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I'm trying to debug some weird behaviour with Postgres performance and am trying to understand the iostat output. I'm on 2x SSD on RAID1. Why would one of the disks be reported at ~21% utilisation and the other at ~95% utilisation? Shouldn't they be exactly the same?

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avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 10.03 0.00 5.28 1.24 0.00 83.45 Device r/s w/s rMB/s wMB/s rrqm/s wrqm/s %rrqm %wrqm r_await w_await aqu-sz rareq-sz wareq-sz svctm %util loop0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 sda 83.20 493.60 0.72 8.11 0.00 1.80 0.00 0.36 0.56 0.39 0.24 8.83 16.83 0.37 21.36 sdb 24.40 493.60 0.24 8.11 0.00 1.80 0.00 0.36 3.41 1.91 1.02 10.10 16.83 1.82 94.24 md0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 md1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 md2 107.60 494.60 0.96 8.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.12 16.81 0.00 0.00 
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  • With regards to %util the manual man iostat gives a big caveat with regards to SSD's: "for devices serving requests in parallel, such as RAID arrays and modern SSDs, this number does not reflect their performance limits.`" - so by itself it is hard to say if those different numbers are significant or not. Maybe take a look at the SMART health status of the drives? Commented Jan 28, 2019 at 11:16
  • @HBruijn I'm just surprised why both the drives would be reporting such a big difference in %util. I'm not necessarily surprised by the absolute values - because of the caveat that you mentioned. Commented Jan 28, 2019 at 11:27
  • @HBruijn what do I check in the SMART health status exactly, and how? Commented Jan 28, 2019 at 11:29
  • smartctl -xall /dev/sda resp. /dev/sdb Commented Jan 28, 2019 at 12:01

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