX.1-2001.
1633</p> 1644</p>
1634<br> 1645<br>
1635<hr> 1646<hr>
1636<a name="ldexp"></a> 1647</div>
1648<div class="section" id="ldexp">
1637<div class="header"> 1649<div class="header">
1638<p> 1650<p>
1639Next: <a href="#log" accesskey="n" rel="next">log</a>, Previous: <a href="#fpclassify" accesskey="p" rel="previous">fpclassify</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 1651Next: <a href="#log" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>log</code>, <code>logf</code>&mdash;natural logarithms</a>, Previous: <a href="#fpclassify" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>fpclassify</code>, <code>isfinite</code>, <code>isinf</code>, <code>isnan</code>, and <code>isnormal</code>&mdash;floating-point classification macros; <code>finite</code>, <code>finitef</code>, <code>isinf</code>, <code>isinff</code>, <code>isnan</code>, <code>isnanf</code>&mdash;test for exceptional numbers</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
1640</div> 1652</div>
1641<a name="ldexp_002c-ldexpf_002d_002d_002dload-exponent"></a> 1653<span id="ldexp_002c-ldexpf_002d_002d_002dload-exponent"></span><h3 class="section">1.33 <code>ldexp</code>, <code>ldexpf</code>&mdash;load exponent</h3>
1642<h3 class="section">1.32 <code>ldexp</code>, <code>ldexpf</code>&mdash;load exponent</h3> 1654<span id="index-ldexp"></span>
1643<a name="index-ldexp"></a> 1655<span id="index-ldexpf"></span>
1644<a name="index-ldexpf"></a>
1645<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 1656<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
1646</p><div class="example"> 1657</p><div class="example">
1647<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 1658<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -1669,15 +1680,15 @@ On overflow, <code>ldexp</code> returns plus or minus <code>HUGE_VAL</code>.
1669</p> 1680</p>
1670<br> 1681<br>
1671<hr> 1682<hr>
1672<a name="log"></a> 1683</div>
1684<div class="section" id="log">
1673<div class="header"> 1685<div class="header">
1674<p> 1686<p>
1675Next: <a href="#log10" accesskey="n" rel="next">log10</a>, Previous: <a href="#ldexp" accesskey="p" rel="previous">ldexp</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 1687Next: <a href="#log10" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>log10</code>, <code>log10f</code>&mdash;base 10 logarithms</a>, Previous: <a href="#ldexp" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>ldexp</code>, <code>ldexpf</code>&mdash;load exponent</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
1676</div> 1688</div>
1677<a name="log_002c-logf_002d_002d_002dnatural-logarithms"></a> 1689<span id="log_002c-logf_002d_002d_002dnatural-logarithms"></span><h3 class="section">1.34 <code>log</code>, <code>logf</code>&mdash;natural logarithms</h3>
1678<h3 class="section">1.33 <code>log</code>, <code>logf</code>&mdash;natural logarithms</h3> 1690<span id="index-log"></span>
1679<a name="index-log"></a> 1691<span id="index-logf"></span>
1680<a name="index-logf"></a>
1681<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 1692<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
1682</p><div class="example"> 1693</p><div class="example">
1683<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 1694<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -1690,16 +1701,12 @@ Return the natural logarithm of <var>x</var>, that is, its logarithm base e
1690(where e is the base of the natural system of logarithms, 2.71828&hellip;). 1701(where e is the base of the natural system of logarithms, 2.71828&hellip;).
1691<code>log</code> and <code>logf</code> are identical save for the return and argument types. 1702<code>log</code> and <code>logf</code> are identical save for the return and argument types.
1692</p> 1703</p>
1693<p>You can use the (non-ANSI) function <code>matherr</code> to specify error
1694handling for these functions.
1695</p>
1696<br> 1704<br>
1697<p><strong>Returns</strong><br> 1705<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
1698Normally, returns the calculated value. When <var>x</var> is zero, the 1706Normally, returns the calculated value. When <var>x</var> is zero, the
1699returned value is <code>-HUGE_VAL</code> and <code>errno</code> is set to <code>ERANGE</code>. 1707returned value is <code>-HUGE_VAL</code> and <code>errno</code> is set to <code>ERANGE</code>.
1700When <var>x</var> is negative, the returned value is NaN (not a number) and 1708When <var>x</var> is negative, the returned value is NaN (not a number) and
1701<code>errno</code> is set to <code>EDOM</code>. You can control the error behavior via 1709<code>errno</code> is set to <code>EDOM</code>.
1702<code>matherr</code>.
1703</p> 1710</p>
1704<br> 1711<br>
1705<p><strong>Portability</strong><br> 1712<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
@@ -1707,15 +1714,15 @@ When <var>x</var> is negative, the returned value is NaN (not a number) and
1707</p> 1714</p>
1708<br> 1715<br>
1709<hr> 1716<hr>
1710<a name="log10"></a> 1717</div>
1718<div class="section" id="log10">
1711<div class="header"> 1719<div class="header">
1712<p> 1720<p>
1713Next: <a href="#log1p" accesskey="n" rel="next">log1p</a>, Previous: <a href="#log" accesskey="p" rel="previous">log</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 1721Next: <a href="#log1p" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>log1p</code>, <code>log1pf</code>&mdash;log of <code>1 + <var>x</var></code></a>, Previous: <a href="#log" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>log</code>, <code>logf</code>&mdash;natural logarithms</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
1714</div> 1722</div>
1715<a name="log10_002c-log10f_002d_002d_002dbase-10-logarithms"></a> 1723<span id="log10_002c-log10f_002d_002d_002dbase-10-logarithms"></span><h3 class="section">1.35 <code>log10</code>, <code>log10f</code>&mdash;base 10 logarithms</h3>
1716<h3 class="section">1.34 <code>log10</code>, <code>log10f</code>&mdash;base 10 logarithms</h3> 1724<span id="index-log10"></span>
1717<a name="index-log10"></a> 1725<span id="index-log10f"></span>
1718<a name="index-log10f"></a>
1719<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 1726<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
1720</p><div class="example"> 1727</p><div class="example">
1721<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 1728<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -1742,15 +1749,15 @@ It is implemented as <code>log(<var>x</var>) / log(10)</code>.
1742 1749
1743<br> 1750<br>
1744<hr> 1751<hr>
1745<a name="log1p"></a> 1752</div>
1753<div class="section" id="log1p">
1746<div class="header"> 1754<div class="header">
1747<p> 1755<p>
1748Next: <a href="#log2" accesskey="n" rel="next">log2</a>, Previous: <a href="#log10" accesskey="p" rel="previous">log10</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 1756Next: <a href="#log2" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>log2</code>, <code>log2f</code>&mdash;base 2 logarithm</a>, Previous: <a href="#log10" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>log10</code>, <code>log10f</code>&mdash;base 10 logarithms</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
1749</div> 1757</div>
1750<a name="log1p_002c-log1pf_002d_002d_002dlog-of-1-_002b-x"></a> 1758<span id="log1p_002c-log1pf_002d_002d_002dlog-of-1-_002b-x"></span><h3 class="section">1.36 <code>log1p</code>, <code>log1pf</code>&mdash;log of <code>1 + <var>x</var></code></h3>
1751<h3 class="section">1.35 <code>log1p</code>, <code>log1pf</code>&mdash;log of <code>1 + <var>x</var></code></h3> 1759<span id="index-log1p"></span>
1752<a name="index-log1p"></a> 1760<span id="index-log1pf"></span>
1753<a name="index-log1pf"></a>
1754<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 1761<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
1755</p><div class="example"> 1762</p><div class="example">
1756<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 1763<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -1780,15 +1787,15 @@ Interface Definition (Issue 2).
1780 1787
1781<br> 1788<br>
1782<hr> 1789<hr>
1783<a name="log2"></a> 1790</div>
1791<div class="section" id="log2">
1784<div class="header"> 1792<div class="header">
1785<p> 1793<p>
1786Next: <a href="#logb" accesskey="n" rel="next">logb</a>, Previous: <a href="#log1p" accesskey="p" rel="previous">log1p</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 1794Next: <a href="#logb" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>logb</code>, <code>logbf</code>&mdash;get exponent of floating-point number</a>, Previous: <a href="#log1p" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>log1p</code>, <code>log1pf</code>&mdash;log of <code>1 + <var>x</var></code></a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
1787</div> 1795</div>
1788<a name="log2_002c-log2f_002d_002dbase-2-logarithm"></a> 1796<span id="log2_002c-log2f_002d_002d_002dbase-2-logarithm"></span><h3 class="section">1.37 <code>log2</code>, <code>log2f</code>&mdash;base 2 logarithm</h3>
1789<h3 class="section">1.36 <code>log2</code>, <code>log2f</code>&ndash;base 2 logarithm</h3> 1797<span id="index-log2"></span>
1790<a name="index-log2"></a> 1798<span id="index-log2f"></span>
1791<a name="index-log2f"></a>
1792<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 1799<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
1793</p><div class="example"> 1800</p><div class="example">
1794<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 1801<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -1805,16 +1812,12 @@ argument is zero.
1805rather are derivatives based on <code>log</code>. (Accuracy might be slightly off from 1812rather are derivatives based on <code>log</code>. (Accuracy might be slightly off from
1806a direct calculation.) In addition to functions, they are also implemented as 1813a direct calculation.) In addition to functions, they are also implemented as
1807macros defined in math.h: 1814macros defined in math.h:
1808</p><div class="smallexample"> 1815</p><div class="example">
1809<pre class="smallexample"> #define log2(x) (log (x) / _M_LN2) 1816<pre class="example"> #define log2(x) (log (x) / _M_LN2)
1810 #define log2f(x) (logf (x) / (float) _M_LN2) 1817 #define log2f(x) (logf (x) / (float) _M_LN2)
1811</pre></div> 1818</pre></div>
1812<p>To use the functions instead, just undefine the macros first. 1819<p>To use the functions instead, just undefine the macros first.
1813</p> 1820</p>
1814<p>You can use the (non-ANSI) function <code>matherr</code> to specify error
1815handling for these functions, indirectly through the respective <code>log</code>
1816function.
1817</p>
1818<br> 1821<br>
1819<p><strong>Returns</strong><br> 1822<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
1820The <code>log2</code> functions return 1823The <code>log2</code> functions return
@@ -1823,8 +1826,7 @@ on success.
1823When <var>x</var> is zero, the 1826When <var>x</var> is zero, the
1824returned value is <code>-HUGE_VAL</code> and <code>errno</code> is set to <code>ERANGE</code>. 1827returned value is <code>-HUGE_VAL</code> and <code>errno</code> is set to <code>ERANGE</code>.
1825When <var>x</var> is negative, the returned value is NaN (not a number) and 1828When <var>x</var> is negative, the returned value is NaN (not a number) and
1826<code>errno</code> is set to <code>EDOM</code>. You can control the error behavior via 1829<code>errno</code> is set to <code>EDOM</code>.
1827<code>matherr</code>.
1828</p> 1830</p>
1829<br> 1831<br>
1830<p><strong>Portability</strong><br> 1832<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
@@ -1832,15 +1834,15 @@ C99, POSIX, System V Interface Definition (Issue 6).
1832</p> 1834</p>
1833<br> 1835<br>
1834<hr> 1836<hr>
1835<a name="logb"></a> 1837</div>
1838<div class="section" id="logb">
1836<div class="header"> 1839<div class="header">
1837<p> 1840<p>
1838Next: <a href="#lrint" accesskey="n" rel="next">lrint</a>, Previous: <a href="#log2" accesskey="p" rel="previous">log2</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 1841Next: <a href="#lrint" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>lrint</code>, <code>lrintf</code>, <code>llrint</code>, <code>llrintf</code>&mdash;round to integer</a>, Previous: <a href="#log2" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>log2</code>, <code>log2f</code>&mdash;base 2 logarithm</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
1839</div> 1842</div>
1840<a name="logb_002c-logbf_002d_002dget-exponent-of-floating_002dpoint-number"></a> 1843<span id="logb_002c-logbf_002d_002d_002dget-exponent-of-floating_002dpoint-number"></span><h3 class="section">1.38 <code>logb</code>, <code>logbf</code>&mdash;get exponent of floating-point number</h3>
1841<h3 class="section">1.37 <code>logb</code>, <code>logbf</code>&ndash;get exponent of floating-point number</h3> 1844<span id="index-logb"></span>
1842<a name="index-logb"></a> 1845<span id="index-logbf"></span>
1843<a name="index-logbf"></a>
1844<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 1846<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
1845</p><div class="example"> 1847</p><div class="example">
1846<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 1848<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -1881,17 +1883,17 @@ frexp, ilogb
1881</p> 1883</p>
1882<br> 1884<br>
1883<hr> 1885<hr>
1884<a name="lrint"></a> 1886</div>
1887<div class="section" id="lrint">
1885<div class="header"> 1888<div class="header">
1886<p> 1889<p>
1887Next: <a href="#lround" accesskey="n" rel="next">lround</a>, Previous: <a href="#logb" accesskey="p" rel="previous">logb</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 1890Next: <a href="#lround" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>lround</code>, <code>lroundf</code>, <code>llround</code>, <code>llroundf</code>&mdash;round to integer, to nearest</a>, Previous: <a href="#logb" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>logb</code>, <code>logbf</code>&mdash;get exponent of floating-point number</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
1888</div> 1891</div>
1889<a name="lrint_002c-lrintf_002c-llrint_002c-llrintf_002d_002dround-to-integer"></a> 1892<span id="lrint_002c-lrintf_002c-llrint_002c-llrintf_002d_002d_002dround-to-integer"></span><h3 class="section">1.39 <code>lrint</code>, <code>lrintf</code>, <code>llrint</code>, <code>llrintf</code>&mdash;round to integer</h3>
1890<h3 class="section">1.38 <code>lrint</code>, <code>lrintf</code>, <code>llrint</code>, <code>llrintf</code>&ndash;round to integer</h3> 1893<span id="index-lrint"></span>
1891<a name="index-lrint"></a> 1894<span id="index-lrintf"></span>
1892<a name="index-lrintf"></a> 1895<span id="index-llrint"></span>
1893<a name="index-llrint"></a> 1896<span id="index-llrintf"></span>
1894<a name="index-llrintf"></a>
1895<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 1897<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
1896</p><div class="example"> 1898</p><div class="example">
1897<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 1899<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -1925,17 +1927,17 @@ ANSI C, POSIX
1925 1927
1926<br> 1928<br>
1927<hr> 1929<hr>
1928<a name="lround"></a> 1930</div>
1931<div class="section" id="lround">
1929<div class="header"> 1932<div class="header">
1930<p> 1933<p>
1931Next: <a href="#matherr" accesskey="n" rel="next">matherr</a>, Previous: <a href="#lrint" accesskey="p" rel="previous">lrint</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 1934Next: <a href="#modf" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>modf</code>, <code>modff</code>&mdash;split fractional and integer parts</a>, Previous: <a href="#lrint" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>lrint</code>, <code>lrintf</code>, <code>llrint</code>, <code>llrintf</code>&mdash;round to integer</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
1932</div> 1935</div>
1933<a name="lround_002c-lroundf_002c-llround_002c-llroundf_002d_002dround-to-integer_002c-to-nearest"></a> 1936<span id="lround_002c-lroundf_002c-llround_002c-llroundf_002d_002d_002dround-to-integer_002c-to-nearest"></span><h3 class="section">1.40 <code>lround</code>, <code>lroundf</code>, <code>llround</code>, <code>llroundf</code>&mdash;round to integer, to nearest</h3>
1934<h3 class="section">1.39 <code>lround</code>, <code>lroundf</code>, <code>llround</code>, <code>llroundf</code>&ndash;round to integer, to nearest</h3> 1937<span id="index-lround"></span>
1935<a name="index-lround"></a> 1938<span id="index-lroundf"></span>
1936<a name="index-lroundf"></a> 1939<span id="index-llround"></span>
1937<a name="index-llround"></a> 1940<span id="index-llroundf"></span>
1938<a name="index-llroundf"></a>
1939<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 1941<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
1940</p><div class="example"> 1942</p><div class="example">
1941<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 1943<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -1969,126 +1971,15 @@ ANSI C, POSIX
1969 1971
1970<br> 1972<br>
1971<hr> 1973<hr>
1972<a name="matherr"></a>
1973<div class="header">
1974<p>
1975Next: <a href="#modf" accesskey="n" rel="next">modf</a>, Previous: <a href="#lround" accesskey="p" rel="previous">lround</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
1976</div> 1974</div>
1977<a name="matherr_002d_002d_002dmodifiable-math-error-handler"></a> 1975<div class="section" id="modf">
1978<h3 class="section">1.40 <code>matherr</code>&mdash;modifiable math error handler</h3>
1979<a name="index-matherr"></a>
1980<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
1981</p><div class="example">
1982<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
1983int matherr(struct exception *<var>e</var>);
1984
1985</pre></div>
1986<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
1987<code>matherr</code> is called whenever a math library function generates an error.
1988You can replace <code>matherr</code> by your own subroutine to customize
1989error treatment. The customized <code>matherr</code> must return 0 if
1990it fails to resolve the error, and non-zero if the error is resolved.
1991</p>
1992<p>When <code>matherr</code> returns a nonzero value, no error message is printed
1993and the value of <code>errno</code> is not modified. You can accomplish either
1994or both of these things in your own <code>matherr</code> using the information
1995passed in the structure <code>*<var>e</var></code>.
1996</p>
1997<p>This is the <code>exception</code> structure (defined in &lsquo;<code>math.h</code>&rsquo;):
1998</p><div class="smallexample">
1999<pre class="smallexample"> struct exception {
2000 int type;
2001 char *name;
2002 double arg1, arg2, retval;
2003 int err;
2004 };
2005</pre></div>
2006
2007<p>The members of the exception structure have the following meanings:
2008</p><dl compact="compact">
2009<dt><code>type</code></dt>
2010<dd><p>The type of mathematical error that occured; macros encoding error
2011types are also defined in &lsquo;<code>math.h</code>&rsquo;.
2012</p>
2013</dd>
2014<dt><code>name</code></dt>
2015<dd><p>a pointer to a null-terminated string holding the
2016name of the math library function where the error occurred.
2017</p>
2018</dd>
2019<dt><code>arg1, arg2</code></dt>
2020<dd><p>The arguments which caused the error.
2021</p>
2022</dd>
2023<dt><code>retval</code></dt>
2024<dd><p>The error return value (what the calling function will return).
2025</p>
2026</dd>
2027<dt><code>err</code></dt>
2028<dd><p>If set to be non-zero, this is the new value assigned to <code>errno</code>.
2029</p></dd>
2030</dl>
2031
2032
2033<p>The error types defined in &lsquo;<code>math.h</code>&rsquo; represent possible mathematical
2034errors as follows:
2035</p>
2036<dl compact="compact">
2037<dt><code>DOMAIN</code></dt>
2038<dd><p>An argument was not in the domain of the function; e.g. <code>log(-1.0)</code>.
2039</p>
2040</dd>
2041<dt><code>SING</code></dt>
2042<dd><p>The requested calculation would result in a singularity; e.g. <code>pow(0.0,-2.0)</code>
2043</p>
2044</dd>
2045<dt><code>OVERFLOW</code></dt>
2046<dd><p>A calculation would produce a result too large to represent; e.g.
2047<code>exp(1000.0)</code>.
2048</p>
2049</dd>
2050<dt><code>UNDERFLOW</code></dt>
2051<dd><p>A calculation would produce a result too small to represent; e.g.
2052<code>exp(-1000.0)</code>.
2053</p>
2054</dd>
2055<dt><code>TLOSS</code></dt>
2056<dd><p>Total loss of precision. The result would have no significant digits;
2057e.g. <code>sin(10e70)</code>.
2058</p>
2059</dd>
2060<dt><code>PLOSS</code></dt>
2061<dd><p>Partial loss of precision.
2062</p></dd>
2063</dl>
2064
2065
2066<br>
2067<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
2068The library definition for <code>matherr</code> returns <code>0</code> in all cases.
2069</p>
2070<p>You can change the calling function&rsquo;s result from a customized <code>matherr</code>
2071by modifying <code>e-&gt;retval</code>, which propagates backs to the caller.
