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Let $s\in (0,1)$ and $1<p<\infty$. Let $H^{s,p}(\mathbb{R}^n)=H^{s,p}$ the Bessel potential space, defined as the image of $L^p(\mathbb{R^n})$ by the Bessel potential. It is known that these spaces con be obtained by complex interpolation means by $$[L^p,W^{1,p}]_s=H^{s,p}(\mathbb{R}^n),$$ so I'm trying to prove all the known well facts about these spaces via only interpolation. In particular im trying to prove the sobolev embedding $$H^{s,p}\subset L^{p_s^*},$$ where $$p_s^*=\frac{np}{n-sp},$$ whenever $sp<n$. To prove it im using the interpolation propertie that states that if $T:E_0+E_1\to F_0+F_1$ is a bounded linear operator from $E_0 \to F_0$ and $E_1\to F_1$, then $T$ is a bounded linear operator from $[E_0,E_1]_s\to [F_0,F_1]_s$. To use this we have to differenciate cases for the value $p$. I have proved the cases $p\leq n$, so im interested in $sp<n$ and $p>n$. My idea is to define $$I:L^p+W^{1,p}\to L^p+C^{0,1-n/p};u\mapsto u,$$ since $W^{1,p}\subset C^{0,1-n/p}$ by the Morrey embedding. Now interpolating we have that $I$ is an inclusion operator from $H^{s,p}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ to $$[L^p,C^{0,1-n/p}]_s,$$ and since both spaces could be seen as Morrey-Campanato spaces, $L^p=\mathcal{L}^{p,0}$ and $C^{0,1-n/p}=\mathcal{L}^{p,p}$, we have the embedding $$[L^p,C^{0,1-n/p}]_s\subset \mathcal{L}^{p,sp},$$ so $$H^{s,p}(\mathbb{R}^n)\subset \mathcal{L}^{p,sp}(\mathbb{R}^n),$$ however that's not what i want. Is there any form of relating the space $\mathcal{L}^{p,sp}$ with $L^{p_s^*}(\mathbb{R}^n)?$ Or maybe a more suitable choice of the endpoints for the interpolation? Any idea will be very appreciated. Thanks in advance

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  • $\begingroup$ In order to follow your approach, you can actually identify interpolation spaces between Lebesgue and Hoelder spaces to be a certain type of Triebel-Lizorkin space (see this paper by Triebel himself) and then use embeddings for these if you like. $\endgroup$ Commented Nov 11, 2024 at 14:28
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    $\begingroup$ The idea of the work is not to use Triebel-Lizorkin and Besov spaces $\endgroup$ Commented Nov 13, 2024 at 10:39
  • $\begingroup$ I see. Is it allowed to use the case $p>n$ and $sp>n$? This would give you the result up to $p_s^*$ by "elementary" means (reiteration). $\endgroup$ Commented Nov 13, 2024 at 11:47
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    $\begingroup$ Yes, since I managed to prove that case (which is Morrey fractional embedding) by means of Morrey-Campanato spaces and their relationship with Holder spaces $\endgroup$ Commented Nov 13, 2024 at 11:59
  • $\begingroup$ Okay, then, as I said, you can get the embedding of the interpolation space $H^{s,p}$ into $L^q$ for any $q < p_s^*$ by direct and elementary interpolation means, but I have no clue how to get the endpoint itself. In any case, the Morrey-Campanato embedding that you mention seems to be true. I am not an expert in this at all but a quick google search gave this where e.g. Theorems 0.0.12 and 0.0.14 seem to state what you want. $\endgroup$ Commented Nov 13, 2024 at 12:58

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