中国安防产业遭遇美国制裁：技术壁垒与市场突围
来源：亿欧网 | 作者：马渭淞
Source: EqualOcean | Author: Ma Weisong
据美国科技类网站TechCrunch报道，从2021年末开始，美国零售商开始陆续下架中国产安防产品。或许，中国产监控技术产品不久之后便会在北美市场销声匿迹。
According to US tech website TechCrunch, since late 2021, American retailers have begun removing Chinese-made security products from shelves. Chinese surveillance technology products may soon disappear from the North American market.
中国安防产品在北美遭遇"寒冬"其实也在预料之中。早在2018年，在制裁中兴的议案后附加增补提案中，美国众议院便以国家安全为由，禁止美国联邦政府采购某些中国制造的视频监控设备。
The "winter" for Chinese security products in North America was actually predictable. As early as 2018, in an amendment following the sanctions against ZTE, the US House of Representatives banned federal agencies from purchasing certain Chinese-made video surveillance equipment on national security grounds.
制裁源于恐惧 | Sanctions Stem from Fear
目前，安防设备包含了三大类：视频监控、门禁以及防盗报警设备。在此当中，视频监控占据市场最大份额。但偏偏是"监控"概念，让视频监控配套产品的应用在西方文化与舆论中一直处于敏感地带。
Currently, security equipment includes three main categories: video surveillance, access control, and anti-theft alarm systems. Among these, video surveillance holds the largest market share. However, it is precisely the concept of "surveillance" that keeps video surveillance products in a sensitive position in Western culture and public opinion.
技术壁垒依旧存在 | Technological Barriers Remain
从产业链的角度来看，智能安防涉及上游算法、芯片设计、以及存储器、图像传感器等零部件生产；中游软硬件及系统集成、或提供智能安防运营服务环节；下游城市管理、学校、医院、轨道交通、金融等场景。
From an industrial chain perspective, intelligent security involves upstream algorithm and chip design, as well as components like memory and image sensors; midstream software/hardware and system integration or intelligent security operation services; downstream applications in urban management, schools, hospitals, rail transit, finance and other scenarios.
国产安防芯片已有突破 | Breakthroughs in Domestic Security Chips
值得庆幸的是，与手机芯片动辄5-7nm的制程工艺不同，安防摄像机的芯片制程工艺目前绝大多数集中于22-48nm，并不需要用到当下最先进的制程工艺。
Fortunately, unlike smartphone chips that require 5-7nm processes, security camera chips mostly use 22-48nm processes, eliminating the need for the most advanced manufacturing technologies.
结语 | Conclusion
相对于绞尽脑汁思考如何制裁中国安防企业，未来，以美国为首的西方国家或许更应该思考如何根治自己的"被迫害妄想症"了。
Rather than racking their brains to sanction Chinese security companies, Western countries led by the US might want to consider curing their "persecution complex" in the future.
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