2072</p>
2073<p>If <code>matherr</code> returns <code>0</code> (indicating that it was not able to resolve
2074the error) the caller sets <code>errno</code> to an appropriate value, and prints
2075an error message.
2076</p>
2077<br>
2078<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
2079<code>matherr</code> is not ANSI C.
2080</p>
2081<br>
2082<hr>
2083<a name="modf"></a>
2084<div class="header"> 1976<div class="header">
2085<p> 1977<p>
2086Next: <a href="#nan" accesskey="n" rel="next">nan</a>, Previous: <a href="#matherr" accesskey="p" rel="previous">matherr</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 1978Next: <a href="#nan" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>nan</code>, <code>nanf</code>&mdash;representation of &ldquo;Not a Number&rdquo;</a>, Previous: <a href="#lround" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>lround</code>, <code>lroundf</code>, <code>llround</code>, <code>llroundf</code>&mdash;round to integer, to nearest</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
2087</div> 1979</div>
2088<a name="modf_002c-modff_002d_002d_002dsplit-fractional-and-integer-parts"></a> 1980<span id="modf_002c-modff_002d_002d_002dsplit-fractional-and-integer-parts"></span><h3 class="section">1.41 <code>modf</code>, <code>modff</code>&mdash;split fractional and integer parts</h3>
2089<h3 class="section">1.41 <code>modf</code>, <code>modff</code>&mdash;split fractional and integer parts</h3> 1981<span id="index-modf"></span>
2090<a name="index-modf"></a> 1982<span id="index-modff"></span>
2091<a name="index-modff"></a>
2092<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 1983<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
2093</p><div class="example"> 1984</p><div class="example">
2094<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 1985<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -2118,20 +2009,20 @@ sign as the supplied argument <var>val</var>.
2118</p> 2009</p>
2119<br> 2010<br>
2120<hr> 2011<hr>
2121<a name="nan"></a> 2012</div>
2013<div class="section" id="nan">
2122<div class="header"> 2014<div class="header">
2123<p> 2015<p>
2124Next: <a href="#nearbyint" accesskey="n" rel="next">nearbyint</a>, Previous: <a href="#modf" accesskey="p" rel="previous">modf</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 2016Next: <a href="#nearbyint" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>nearbyint</code>, <code>nearbyintf</code>&mdash;round to integer</a>, Previous: <a href="#modf" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>modf</code>, <code>modff</code>&mdash;split fractional and integer parts</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
2125</div> 2017</div>
2126<a name="nan_002c-nanf_002d_002d_002drepresentation-of-_0060_0060Not-a-Number_0027_0027"></a> 2018<span id="nan_002c-nanf_002d_002d_002drepresentation-of-_0060_0060Not-a-Number_0027_0027"></span><h3 class="section">1.42 <code>nan</code>, <code>nanf</code>&mdash;representation of &ldquo;Not a Number&rdquo;</h3>
2127<h3 class="section">1.42 <code>nan</code>, <code>nanf</code>&mdash;representation of &ldquo;Not a Number&rdquo;</h3> 2019<span id="index-nan"></span>
2128<a name="index-nan"></a> 2020<span id="index-nanf"></span>
2129<a name="index-nanf"></a>
2130<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 2021<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
2131</p><div class="example"> 2022</p><div class="example">
2132<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 2023<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
2133double nan(const char *); 2024double nan(const char *<var>unused</var>);
2134float nanf(const char *); 2025float nanf(const char *<var>unused</var>);
2135 2026
2136</pre></div> 2027</pre></div>
2137<p><strong>Description</strong><br> 2028<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
@@ -2141,15 +2032,15 @@ argument is currently disregarded.
2141</p> 2032</p>
2142<br> 2033<br>
2143<hr> 2034<hr>
2144<a name="nearbyint"></a> 2035</div>
2036<div class="section" id="nearbyint">
2145<div class="header"> 2037<div class="header">
2146<p> 2038<p>
2147Next: <a href="#nextafter" accesskey="n" rel="next">nextafter</a>, Previous: <a href="#nan" accesskey="p" rel="previous">nan</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 2039Next: <a href="#nextafter" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>nextafter</code>, <code>nextafterf</code>&mdash;get next number</a>, Previous: <a href="#nan" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>nan</code>, <code>nanf</code>&mdash;representation of &ldquo;Not a Number&rdquo;</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
2148</div> 2040</div>
2149<a name="nearbyint_002c-nearbyintf_002d_002dround-to-integer"></a> 2041<span id="nearbyint_002c-nearbyintf_002d_002d_002dround-to-integer"></span><h3 class="section">1.43 <code>nearbyint</code>, <code>nearbyintf</code>&mdash;round to integer</h3>
2150<h3 class="section">1.43 <code>nearbyint</code>, <code>nearbyintf</code>&ndash;round to integer</h3> 2042<span id="index-nearbyint"></span>
2151<a name="index-nearbyint"></a> 2043<span id="index-nearbyintf"></span>
2152<a name="index-nearbyintf"></a>
2153<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 2044<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
2154</p><div class="example"> 2045</p><div class="example">
2155<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 2046<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -2187,15 +2078,15 @@ ANSI C, POSIX
2187</p> 2078</p>
2188<br> 2079<br>
2189<hr> 2080<hr>
2190<a name="nextafter"></a> 2081</div>
2082<div class="section" id="nextafter">
2191<div class="header"> 2083<div class="header">
2192<p> 2084<p>
2193Next: <a href="#pow" accesskey="n" rel="next">pow</a>, Previous: <a href="#nearbyint" accesskey="p" rel="previous">nearbyint</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 2085Next: <a href="#pow" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>pow</code>, <code>powf</code>&mdash;x to the power y</a>, Previous: <a href="#nearbyint" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>nearbyint</code>, <code>nearbyintf</code>&mdash;round to integer</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
2194</div> 2086</div>
2195<a name="nextafter_002c-nextafterf_002d_002d_002dget-next-number"></a> 2087<span id="nextafter_002c-nextafterf_002d_002d_002dget-next-number"></span><h3 class="section">1.44 <code>nextafter</code>, <code>nextafterf</code>&mdash;get next number</h3>
2196<h3 class="section">1.44 <code>nextafter</code>, <code>nextafterf</code>&mdash;get next number</h3> 2088<span id="index-nextafter"></span>
2197<a name="index-nextafter"></a> 2089<span id="index-nextafterf"></span>
2198<a name="index-nextafterf"></a>
2199<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 2090<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
2200</p><div class="example"> 2091</p><div class="example">
2201<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 2092<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -2222,15 +2113,15 @@ or by the System V Interface Definition (Issue 2).
2222</p> 2113</p>
2223<br> 2114<br>
2224<hr> 2115<hr>
2225<a name="pow"></a> 2116</div>
2117<div class="section" id="pow">
2226<div class="header"> 2118<div class="header">
2227<p> 2119<p>
2228Next: <a href="#remainder" accesskey="n" rel="next">remainder</a>, Previous: <a href="#nextafter" accesskey="p" rel="previous">nextafter</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 2120Next: <a href="#pow10" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>pow10</code>, <code>pow10f</code>&mdash;base 10 power functions</a>, Previous: <a href="#nextafter" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>nextafter</code>, <code>nextafterf</code>&mdash;get next number</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
2229</div> 2121</div>
2230<a name="pow_002c-powf_002d_002d_002dx-to-the-power-y"></a> 2122<span id="pow_002c-powf_002d_002d_002dx-to-the-power-y"></span><h3 class="section">1.45 <code>pow</code>, <code>powf</code>&mdash;x to the power y</h3>
2231<h3 class="section">1.45 <code>pow</code>, <code>powf</code>&mdash;x to the power y</h3> 2123<span id="index-pow"></span>
2232<a name="index-pow"></a> 2124<span id="index-powf"></span>
2233<a name="index-powf"></a>
2234<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 2125<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
2235</p><div class="example"> 2126</p><div class="example">
2236<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 2127<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -2252,22 +2143,53 @@ noninteger, and <var>y</var> is also not an integer, then <code>errno</code>
2252is set to <code>EDOM</code>. If <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> are both 0, then 2143is set to <code>EDOM</code>. If <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> are both 0, then
2253<code>pow</code> and <code>powf</code> return <code>1</code>. 2144<code>pow</code> and <code>powf</code> return <code>1</code>.
2254</p> 2145</p>
2255<p>You can modify error handling for these functions using <code>matherr</code>.
2256</p>
2257<br> 2146<br>
2258<p><strong>Portability</strong><br> 2147<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
2259<code>pow</code> is ANSI C. <code>powf</code> is an extension. 2148<code>pow</code> is ANSI C. <code>powf</code> is an extension.
2149</p><br>
2150<hr>
2151</div>
2152<div class="section" id="pow10">
2153<div class="header">
2154<p>
2155Next: <a href="#remainder" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>remainder</code>, <code>remainderf</code>&mdash;round and remainder</a>, Previous: <a href="#pow" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>pow</code>, <code>powf</code>&mdash;x to the power y</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
2156</div>
2157<span id="pow10_002c-pow10f_002d_002d_002dbase-10-power-functions"></span><h3 class="section">1.46 <code>pow10</code>, <code>pow10f</code>&mdash;base 10 power functions</h3>
2158<span id="index-pow10"></span>
2159<span id="index-pow10f"></span>
2160<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
2161</p><div class="example">
2162<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
2163double pow10(double <var>x</var>);
2164float pow10f(float <var>x</var>);
2165
2166</pre></div>
2167<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
2168<code>pow10</code> and <code>pow10f</code> calculate 10 ^ <var>x</var>, that is,
216910 raised to the power <var>x</var>.
2170</p>
2260<br> 2171<br>
2261</p><hr> 2172<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
2262<a name="remainder"></a> 2173On success, <code>pow10</code> and <code>pow10f</code> return the calculated value.
2174If the result underflows, the returned value is <code>0</code>. If the
2175result overflows, the returned value is <code>HUGE_VAL</code>. In
2176either case, <code>errno</code> is set to <code>ERANGE</code>.
2177</p>
2178<br>
2179<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
2180<code>pow10</code> and <code>pow10f</code> are GNU extensions.
2181</p>
2182<br>
2183<hr>
2184</div>
2185<div class="section" id="remainder">
2263<div class="header"> 2186<div class="header">
2264<p> 2187<p>
2265Next: <a href="#remquo" accesskey="n" rel="next">remquo</a>, Previous: <a href="#pow" accesskey="p" rel="previous">pow</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 2188Next: <a href="#remquo" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>remquo</code>, <code>remquof</code>&mdash;remainder and part of quotient</a>, Previous: <a href="#pow10" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>pow10</code>, <code>pow10f</code>&mdash;base 10 power functions</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
2266</div> 2189</div>
2267<a name="remainder_002c-remainderf_002d_002d_002dround-and-remainder"></a> 2190<span id="remainder_002c-remainderf_002d_002d_002dround-and-remainder"></span><h3 class="section">1.47 <code>remainder</code>, <code>remainderf</code>&mdash;round and remainder</h3>
2268<h3 class="section">1.46 <code>remainder</code>, <code>remainderf</code>&mdash;round and remainder</h3> 2191<span id="index-remainder"></span>
2269<a name="index-remainder"></a> 2192<span id="index-remainderf"></span>
2270<a name="index-remainderf"></a>
2271<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 2193<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
2272</p><div class="example"> 2194</p><div class="example">
2273<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 2195<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -2291,15 +2213,15 @@ float remainderf(float <var>x</var>, float <var>y</var>);
2291 2213
2292<br> 2214<br>
2293<hr> 2215<hr>
2294<a name="remquo"></a> 2216</div>
2217<div class="section" id="remquo">
2295<div class="header"> 2218<div class="header">
2296<p> 2219<p>
2297Next: <a href="#rint" accesskey="n" rel="next">rint</a>, Previous: <a href="#remainder" accesskey="p" rel="previous">remainder</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 2220Next: <a href="#rint" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>rint</code>, <code>rintf</code>&mdash;round to integer</a>, Previous: <a href="#remainder" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>remainder</code>, <code>remainderf</code>&mdash;round and remainder</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
2298</div> 2221</div>
2299<a name="remquo_002c-remquof_002d_002dremainder-and-part-of-quotient"></a> 2222<span id="remquo_002c-remquof_002d_002d_002dremainder-and-part-of-quotient"></span><h3 class="section">1.48 <code>remquo</code>, <code>remquof</code>&mdash;remainder and part of quotient</h3>
2300<h3 class="section">1.47 <code>remquo</code>, <code>remquof</code>&ndash;remainder and part of quotient</h3> 2223<span id="index-remquo"></span>
2301<a name="index-remquo"></a> 2224<span id="index-remquof"></span>
2302<a name="index-remquof"></a>
2303<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 2225<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
2304</p><div class="example"> 2226</p><div class="example">
2305<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 2227<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -2317,12 +2239,12 @@ quotient, not counting the sign.) This implementation uses n=31 if int is 32
2317bits or more, otherwise, n is 1 less than the width of int. 2239bits or more, otherwise, n is 1 less than the width of int.
2318</p> 2240</p>
2319<p>For example: 2241<p>For example:
2320</p><div class="smallexample"> 2242</p><div class="example">
2321<pre class="smallexample"> remquo(-29.0, 3.0, &amp;<var>quo</var>) 2243<pre class="example"> remquo(-29.0, 3.0, &amp;<var>quo</var>)
2322</pre></div> 2244</pre></div>
2323<p>returns -1.0 and sets <var>quo</var>=10, and 2245<p>returns -1.0 and sets <var>quo</var>=10, and
2324</p><div class="smallexample"> 2246</p><div class="example">
2325<pre class="smallexample"> remquo(-98307.0, 3.0, &amp;<var>quo</var>) 2247<pre class="example"> remquo(-98307.0, 3.0, &amp;<var>quo</var>)
2326</pre></div> 2248</pre></div>
2327<p>returns -0.0 and sets <var>quo</var>=-32769, although for 16-bit int, <var>quo</var>=-1. In 2249<p>returns -0.0 and sets <var>quo</var>=-32769, although for 16-bit int, <var>quo</var>=-1. In
2328the latter case, the actual quotient of -(32769=0x8001) is reduced to -1 2250the latter case, the actual quotient of -(32769=0x8001) is reduced to -1
@@ -2348,15 +2270,15 @@ C99, POSIX.
2348 2270
2349<br> 2271<br>
2350<hr> 2272<hr>
2351<a name="rint"></a> 2273</div>
2274<div class="section" id="rint">
2352<div class="header"> 2275<div class="header">
2353<p> 2276<p>
2354Next: <a href="#round" accesskey="n" rel="next">round</a>, Previous: <a href="#remquo" accesskey="p" rel="previous">remquo</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 2277Next: <a href="#round" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>round</code>, <code>roundf</code>&mdash;round to integer, to nearest</a>, Previous: <a href="#remquo" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>remquo</code>, <code>remquof</code>&mdash;remainder and part of quotient</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
2355</div> 2278</div>
2356<a name="rint_002c-rintf_002d_002dround-to-integer"></a> 2279<span id="rint_002c-rintf_002d_002d_002dround-to-integer"></span><h3 class="section">1.49 <code>rint</code>, <code>rintf</code>&mdash;round to integer</h3>
2357<h3 class="section">1.48 <code>rint</code>, <code>rintf</code>&ndash;round to integer</h3> 2280<span id="index-rint"></span>
2358<a name="index-rint"></a> 2281<span id="index-rintf"></span>
2359<a name="index-rintf"></a>
2360<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 2282<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
2361</p><div class="example"> 2283</p><div class="example">
2362<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 2284<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -2390,15 +2312,15 @@ ANSI C, POSIX
2390 2312
2391<br> 2313<br>
2392<hr> 2314<hr>
2393<a name="round"></a> 2315</div>
2316<div class="section" id="round">
2394<div class="header"> 2317<div class="header">
2395<p> 2318<p>
2396Next: <a href="#scalbn" accesskey="n" rel="next">scalbn</a>, Previous: <a href="#rint" accesskey="p" rel="previous">rint</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 2319Next: <a href="#scalbn" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>scalbn</code>, <code>scalbnf</code>, <code>scalbln</code>, <code>scalblnf</code>&mdash;scale by power of FLT_RADIX (=2)</a>, Previous: <a href="#rint" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>rint</code>, <code>rintf</code>&mdash;round to integer</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
2397</div> 2320</div>
2398<a name="round_002c-roundf_002d_002dround-to-integer_002c-to-nearest"></a> 2321<span id="round_002c-roundf_002d_002d_002dround-to-integer_002c-to-nearest"></span><h3 class="section">1.50 <code>round</code>, <code>roundf</code>&mdash;round to integer, to nearest</h3>
2399<h3 class="section">1.49 <code>round</code>, <code>roundf</code>&ndash;round to integer, to nearest</h3> 2322<span id="index-round"></span>
2400<a name="index-round"></a> 2323<span id="index-roundf"></span>
2401<a name="index-roundf"></a>
2402<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 2324<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
2403</p><div class="example"> 2325</p><div class="example">
2404<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 2326<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -2430,17 +2352,17 @@ ANSI C, POSIX
2430 2352
2431<br> 2353<br>
2432<hr> 2354<hr>
2433<a name="scalbn"></a> 2355</div>
2356<div class="section" id="scalbn">
2434<div class="header"> 2357<div class="header">
2435<p> 2358<p>
2436Next: <a href="#signbit" accesskey="n" rel="next">signbit</a>, Previous: <a href="#round" accesskey="p" rel="previous">round</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 2359Next: <a href="#signbit" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>signbit</code>&mdash;Does floating-point number have negative sign?</a>, Previous: <a href="#round" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>round</code>, <code>roundf</code>&mdash;round to integer, to nearest</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
2437</div> 2360</div>
2438<a name="scalbn_002c-scalbnf_002c-scalbln_002c-scalblnf_002d_002dscale-by-power-of-FLT_005fRADIX-_0028_003d2_0029"></a> 2361<span id="scalbn_002c-scalbnf_002c-scalbln_002c-scalblnf_002d_002d_002dscale-by-power-of-FLT_005fRADIX-_0028_003d2_0029"></span><h3 class="section">1.51 <code>scalbn</code>, <code>scalbnf</code>, <code>scalbln</code>, <code>scalblnf</code>&mdash;scale by power of FLT_RADIX (=2)</h3>
2439<h3 class="section">1.50 <code>scalbn</code>, <code>scalbnf</code>, <code>scalbln</code>, <code>scalblnf</code>&ndash;scale by power of FLT_RADIX (=2)</h3> 2362<span id="index-scalbn"></span>
2440<a name="index-scalbn"></a> 2363<span id="index-scalbnf"></span>
2441<a name="index-scalbnf"></a> 2364<span id="index-scalbln"></span>
2442<a name="index-scalbln"></a> 2365<span id="index-scalblnf"></span>
2443<a name="index-scalblnf"></a>
2444<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 2366<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
2445</p><div class="example"> 2367</p><div class="example">
2446<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 2368<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -2473,14 +2395,14 @@ ANSI C, POSIX
2473 2395
2474<br> 2396<br>
2475<hr> 2397<hr>
2476<a name="signbit"></a> 2398</div>
2399<div class="section" id="signbit">
2477<div class="header"> 2400<div class="header">
2478<p> 2401<p>
2479Next: <a href="#sin" accesskey="n" rel="next">sin</a>, Previous: <a href="#scalbn" accesskey="p" rel="previous">scalbn</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 2402Next: <a href="#sin" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>sin</code>, <code>sinf</code>, <code>cos</code>, <code>cosf</code>&mdash;sine or cosine</a>, Previous: <a href="#scalbn" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>scalbn</code>, <code>scalbnf</code>, <code>scalbln</code>, <code>scalblnf</code>&mdash;scale by power of FLT_RADIX (=2)</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
2480</div> 2403</div>
2481<a name="signbit_002d_002dDoes-floating_002dpoint-number-have-negative-sign_003f"></a> 2404<span id="signbit_002d_002d_002dDoes-floating_002dpoint-number-have-negative-sign_003f"></span><h3 class="section">1.52 <code>signbit</code>&mdash;Does floating-point number have negative sign?</h3>
2482<h3 class="section">1.51 <code>signbit</code>&ndash;Does floating-point number have negative sign?</h3> 2405<span id="index-signbit"></span>
2483<a name="index-signbit"></a>
2484<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 2406<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
2485</p><div class="example"> 2407</p><div class="example">
2486<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 2408<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -2509,17 +2431,17 @@ C99, POSIX.
