Docker how to Django + uwsgi/gunicorn + nginx?

I'm currently building a django app the way you want.

I use docker-compose to do this. This is my docker-compose.yml

version: '2' services: nginx: container_name: nginx-container links: - uwsgi build: ./nginx ports: - "8888:80" volumes_from: - uwsgi uwsgi: container_name: uwsgi-container build: ./uwsgi expose: - "8001" volumes: - ./code/conf:/opt/conf - ./code/app:/opt/app 

Dockerfile for uWSGI:

FROM python:3.5 RUN ["pip", "install", "uwsgi"] CMD ["uwsgi", "--master", "--ini", "/opt/conf/uwsgi.ini"] 

Dockerfile for nginx:

FROM nginx RUN ["rm", "/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf"] RUN ["ln", "-s", "/opt/conf/nginx.conf", "/etc/nginx/conf.d/"] CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"] 

And this is my directory tree:

├── README.md ├── code │   ├── app │   └── conf ├── collectstatic.sh ├── docker-compose.yml ├── install.sh ├── migrate.sh ├── nginx │   └── Dockerfile ├── restart.sh ├── upgrade.sh ├── uwsgi │   └── Dockerfile 

So I build my images with docker-compose build then launch new containers in background with docker-compose up -d then I can perform some setup tasks like installing django, generate secret key or whatever you want to have your container ready.

nginx and uwsgi containers uses shared volumes to read config files AND to communicate with a file socket.

Well, not sure that is the best way, but it's a work in progress.

I found this answer from Michael Hampton:

"This only works if the processes are in the same host, VM or container, because it tries to make a connection to the same machine. When they are in different containers, it does not work.

You need to alter your nginx configuration so that it uses the internal IP address of the uwsgi container."

And definitely is something you have to keep in mind if you will have Nginx in a different container, also you have to set the nginx.conf, pointing your statics file directory as alias preventing a security issue.

I hope this code work for everybody, it took me a couple of hours to figure about how to compose Gunicorn, docker, and Nginx:

# nginx.conf upstream djangoA { server $DOCKER_CONTAINER_SERVICE:9000 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=0; # In my case looks like: web:9000 } Server { include mime.types; # The port your site will be served on listen 80; # the domain name it will serve for server_name $YOUR_SERVER_NAME;# substitute your machine's IP address or FQDN charset utf-8; #Max upload size client_max_body_size 512M; # adjust to taste location /site_media { alias $DIRECTORY_STATIC_FILES/site_media;#your Django project's media files have to be inside of the container have nginxs, you can copy them with volumes. expires 30d; } location / { try_files $uri @proxy_to_app; } # Finally, send all non-media requests to the Django server. location @proxy_to_app { proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_pass http://djangoA; } } 

And for the docker-compose:

#production.yml version: '2' services: db: extends: file: base.yml service: db nginx: image: nginx:latest volumes: - ./nginx:/etc/nginx/conf.d/ - ./$STATIC_FILE_ROOT/site_media:/$STATIC_FILE_ROOT/site_media ports: - "80:80" depends_on: - web web: extends: file: base.yml service: web build: args: - DJANGO_ENV=production command: bash -c "python manage.py collectstatic --noinput && chmod 775 -R project/site_media/static && gunicorn project.wsgi:application" volumes: - ./$DIRECTORY_APP:/$DIRECTORY_APP ports: - "9000:9000" depends_on: - db volumes: db_data: external: true 

I finally managed to build my docker-compose for Django, Gunicorn, Nginx and Postgres thanks (mostly) to this tutorial.

Basically, you have one container for Nginx, one container for Django+Gunicorn, and one container (or more if you want multiple databases) for Postgres.

You could also split Django+Gunicorn in two containers, but I think it makes more sense to have them both in one container, because one Gunicorn process always runs one Django wsgi application. I don't think you can have either N Gunicorn running 1 Django, 1 Gunicorn running N Django, or N Gunicorn running N Django, so there is no scaling possibilities here, except scaling N Gunicorn+Django containers.

Volumes are used to keep databases' data (and optionnaly Django's static/media files) permanently.

You were asking for a tutorial or other ways to do it, so I will not post my docker-compose.yml contents here (because it would also require the Dockerfile, the Nginx conf file, the Gunicorn conf file, the databases env files, and many snippets of Python code like DATABASES settings), but I will try to make a tutorial when I have time and post the link in a edit/comment.

Meanwhile, the link I provided above is a very good starting point.

EDIT: you can now take a look at this docker setup example and the related blog post.