[iOS] Fix building as static library or xcframework, add iOS config and xcframework build script to the test project.

[bruvzg]

• Adds dummy argument to new/delete operations to avoid conflicts with the equivalent engine symbols when static linking (on iOS both engine and extension can be static library).
• Adds example.gdextension config and build script for iOS .xcframework (device + simulator) build.
• Also fixes macOS framework names, and adds missing arch for Linux/Windows to the example.gdextension.

Bugsquad edit: Depends on godotengine/godot#84493

[dsnopek]

Thanks!

Having to add the dummy arguments to new and delete isn't ideal, but I don't know that there's any better way to do it, and since we only ever use macros to run them, this should be fine.

However, it looks like this needs to be rebased - there's a conflict

[akien-mga]

Might be good to add a comment to explain what these dummy arguments are for.

@dsnopek This shouldn't be cherry-picked for 4.1 unless godotengine/godot#84493 also is, but for now it's unclear whether it will be merged in time even for 4.2.

[akien-mga]

Looks good to me.

[akien-mga]

CI is failing on the Linux (GCC) build, for some reason it doesn't want to pick up a runner and seems to be stuck on running the unit tests. Two attempts failed the same way.

This doesn't seem due to this PR specifically, it was likely just opened at a time where GHA was misbehaving and now it's stuck in a bad state. Other tests passed so this should be mergeable.

[akien-mga]

Thanks!