2509 2431
2510<br> 2432<br>
2511<hr> 2433<hr>
2512<a name="sin"></a> 2434</div>
2435<div class="section" id="sin">
2513<div class="header"> 2436<div class="header">
2514<p> 2437<p>
2515Next: <a href="#sinh" accesskey="n" rel="next">sinh</a>, Previous: <a href="#signbit" accesskey="p" rel="previous">signbit</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 2438Next: <a href="#sinh" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>sinh</code>, <code>sinhf</code>&mdash;hyperbolic sine</a>, Previous: <a href="#signbit" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>signbit</code>&mdash;Does floating-point number have negative sign?</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
2516</div> 2439</div>
2517<a name="sin_002c-sinf_002c-cos_002c-cosf_002d_002d_002dsine-or-cosine"></a> 2440<span id="sin_002c-sinf_002c-cos_002c-cosf_002d_002d_002dsine-or-cosine"></span><h3 class="section">1.53 <code>sin</code>, <code>sinf</code>, <code>cos</code>, <code>cosf</code>&mdash;sine or cosine</h3>
2518<h3 class="section">1.52 <code>sin</code>, <code>sinf</code>, <code>cos</code>, <code>cosf</code>&mdash;sine or cosine</h3> 2441<span id="index-sin"></span>
2519<a name="index-sin"></a> 2442<span id="index-sinf"></span>
2520<a name="index-sinf"></a> 2443<span id="index-cos"></span>
2521<a name="index-cos"></a> 2444<span id="index-cosf"></span>
2522<a name="index-cosf"></a>
2523<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 2445<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
2524</p><div class="example"> 2446</p><div class="example">
2525<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 2447<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -2547,15 +2469,15 @@ The sine or cosine of <var>x</var> is returned.
2547</p> 2469</p>
2548<br> 2470<br>
2549<hr> 2471<hr>
2550<a name="sinh"></a> 2472</div>
2473<div class="section" id="sinh">
2551<div class="header"> 2474<div class="header">
2552<p> 2475<p>
2553Next: <a href="#sqrt" accesskey="n" rel="next">sqrt</a>, Previous: <a href="#sin" accesskey="p" rel="previous">sin</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 2476Next: <a href="#sqrt" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>sqrt</code>, <code>sqrtf</code>&mdash;positive square root</a>, Previous: <a href="#sin" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>sin</code>, <code>sinf</code>, <code>cos</code>, <code>cosf</code>&mdash;sine or cosine</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
2554</div> 2477</div>
2555<a name="sinh_002c-sinhf_002d_002d_002dhyperbolic-sine"></a> 2478<span id="sinh_002c-sinhf_002d_002d_002dhyperbolic-sine"></span><h3 class="section">1.54 <code>sinh</code>, <code>sinhf</code>&mdash;hyperbolic sine</h3>
2556<h3 class="section">1.53 <code>sinh</code>, <code>sinhf</code>&mdash;hyperbolic sine</h3> 2479<span id="index-sinh"></span>
2557<a name="index-sinh"></a> 2480<span id="index-sinhf"></span>
2558<a name="index-sinhf"></a>
2559<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 2481<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
2560</p><div class="example"> 2482</p><div class="example">
2561<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 2483<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -2566,8 +2488,8 @@ float sinhf(float <var>x</var>);
2566<p><strong>Description</strong><br> 2488<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
2567<code>sinh</code> computes the hyperbolic sine of the argument <var>x</var>. 2489<code>sinh</code> computes the hyperbolic sine of the argument <var>x</var>.
2568Angles are specified in radians. <code>sinh</code>(<var>x</var>) is defined as 2490Angles are specified in radians. <code>sinh</code>(<var>x</var>) is defined as
2569</p><div class="smallexample"> 2491</p><div class="example">
2570<pre class="smallexample"> (exp(<var>x</var>) - exp(-<var>x</var>))/2 2492<pre class="example"> (exp(<var>x</var>) - exp(-<var>x</var>))/2
2571</pre></div> 2493</pre></div>
2572 2494
2573<p><code>sinhf</code> is identical, save that it takes and returns <code>float</code> values. 2495<p><code>sinhf</code> is identical, save that it takes and returns <code>float</code> values.
@@ -2581,8 +2503,6 @@ overflow), <code>sinh</code> returns <code>HUGE_VAL</code> with the
2581appropriate sign, and sets the global value <code>errno</code> to 2503appropriate sign, and sets the global value <code>errno</code> to
2582<code>ERANGE</code>. 2504<code>ERANGE</code>.
2583</p> 2505</p>
2584<p>You can modify error handling for these functions with <code>matherr</code>.
2585</p>
2586<br> 2506<br>
2587<p><strong>Portability</strong><br> 2507<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
2588<code>sinh</code> is ANSI C. 2508<code>sinh</code> is ANSI C.
@@ -2590,15 +2510,15 @@ appropriate sign, and sets the global value <code>errno</code> to
2590</p> 2510</p>
2591<br> 2511<br>
2592<hr> 2512<hr>
2593<a name="sqrt"></a> 2513</div>
2514<div class="section" id="sqrt">
2594<div class="header"> 2515<div class="header">
2595<p> 2516<p>
2596Next: <a href="#tan" accesskey="n" rel="next">tan</a>, Previous: <a href="#sinh" accesskey="p" rel="previous">sinh</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 2517Next: <a href="#tan" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>tan</code>, <code>tanf</code>&mdash;tangent</a>, Previous: <a href="#sinh" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>sinh</code>, <code>sinhf</code>&mdash;hyperbolic sine</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
2597</div> 2518</div>
2598<a name="sqrt_002c-sqrtf_002d_002d_002dpositive-square-root"></a> 2519<span id="sqrt_002c-sqrtf_002d_002d_002dpositive-square-root"></span><h3 class="section">1.55 <code>sqrt</code>, <code>sqrtf</code>&mdash;positive square root</h3>
2599<h3 class="section">1.54 <code>sqrt</code>, <code>sqrtf</code>&mdash;positive square root</h3> 2520<span id="index-sqrt"></span>
2600<a name="index-sqrt"></a> 2521<span id="index-sqrtf"></span>
2601<a name="index-sqrtf"></a>
2602<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 2522<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
2603</p><div class="example"> 2523</p><div class="example">
2604<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 2524<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -2608,8 +2528,6 @@ float sqrtf(float <var>x</var>);
2608</pre></div> 2528</pre></div>
2609<p><strong>Description</strong><br> 2529<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
2610<code>sqrt</code> computes the positive square root of the argument. 2530<code>sqrt</code> computes the positive square root of the argument.
2611You can modify error handling for this function with
2612<code>matherr</code>.
2613</p> 2531</p>
2614<br> 2532<br>
2615<p><strong>Returns</strong><br> 2533<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
@@ -2623,15 +2541,15 @@ negative, the global value <code>errno</code> is set to <code>EDOM</code> (domai
2623</p> 2541</p>
2624<br> 2542<br>
2625<hr> 2543<hr>
2626<a name="tan"></a> 2544</div>
2545<div class="section" id="tan">
2627<div class="header"> 2546<div class="header">
2628<p> 2547<p>
2629Next: <a href="#tanh" accesskey="n" rel="next">tanh</a>, Previous: <a href="#sqrt" accesskey="p" rel="previous">sqrt</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 2548Next: <a href="#tanh" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>tanh</code>, <code>tanhf</code>&mdash;hyperbolic tangent</a>, Previous: <a href="#sqrt" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>sqrt</code>, <code>sqrtf</code>&mdash;positive square root</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
2630</div> 2549</div>
2631<a name="tan_002c-tanf_002d_002d_002dtangent"></a> 2550<span id="tan_002c-tanf_002d_002d_002dtangent"></span><h3 class="section">1.56 <code>tan</code>, <code>tanf</code>&mdash;tangent</h3>
2632<h3 class="section">1.55 <code>tan</code>, <code>tanf</code>&mdash;tangent</h3> 2551<span id="index-tan"></span>
2633<a name="index-tan"></a> 2552<span id="index-tanf"></span>
2634<a name="index-tanf"></a>
2635<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 2553<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
2636</p><div class="example"> 2554</p><div class="example">
2637<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 2555<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -2655,15 +2573,15 @@ The tangent of <var>x</var> is returned.
2655</p> 2573</p>
2656<br> 2574<br>
2657<hr> 2575<hr>
2658<a name="tanh"></a> 2576</div>
2577<div class="section" id="tanh">
2659<div class="header"> 2578<div class="header">
2660<p> 2579<p>
2661Next: <a href="#trunc" accesskey="n" rel="next">trunc</a>, Previous: <a href="#tan" accesskey="p" rel="previous">tan</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 2580Next: <a href="#trunc" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>trunc</code>, <code>truncf</code>&mdash;round to integer, towards zero</a>, Previous: <a href="#tan" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>tan</code>, <code>tanf</code>&mdash;tangent</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
2662</div> 2581</div>
2663<a name="tanh_002c-tanhf_002d_002d_002dhyperbolic-tangent"></a> 2582<span id="tanh_002c-tanhf_002d_002d_002dhyperbolic-tangent"></span><h3 class="section">1.57 <code>tanh</code>, <code>tanhf</code>&mdash;hyperbolic tangent</h3>
2664<h3 class="section">1.56 <code>tanh</code>, <code>tanhf</code>&mdash;hyperbolic tangent</h3> 2583<span id="index-tanh"></span>
2665<a name="index-tanh"></a> 2584<span id="index-tanhf"></span>
2666<a name="index-tanhf"></a>
2667<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 2585<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
2668</p><div class="example"> 2586</p><div class="example">
2669<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 2587<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -2677,8 +2595,8 @@ float tanhf(float <var>x</var>);
2677the argument <var>x</var>. Angles are specified in radians. 2595the argument <var>x</var>. Angles are specified in radians.
2678</p> 2596</p>
2679<p><code>tanh(<var>x</var>)</code> is defined as 2597<p><code>tanh(<var>x</var>)</code> is defined as
2680</p><div class="smallexample"> 2598</p><div class="example">
2681<pre class="smallexample"> sinh(<var>x</var>)/cosh(<var>x</var>) 2599<pre class="example"> sinh(<var>x</var>)/cosh(<var>x</var>)
2682</pre></div> 2600</pre></div>
2683<p><code>tanhf</code> is identical, save that it takes and returns <code>float</code> values. 2601<p><code>tanhf</code> is identical, save that it takes and returns <code>float</code> values.
2684</p> 2602</p>
@@ -2693,15 +2611,15 @@ The hyperbolic tangent of <var>x</var> is returned.
2693 2611
2694<br> 2612<br>
2695<hr> 2613<hr>
2696<a name="trunc"></a> 2614</div>
2615<div class="section" id="trunc">
2697<div class="header"> 2616<div class="header">
2698<p> 2617<p>
2699Previous: <a href="#tanh" accesskey="p" rel="previous">tanh</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 2618Previous: <a href="#tanh" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>tanh</code>, <code>tanhf</code>&mdash;hyperbolic tangent</a>, Up: <a href="#Math" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
2700</div> 2619</div>
2701<a name="trunc_002c-truncf_002d_002dround-to-integer_002c-towards-zero"></a> 2620<span id="trunc_002c-truncf_002d_002d_002dround-to-integer_002c-towards-zero"></span><h3 class="section">1.58 <code>trunc</code>, <code>truncf</code>&mdash;round to integer, towards zero</h3>
2702<h3 class="section">1.57 <code>trunc</code>, <code>truncf</code>&ndash;round to integer, towards zero</h3> 2621<span id="index-trunc"></span>
2703<a name="index-trunc"></a> 2622<span id="index-truncf"></span>
2704<a name="index-truncf"></a>
2705<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 2623<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
2706</p><div class="example"> 2624</p><div class="example">
2707<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt; 2625<pre class="example">#include &lt;math.h&gt;
@@ -2729,80 +2647,61 @@ ANSI C, POSIX
2729 2647
2730<br> 2648<br>
2731<hr> 2649<hr>
2732<a name="Complex"></a> 2650</div>
2651</div>
2652<div class="chapter" id="Complex">
2733<div class="header"> 2653<div class="header">
2734<p> 2654<p>
2735Next: <a href="#Reentrancy" accesskey="n" rel="next">Reentrancy</a>, Previous: <a href="#Math" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Math</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 2655Next: <a href="#Fenv" accesskey="n" rel="next">Floating-Point Environment (<samp>fenv.h</samp>)</a>, Previous: <a href="#Math" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">LIBM</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
2736</div> 2656</div>
2737<a name="Mathematical-Complex-Functions-_0028complex_002eh_0029"></a> 2657<span id="Mathematical-Complex-Functions-_0028complex_002eh_0029"></span><h2 class="chapter">2 Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</h2>
2738<h2 class="chapter">2 Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</h2>
2739 2658
2740<p>This chapter groups the complex mathematical functions. The 2659<p>This chapter groups the complex mathematical functions. The
2741corresponding definitions and declarations are in <samp>complex.h</samp>. 2660corresponding definitions and declarations are in <samp>complex.h</samp>.
2742Functions and documentations are taken from NetBSD. 2661Functions and documentations are taken from NetBSD.
2743</p> 2662</p>
2744<table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0">
2745<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#cabs" accesskey="1">cabs</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Complex absolute value
2746</td></tr>
2747<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#cacos" accesskey="2">cacos</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Complex arc cosine
2748</td></tr>
2749<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#cacosh" accesskey="3">cacosh</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Complex arc hyperbolic cosine
2750</td></tr>
2751<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#carg" accesskey="4">carg</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Argument (also called phase angle)
2752</td></tr>
2753<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#casin" accesskey="5">casin</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Complex arc sine
2754</td></tr>
2755<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#casinh" accesskey="6">casinh</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Complex arc hyperbolic sine
2756</td></tr>
2757<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#catan" accesskey="7">catan</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Complex arc tangent
2758</td></tr>
2759<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#catanh" accesskey="8">catanh</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Complex arc hyperbolic tangent
2760</td></tr>
2761<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#ccos" accesskey="9">ccos</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Complex cosine
2762</td></tr>
2763<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#ccosh">ccosh</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Complex hyperbolic cosine
2764</td></tr>
2765<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#cexp">cexp</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Complex exponent
2766</td></tr>
2767<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#cimag">cimag</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Imaginary part
2768</td></tr>
2769<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#clog">clog</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Complex natural (base e) logarithm
2770</td></tr>
2771<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#conj">conj</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Complex conjugate
2772</td></tr>
2773<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#cpow">cpow</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Complex power function
2774</td></tr>
2775<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#cproj">cproj</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Compute a projection on the Riemann sphere
2776</td></tr>
2777<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#creal">creal</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Real part
2778</td></tr>
2779<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#csin">csin</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Complex sine
2780</td></tr>
2781<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#csinh">csinh</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Complex hyperbolic sine
2782</td></tr>
2783<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#csqrt">csqrt</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Complex square root
2784</td></tr>
2785<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#ctan">ctan</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Complex tangent
2786</td></tr>
2787<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="#ctanh">ctanh</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">Complex hyperbolic tangent
2788</td></tr>
2789</table>
2790 2663
2664<ul class="section-toc">
2665<li><a href="#cabs" accesskey="1"><code>cabs</code>, <code>cabsf</code>, <code>cabsl</code>&mdash;complex absolute-value</a></li>
2666<li><a href="#cacos" accesskey="2"><code>cacos</code>, <code>cacosf</code>&mdash;complex arc cosine</a></li>
2667<li><a href="#cacosh" accesskey="3"><code>cacosh</code>, <code>cacoshf</code>&mdash;complex arc hyperbolic cosine</a></li>
2668<li><a href="#carg" accesskey="4"><code>carg</code>, <code>cargf</code>&mdash;argument (phase angle)</a></li>
2669<li><a href="#casin" accesskey="5"><code>casin</code>, <code>casinf</code>&mdash;complex arc sine</a></li>
2670<li><a href="#casinh" accesskey="6"><code>casinh</code>, <code>casinhf</code>&mdash;complex arc hyperbolic sine</a></li>
2671<li><a href="#catan" accesskey="7"><code>catan</code>, <code>catanf</code>&mdash;complex arc tangent</a></li>
2672<li><a href="#catanh" accesskey="8"><code>catanh</code>, <code>catanhf</code>&mdash;complex arc hyperbolic tangent</a></li>
2673<li><a href="#ccos" accesskey="9"><code>ccos</code>, <code>ccosf</code>&mdash;complex cosine</a></li>
2674<li><a href="#ccosh"><code>ccosh</code>, <code>ccoshf</code>&mdash;complex hyperbolic cosine</a></li>
2675<li><a href="#cexp"><code>cexp</code>, <code>cexpf</code>&mdash;complex base-e exponential</a></li>
2676<li><a href="#cimag"><code>cimag</code>, <code>cimagf</code>, <code>cimagl</code>&mdash;imaginary part</a></li>
2677<li><a href="#clog"><code>clog</code>, <code>clogf</code>&mdash;complex base-e logarithm</a></li>
2678<li><a href="#clog10"><code>clog10</code>, <code>clog10f</code>&mdash;complex base-10 logarithm</a></li>
2679<li><a href="#conj"><code>conj</code>, <code>conjf</code>&mdash;complex conjugate</a></li>
2680<li><a href="#cpow"><code>cpow</code>, <code>cpowf</code>&mdash;complex power</a></li>
2681<li><a href="#cproj"><code>cproj</code>, <code>cprojf</code>&mdash; Riemann sphere projection</a></li>
2682<li><a href="#creal"><code>creal</code>, <code>crealf</code>, <code>creall</code>&mdash;real part</a></li>
2683<li><a href="#csin"><code>csin</code>, <code>csinf</code>&mdash;complex sine</a></li>
2684<li><a href="#csinh"><code>csinh</code>, <code>csinhf</code>&mdash;complex hyperbolic sine</a></li>
2685<li><a href="#csqrt"><code>csqrt</code>, <code>csqrtf</code>&mdash;complex square root</a></li>
2686<li><a href="#ctan"><code>ctan</code>, <code>ctanf</code>&mdash;complex tangent</a></li>
2687<li><a href="#ctanh"><code>ctanh</code>, <code>ctanf</code>&mdash;complex hyperbolic tangent</a></li>
2688</ul>
2791<hr> 2689<hr>
2792<a name="cabs"></a> 2690<div class="section" id="cabs">
2793<div class="header"> 2691<div class="header">
2794<p> 2692<p>
2795Next: <a href="#cacos" accesskey="n" rel="next">cacos</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Complex</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 2693Next: <a href="#cacos" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>cacos</code>, <code>cacosf</code>&mdash;complex arc cosine</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
2796</div> 2694</div>
2797<a name="cabs_002c-cabsf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-absolute_002dvalue"></a> 2695<span id="cabs_002c-cabsf_002c-cabsl_002d_002d_002dcomplex-absolute_002dvalue"></span><h3 class="section">2.1 <code>cabs</code>, <code>cabsf</code>, <code>cabsl</code>&mdash;complex absolute-value</h3>
2798<h3 class="section">2.1 <code>cabs</code>, <code>cabsf</code>&mdash;complex absolute-value</h3> 2696<span id="index-cabs"></span>
2799<a name="index-cabs"></a> 2697<span id="index-cabsf"></span>
2800<a name="index-cabsf"></a> 2698<span id="index-cabsl"></span>
2801<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 2699<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
2802</p><div class="example"> 2700</p><div class="example">
2803<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt; 2701<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt;
2804double cabs(double complex <var>z</var>); 2702double cabs(double complex <var>z</var>);
2805float cabsf(float complex <var>z</var>); 2703float cabsf(float complex <var>z</var>);
2704long double cabsl(long double complex <var>z</var>);
2806 2705
2807</pre></div> 2706</pre></div>
2808<p><strong>Description</strong><br> 2707<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
@@ -2810,27 +2709,30 @@ These functions compute compute the complex absolute value
2810(also called norm, modulus, or magnitude) of <var>z</var>. 2709(also called norm, modulus, or magnitude) of <var>z</var>.
