⚡️ Speed up method UniversalBaseModel.json by 8%

[codeflash-ai]

📄 8% (0.08x) speedup for UniversalBaseModel.json in src/deepgram/core/pydantic_utilities.py

⏱️ Runtime : 3.62 milliseconds → 3.35 milliseconds (best of 53 runs)

📝 Explanation and details

The optimization achieves a 7% speedup through two key improvements:

1. Module-level caching of IS_PYDANTIC_V2: The original code referenced an undefined IS_PYDANTIC_V2 variable, which likely caused runtime lookups or errors. The optimized version computes pydantic.VERSION.startswith("2.") once at module import time, eliminating repeated version checks.

2. Conditional dictionary creation: The original code always performed dictionary merging with **kwargs, even when kwargs was empty. The optimization adds a branch to handle empty kwargs separately:

• When kwargs is empty (most common case): Creates a simple dict literal {"by_alias": True, "exclude_unset": True}
• When kwargs has values: Uses dict(by_alias=True, exclude_unset=True, **kwargs) for proper merging

From the line profiler, we see the dict creation overhead reduced from 4 lines of execution (88+44+44+44 hits = 220 total) to a more efficient 2-branch approach (44+36+8 = 88 total hits). The optimization is particularly effective when kwargs is empty, which appears to be the common case based on the test showing 36 hits for the empty branch vs 8 for the non-empty branch.

This optimization works best for frequent calls to json() without additional parameters, which is typical for serialization-heavy workloads.

✅ Correctness verification report:

Test	Status
⚙️ Existing Unit Tests	🔘 None Found
🌀 Generated Regression Tests	✅ 1518 Passed
⏪ Replay Tests	🔘 None Found
🔎 Concolic Coverage Tests	✅ 2 Passed
📊 Tests Coverage	75.0%

🌀 Generated Regression Tests and Runtime

import datetime as dt import sys import pydantic # imports import pytest # used for our unit tests from deepgram.core.pydantic_utilities import UniversalBaseModel # function to test # (Paste the full implementation from above, unchanged) IS_PYDANTIC_V2 = pydantic.VERSION.startswith("2.") def serialize_datetime(dt_obj): # Simple ISO format serialization for test purposes # (the actual deepgram.core.datetime_utils.serialize_datetime may differ) return dt_obj.isoformat() from deepgram.core.pydantic_utilities import UniversalBaseModel # ------------------------- # Unit tests for json method # ------------------------- # 1. Basic Test Cases #------------------------------------------------ import datetime as dt # Helper: parse JSON string to dict for easier comparison import json import sys import pydantic # imports import pytest from deepgram.core.pydantic_utilities import UniversalBaseModel # --- Begin function to test (from deepgram/core/pydantic_utilities.py) --- # Simulate the serialize_datetime utility as used in the config def serialize_datetime(dt_obj): # ISO format with 'Z' if UTC, else with offset if dt_obj.tzinfo is not None and dt_obj.tzinfo.utcoffset(dt_obj) is not None: # Use isoformat, ensure 'Z' for UTC iso = dt_obj.isoformat() if iso.endswith("+00:00"): iso = iso[:-6] + "Z" return iso else: return dt_obj.isoformat() IS_PYDANTIC_V2 = pydantic.VERSION.startswith("2.") from deepgram.core.pydantic_utilities import UniversalBaseModel # --- End function to test --- # ------------------- UNIT TESTS ------------------- # 1. BASIC TEST CASES def test_json_with_invalid_kwarg(): # Passing an invalid kwarg should raise TypeError class Foo(UniversalBaseModel): x: int foo = Foo(x=1) with pytest.raises(TypeError): foo.json(not_a_kwarg=True) # 2.63μs -> 2.86μs (7.95% slower) #------------------------------------------------ from deepgram.core.pydantic_utilities import UniversalBaseModel def test_UniversalBaseModel_json(): UniversalBaseModel.json(UniversalBaseModel())

🔎 Concolic Coverage Tests and Runtime

Test File::Test Function	Original ⏱️	Optimized ⏱️	Speedup
codeflash_concolic_d0k9fm5y/tmp7by5v067/test_concolic_coverage.py::test_UniversalBaseModel_json	47.9μs	48.3μs	-0.912%⚠️

To edit these changes git checkout codeflash/optimize-UniversalBaseModel.json-mh2te39v and push.