Get the top level OU from a AD user via Powershell

Question

I am asking this question mainly to ask if there is a better way to do what I have working. I would also like to know if anyone sees any issues with getting this information this way.

I am trying to get the top level OU that a user is in, and any lower level OUs. The main problem is that we have multiple sites, some of which have multiple layers of OUs for user accounts (ou=doctors,ou=Users,ou=Site,dc=example,dc=com), and some sites that just have a single OU (ou=Users,ou=Site,dc=example,dc=com). I used the script below to get the DN path, split it, and rebuild it backwards with the last three pieces. Can anyone see any issues with doing it this way. Something about it just feels wrong....

$user = Get-ADUser CKnutson $user.DistinguishedName # Returns: CN=Cory Knutson,OU=IT,OU=Users,OU=Site,DC=example,DC=com $split = $user.DistinguishedName.Split(',') $path = "$($split[-3]),$($split[-2]),$($split[-1])" Write-Host $path # Returns: OU=Site,DC=example,DC=com 

Just to state, the end goal was for me to get the path to the "Disabled" OU that we have just inside of each of the "Site" OUs. So my scripting could move the object when disabling the account to the proper place, in that site's top level OU (OU=Disabled,OU=Site,DC=example,DC=com).

Answer 1

Can anyone see any issues with doing it this way.

Yes, I see two immediate problems that might arise from your current approach.

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1. Escaped commas

Consider an OU with a comma in its name, like: OU=Users\, Admin,DC=corp,DC=example

Your use of string.Split() won't care about the escape sequence and you end up with:

 Admin,DC=corp,DC=example 

Use the -split regex operator with a lookbehind to make sure you ignore escaped commas:

$parts = $user.DistinguishedName -split '(?<!\\),' 

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2. Portability

Your code assumes that the NC part of the DN (eg. DC=example,DC=com), will always be just 2 labels wide. This means your code will fail if you use it in scripts you might want to reuse in other domains/environments.

I would grab each part, from right-to-left until I find one without the DC RDN prefix:

$topParts = foreach($part in $parts[-1..-$parts.Length]){ $part if($part -notlike 'DC=*'){ break } } # Remember to reverse the RDNs again $path = $topParts[-1..-$topParts.Length] -join ',' 

Answer 2

In my opinion it is simpler to use Pathname COM object and simply ask for the parent of the DN. You can put this in a while loop to get the hierarchy of the object. Example using my ADName module:

$dn = Get-ADUser user | Select-Object -ExpandProperty DistinguishedName $parent = $dn | Get-ADName -Format Parent while ( $parent -like "OU=*" ) { $parent $parent = $parent | Get-ADName -Format Parent } 

Example output:

OU=Level 3,OU=Level 2,OU=Level 1,DC=fabrikam,DC=com OU=Level 2,OU=Level 1,DC=fabrikam,DC=com OU=Level 1,DC=fabrikam,DC=com 

Answer 3

So you're after the DN of the path to the account? You can do that with a regular expression that uses the (?) ungreedy qualifier. There is no split, so escaped commas are not an issue.

"CN=Cory Knutson,ou=doctors,ou=Users,ou=Site,dc=example,dc=com" -match ".+?,(OU=.+)" $matches[1] ou=doctors,ou=Users,ou=Site,dc=example,dc=com "CN=Knutson\, Cory,ou=doctors,ou=Users,ou=Site,dc=example,dc=com" -match ".+?,(OU=.+)" $matches[1] ou=doctors,ou=Users,ou=Site,dc=example,dc=com "CN=Cory Knutson,ou=Site,dc=example,dc=com" -match ".+?,(OU=.+)" $matches[1] ou=Site,dc=example,dc=com 

Edit
I was unclear from the phrase the top level OU that a user is in, and any lower level OUs. You can also do this:

$dn = "CN=Cory Knutson,ou=doctors,ou=Users,ou=Site,dc=example,dc=com" $last = ($dn.toUpper()).lastIndexOf("OU=") $dn.substring($last) ou=Site,dc=example,dc=com