2811</p> 2710</p>
2812<p><code>cabsf</code> is identical to <code>cabs</code>, except that it performs 2711<p><code>cabsf</code> is identical to <code>cabs</code>, except that it performs
2813its calculations on <code>floats complex</code>. 2712its calculations on <code>float complex</code>.
2713</p>
2714<p><code>cabsl</code> is identical to <code>cabs</code>, except that it performs
2715its calculations on <code>long double complex</code>.
2814</p> 2716</p>
2815<br> 2717<br>
2816<p><strong>Returns</strong><br> 2718<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
2817The cabs functions return the complex absolute value. 2719The cabs* functions return the complex absolute value.
2818</p> 2720</p>
2819<br> 2721<br>
2820<p><strong>Portability</strong><br> 2722<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
2821<code>cabs</code> and <code>cabsf</code> are ISO C99 2723<code>cabs</code>, <code>cabsf</code> and <code>cabsl</code> are ISO C99
2822</p> 2724</p>
2823<br> 2725<br>
2824<hr> 2726<hr>
2825<a name="cacos"></a> 2727</div>
2728<div class="section" id="cacos">
2826<div class="header"> 2729<div class="header">
2827<p> 2730<p>
2828Next: <a href="#cacosh" accesskey="n" rel="next">cacosh</a>, Previous: <a href="#cabs" accesskey="p" rel="previous">cabs</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Complex</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 2731Next: <a href="#cacosh" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>cacosh</code>, <code>cacoshf</code>&mdash;complex arc hyperbolic cosine</a>, Previous: <a href="#cabs" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>cabs</code>, <code>cabsf</code>, <code>cabsl</code>&mdash;complex absolute-value</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
2829</div> 2732</div>
2830<a name="cacos_002c-cacosf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-arc-cosine"></a> 2733<span id="cacos_002c-cacosf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-arc-cosine"></span><h3 class="section">2.2 <code>cacos</code>, <code>cacosf</code>&mdash;complex arc cosine</h3>
2831<h3 class="section">2.2 <code>cacos</code>, <code>cacosf</code>&mdash;complex arc cosine</h3> 2734<span id="index-cacos"></span>
2832<a name="index-cacos"></a> 2735<span id="index-cacosf"></span>
2833<a name="index-cacosf"></a>
2834<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 2736<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
2835</p><div class="example"> 2737</p><div class="example">
2836<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt; 2738<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt;
@@ -2857,15 +2759,15 @@ and in the interval [0, pi] along the real axis.
2857</p> 2759</p>
2858<br> 2760<br>
2859<hr> 2761<hr>
2860<a name="cacosh"></a> 2762</div>
2763<div class="section" id="cacosh">
2861<div class="header"> 2764<div class="header">
2862<p> 2765<p>
2863Next: <a href="#carg" accesskey="n" rel="next">carg</a>, Previous: <a href="#cacos" accesskey="p" rel="previous">cacos</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Complex</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 2766Next: <a href="#carg" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>carg</code>, <code>cargf</code>&mdash;argument (phase angle)</a>, Previous: <a href="#cacos" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>cacos</code>, <code>cacosf</code>&mdash;complex arc cosine</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
2864</div> 2767</div>
2865<a name="cacosh_002c-cacoshf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-arc-hyperbolic-cosine"></a> 2768<span id="cacosh_002c-cacoshf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-arc-hyperbolic-cosine"></span><h3 class="section">2.3 <code>cacosh</code>, <code>cacoshf</code>&mdash;complex arc hyperbolic cosine</h3>
2866<h3 class="section">2.3 <code>cacosh</code>, <code>cacoshf</code>&mdash;complex arc hyperbolic cosine</h3> 2769<span id="index-cacosh"></span>
2867<a name="index-cacosh"></a> 2770<span id="index-cacoshf"></span>
2868<a name="index-cacoshf"></a>
2869<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 2771<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
2870</p><div class="example"> 2772</p><div class="example">
2871<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt; 2773<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt;
@@ -2893,15 +2795,15 @@ imaginary axis.
2893</p> 2795</p>
2894<br> 2796<br>
2895<hr> 2797<hr>
2896<a name="carg"></a> 2798</div>
2799<div class="section" id="carg">
2897<div class="header"> 2800<div class="header">
2898<p> 2801<p>
2899Next: <a href="#casin" accesskey="n" rel="next">casin</a>, Previous: <a href="#cacosh" accesskey="p" rel="previous">cacosh</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Complex</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 2802Next: <a href="#casin" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>casin</code>, <code>casinf</code>&mdash;complex arc sine</a>, Previous: <a href="#cacosh" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>cacosh</code>, <code>cacoshf</code>&mdash;complex arc hyperbolic cosine</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
2900</div> 2803</div>
2901<a name="carg_002c-cargf_002d_002d_002dargument-_0028phase-angle_0029"></a> 2804<span id="carg_002c-cargf_002d_002d_002dargument-_0028phase-angle_0029"></span><h3 class="section">2.4 <code>carg</code>, <code>cargf</code>&mdash;argument (phase angle)</h3>
2902<h3 class="section">2.4 <code>carg</code>, <code>cargf</code>&mdash;argument (phase angle)</h3> 2805<span id="index-carg"></span>
2903<a name="index-carg"></a> 2806<span id="index-cargf"></span>
2904<a name="index-cargf"></a>
2905<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 2807<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
2906</p><div class="example"> 2808</p><div class="example">
2907<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt; 2809<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt;
@@ -2927,15 +2829,15 @@ interval [-pi, +pi]
2927</p> 2829</p>
2928<br> 2830<br>
2929<hr> 2831<hr>
2930<a name="casin"></a> 2832</div>
2833<div class="section" id="casin">
2931<div class="header"> 2834<div class="header">
2932<p> 2835<p>
2933Next: <a href="#casinh" accesskey="n" rel="next">casinh</a>, Previous: <a href="#carg" accesskey="p" rel="previous">carg</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Complex</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 2836Next: <a href="#casinh" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>casinh</code>, <code>casinhf</code>&mdash;complex arc hyperbolic sine</a>, Previous: <a href="#carg" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>carg</code>, <code>cargf</code>&mdash;argument (phase angle)</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
2934</div> 2837</div>
2935<a name="casin_002c-casinf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-arc-sine"></a> 2838<span id="casin_002c-casinf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-arc-sine"></span><h3 class="section">2.5 <code>casin</code>, <code>casinf</code>&mdash;complex arc sine</h3>
2936<h3 class="section">2.5 <code>casin</code>, <code>casinf</code>&mdash;complex arc sine</h3> 2839<span id="index-casin"></span>
2937<a name="index-casin"></a> 2840<span id="index-casinf"></span>
2938<a name="index-casinf"></a>
2939<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 2841<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
2940</p><div class="example"> 2842</p><div class="example">
2941<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt; 2843<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt;
@@ -2962,15 +2864,15 @@ and in the interval [-pi/2, +pi/2] along the real axis.
2962</p> 2864</p>
2963<br> 2865<br>
2964<hr> 2866<hr>
2965<a name="casinh"></a> 2867</div>
2868<div class="section" id="casinh">
2966<div class="header"> 2869<div class="header">
2967<p> 2870<p>
2968Next: <a href="#catan" accesskey="n" rel="next">catan</a>, Previous: <a href="#casin" accesskey="p" rel="previous">casin</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Complex</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 2871Next: <a href="#catan" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>catan</code>, <code>catanf</code>&mdash;complex arc tangent</a>, Previous: <a href="#casin" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>casin</code>, <code>casinf</code>&mdash;complex arc sine</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
2969</div> 2872</div>
2970<a name="casinh_002c-casinhf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-arc-hyperbolic-sine"></a> 2873<span id="casinh_002c-casinhf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-arc-hyperbolic-sine"></span><h3 class="section">2.6 <code>casinh</code>, <code>casinhf</code>&mdash;complex arc hyperbolic sine</h3>
2971<h3 class="section">2.6 <code>casinh</code>, <code>casinhf</code>&mdash;complex arc hyperbolic sine</h3> 2874<span id="index-casinh"></span>
2972<a name="index-casinh"></a> 2875<span id="index-casinhf"></span>
2973<a name="index-casinhf"></a>
2974<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 2876<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
2975</p><div class="example"> 2877</p><div class="example">
2976<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt; 2878<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt;
@@ -2999,15 +2901,15 @@ imaginary axis.
2999</p> 2901</p>
3000<br> 2902<br>
3001<hr> 2903<hr>
3002<a name="catan"></a> 2904</div>
2905<div class="section" id="catan">
3003<div class="header"> 2906<div class="header">
3004<p> 2907<p>
3005Next: <a href="#catanh" accesskey="n" rel="next">catanh</a>, Previous: <a href="#casinh" accesskey="p" rel="previous">casinh</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Complex</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 2908Next: <a href="#catanh" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>catanh</code>, <code>catanhf</code>&mdash;complex arc hyperbolic tangent</a>, Previous: <a href="#casinh" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>casinh</code>, <code>casinhf</code>&mdash;complex arc hyperbolic sine</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3006</div> 2909</div>
3007<a name="catan_002c-catanf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-arc-tangent"></a> 2910<span id="catan_002c-catanf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-arc-tangent"></span><h3 class="section">2.7 <code>catan</code>, <code>catanf</code>&mdash;complex arc tangent</h3>
3008<h3 class="section">2.7 <code>catan</code>, <code>catanf</code>&mdash;complex arc tangent</h3> 2911<span id="index-catan"></span>
3009<a name="index-catan"></a> 2912<span id="index-catanf"></span>
3010<a name="index-catanf"></a>
3011<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 2913<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3012</p><div class="example"> 2914</p><div class="example">
3013<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt; 2915<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt;
@@ -3035,15 +2937,15 @@ and in the interval [-pi/2, +pi/2] along the real axis.
3035</p> 2937</p>
3036<br> 2938<br>
3037<hr> 2939<hr>
3038<a name="catanh"></a> 2940</div>
2941<div class="section" id="catanh">
3039<div class="header"> 2942<div class="header">
3040<p> 2943<p>
3041Next: <a href="#ccos" accesskey="n" rel="next">ccos</a>, Previous: <a href="#catan" accesskey="p" rel="previous">catan</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Complex</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 2944Next: <a href="#ccos" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>ccos</code>, <code>ccosf</code>&mdash;complex cosine</a>, Previous: <a href="#catan" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>catan</code>, <code>catanf</code>&mdash;complex arc tangent</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3042</div> 2945</div>
3043<a name="catanh_002c-catanhf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-arc-hyperbolic-tangent"></a> 2946<span id="catanh_002c-catanhf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-arc-hyperbolic-tangent"></span><h3 class="section">2.8 <code>catanh</code>, <code>catanhf</code>&mdash;complex arc hyperbolic tangent</h3>
3044<h3 class="section">2.8 <code>catanh</code>, <code>catanhf</code>&mdash;complex arc hyperbolic tangent</h3> 2947<span id="index-catanh"></span>
3045<a name="index-catanh"></a> 2948<span id="index-catanhf"></span>
3046<a name="index-catanhf"></a>
3047<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 2949<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3048</p><div class="example"> 2950</p><div class="example">
3049<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt; 2951<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt;
@@ -3072,15 +2974,15 @@ imaginary axis.
3072</p> 2974</p>
3073<br> 2975<br>
3074<hr> 2976<hr>
3075<a name="ccos"></a> 2977</div>
2978<div class="section" id="ccos">
3076<div class="header"> 2979<div class="header">
3077<p> 2980<p>
3078Next: <a href="#ccosh" accesskey="n" rel="next">ccosh</a>, Previous: <a href="#catanh" accesskey="p" rel="previous">catanh</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Complex</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 2981Next: <a href="#ccosh" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>ccosh</code>, <code>ccoshf</code>&mdash;complex hyperbolic cosine</a>, Previous: <a href="#catanh" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>catanh</code>, <code>catanhf</code>&mdash;complex arc hyperbolic tangent</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3079</div> 2982</div>
3080<a name="ccos_002c-ccosf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-cosine"></a> 2983<span id="ccos_002c-ccosf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-cosine"></span><h3 class="section">2.9 <code>ccos</code>, <code>ccosf</code>&mdash;complex cosine</h3>
3081<h3 class="section">2.9 <code>ccos</code>, <code>ccosf</code>&mdash;complex cosine</h3> 2984<span id="index-ccos"></span>
3082<a name="index-ccos"></a> 2985<span id="index-ccosf"></span>
3083<a name="index-ccosf"></a>
3084<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 2986<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3085</p><div class="example"> 2987</p><div class="example">
3086<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt; 2988<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt;
@@ -3104,15 +3006,15 @@ These functions return the complex cosine value.
3104</p> 3006</p>
3105<br> 3007<br>
3106<hr> 3008<hr>
3107<a name="ccosh"></a> 3009</div>
3010<div class="section" id="ccosh">
3108<div class="header"> 3011<div class="header">
3109<p> 3012<p>
3110Next: <a href="#cexp" accesskey="n" rel="next">cexp</a>, Previous: <a href="#ccos" accesskey="p" rel="previous">ccos</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Complex</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 3013Next: <a href="#cexp" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>cexp</code>, <code>cexpf</code>&mdash;complex base-e exponential</a>, Previous: <a href="#ccos" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>ccos</code>, <code>ccosf</code>&mdash;complex cosine</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3111</div> 3014</div>
3112<a name="ccosh_002c-ccoshf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-hyperbolic-cosine"></a> 3015<span id="ccosh_002c-ccoshf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-hyperbolic-cosine"></span><h3 class="section">2.10 <code>ccosh</code>, <code>ccoshf</code>&mdash;complex hyperbolic cosine</h3>
3113<h3 class="section">2.10 <code>ccosh</code>, <code>ccoshf</code>&mdash;complex hyperbolic cosine</h3> 3016<span id="index-ccosh"></span>
3114<a name="index-ccosh"></a> 3017<span id="index-ccoshf"></span>
3115<a name="index-ccoshf"></a>
3116<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 3018<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3117</p><div class="example"> 3019</p><div class="example">
3118<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt; 3020<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt;
@@ -3136,15 +3038,15 @@ These functions return the complex hyperbolic cosine value.
3136</p> 3038</p>
3137<br> 3039<br>
3138<hr> 3040<hr>
3139<a name="cexp"></a> 3041</div>
3042<div class="section" id="cexp">
3140<div class="header"> 3043<div class="header">
3141<p> 3044<p>
3142Next: <a href="#cimag" accesskey="n" rel="next">cimag</a>, Previous: <a href="#ccosh" accesskey="p" rel="previous">ccosh</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Complex</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 3045Next: <a href="#cimag" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>cimag</code>, <code>cimagf</code>, <code>cimagl</code>&mdash;imaginary part</a>, Previous: <a href="#ccosh" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>ccosh</code>, <code>ccoshf</code>&mdash;complex hyperbolic cosine</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3143</div> 3046</div>
3144<a name="cexp_002c-cexpf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-base_002de-exponential"></a> 3047<span id="cexp_002c-cexpf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-base_002de-exponential"></span><h3 class="section">2.11 <code>cexp</code>, <code>cexpf</code>&mdash;complex base-e exponential</h3>
3145<h3 class="section">2.11 <code>cexp</code>, <code>cexpf</code>&mdash;complex base-e exponential</h3> 3048<span id="index-cexp"></span>
3146<a name="index-cexp"></a> 3049<span id="index-cexpf"></span>
3147<a name="index-cexpf"></a>
3148<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 3050<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3149</p><div class="example"> 3051</p><div class="example">
3150<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt; 3052<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt;
@@ -3168,47 +3070,52 @@ The cexp functions return the complex base-<var>e</var> exponential value.
3168</p> 3070</p>
3169<br> 3071<br>
3170<hr> 3072<hr>
3171<a name="cimag"></a> 3073</div>
3074<div class="section" id="cimag">
3172<div class="header"> 3075<div class="header">
3173<p> 3076<p>
3174Next: <a href="#clog" accesskey="n" rel="next">clog</a>, Previous: <a href="#cexp" accesskey="p" rel="previous">cexp</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Complex</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 3077Next: <a href="#clog" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>clog</code>, <code>clogf</code>&mdash;complex base-e logarithm</a>, Previous: <a href="#cexp" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>cexp</code>, <code>cexpf</code>&mdash;complex base-e exponential</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3175</div> 3078</div>
3176<a name="cimag_002c-cimagf_002d_002d_002dimaginary-part"></a> 3079<span id="cimag_002c-cimagf_002c-cimagl_002d_002d_002dimaginary-part"></span><h3 class="section">2.12 <code>cimag</code>, <code>cimagf</code>, <code>cimagl</code>&mdash;imaginary part</h3>
3177<h3 class="section">2.12 <code>cimag</code>, <code>cimagf</code>&mdash;imaginary part</h3> 3080<span id="index-cimag"></span>
3178<a name="index-cimag"></a> 3081<span id="index-cimagf"></span>
3179<a name="index-cimagf"></a> 3082<span id="index-cimagl"></span>
3180<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 3083<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3181</p><div class="example"> 3084</p><div class="example">
3182<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt; 3085<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt;
3183double cimag(double complex <var>z</var>); 3086double cimag(double complex <var>z</var>);
3184float cimagf(float complex <var>z</var>); 3087float cimagf(float complex <var>z</var>);
3088long double cimagl(long double complex <var>z</var>);
3185 3089
3186</pre></div> 3090</pre></div>
3187<p><strong>Description</strong><br> 3091<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
3188These functions compute the imaginary part of <var>z</var>. 3092These functions compute the imaginary part of <var>z</var>.
3189</p> 3093</p>
3190<p><code>cimagf</code> is identical to <code>cimag</code>, except that it performs 3094<p><code>cimagf</code> is identical to <code>cimag</code>, except that it performs
3191its calculations on <code>floats complex</code>. 3095its calculations on <code>float complex</code>.
3096</p>
3097<p><code>cimagl</code> is identical to <code>cimag</code>, except that it performs
3098its calculations on <code>long double complex</code>.
3192</p> 3099</p>
3193<br> 3100<br>
3194<p><strong>Returns</strong><br> 3101<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
3195The cimag functions return the imaginary part value (as a real). 3102The cimag* functions return the imaginary part value (as a real).
3196</p> 3103</p>
3197<br> 3104<br>
3198<p><strong>Portability</strong><br> 3105<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
3199<code>cimag</code> and <code>cimagf</code> are ISO C99 3106<code>cimag</code>, <code>cimagf</code> and <code>cimagl</code> are ISO C99
3200</p> 3107</p>
3201<br> 3108<br>
3202<hr> 3109<hr>
3203<a name="clog"></a> 3110</div>
3111<div class="section" id="clog">
3204<div class="header"> 3112<div class="header">
3205<p> 3113<p>
3206Next: <a href="#conj" accesskey="n" rel="next">conj</a>, Previous: <a href="#cimag" accesskey="p" rel="previous">cimag</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Complex</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 3114Next: <a href="#clog10" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>clog10</code>, <code>clog10f</code>&mdash;complex base-10 logarithm</a>, Previous: <a href="#cimag" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>cimag</code>, <code>cimagf</code>, <code>cimagl</code>&mdash;imaginary part</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3207</div> 3115</div>
3208<a name="clog_002c-clogf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-base_002de-logarithm"></a> 3116<span id="clog_002c-clogf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-base_002de-logarithm"></span><h3 class="section">2.13 <code>clog</code>, <code>clogf</code>&mdash;complex base-e logarithm</h3>
3209<h3 class="section">2.13 <code>clog</code>, <code>clogf</code>&mdash;complex base-e logarithm</h3> 3117<span id="index-clog"></span>
3210<a name="index-clog"></a> 3118<span id="index-clogf"></span>
3211<a name="index-clogf"></a>
3212<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 3119<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3213</p><div class="example"> 3120</p><div class="example">
3214<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt; 3121<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt;
@@ -3235,15 +3142,50 @@ and in the interval [-i*pi , +i*pi] along the imaginary axis.
