揭秘外贸原单尾货：正品尾货到底是什么"货"？
揭秘外贸原单尾货：正品尾货到底是什么"货"？
Unveiling Original Overstock: What Exactly Are "Genuine Overstock" Goods?
外贸原单尾货的定义
Original overstock refers to fabrics and patterns provided by international brands, manufactured by domestic factories. Products that pass quality inspection become "genuine goods" sold in specialty stores, while "original overstock" consists of surplus materials secretly taken from production waste - the only difference being these items are unplanned ("illegitimate") production.
Definition of Overstock
Clothing overstock includes: remaining materials from domestic manufacturers fulfilling foreign orders using imported/domestic materials; defective products with undetectable flaws in fabrics/specifications/patterns; privately processed extra materials; and defect-free returned export garments sold domestically.
行业背景
中国服装制造商承担全球过半的服装加工业务。国外品牌下单时通常采用"来料加工"方式，为确保合格产品数量，来料配给总会多于订单需求，加工厂按单交货后总会剩余部分货物，这部分就成为"尾货"。
Industry Background
Chinese manufacturers undertake over 50% of global garment processing. Foreign brands typically use "processing with imported materials" method - material allocation always exceeds order requirements to ensure sufficient qualified products, creating inevitable surplus "overstock".
尾货的三大类型
Three Main Types of Overstock:
- 原料剩余尾货 - 成本已计入总成本，这些超额生产的尾货基本是零成本
Raw material surplus - With costs already absorbed, these overproduced items have near-zero cost basis - 厂家主动多做的尾货 - 与正品无质量差异，但商标使用侵犯商标权人利益
Intentional overproduction - No quality difference from genuine products but violates trademark rights - 退货产生的尾货 - 厂家为备货退货往往多生产，退货产生的部分瑕疵品也成为尾货
Return-generated overstock - Extra production for return contingencies, including some defective returns
重要说明：尾货不等同于假冒伪劣产品、洋垃圾或二手货
Important Note: Overstock ≠ counterfeit goods, foreign garbage or second-hand items