3235</p> 3142</p>
3236<br> 3143<br>
3237<hr> 3144<hr>
3238<a name="conj"></a> 3145</div>
3146<div class="section" id="clog10">
3147<div class="header">
3148<p>
3149Next: <a href="#conj" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>conj</code>, <code>conjf</code>&mdash;complex conjugate</a>, Previous: <a href="#clog" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>clog</code>, <code>clogf</code>&mdash;complex base-e logarithm</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3150</div>
3151<span id="clog10_002c-clog10f_002d_002d_002dcomplex-base_002d10-logarithm"></span><h3 class="section">2.14 <code>clog10</code>, <code>clog10f</code>&mdash;complex base-10 logarithm</h3>
3152<span id="index-clog10"></span>
3153<span id="index-clog10f"></span>
3154<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3155</p><div class="example">
3156<pre class="example">#define _GNU_SOURCE
3157#include &lt;complex.h&gt;
3158double complex clog10(double complex <var>z</var>);
3159float complex clog10f(float complex <var>z</var>);
3160
3161</pre></div>
3162<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
3163These functions compute the complex base-10 logarithm of <var>z</var>.
3164<code>clog10</code> is equivalent to <code>clog</code>(<var>z</var>)/<code>log</code>(10).
3165</p>
3166<p><code>clog10f</code> is identical to <code>clog10</code>, except that it performs
3167its calculations on <code>floats complex</code>.
3168</p>
3169<br>
3170<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
3171The clog10 functions return the complex base-10 logarithm value.
3172</p>
3173<br>
3174<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
3175<code>clog10</code> and <code>clog10f</code> are GNU extensions.
3176</p>
3177
3178<br>
3179<hr>
3180</div>
3181<div class="section" id="conj">
3239<div class="header"> 3182<div class="header">
3240<p> 3183<p>
3241Next: <a href="#cpow" accesskey="n" rel="next">cpow</a>, Previous: <a href="#clog" accesskey="p" rel="previous">clog</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Complex</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 3184Next: <a href="#cpow" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>cpow</code>, <code>cpowf</code>&mdash;complex power</a>, Previous: <a href="#clog10" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>clog10</code>, <code>clog10f</code>&mdash;complex base-10 logarithm</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3242</div> 3185</div>
3243<a name="conj_002c-conjf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-conjugate"></a> 3186<span id="conj_002c-conjf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-conjugate"></span><h3 class="section">2.15 <code>conj</code>, <code>conjf</code>&mdash;complex conjugate</h3>
3244<h3 class="section">2.14 <code>conj</code>, <code>conjf</code>&mdash;complex conjugate</h3> 3187<span id="index-conj"></span>
3245<a name="index-conj"></a> 3188<span id="index-conjf"></span>
3246<a name="index-conjf"></a>
3247<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 3189<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3248</p><div class="example"> 3190</p><div class="example">
3249<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt; 3191<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt;
@@ -3268,15 +3210,15 @@ The conj functions return the complex conjugate value.
3268</p> 3210</p>
3269<br> 3211<br>
3270<hr> 3212<hr>
3271<a name="cpow"></a> 3213</div>
3214<div class="section" id="cpow">
3272<div class="header"> 3215<div class="header">
3273<p> 3216<p>
3274Next: <a href="#cproj" accesskey="n" rel="next">cproj</a>, Previous: <a href="#conj" accesskey="p" rel="previous">conj</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Complex</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 3217Next: <a href="#cproj" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>cproj</code>, <code>cprojf</code>&mdash; Riemann sphere projection</a>, Previous: <a href="#conj" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>conj</code>, <code>conjf</code>&mdash;complex conjugate</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3275</div> 3218</div>
3276<a name="cpow_002c-cpowf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-power"></a> 3219<span id="cpow_002c-cpowf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-power"></span><h3 class="section">2.16 <code>cpow</code>, <code>cpowf</code>&mdash;complex power</h3>
3277<h3 class="section">2.15 <code>cpow</code>, <code>cpowf</code>&mdash;complex power</h3> 3220<span id="index-cpow"></span>
3278<a name="index-cpow"></a> 3221<span id="index-cpowf"></span>
3279<a name="index-cpowf"></a>
3280<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 3222<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3281</p><div class="example"> 3223</p><div class="example">
3282<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt; 3224<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt;
@@ -3302,15 +3244,15 @@ The cpow functions return the complex power function value.
3302</p> 3244</p>
3303<br> 3245<br>
3304<hr> 3246<hr>
3305<a name="cproj"></a> 3247</div>
3248<div class="section" id="cproj">
3306<div class="header"> 3249<div class="header">
3307<p> 3250<p>
3308Next: <a href="#creal" accesskey="n" rel="next">creal</a>, Previous: <a href="#cpow" accesskey="p" rel="previous">cpow</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Complex</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 3251Next: <a href="#creal" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>creal</code>, <code>crealf</code>, <code>creall</code>&mdash;real part</a>, Previous: <a href="#cpow" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>cpow</code>, <code>cpowf</code>&mdash;complex power</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3309</div> 3252</div>
3310<a name="cproj_002c-cprojf_002d_002d_002d-Riemann-sphere-projection"></a> 3253<span id="cproj_002c-cprojf_002d_002d_002d-Riemann-sphere-projection"></span><h3 class="section">2.17 <code>cproj</code>, <code>cprojf</code>&mdash; Riemann sphere projection</h3>
3311<h3 class="section">2.16 <code>cproj</code>, <code>cprojf</code>&mdash; Riemann sphere projection</h3> 3254<span id="index-cproj"></span>
3312<a name="index-cproj"></a> 3255<span id="index-cprojf"></span>
3313<a name="index-cprojf"></a>
3314<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 3256<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3315</p><div class="example"> 3257</p><div class="example">
3316<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt; 3258<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt;
@@ -3341,47 +3283,52 @@ the Riemann sphere.
3341</p> 3283</p>
3342<br> 3284<br>
3343<hr> 3285<hr>
3344<a name="creal"></a> 3286</div>
3287<div class="section" id="creal">
3345<div class="header"> 3288<div class="header">
3346<p> 3289<p>
3347Next: <a href="#csin" accesskey="n" rel="next">csin</a>, Previous: <a href="#cproj" accesskey="p" rel="previous">cproj</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Complex</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 3290Next: <a href="#csin" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>csin</code>, <code>csinf</code>&mdash;complex sine</a>, Previous: <a href="#cproj" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>cproj</code>, <code>cprojf</code>&mdash; Riemann sphere projection</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3348</div> 3291</div>
3349<a name="creal_002c-crealf_002d_002d_002dreal-part"></a> 3292<span id="creal_002c-crealf_002c-creall_002d_002d_002dreal-part"></span><h3 class="section">2.18 <code>creal</code>, <code>crealf</code>, <code>creall</code>&mdash;real part</h3>
3350<h3 class="section">2.17 <code>creal</code>, <code>crealf</code>&mdash;real part</h3> 3293<span id="index-creal"></span>
3351<a name="index-creal"></a> 3294<span id="index-crealf"></span>
3352<a name="index-crealf"></a> 3295<span id="index-creall"></span>
3353<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 3296<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3354</p><div class="example"> 3297</p><div class="example">
3355<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt; 3298<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt;
3356double creal(double complex <var>z</var>); 3299double creal(double complex <var>z</var>);
3357float crealf(float complex <var>z</var>); 3300float crealf(float complex <var>z</var>);
3301double long creall(long double complex <var>z</var>);
3358 3302
3359</pre></div> 3303</pre></div>
3360<p><strong>Description</strong><br> 3304<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
3361These functions compute the real part of <var>z</var>. 3305These functions compute the real part of <var>z</var>.
3362</p> 3306</p>
3363<p><code>crealf</code> is identical to <code>creal</code>, except that it performs 3307<p><code>crealf</code> is identical to <code>creal</code>, except that it performs
3364its calculations on <code>floats complex</code>. 3308its calculations on <code>float complex</code>.
3309</p>
3310<p><code>creall</code> is identical to <code>creal</code>, except that it performs
3311its calculations on <code>long double complex</code>.
3365</p> 3312</p>
3366<br> 3313<br>
3367<p><strong>Returns</strong><br> 3314<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
3368The creal functions return the real part value. 3315The creal* functions return the real part value.
3369</p> 3316</p>
3370<br> 3317<br>
3371<p><strong>Portability</strong><br> 3318<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
3372<code>creal</code> and <code>crealf</code> are ISO C99 3319<code>creal</code>, <code>crealf</code> and <code>creall</code> are ISO C99
3373</p> 3320</p>
3374<br> 3321<br>
3375<hr> 3322<hr>
3376<a name="csin"></a> 3323</div>
3324<div class="section" id="csin">
3377<div class="header"> 3325<div class="header">
3378<p> 3326<p>
3379Next: <a href="#csinh" accesskey="n" rel="next">csinh</a>, Previous: <a href="#creal" accesskey="p" rel="previous">creal</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Complex</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 3327Next: <a href="#csinh" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>csinh</code>, <code>csinhf</code>&mdash;complex hyperbolic sine</a>, Previous: <a href="#creal" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>creal</code>, <code>crealf</code>, <code>creall</code>&mdash;real part</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3380</div> 3328</div>
3381<a name="csin_002c-csinf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-sine"></a> 3329<span id="csin_002c-csinf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-sine"></span><h3 class="section">2.19 <code>csin</code>, <code>csinf</code>&mdash;complex sine</h3>
3382<h3 class="section">2.18 <code>csin</code>, <code>csinf</code>&mdash;complex sine</h3> 3330<span id="index-csin"></span>
3383<a name="index-csin"></a> 3331<span id="index-csinf"></span>
3384<a name="index-csinf"></a>
3385<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 3332<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3386</p><div class="example"> 3333</p><div class="example">
3387<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt; 3334<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt;
@@ -3405,15 +3352,15 @@ These functions return the complex sine value.
3405</p> 3352</p>
3406<br> 3353<br>
3407<hr> 3354<hr>
3408<a name="csinh"></a> 3355</div>
3356<div class="section" id="csinh">
3409<div class="header"> 3357<div class="header">
3410<p> 3358<p>
3411Next: <a href="#csqrt" accesskey="n" rel="next">csqrt</a>, Previous: <a href="#csin" accesskey="p" rel="previous">csin</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Complex</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 3359Next: <a href="#csqrt" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>csqrt</code>, <code>csqrtf</code>&mdash;complex square root</a>, Previous: <a href="#csin" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>csin</code>, <code>csinf</code>&mdash;complex sine</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3412</div> 3360</div>
3413<a name="csinh_002c-csinhf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-hyperbolic-sine"></a> 3361<span id="csinh_002c-csinhf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-hyperbolic-sine"></span><h3 class="section">2.20 <code>csinh</code>, <code>csinhf</code>&mdash;complex hyperbolic sine</h3>
3414<h3 class="section">2.19 <code>csinh</code>, <code>csinhf</code>&mdash;complex hyperbolic sine</h3> 3362<span id="index-csinh"></span>
3415<a name="index-csinh"></a> 3363<span id="index-csinhf"></span>
3416<a name="index-csinhf"></a>
3417<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 3364<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3418</p><div class="example"> 3365</p><div class="example">
3419<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt; 3366<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt;
@@ -3437,15 +3384,15 @@ These functions return the complex hyperbolic sine value.
3437</p> 3384</p>
3438<br> 3385<br>
3439<hr> 3386<hr>
3440<a name="csqrt"></a> 3387</div>
3388<div class="section" id="csqrt">
3441<div class="header"> 3389<div class="header">
3442<p> 3390<p>
3443Next: <a href="#ctan" accesskey="n" rel="next">ctan</a>, Previous: <a href="#csinh" accesskey="p" rel="previous">csinh</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Complex</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 3391Next: <a href="#ctan" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>ctan</code>, <code>ctanf</code>&mdash;complex tangent</a>, Previous: <a href="#csinh" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>csinh</code>, <code>csinhf</code>&mdash;complex hyperbolic sine</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3444</div> 3392</div>
3445<a name="csqrt_002c-csqrtf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-square-root"></a> 3393<span id="csqrt_002c-csqrtf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-square-root"></span><h3 class="section">2.21 <code>csqrt</code>, <code>csqrtf</code>&mdash;complex square root</h3>
3446<h3 class="section">2.20 <code>csqrt</code>, <code>csqrtf</code>&mdash;complex square root</h3> 3394<span id="index-csqrt"></span>
3447<a name="index-csqrt"></a> 3395<span id="index-csqrtf"></span>
3448<a name="index-csqrtf"></a>
3449<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 3396<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3450</p><div class="example"> 3397</p><div class="example">
3451<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt; 3398<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt;
@@ -3471,15 +3418,15 @@ the range of the right halfplane (including the imaginary axis).
3471</p> 3418</p>
3472<br> 3419<br>
3473<hr> 3420<hr>
3474<a name="ctan"></a> 3421</div>
3422<div class="section" id="ctan">
3475<div class="header"> 3423<div class="header">
3476<p> 3424<p>
3477Next: <a href="#ctanh" accesskey="n" rel="next">ctanh</a>, Previous: <a href="#csqrt" accesskey="p" rel="previous">csqrt</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Complex</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 3425Next: <a href="#ctanh" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>ctanh</code>, <code>ctanf</code>&mdash;complex hyperbolic tangent</a>, Previous: <a href="#csqrt" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>csqrt</code>, <code>csqrtf</code>&mdash;complex square root</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3478</div> 3426</div>
3479<a name="ctan_002c-ctanf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-tangent"></a> 3427<span id="ctan_002c-ctanf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-tangent"></span><h3 class="section">2.22 <code>ctan</code>, <code>ctanf</code>&mdash;complex tangent</h3>
3480<h3 class="section">2.21 <code>ctan</code>, <code>ctanf</code>&mdash;complex tangent</h3> 3428<span id="index-ctan"></span>
3481<a name="index-ctan"></a> 3429<span id="index-ctanf"></span>
3482<a name="index-ctanf"></a>
3483<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 3430<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3484</p><div class="example"> 3431</p><div class="example">
3485<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt; 3432<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt;
@@ -3503,15 +3450,15 @@ These functions return the complex tangent value.
3503</p> 3450</p>
3504<br> 3451<br>
3505<hr> 3452<hr>
3506<a name="ctanh"></a> 3453</div>
3454<div class="section" id="ctanh">
3507<div class="header"> 3455<div class="header">
3508<p> 3456<p>
3509Previous: <a href="#ctan" accesskey="p" rel="previous">ctan</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Complex</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 3457Previous: <a href="#ctan" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>ctan</code>, <code>ctanf</code>&mdash;complex tangent</a>, Up: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="u" rel="up">Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3510</div> 3458</div>
3511<a name="ctanh_002c-ctanf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-hyperbolic-tangent"></a> 3459<span id="ctanh_002c-ctanf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-hyperbolic-tangent"></span><h3 class="section">2.23 <code>ctanh</code>, <code>ctanf</code>&mdash;complex hyperbolic tangent</h3>
3512<h3 class="section">2.22 <code>ctanh</code>, <code>ctanf</code>&mdash;complex hyperbolic tangent</h3> 3460<span id="index-ctanh"></span>
3513<a name="index-ctanh"></a> 3461<span id="index-ctanhf"></span>
3514<a name="index-ctanhf"></a>
3515<p><strong>Synopsis</strong> 3462<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3516</p><div class="example"> 3463</p><div class="example">
3517<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt; 3464<pre class="example">#include &lt;complex.h&gt;
@@ -3534,461 +3481,496 @@ These functions return the complex hyperbolic tangent value.
3534<code>ctanh</code> and <code>ctanhf</code> are ISO C99 3481<code>ctanh</code> and <code>ctanhf</code> are ISO C99
3535</p> 3482</p>
3536<br> 3483<br>
3484<hr>
3485</div>
3486</div>
3487<div class="chapter" id="Fenv">
3488<div class="header">
3489<p>
3490Next: <a href="#Reentrancy" accesskey="n" rel="next">Reentrancy Properties of <code>libm</code></a>, Previous: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">LIBM</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3491</div>
3492<span id="Floating_002dPoint-Environment-_0028fenv_002eh_0029"></span><h2 class="chapter">3 Floating-Point Environment (<samp>fenv.h</samp>)</h2>
3537 3493
3494<p>This chapter groups the methods used to manipulate the floating-point
3495status flags. Floating-point operations modify the floating-point
3496status flags to indicate abnormal result information.
3497</p>
3498<p>The implementation of these methods is architecture specific.
3499</p>
3500
3501<ul class="section-toc">
3502<li><a href="#feclearexcept" accesskey="1"><code>feclearexcept</code>&mdash;clear floating-point exception</a></li>
3503<li><a href="#fegetenv" accesskey="2"><code>fegetenv</code>&mdash;get current floating-point environment</a></li>
3504<li><a href="#fegetexceptflag" accesskey="3"><code>fegetexceptflag</code>&mdash;get floating-point status flags</a></li>
3505<li><a href="#fegetround" accesskey="4"><code>fegetround</code>&mdash;get current rounding direction</a></li>
3506<li><a href="#feholdexcept" accesskey="5"><code>feholdexcept</code>&mdash;save current floating-point environment</a></li>
3507<li><a href="#feraiseexcept" accesskey="6"><code>feraiseexcept</code>&mdash;raise floating-point exception</a></li>
3508<li><a href="#fesetenv" accesskey="7"><code>fesetenv</code>&mdash;set current floating-point environment</a></li>
3509<li><a href="#fesetexceptflag" accesskey="8"><code>fesetexceptflag</code>&mdash;set floating-point status flags</a></li>
3510<li><a href="#fesetround" accesskey="9"><code>fesetround</code>&mdash;set current rounding direction</a></li>
3511<li><a href="#fetestexcept"><code>fetestexcept</code>&mdash;test floating-point exception flags</a></li>
3512<li><a href="#feupdateenv"><code>feupdateenv</code>&mdash;update current floating-point environment</a></li>
3513</ul>
3538<hr> 3514<hr>
3539<a name="Reentrancy"></a> 3515<div class="section" id="feclearexcept">
3540<div class="header"> 3516<div class="header">
3541<p> 3517<p>
3542Next: <a href="#Long-Double-Functions" accesskey="n" rel="next">Long Double Functions</a>, Previous: <a href="#Complex" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Complex</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 3518Next: <a href="#fegetenv" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>fegetenv</code>&mdash;get current floating-point environment</a>, Up: <a href="#Fenv" accesskey="u" rel="up">Floating-Point Environment (<samp>fenv.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3543</div> 3519</div>
3544<a name="Reentrancy-Properties-of-libm"></a> 3520<span id="feclearexcept_002d_002d_002dclear-floating_002dpoint-exception"></span><h3 class="section">3.1 <code>feclearexcept</code>&mdash;clear floating-point exception</h3>
3545<h2 class="chapter">3 Reentrancy Properties of <code>libm</code></h2> 3521<span id="index-feclearexcept"></span>
3522<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3523</p><div class="example">
3524<pre class="example">#include &lt;fenv.h&gt;
3525int feclearexcept(int <var>except</var>);
3546 3526
3547<a name="index-reentrancy"></a> 3527Link with -lm.
3548<a name="index-matherr-and-reentrancy"></a> 3528
3549<p>When a libm function detects an exceptional case, <code>errno</code> may be 3529</pre></div>
3550set, the <code>matherr</code> function may be called, and a error message 3530<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
3551may be written to the standard error stream. This behavior may not 3531This method attempts to clear the floating-point exceptions specified
3552be reentrant. 3532in <var>except</var>.
3553</p> 3533</p>
3534<br>
3535<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
3536If the <var>except</var> argument is zero or all requested exceptions were
3537successfully cleared, this method returns zero. Otherwise, a non-zero
3538value is returned.
3539</p>
3540<br>
3541<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
3542ANSI C requires <code>feclearexcept</code>.
3543</p>
3544<p>Not all Newlib targets have a working implementation. Refer to
3545the file <code>sys/fenv.h</code> to see the status for your target.
3546</p>
3547<br>
3548<hr>
3549</div>
3550<div class="section" id="fegetenv">
3551<div class="header">
3552<p>
3553Next: <a href="#fegetexceptflag" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>fegetexceptflag</code>&mdash;get floating-point status flags</a>, Previous: <a href="#feclearexcept" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>feclearexcept</code>&mdash;clear floating-point exception</a>, Up: <a href="#Fenv" accesskey="u" rel="up">Floating-Point Environment (<samp>fenv.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3554</div>
3555<span id="fegetenv_002d_002d_002dget-current-floating_002dpoint-environment"></span><h3 class="section">3.2 <code>fegetenv</code>&mdash;get current floating-point environment</h3>
3556<span id="index-fegetenv"></span>
3557<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3558</p><div class="example">
3559<pre class="example">#include &lt;fenv.h&gt;
3560int fegetenv(fenv_t *<var>envp</var>);
3561
3562Link with -lm.
3563
3564</pre></div>
3565<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
3566This method attempts to return the floating-point environment
3567in the area specified by <var>envp</var>.
3568</p>
3569<br>
3570<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
3571If floating-point environment was successfully returned, then
3572this method returns zero. Otherwise, a non-zero value is returned.
3573</p>
3574<br>
3575<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
3576ANSI C requires <code>fegetenv</code>.
3577</p>
3578<p>Not all Newlib targets have a working implementation. Refer to
3579the file <code>sys/fenv.h</code> to see the status for your target.
3580</p>
3581<br>
3582<hr>
3583</div>
3584<div class="section" id="fegetexceptflag">
3585<div class="header">
3586<p>
3587Next: <a href="#fegetround" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>fegetround</code>&mdash;get current rounding direction</a>, Previous: <a href="#fegetenv" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>fegetenv</code>&mdash;get current floating-point environment</a>, Up: <a href="#Fenv" accesskey="u" rel="up">Floating-Point Environment (<samp>fenv.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3588</div>
3589<span id="fegetexceptflag_002d_002d_002dget-floating_002dpoint-status-flags"></span><h3 class="section">3.3 <code>fegetexceptflag</code>&mdash;get floating-point status flags</h3>
3590<span id="index-fegetexceptflag"></span>
3591<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3592</p><div class="example">
3593<pre class="example">#include &lt;fenv.h&gt;
3594int fegetexceptflag(fexcept_t *<var>flagp</var>, int <var>excepts</var>);
3595
3596Link with -lm.
3597
3598</pre></div>
3599<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
3600This method attempts to store an implementation-defined representation
3601of the states of the floating-point status flags specified by <var>excepts</var>
3602in the memory pointed to by <var>flagp</var>.
3603</p>
3604<br>
3605<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
3606If the information was successfully returned, this method returns
3607zero. Otherwise, a non-zero value is returned.
3608</p>
3609<br>
3610<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
3611ANSI C requires <code>fegetexceptflag</code>.
3612</p>
3613<p>Not all Newlib targets have a working implementation. Refer to
3614the file <code>sys/fenv.h</code> to see the status for your target.
3615</p>
3616<br>
3617<hr>
3618</div>
3619<div class="section" id="fegetround">
3620<div class="header">
3621<p>
3622Next: <a href="#feholdexcept" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>feholdexcept</code>&mdash;save current floating-point environment</a>, Previous: <a href="#fegetexceptflag" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>fegetexceptflag</code>&mdash;get floating-point status flags</a>, Up: <a href="#Fenv" accesskey="u" rel="up">Floating-Point Environment (<samp>fenv.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3623</div>
3624<span id="fegetround_002d_002d_002dget-current-rounding-direction"></span><h3 class="section">3.4 <code>fegetround</code>&mdash;get current rounding direction</h3>
3625<span id="index-fegetround"></span>
3626<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3627</p><div class="example">
3628<pre class="example">#include &lt;fenv.h&gt;
3629int fegetround(void);
3630
3631Link with -lm.
3632
3633</pre></div>
3634<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
3635This method returns the current rounding direction.
3636</p>
3637<br>
3638<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
3639This method returns the rounding direction, corresponding to the value
3640of the respective rouding macro. If the current rounding direction cannot
3641be determined, then a negative value is returned.
3642</p>
3643<br>
3644<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
3645ANSI C requires <code>fegetround</code>.
3646</p>
3647<p>Not all Newlib targets have a working implementation. Refer to
3648the file <code>sys/fenv.h</code> to see the status for your target.
3649</p>
3650<br>
3651<hr>
3652</div>
3653<div class="section" id="feholdexcept">
3654<div class="header">
3655<p>
3656Next: <a href="#feraiseexcept" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>feraiseexcept</code>&mdash;raise floating-point exception</a>, Previous: <a href="#fegetround" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>fegetround</code>&mdash;get current rounding direction</a>, Up: <a href="#Fenv" accesskey="u" rel="up">Floating-Point Environment (<samp>fenv.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3657</div>
3658<span id="feholdexcept_002d_002d_002dsave-current-floating_002dpoint-environment"></span><h3 class="section">3.5 <code>feholdexcept</code>&mdash;save current floating-point environment</h3>
3659<span id="index-feholdexcept"></span>
3660<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3661</p><div class="example">
3662<pre class="example">#include &lt;fenv.h&gt;
3663int feholdexcept(fenv_t *<var>envp</var>);
3664
3665Link with -lm.
3666
3667</pre></div>
3668<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
3669This method attempts to save the current floating-point environment
3670in the fenv_t instance pointed to by <var>envp</var>, clear the floating
3671point status flags, and then, if supported by the target architecture,
3672install a &quot;non-stop&quot; (e.g. continue on floating point exceptions) mode
3673for all floating-point exceptions.
3674</p>
3675<br>
3676<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
3677This method will return zero if the non-stop floating-point exception
3678handler was installed. Otherwise, a non-zero value is returned.
3679</p>
3680<br>
3681<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
3682ANSI C requires <code>feholdexcept</code>.
3683</p>
3684<p>Not all Newlib targets have a working implementation. Refer to
3685the file <code>sys/fenv.h</code> to see the status for your target.
3686</p>
3687<br>
3688<hr>
3689</div>
3690<div class="section" id="feraiseexcept">
3691<div class="header">
3692<p>
3693Next: <a href="#fesetenv" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>fesetenv</code>&mdash;set current floating-point environment</a>, Previous: <a href="#feholdexcept" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>feholdexcept</code>&mdash;save current floating-point environment</a>, Up: <a href="#Fenv" accesskey="u" rel="up">Floating-Point Environment (<samp>fenv.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3694</div>
3695<span id="feraiseexcept_002d_002d_002draise-floating_002dpoint-exception"></span><h3 class="section">3.6 <code>feraiseexcept</code>&mdash;raise floating-point exception</h3>
3696<span id="index-feraiseexcept"></span>
3697<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3698</p><div class="example">
3699<pre class="example">#include &lt;fenv.h&gt;
3700int feraiseexcept(int <var>excepts</var>);
3701
3702Link with -lm.
3703
3704</pre></div>
3705<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
3706This method attempts to raise the floating-point exceptions specified
3707in <var>excepts</var>.
3708</p>
3709<br>
3710<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
3711If the <var>excepts</var> argument is zero or all requested exceptions were
3712successfully raised, this method returns zero. Otherwise, a non-zero
3713value is returned.
3714</p>
3715<br>
3716<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
3717ANSI C requires <code>feraiseexcept</code>.
3718</p>
3719<p>Not all Newlib targets have a working implementation. Refer to
3720the file <code>sys/fenv.h</code> to see the status for your target.
3721</p>
3722<br>
3723<hr>
3724</div>
3725<div class="section" id="fesetenv">
3726<div class="header">
3727<p>
3728Next: <a href="#fesetexceptflag" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>fesetexceptflag</code>&mdash;set floating-point status flags</a>, Previous: <a href="#feraiseexcept" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>feraiseexcept</code>&mdash;raise floating-point exception</a>, Up: <a href="#Fenv" accesskey="u" rel="up">Floating-Point Environment (<samp>fenv.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3729</div>
3730<span id="fesetenv_002d_002d_002dset-current-floating_002dpoint-environment"></span><h3 class="section">3.7 <code>fesetenv</code>&mdash;set current floating-point environment</h3>
3731<span id="index-fesetenv"></span>
3732<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3733</p><div class="example">
3734<pre class="example">#include &lt;fenv.h&gt;
3735int fesetenv(const fenv_t *<var>envp</var>);
3736
3737Link with -lm.
3738
3739</pre></div>
3740<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
3741This method attempts to establish the floating-point environment
3742pointed to by <var>envp</var>. The argument <var>envp</var> must point to a
3743floating-point environment obtained via <code>fegetenv</code> or <code>feholdexcept</code>
3744or a floating-point environment macro such as <code>FE_DFL_ENV</code>.
3745</p>
3746<p>It only sets the states of the flags as recorded in its argument, and
3747does not actually raise the associated floating-point exceptions.
3748</p>
3749<br>
3750<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
3751If floating-point environment was successfully established, then
3752this method returns zero. Otherwise, a non-zero value is returned.
3753</p>
3754<br>
3755<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
3756ANSI C requires <code>fesetenv</code>.
3757</p>
3758<p>Not all Newlib targets have a working implementation. Refer to
3759the file <code>sys/fenv.h</code> to see the status for your target.
3760</p>
3761<br>
3762<hr>
3763</div>
3764<div class="section" id="fesetexceptflag">
3765<div class="header">
3766<p>
3767Next: <a href="#fesetround" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>fesetround</code>&mdash;set current rounding direction</a>, Previous: <a href="#fesetenv" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>fesetenv</code>&mdash;set current floating-point environment</a>, Up: <a href="#Fenv" accesskey="u" rel="up">Floating-Point Environment (<samp>fenv.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3768</div>
3769<span id="fesetexceptflag_002d_002d_002dset-floating_002dpoint-status-flags"></span><h3 class="section">3.8 <code>fesetexceptflag</code>&mdash;set floating-point status flags</h3>
3770<span id="index-fesetexceptflag"></span>
3771<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3772</p><div class="example">
3773<pre class="example">#include &lt;fenv.h&gt;
3774int fesetexceptflag(const fexcept_t *<var>flagp</var>, int <var>excepts</var>);
3775
3776Link with -lm.
3777
3778</pre></div>
3779<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
3780This method attempts to set the floating-point status flags specified
3781by <var>excepts</var> to the states indicated by <var>flagp</var>. The argument
3782<var>flagp</var> must point to an fexcept_t instance obtained via calling
3783<code>fegetexceptflag</code> with at least the floating-point exceptions specified
3784by the argument <var>excepts</var>.
3785</p>
3786<p>This method does not raise any floating-point exceptions. It only
3787sets the state of the flags.
3788</p>
3789<br>
3790<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
3791If the information was successfully returned, this method returns
3792zero. Otherwise, a non-zero value is returned.
3793</p>
3794<br>
3795<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
3796ANSI C requires <code>fesetexceptflag</code>.
3797</p>
3798<p>Not all Newlib targets have a working implementation. Refer to
3799the file <code>sys/fenv.h</code> to see the status for your target.
3800</p>
3801<br>
3802<hr>
3803</div>
3804<div class="section" id="fesetround">
3805<div class="header">
3806<p>
3807Next: <a href="#fetestexcept" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>fetestexcept</code>&mdash;test floating-point exception flags</a>, Previous: <a href="#fesetexceptflag" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>fesetexceptflag</code>&mdash;set floating-point status flags</a>, Up: <a href="#Fenv" accesskey="u" rel="up">Floating-Point Environment (<samp>fenv.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3808</div>
3809<span id="fesetround_002d_002d_002dset-current-rounding-direction"></span><h3 class="section">3.9 <code>fesetround</code>&mdash;set current rounding direction</h3>
3810<span id="index-fesetround"></span>
3811<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3812</p><div class="example">
3813<pre class="example">#include &lt;fenv.h&gt;
3814int fesetround(int <var>round</var>);
3815
3816Link with -lm.
3817
3818</pre></div>
3819<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
3820This method attempts to set the current rounding direction represented
3821by <var>round</var>. <var>round</var> must be the value of one of the
3822rounding-direction macros.
3823</p>
3824<br>
3825<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
3826If the rounding mode was successfully established, this method returns
3827zero. Otherwise, a non-zero value is returned.
3828</p>
3829<br>
3830<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
3831ANSI C requires <code>fesetround</code>.
3832</p>
3833<p>Not all Newlib targets have a working implementation. Refer to
3834the file <code>sys/fenv.h</code> to see the status for your target.
3835</p>
3836<br>
3837<hr>
3838</div>
3839<div class="section" id="fetestexcept">
3840<div class="header">
3841<p>
3842Next: <a href="#feupdateenv" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code>feupdateenv</code>&mdash;update current floating-point environment</a>, Previous: <a href="#fesetround" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>fesetround</code>&mdash;set current rounding direction</a>, Up: <a href="#Fenv" accesskey="u" rel="up">Floating-Point Environment (<samp>fenv.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3843</div>
3844<span id="fetestexcept_002d_002d_002dtest-floating_002dpoint-exception-flags"></span><h3 class="section">3.10 <code>fetestexcept</code>&mdash;test floating-point exception flags</h3>
3845<span id="index-fetestexcept"></span>
3846<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3847</p><div class="example">
3848<pre class="example">#include &lt;fenv.h&gt;
3849int fetestexcept(int <var>except</var>);
3850
3851Link with -lm.
3554 3852
3555<p>With reentrant C libraries like the Red Hat newlib C library, <code>errno</code> is 3853</pre></div>
3556a macro which expands to the per-thread error value. This makes it thread 3854<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
3557safe. 3855This method test the current floating-point exceptions to determine
3856which of those specified in <var>except</var> are currently set.
3857</p>
3858<br>
3859<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
3860This method returns the bitwise-inclusive OR of the floating point
3861exception macros which correspond to the currently set floating point
3862exceptions.
3558</p> 3863</p>
3559<p>When the user provides his own <code>matherr</code> function it must be 3864<br>
3560reentrant for the math library as a whole to be reentrant. 3865<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
3866ANSI C requires <code>fetestexcept</code>.
3867</p>
3868<p>Not all Newlib targets have a working implementation. Refer to
3869the file <code>sys/fenv.h</code> to see the status for your target.
3870</p>
3871<br>
3872<hr>
3873</div>
3874<div class="section" id="feupdateenv">
3875<div class="header">
3876<p>
3877Previous: <a href="#fetestexcept" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><code>fetestexcept</code>&mdash;test floating-point exception flags</a>, Up: <a href="#Fenv" accesskey="u" rel="up">Floating-Point Environment (<samp>fenv.h</samp>)</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3878</div>
3879<span id="feupdateenv_002d_002d_002dupdate-current-floating_002dpoint-environment"></span><h3 class="section">3.11 <code>feupdateenv</code>&mdash;update current floating-point environment</h3>
3880<span id="index-feupdateenv"></span>
3881<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
3882</p><div class="example">
3883<pre class="example">#include &lt;fenv.h&gt;
3884int feupdateenv(const fenv_t *<var>envp</var>);
3885
3886Link with -lm.
3887
3888</pre></div>
3889<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
3890This method attempts to save the currently raised floating point
3891exceptions in its automatic storage, install the floating point
3892environment specified by <var>envp</var>, and raise the saved floating
3893point exceptions.
3894</p>
3895<p>The argument <var>envp</var> must point to a floating-point environment
3896obtained via <code>fegetenv</code> or <code>feholdexcept</code>.
3897</p>
3898<br>
3899<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
3900If all actions are completed successfully, then this method returns zero.
3901Otherwise, a non-zero value is returned.
3902</p>
3903<br>
3904<p><strong>Portability</strong><br>
3905ANSI C requires <code>feupdateenv</code>.
3906</p>
3907<p>Not all Newlib targets have a working implementation. Refer to
3908the file <code>sys/fenv.h</code> to see the status for your target.
3909</p>
3910<br>
3911
3912<hr>
3913</div>
3914</div>
3915<div class="chapter" id="Reentrancy">
3916<div class="header">
3917<p>
3918Next: <a href="#Long-Double-Functions" accesskey="n" rel="next">The long double function support of <code>libm</code></a>, Previous: <a href="#Fenv" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Floating-Point Environment (<samp>fenv.h</samp>)</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">LIBM</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3919</div>
3920<span id="Reentrancy-Properties-of-libm"></span><h2 class="chapter">4 Reentrancy Properties of <code>libm</code></h2>
3921
3922<span id="index-reentrancy"></span>
3923<span id="index-matherr-and-reentrancy"></span>
3924<p>When a libm function detects an exceptional case, <code>errno</code> may be
3925set.
3561</p> 3926</p>
3562<p>In normal debugged programs, there are usually no math subroutine 3927
3563errors&mdash;and therefore no assignments to <code>errno</code> and no <code>matherr</code> 3928<p><code>errno</code> is a macro which expands to the per-thread error value.
3564calls; in that situation, the math functions behave reentrantly. 3929This makes it thread safe, and therefore reentrant.
3565</p> 3930</p>
3566<hr> 3931<hr>
3567<a name="Long-Double-Functions"></a> 3932</div>
3933<div class="chapter" id="Long-Double-Functions">
3568<div class="header"> 3934<div class="header">
3569<p> 3935<p>
3570Next: <a href="#Document-Index" accesskey="n" rel="next">Document Index</a>, Previous: <a href="#Reentrancy" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Reentrancy</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 3936Next: <a href="#Document-Index" accesskey="n" rel="next">Document Index</a>, Previous: <a href="#Reentrancy" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Reentrancy Properties of <code>libm</code></a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">LIBM</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3571</div> 3937</div>
3572<a name="The-long-double-function-support-of-libm"></a> 3938<span id="The-long-double-function-support-of-libm"></span><h2 class="chapter">5 The long double function support of <code>libm</code></h2>
3573<h2 class="chapter">4 The long double function support of <code>libm</code></h2>
3574<p>Currently, the full set of long double math functions is only provided 3939<p>Currently, the full set of long double math functions is only provided
3575on platforms where long double equals double. 3940on platforms where long double equals double.
3576For such platforms, the long double math functions are implemented as calls to the double versions. 3941For such platforms, the long double math functions are implemented as calls to the double versions.
3577</p><hr> 3942</p><hr>
3578<a name="Document-Index"></a> 3943</div>
3944<div class="unnumbered" id="Document-Index">
3579<div class="header"> 3945<div class="header">
3580<p> 3946<p>
3581Previous: <a href="#Long-Double-Functions" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Long Double Functions</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 3947Previous: <a href="#Long-Double-Functions" accesskey="p" rel="prev">The long double function support of <code>libm</code></a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">LIBM</a> &nbsp; [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Document-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
3582</div> 3948</div>
3583<a name="Document-Index-1"></a> 3949<span id="Document-Index-1"></span><h2 class="unnumbered">Document Index</h2>
3584<h2 class="unnumbered">Document Index</h2> 3950<table><tr><th valign="top">Jump to: &nbsp; </th><td><a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-M"><b>M</b></a>
3585<table><tr><th valign="top">Jump to: &nbsp; </th><td><a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-A"><b>A</b></a>
3586 &nbsp;
3587<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-C"><b>C</b></a>
3588 &nbsp;
3589<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-E"><b>E</b></a>
3590 &nbsp;
3591<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-F"><b>F</b></a>
3592 &nbsp;
3593<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-G"><b>G</b></a>
3594 &nbsp;
3595<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-H"><b>H</b></a>
3596 &nbsp;
3597<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-I"><b>I</b></a>
3598 &nbsp;
3599<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-J"><b>J</b></a>
3600 &nbsp;
3601<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-L"><b>L</b></a>
3602 &nbsp;
3603<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-M"><b>M</b></a>
3604 &nbsp;
3605<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-N"><b>N</b></a>
3606 &nbsp;
3607<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-O"><b>O</b></a>
3608 &nbsp;
3609<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-P"><b>P</b></a>
3610 &nbsp; 3951 &nbsp;
3611<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-R"><b>R</b></a> 3952<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-R"><b>R</b></a>
3612 &nbsp; 3953 &nbsp;
3613<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-S"><b>S</b></a>
3614 &nbsp;
3615<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-T"><b>T</b></a>
3616 &nbsp;
3617<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-Y"><b>Y</b></a>
3618 &nbsp;
3619</td></tr></table> 3954</td></tr></table>
3620<table class="index-cp" border="0"> 3955<table class="index-cp" border="0">
3621<tr><td></td><th align="left">Index Entry</th><td>&nbsp;</td><th align="left"> Section</th></tr> 3956<tr><td></td><th align="left">Index Entry</th><td>&nbsp;</td><th align="left"> Section</th></tr>
3622<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr> 3957<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
3623<tr><th><a name="Document-Index_cp_letter-A">A</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr> 3958<tr><th id="Document-Index_cp_letter-M">M</th><td></td><td></td></tr>
3624<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-acos"><code>acos</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#acos">acos</a></td></tr>
3625<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-acosf"><code>acosf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#acos">acos</a></td></tr>
3626<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-acosh"><code>acosh</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#acosh">acosh</a></td></tr>
3627<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-acoshf"><code>acoshf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#acosh">acosh</a></td></tr>
3628<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-asin"><code>asin</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#asin">asin</a></td></tr>
3629<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-asinf"><code>asinf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#asin">asin</a></td></tr>
3630<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-asinh"><code>asinh</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#asinh">asinh</a></td></tr>
3631<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-asinhf"><code>asinhf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#asinh">asinh</a></td></tr>
3632<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-atan"><code>atan</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#atan">atan</a></td></tr>
3633<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-atan2"><code>atan2</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#atan2">atan2</a></td></tr>
3634<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-atan2f"><code>atan2f</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#atan2">atan2</a></td></tr>
3635<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-atanf"><code>atanf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#atan">atan</a></td></tr>
3636<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-atanh"><code>atanh</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#atanh">atanh</a></td></tr>
3637<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-atanhf"><code>atanhf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#atanh">atanh</a></td></tr>
3638<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
3639<tr><th><a name="Document-Index_cp_letter-C">C</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr>
3640<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-cabs"><code>cabs</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#cabs">cabs</a></td></tr>
3641<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-cabsf"><code>cabsf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#cabs">cabs</a></td></tr>
3642<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-cacos"><code>cacos</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#cacos">cacos</a></td></tr>
3643<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-cacosf"><code>cacosf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#cacos">cacos</a></td></tr>
3644<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-cacosh"><code>cacosh</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#cacosh">cacosh</a></td></tr>
3645<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-cacoshf"><code>cacoshf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#cacosh">cacosh</a></td></tr>
3646<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-carg"><code>carg</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#carg">carg</a></td></tr>
3647<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-cargf"><code>cargf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#carg">carg</a></td></tr>
3648<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-casin"><code>casin</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#casin">casin</a></td></tr>
3649<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-casinf"><code>casinf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#casin">casin</a></td></tr>
3650<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-casinh"><code>casinh</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#casinh">casinh</a></td></tr>
3651<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-casinhf"><code>casinhf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#casinh">casinh</a></td></tr>
3652<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-catan"><code>catan</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#catan">catan</a></td></tr>
3653<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-catanf"><code>catanf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#catan">catan</a></td></tr>
3654<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-catanh"><code>catanh</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#catanh">catanh</a></td></tr>
3655<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-catanhf"><code>catanhf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#catanh">catanh</a></td></tr>
3656<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-cbrt"><code>cbrt</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#cbrt">cbrt</a></td></tr>
3657<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-cbrtf"><code>cbrtf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#cbrt">cbrt</a></td></tr>
3658<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-ccos"><code>ccos</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#ccos">ccos</a></td></tr>
3659<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-ccosf"><code>ccosf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#ccos">ccos</a></td></tr>
3660<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-ccosh"><code>ccosh</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#ccosh">ccosh</a></td></tr>
3661<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-ccoshf"><code>ccoshf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#ccosh">ccosh</a></td></tr>
3662<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-ceil"><code>ceil</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#floor">floor</a></td></tr>
3663<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-ceilf"><code>ceilf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#floor">floor</a></td></tr>
3664<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-cexp"><code>cexp</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#cexp">cexp</a></td></tr>
3665<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-cexpf"><code>cexpf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#cexp">cexp</a></td></tr>
3666<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-cimag"><code>cimag</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#cimag">cimag</a></td></tr>
3667<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-cimagf"><code>cimagf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#cimag">cimag</a></td></tr>
3668<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-clog"><code>clog</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#clog">clog</a></td></tr>
3669<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-clogf"><code>clogf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#clog">clog</a></td></tr>
3670<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-conj"><code>conj</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#conj">conj</a></td></tr>
3671<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-conjf"><code>conjf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#conj">conj</a></td></tr>
3672<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-copysign"><code>copysign</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#copysign">copysign</a></td></tr>
3673<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-copysignf"><code>copysignf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#copysign">copysign</a></td></tr>
3674<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-cos"><code>cos</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#sin">sin</a></td></tr>
3675<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-cosf"><code>cosf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#sin">sin</a></td></tr>
3676<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-cpow"><code>cpow</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#cpow">cpow</a></td></tr>
3677<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-cpowf"><code>cpowf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#cpow">cpow</a></td></tr>
3678<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-cproj"><code>cproj</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#cproj">cproj</a></td></tr>
3679<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-cprojf"><code>cprojf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#cproj">cproj</a></td></tr>
3680<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-creal"><code>creal</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#creal">creal</a></td></tr>
3681<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-crealf"><code>crealf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#creal">creal</a></td></tr>
3682<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-csin"><code>csin</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#csin">csin</a></td></tr>
3683<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-csinf"><code>csinf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#csin">csin</a></td></tr>
3684<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-csinh"><code>csinh</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#csinh">csinh</a></td></tr>
3685<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-csinhf"><code>csinhf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#csinh">csinh</a></td></tr>
3686<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-csqrt"><code>csqrt</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#csqrt">csqrt</a></td></tr>
3687<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-csqrtf"><code>csqrtf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#csqrt">csqrt</a></td></tr>
3688<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-ctan"><code>ctan</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#ctan">ctan</a></td></tr>
3689<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-ctanf"><code>ctanf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#ctan">ctan</a></td></tr>
3690<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-ctanh"><code>ctanh</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#ctanh">ctanh</a></td></tr>
3691<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-ctanhf"><code>ctanhf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#ctanh">ctanh</a></td></tr>
3692<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
3693<tr><th><a name="Document-Index_cp_letter-E">E</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr>
3694<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-erf"><code>erf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#erf">erf</a></td></tr>
3695<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-erfc"><code>erfc</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#erf">erf</a></td></tr>
3696<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-erfcf"><code>erfcf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#erf">erf</a></td></tr>
3697<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-erff"><code>erff</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#erf">erf</a></td></tr>
3698<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-exp"><code>exp</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#exp">exp</a></td></tr>
3699<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-exp2"><code>exp2</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#exp2">exp2</a></td></tr>
3700<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-exp2f"><code>exp2f</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#exp2">exp2</a></td></tr>
3701<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-expf"><code>expf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#exp">exp</a></td></tr>
3702<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-expm1"><code>expm1</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#expm1">expm1</a></td></tr>
3703<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-expm1f"><code>expm1f</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#expm1">expm1</a></td></tr>
3704<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
3705<tr><th><a name="Document-Index_cp_letter-F">F</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr>
3706<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-fabs"><code>fabs</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#fabs">fabs</a></td></tr>
3707<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-fabsf"><code>fabsf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#fabs">fabs</a></td></tr>
3708<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-fdim"><code>fdim</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#fdim">fdim</a></td></tr>
3709<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-fdimf"><code>fdimf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#fdim">fdim</a></td></tr>
3710<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-finite"><code>finite</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#fpclassify">fpclassify</a></td></tr>
3711<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-finitef"><code>finitef</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#fpclassify">fpclassify</a></td></tr>
3712<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-floor"><code>floor</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#floor">floor</a></td></tr>
3713<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-floorf"><code>floorf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#floor">floor</a></td></tr>
3714<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-fma"><code>fma</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#fma">fma</a></td></tr>
3715<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-fmaf"><code>fmaf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#fma">fma</a></td></tr>
3716<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-fmax"><code>fmax</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#fmax">fmax</a></td></tr>
3717<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-fmaxf"><code>fmaxf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#fmax">fmax</a></td></tr>
3718<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-fmin"><code>fmin</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#fmin">fmin</a></td></tr>
3719<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-fminf"><code>fminf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#fmin">fmin</a></td></tr>
3720<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-fmod"><code>fmod</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#fmod">fmod</a></td></tr>
3721<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-fmodf"><code>fmodf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#fmod">fmod</a></td></tr>
3722<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-fpclassify"><code>fpclassify</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#fpclassify">fpclassify</a></td></tr>
3723<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-frexp"><code>frexp</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#frexp">frexp</a></td></tr>
3724<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-frexpf"><code>frexpf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#frexp">frexp</a></td></tr>
3725<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
3726<tr><th><a name="Document-Index_cp_letter-G">G</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr>
3727<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-gamma"><code>gamma</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#gamma">gamma</a></td></tr>
3728<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-gammaf"><code>gammaf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#gamma">gamma</a></td></tr>
3729<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-gammaf_005fr"><code>gammaf_r</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#gamma">gamma</a></td></tr>
3730<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-gamma_005fr"><code>gamma_r</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#gamma">gamma</a></td></tr>
3731<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
3732<tr><th><a name="Document-Index_cp_letter-H">H</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr>
3733<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-hypot"><code>hypot</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#hypot">hypot</a></td></tr>
3734<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-hypotf"><code>hypotf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#hypot">hypot</a></td></tr>
3735<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
3736<tr><th><a name="Document-Index_cp_letter-I">I</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr>
3737<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-ilogb"><code>ilogb</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#ilogb">ilogb</a></td></tr>
3738<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-ilogbf"><code>ilogbf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#ilogb">ilogb</a></td></tr>
3739<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-infinity"><code>infinity</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#infinity">infinity</a></td></tr>
3740<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-infinityf"><code>infinityf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#infinity">infinity</a></td></tr>
3741<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-isfinite"><code>isfinite</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#fpclassify">fpclassify</a></td></tr>
3742<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-isgreater"><code>isgreater</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#isgreater">isgreater</a></td></tr>
3743<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-isgreaterequal"><code>isgreaterequal</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#isgreater">isgreater</a></td></tr>
3744<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-isinf"><code>isinf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#fpclassify">fpclassify</a></td></tr>
3745<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-isinf-1"><code>isinf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#fpclassify">fpclassify</a></td></tr>
3746<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-isinff"><code>isinff</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#fpclassify">fpclassify</a></td></tr>
3747<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-isless"><code>isless</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#isgreater">isgreater</a></td></tr>
3748<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-islessequal"><code>islessequal</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#isgreater">isgreater</a></td></tr>
3749<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-islessgreater"><code>islessgreater</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#isgreater">isgreater</a></td></tr>
3750<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-isnan"><code>isnan</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#fpclassify">fpclassify</a></td></tr>
3751<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-isnan-1"><code>isnan</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#fpclassify">fpclassify</a></td></tr>
3752<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-isnanf"><code>isnanf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#fpclassify">fpclassify</a></td></tr>
3753<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-isnormal"><code>isnormal</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#fpclassify">fpclassify</a></td></tr>
3754<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-isunordered"><code>isunordered</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#isgreater">isgreater</a></td></tr>
3755<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
3756<tr><th><a name="Document-Index_cp_letter-J">J</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr>
3757<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-j0"><code>j0</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#jN">jN</a></td></tr>
3758<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-j0f"><code>j0f</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#jN">jN</a></td></tr>
3759<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-j1"><code>j1</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#jN">jN</a></td></tr>
3760<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-j1f"><code>j1f</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#jN">jN</a></td></tr>
3761<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-jn"><code>jn</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#jN">jN</a></td></tr>
3762<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-jnf"><code>jnf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#jN">jN</a></td></tr>
3763<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
3764<tr><th><a name="Document-Index_cp_letter-L">L</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr>
3765<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-ldexp"><code>ldexp</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#ldexp">ldexp</a></td></tr>
3766<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-ldexpf"><code>ldexpf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#ldexp">ldexp</a></td></tr>
3767<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-lgamma"><code>lgamma</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#gamma">gamma</a></td></tr>
3768<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-lgammaf"><code>lgammaf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#gamma">gamma</a></td></tr>
3769<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-lgammaf_005fr"><code>lgammaf_r</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#gamma">gamma</a></td></tr>
3770<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-lgamma_005fr"><code>lgamma_r</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#gamma">gamma</a></td></tr>
3771<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-llrint"><code>llrint</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#lrint">lrint</a></td></tr>
3772<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-llrintf"><code>llrintf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#lrint">lrint</a></td></tr>
3773<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-llround"><code>llround</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#lround">lround</a></td></tr>
3774<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-llroundf"><code>llroundf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#lround">lround</a></td></tr>
3775<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-log"><code>log</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#log">log</a></td></tr>
3776<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-log10"><code>log10</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#log10">log10</a></td></tr>
3777<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-log10f"><code>log10f</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#log10">log10</a></td></tr>
3778<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-log1p"><code>log1p</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#log1p">log1p</a></td></tr>
3779<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-log1pf"><code>log1pf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#log1p">log1p</a></td></tr>
3780<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-log2"><code>log2</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#log2">log2</a></td></tr>
3781<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-log2f"><code>log2f</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#log2">log2</a></td></tr>
3782<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-logb"><code>logb</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#logb">logb</a></td></tr>
3783<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-logbf"><code>logbf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#logb">logb</a></td></tr>
3784<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-logf"><code>logf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#log">log</a></td></tr>
3785<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-lrint"><code>lrint</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#lrint">lrint</a></td></tr>
3786<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-lrintf"><code>lrintf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#lrint">lrint</a></td></tr>
3787<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-lround"><code>lround</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#lround">lround</a></td></tr>
3788<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-lroundf"><code>lroundf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#lround">lround</a></td></tr>
3789<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
3790<tr><th><a name="Document-Index_cp_letter-M">M</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr>
3791<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-matherr"><code>matherr</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#matherr">matherr</a></td></tr>
3792<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-matherr-and-reentrancy"><code>matherr</code> and reentrancy</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#Reentrancy">Reentrancy</a></td></tr> 3959<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-matherr-and-reentrancy"><code>matherr</code> and reentrancy</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#Reentrancy">Reentrancy</a></td></tr>
3793<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-modf"><code>modf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#modf">modf</a></td></tr>
3794<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-modff"><code>modff</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#modf">modf</a></td></tr>
3795<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
3796<tr><th><a name="Document-Index_cp_letter-N">N</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr>
3797<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-nan"><code>nan</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#nan">nan</a></td></tr>
3798<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-nanf"><code>nanf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#nan">nan</a></td></tr>
3799<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-nearbyint"><code>nearbyint</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#nearbyint">nearbyint</a></td></tr>
3800<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-nearbyintf"><code>nearbyintf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#nearbyint">nearbyint</a></td></tr>
3801<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-nextafter"><code>nextafter</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#nextafter">nextafter</a></td></tr>
3802<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-nextafterf"><code>nextafterf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#nextafter">nextafter</a></td></tr>
3803<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
3804<tr><th><a name="Document-Index_cp_letter-O">O</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr>
3805<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-OS-stubs">OS stubs</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math">Math</a></td></tr>
3806<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr> 3960<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
3807<tr><th><a name="Document-Index_cp_letter-P">P</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr> 3961<tr><th id="Document-Index_cp_letter-R">R</th><td></td><td></td></tr>
3808<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-pow"><code>pow</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#pow">pow</a></td></tr>
3809<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-powf"><code>powf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#pow">pow</a></td></tr>
3810<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
3811<tr><th><a name="Document-Index_cp_letter-R">R</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr>
3812<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-reentrancy">reentrancy</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#Reentrancy">Reentrancy</a></td></tr> 3962<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-reentrancy">reentrancy</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#Reentrancy">Reentrancy</a></td></tr>
3813<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-remainder"><code>remainder</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#remainder">remainder</a></td></tr>
3814<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-remainderf"><code>remainderf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#remainder">remainder</a></td></tr>
3815<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-remquo"><code>remquo</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#remquo">remquo</a></td></tr>
3816<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-remquof"><code>remquof</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#remquo">remquo</a></td></tr>
3817<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-rint"><code>rint</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#rint">rint</a></td></tr>
3818<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-rintf"><code>rintf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#rint">rint</a></td></tr>
3819<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-round"><code>round</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#round">round</a></td></tr>
3820<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-roundf"><code>roundf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#round">round</a></td></tr>
3821<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
3822<tr><th><a name="Document-Index_cp_letter-S">S</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr>
3823<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-scalbln"><code>scalbln</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#scalbn">scalbn</a></td></tr>
3824<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-scalblnf"><code>scalblnf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#scalbn">scalbn</a></td></tr>
3825<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-scalbn"><code>scalbn</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#scalbn">scalbn</a></td></tr>
3826<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-scalbnf"><code>scalbnf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#scalbn">scalbn</a></td></tr>
3827<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-signbit"><code>signbit</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#signbit">signbit</a></td></tr>
3828<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-sin"><code>sin</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#sin">sin</a></td></tr>
3829<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-sinf"><code>sinf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#sin">sin</a></td></tr>
3830<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-sinh"><code>sinh</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#sinh">sinh</a></td></tr>
3831<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-sinhf"><code>sinhf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#sinh">sinh</a></td></tr>
3832<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-sqrt"><code>sqrt</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#sqrt">sqrt</a></td></tr>
3833<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-sqrtf"><code>sqrtf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#sqrt">sqrt</a></td></tr>
3834<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-stubs">stubs</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math">Math</a></td></tr>
3835<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-support-subroutines">support subroutines</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math">Math</a></td></tr>
3836<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-system-calls">system calls</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math">Math</a></td></tr>
3837<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
3838<tr><th><a name="Document-Index_cp_letter-T">T</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr>
3839<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-tan"><code>tan</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#tan">tan</a></td></tr>
3840<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-tanf"><code>tanf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#tan">tan</a></td></tr>
3841<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-tanh"><code>tanh</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#tanh">tanh</a></td></tr>
3842<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-tanhf"><code>tanhf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#tanh">tanh</a></td></tr>
3843<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-tgamma"><code>tgamma</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#gamma">gamma</a></td></tr>
3844<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-tgammaf"><code>tgammaf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#gamma">gamma</a></td></tr>
3845<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-trunc"><code>trunc</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#trunc">trunc</a></td></tr>
3846<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-truncf"><code>truncf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#trunc">trunc</a></td></tr>
3847<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
3848<tr><th><a name="Document-Index_cp_letter-Y">Y</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr>
3849<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-y0"><code>y0</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#jN">jN</a></td></tr>
3850<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-y0f"><code>y0f</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#jN">jN</a></td></tr>
3851<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-y1"><code>y1</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#jN">jN</a></td></tr>
3852<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-y1f"><code>y1f</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#jN">jN</a></td></tr>
3853<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-yn"><code>yn</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#jN">jN</a></td></tr>
3854<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-ynf"><code>ynf</code></a>:</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><a href="#jN">jN</a></td></tr>
3855<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr> 3963<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
3856</table> 3964</table>
3857<table><tr><th valign="top">Jump to: &nbsp; </th><td><a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-A"><b>A</b></a> 3965<table><tr><th valign="top">Jump to: &nbsp; </th><td><a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-M"><b>M</b></a>
3858 &nbsp;
3859<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-C"><b>C</b></a>
3860 &nbsp;
3861<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-E"><b>E</b></a>
3862 &nbsp;
3863<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-F"><b>F</b></a>
3864 &nbsp;
3865<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-G"><b>G</b></a>
3866 &nbsp;
3867<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-H"><b>H</b></a>
3868 &nbsp;
3869<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-I"><b>I</b></a>
3870 &nbsp;
3871<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-J"><b>J</b></a>
3872 &nbsp;
3873<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-L"><b>L</b></a>
3874 &nbsp;
3875<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-M"><b>M</b></a>
3876 &nbsp;
3877<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-N"><b>N</b></a>
3878 &nbsp;
3879<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-O"><b>O</b></a>
3880 &nbsp;
3881<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-P"><b>P</b></a>
3882 &nbsp; 3966 &nbsp;
3883<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-R"><b>R</b></a> 3967<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-R"><b>R</b></a>
3884 &nbsp; 3968 &nbsp;
3885<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-S"><b>S</b></a>
3886 &nbsp;
3887<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-T"><b>T</b></a>
3888 &nbsp;
3889<a class="summary-letter" href="#Document-Index_cp_letter-Y"><b>Y</b></a>
3890 &nbsp;
3891</td></tr></table> 3969</td></tr></table>
3892 3970
3893 3971
3894<a name="SEC_Contents"></a>
3895<h2 class="contents-heading">Table of Contents</h2>
3896
3897<div class="contents">
3898
3899<ul class="no-bullet">
3900 <li><a name="toc-Mathematical-Functions-_0028math_002eh_0029" href="#Math">1 Mathematical Functions (<samp>math.h</samp>)</a>
3901 <ul class="no-bullet">
3902 <li><a name="toc-Error-Handling" href="#version">1.1 Error Handling</a></li>
3903 <li><a name="toc-Standards-Compliance-And-Portability" href="#Standards-Compliance-And-Portability">1.2 Standards Compliance And Portability</a></li>
3904 <li><a name="toc-acos_002c-acosf_002d_002d_002darc-cosine" href="#acos">1.3 <code>acos</code>, <code>acosf</code>&mdash;arc cosine</a></li>
3905 <li><a name="toc-acosh_002c-acoshf_002d_002d_002dinverse-hyperbolic-cosine" href="#acosh">1.4 <code>acosh</code>, <code>acoshf</code>&mdash;inverse hyperbolic cosine</a></li>
3906 <li><a name="toc-asin_002c-asinf_002d_002d_002darc-sine" href="#asin">1.5 <code>asin</code>, <code>asinf</code>&mdash;arc sine</a></li>
3907 <li><a name="toc-asinh_002c-asinhf_002d_002d_002dinverse-hyperbolic-sine" href="#asinh">1.6 <code>asinh</code>, <code>asinhf</code>&mdash;inverse hyperbolic sine</a></li>
3908 <li><a name="toc-atan_002c-atanf_002d_002d_002darc-tangent" href="#atan">1.7 <code>atan</code>, <code>atanf</code>&mdash;arc tangent</a></li>
3909 <li><a name="toc-atan2_002c-atan2f_002d_002d_002darc-tangent-of-y_002fx" href="#atan2">1.8 <code>atan2</code>, <code>atan2f</code>&mdash;arc tangent of y/x</a></li>
3910 <li><a name="toc-atanh_002c-atanhf_002d_002d_002dinverse-hyperbolic-tangent" href="#atanh">1.9 <code>atanh</code>, <code>atanhf</code>&mdash;inverse hyperbolic tangent</a></li>
3911 <li><a name="toc-jN_002c-jNf_002c-yN_002c-yNf_002d_002d_002dBessel-functions" href="#jN">1.10 <code>jN</code>, <code>jNf</code>, <code>yN</code>, <code>yNf</code>&mdash;Bessel functions</a></li>
3912 <li><a name="toc-cbrt_002c-cbrtf_002d_002d_002dcube-root" href="#cbrt">1.11 <code>cbrt</code>, <code>cbrtf</code>&mdash;cube root</a></li>
3913 <li><a name="toc-copysign_002c-copysignf_002d_002d_002dsign-of-y_002c-magnitude-of-x" href="#copysign">1.12 <code>copysign</code>, <code>copysignf</code>&mdash;sign of <var>y</var>, magnitude of <var>x</var></a></li>
3914 <li><a name="toc-cosh_002c-coshf_002d_002d_002dhyperbolic-cosine" href="#cosh">1.13 <code>cosh</code>, <code>coshf</code>&mdash;hyperbolic cosine</a></li>
3915 <li><a name="toc-erf_002c-erff_002c-erfc_002c-erfcf_002d_002d_002derror-function" href="#erf">1.14 <code>erf</code>, <code>erff</code>, <code>erfc</code>, <code>erfcf</code>&mdash;error function</a></li>
3916 <li><a name="toc-exp_002c-expf_002d_002d_002dexponential" href="#exp">1.15 <code>exp</code>, <code>expf</code>&mdash;exponential</a></li>
3917 <li><a name="toc-exp2_002c-exp2f_002d_002dexponential_002c-base-2" href="#exp2">1.16 <code>exp2</code>, <code>exp2f</code>&ndash;exponential, base 2</a></li>
3918 <li><a name="toc-expm1_002c-expm1f_002d_002d_002dexponential-minus-1" href="#expm1">1.17 <code>expm1</code>, <code>expm1f</code>&mdash;exponential minus 1</a></li>
3919 <li><a name="toc-fabs_002c-fabsf_002d_002d_002dabsolute-value-_0028magnitude_0029" href="#fabs">1.18 <code>fabs</code>, <code>fabsf</code>&mdash;absolute value (magnitude)</a></li>
3920 <li><a name="toc-fdim_002c-fdimf_002d_002dpositive-difference" href="#fdim">1.19 <code>fdim</code>, <code>fdimf</code>&ndash;positive difference</a></li>
3921 <li><a name="toc-floor_002c-floorf_002c-ceil_002c-ceilf_002d_002d_002dfloor-and-ceiling" href="#floor">1.20 <code>floor</code>, <code>floorf</code>, <code>ceil</code>, <code>ceilf</code>&mdash;floor and ceiling</a></li>
3922 <li><a name="toc-fma_002c-fmaf_002d_002dfloating-multiply-add" href="#fma">1.21 <code>fma</code>, <code>fmaf</code>&ndash;floating multiply add</a></li>
3923 <li><a name="toc-fmax_002c-fmaxf_002d_002dmaximum" href="#fmax">1.22 <code>fmax</code>, <code>fmaxf</code>&ndash;maximum</a></li>
3924 <li><a name="toc-fmin_002c-fminf_002d_002dminimum" href="#fmin">1.23 <code>fmin</code>, <code>fminf</code>&ndash;minimum</a></li>
3925 <li><a name="toc-fmod_002c-fmodf_002d_002d_002dfloating_002dpoint-remainder-_0028modulo_0029" href="#fmod">1.24 <code>fmod</code>, <code>fmodf</code>&mdash;floating-point remainder (modulo)</a></li>
3926 <li><a name="toc-frexp_002c-frexpf_002d_002d_002dsplit-floating_002dpoint-number" href="#frexp">1.25 <code>frexp</code>, <code>frexpf</code>&mdash;split floating-point number</a></li>
3927 <li><a name="toc-gamma_002c-gammaf_002c-lgamma_002c-lgammaf_002c-gamma_005fr_002c-gammaf_005fr_002c-lgamma_005fr_002c-lgammaf_005fr_002c-tgamma_002c-and-tgammaf_002d_002dlogarithmic-and-plain-gamma-functions" href="#gamma">1.26 <code>gamma</code>, <code>gammaf</code>, <code>lgamma</code>, <code>lgammaf</code>, <code>gamma_r</code>, <code>gammaf_r</code>, <code>lgamma_r</code>, <code>lgammaf_r</code>, <code>tgamma</code>, and <code>tgammaf</code>&ndash;logarithmic and plain gamma functions</a></li>
3928 <li><a name="toc-hypot_002c-hypotf_002d_002d_002ddistance-from-origin" href="#hypot">1.27 <code>hypot</code>, <code>hypotf</code>&mdash;distance from origin</a></li>
3929 <li><a name="toc-ilogb_002c-ilogbf_002d_002d_002dget-exponent-of-floating_002dpoint-number" href="#ilogb">1.28 <code>ilogb</code>, <code>ilogbf</code>&mdash;get exponent of floating-point number</a></li>
3930 <li><a name="toc-infinity_002c-infinityf_002d_002drepresentation-of-infinity" href="#infinity">1.29 <code>infinity</code>, <code>infinityf</code>&ndash;representation of infinity</a></li>
3931 <li><a name="toc-isgreater_002c-isgreaterequal_002c-isless_002c-islessequal_002c-islessgreater_002c-and-isunordered_002d_002dcomparison-macros" href="#isgreater">1.30 <code>isgreater</code>, <code>isgreaterequal</code>, <code>isless</code>, <code>islessequal</code>, <code>islessgreater</code>, and <code>isunordered</code>&ndash;comparison macros</a></li>
3932 <li><a name="toc-fpclassify_002c-isfinite_002c-isinf_002c-isnan_002c-and-isnormal_002d_002dfloating_002dpoint-classification-macros_003b-finite_002c-finitef_002c-isinf_002c-isinff_002c-isnan_002c-isnanf_002d_002dtest-for-exceptional-numbers" href="#fpclassify">1.31 <code>fpclassify</code>, <code>isfinite</code>, <code>isinf</code>, <code>isnan</code>, and <code>isnormal</code>&ndash;floating-point classification macros; <code>finite</code>, <code>finitef</code>, <code>isinf</code>, <code>isinff</code>, <code>isnan</code>, <code>isnanf</code>&ndash;test for exceptional numbers</a></li>
3933 <li><a name="toc-ldexp_002c-ldexpf_002d_002d_002dload-exponent" href="#ldexp">1.32 <code>ldexp</code>, <code>ldexpf</code>&mdash;load exponent</a></li>
3934 <li><a name="toc-log_002c-logf_002d_002d_002dnatural-logarithms" href="#log">1.33 <code>log</code>, <code>logf</code>&mdash;natural logarithms</a></li>
3935 <li><a name="toc-log10_002c-log10f_002d_002d_002dbase-10-logarithms" href="#log10">1.34 <code>log10</code>, <code>log10f</code>&mdash;base 10 logarithms</a></li>
3936 <li><a name="toc-log1p_002c-log1pf_002d_002d_002dlog-of-1-_002b-x" href="#log1p">1.35 <code>log1p</code>, <code>log1pf</code>&mdash;log of <code>1 + <var>x</var></code></a></li>
3937 <li><a name="toc-log2_002c-log2f_002d_002dbase-2-logarithm" href="#log2">1.36 <code>log2</code>, <code>log2f</code>&ndash;base 2 logarithm</a></li>
3938 <li><a name="toc-logb_002c-logbf_002d_002dget-exponent-of-floating_002dpoint-number" href="#logb">1.37 <code>logb</code>, <code>logbf</code>&ndash;get exponent of floating-point number</a></li>
3939 <li><a name="toc-lrint_002c-lrintf_002c-llrint_002c-llrintf_002d_002dround-to-integer" href="#lrint">1.38 <code>lrint</code>, <code>lrintf</code>, <code>llrint</code>, <code>llrintf</code>&ndash;round to integer</a></li>
3940 <li><a name="toc-lround_002c-lroundf_002c-llround_002c-llroundf_002d_002dround-to-integer_002c-to-nearest" href="#lround">1.39 <code>lround</code>, <code>lroundf</code>, <code>llround</code>, <code>llroundf</code>&ndash;round to integer, to nearest</a></li>
3941 <li><a name="toc-matherr_002d_002d_002dmodifiable-math-error-handler" href="#matherr">1.40 <code>matherr</code>&mdash;modifiable math error handler</a></li>
3942 <li><a name="toc-modf_002c-modff_002d_002d_002dsplit-fractional-and-integer-parts" href="#modf">1.41 <code>modf</code>, <code>modff</code>&mdash;split fractional and integer parts</a></li>
3943 <li><a name="toc-nan_002c-nanf_002d_002d_002drepresentation-of-_0060_0060Not-a-Number_0027_0027" href="#nan">1.42 <code>nan</code>, <code>nanf</code>&mdash;representation of &ldquo;Not a Number&rdquo;</a></li>
3944 <li><a name="toc-nearbyint_002c-nearbyintf_002d_002dround-to-integer" href="#nearbyint">1.43 <code>nearbyint</code>, <code>nearbyintf</code>&ndash;round to integer</a></li>
3945 <li><a name="toc-nextafter_002c-nextafterf_002d_002d_002dget-next-number" href="#nextafter">1.44 <code>nextafter</code>, <code>nextafterf</code>&mdash;get next number</a></li>
3946 <li><a name="toc-pow_002c-powf_002d_002d_002dx-to-the-power-y" href="#pow">1.45 <code>pow</code>, <code>powf</code>&mdash;x to the power y</a></li>
3947 <li><a name="toc-remainder_002c-remainderf_002d_002d_002dround-and-remainder" href="#remainder">1.46 <code>remainder</code>, <code>remainderf</code>&mdash;round and remainder</a></li>
3948 <li><a name="toc-remquo_002c-remquof_002d_002dremainder-and-part-of-quotient" href="#remquo">1.47 <code>remquo</code>, <code>remquof</code>&ndash;remainder and part of quotient</a></li>
3949 <li><a name="toc-rint_002c-rintf_002d_002dround-to-integer" href="#rint">1.48 <code>rint</code>, <code>rintf</code>&ndash;round to integer</a></li>
3950 <li><a name="toc-round_002c-roundf_002d_002dround-to-integer_002c-to-nearest" href="#round">1.49 <code>round</code>, <code>roundf</code>&ndash;round to integer, to nearest</a></li>
3951 <li><a name="toc-scalbn_002c-scalbnf_002c-scalbln_002c-scalblnf_002d_002dscale-by-power-of-FLT_005fRADIX-_0028_003d2_0029" href="#scalbn">1.50 <code>scalbn</code>, <code>scalbnf</code>, <code>scalbln</code>, <code>scalblnf</code>&ndash;scale by power of FLT_RADIX (=2)</a></li>
3952 <li><a name="toc-signbit_002d_002dDoes-floating_002dpoint-number-have-negative-sign_003f" href="#signbit">1.51 <code>signbit</code>&ndash;Does floating-point number have negative sign?</a></li>
3953 <li><a name="toc-sin_002c-sinf_002c-cos_002c-cosf_002d_002d_002dsine-or-cosine" href="#sin">1.52 <code>sin</code>, <code>sinf</code>, <code>cos</code>, <code>cosf</code>&mdash;sine or cosine</a></li>
3954 <li><a name="toc-sinh_002c-sinhf_002d_002d_002dhyperbolic-sine" href="#sinh">1.53 <code>sinh</code>, <code>sinhf</code>&mdash;hyperbolic sine</a></li>
3955 <li><a name="toc-sqrt_002c-sqrtf_002d_002d_002dpositive-square-root" href="#sqrt">1.54 <code>sqrt</code>, <code>sqrtf</code>&mdash;positive square root</a></li>
3956 <li><a name="toc-tan_002c-tanf_002d_002d_002dtangent" href="#tan">1.55 <code>tan</code>, <code>tanf</code>&mdash;tangent</a></li>
3957 <li><a name="toc-tanh_002c-tanhf_002d_002d_002dhyperbolic-tangent" href="#tanh">1.56 <code>tanh</code>, <code>tanhf</code>&mdash;hyperbolic tangent</a></li>
3958 <li><a name="toc-trunc_002c-truncf_002d_002dround-to-integer_002c-towards-zero" href="#trunc">1.57 <code>trunc</code>, <code>truncf</code>&ndash;round to integer, towards zero</a></li>
3959 </ul></li>
3960 <li><a name="toc-Mathematical-Complex-Functions-_0028complex_002eh_0029" href="#Complex">2 Mathematical Complex Functions (<samp>complex.h</samp>)</a>
3961 <ul class="no-bullet">
3962 <li><a name="toc-cabs_002c-cabsf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-absolute_002dvalue" href="#cabs">2.1 <code>cabs</code>, <code>cabsf</code>&mdash;complex absolute-value</a></li>
3963 <li><a name="toc-cacos_002c-cacosf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-arc-cosine" href="#cacos">2.2 <code>cacos</code>, <code>cacosf</code>&mdash;complex arc cosine</a></li>
3964 <li><a name="toc-cacosh_002c-cacoshf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-arc-hyperbolic-cosine" href="#cacosh">2.3 <code>cacosh</code>, <code>cacoshf</code>&mdash;complex arc hyperbolic cosine</a></li>
3965 <li><a name="toc-carg_002c-cargf_002d_002d_002dargument-_0028phase-angle_0029" href="#carg">2.4 <code>carg</code>, <code>cargf</code>&mdash;argument (phase angle)</a></li>
3966 <li><a name="toc-casin_002c-casinf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-arc-sine" href="#casin">2.5 <code>casin</code>, <code>casinf</code>&mdash;complex arc sine</a></li>
3967 <li><a name="toc-casinh_002c-casinhf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-arc-hyperbolic-sine" href="#casinh">2.6 <code>casinh</code>, <code>casinhf</code>&mdash;complex arc hyperbolic sine</a></li>
3968 <li><a name="toc-catan_002c-catanf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-arc-tangent" href="#catan">2.7 <code>catan</code>, <code>catanf</code>&mdash;complex arc tangent</a></li>
3969 <li><a name="toc-catanh_002c-catanhf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-arc-hyperbolic-tangent" href="#catanh">2.8 <code>catanh</code>, <code>catanhf</code>&mdash;complex arc hyperbolic tangent</a></li>
3970 <li><a name="toc-ccos_002c-ccosf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-cosine" href="#ccos">2.9 <code>ccos</code>, <code>ccosf</code>&mdash;complex cosine</a></li>
3971 <li><a name="toc-ccosh_002c-ccoshf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-hyperbolic-cosine" href="#ccosh">2.10 <code>ccosh</code>, <code>ccoshf</code>&mdash;complex hyperbolic cosine</a></li>
3972 <li><a name="toc-cexp_002c-cexpf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-base_002de-exponential" href="#cexp">2.11 <code>cexp</code>, <code>cexpf</code>&mdash;complex base-e exponential</a></li>
3973 <li><a name="toc-cimag_002c-cimagf_002d_002d_002dimaginary-part" href="#cimag">2.12 <code>cimag</code>, <code>cimagf</code>&mdash;imaginary part</a></li>
3974 <li><a name="toc-clog_002c-clogf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-base_002de-logarithm" href="#clog">2.13 <code>clog</code>, <code>clogf</code>&mdash;complex base-e logarithm</a></li>
3975 <li><a name="toc-conj_002c-conjf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-conjugate" href="#conj">2.14 <code>conj</code>, <code>conjf</code>&mdash;complex conjugate</a></li>
3976 <li><a name="toc-cpow_002c-cpowf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-power" href="#cpow">2.15 <code>cpow</code>, <code>cpowf</code>&mdash;complex power</a></li>
3977 <li><a name="toc-cproj_002c-cprojf_002d_002d_002d-Riemann-sphere-projection" href="#cproj">2.16 <code>cproj</code>, <code>cprojf</code>&mdash; Riemann sphere projection</a></li>
3978 <li><a name="toc-creal_002c-crealf_002d_002d_002dreal-part" href="#creal">2.17 <code>creal</code>, <code>crealf</code>&mdash;real part</a></li>
3979 <li><a name="toc-csin_002c-csinf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-sine" href="#csin">2.18 <code>csin</code>, <code>csinf</code>&mdash;complex sine</a></li>
3980 <li><a name="toc-csinh_002c-csinhf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-hyperbolic-sine" href="#csinh">2.19 <code>csinh</code>, <code>csinhf</code>&mdash;complex hyperbolic sine</a></li>
3981 <li><a name="toc-csqrt_002c-csqrtf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-square-root" href="#csqrt">2.20 <code>csqrt</code>, <code>csqrtf</code>&mdash;complex square root</a></li>
3982 <li><a name="toc-ctan_002c-ctanf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-tangent" href="#ctan">2.21 <code>ctan</code>, <code>ctanf</code>&mdash;complex tangent</a></li>
3983 <li><a name="toc-ctanh_002c-ctanf_002d_002d_002dcomplex-hyperbolic-tangent" href="#ctanh">2.22 <code>ctanh</code>, <code>ctanf</code>&mdash;complex hyperbolic tangent</a></li>
3984 </ul></li>
3985 <li><a name="toc-Reentrancy-Properties-of-libm" href="#Reentrancy">3 Reentrancy Properties of <code>libm</code></a></li>
3986 <li><a name="toc-The-long-double-function-support-of-libm" href="#Long-Double-Functions">4 The long double function support of <code>libm</code></a></li>
3987 <li><a name="toc-Document-Index-1" href="#Document-Index">Document Index</a></li>
3988</ul>
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3990 3973</div>
3991<hr>
3992 3974
3993 3975
3994 3976
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