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Data modeling
Calendar cubes

Calendar cubes

Calendar cubes are used to implement custom calendars, such as retail calendars. If your data model contains a calendar table, it can be modeled as a calendar cube.

Calendar cubes can be used to override the default time shift behavior of time-shift measures as well as override the default granularities of time dimensions.

Calendar cubes are powered by Tesseract, the [next-generation data modeling engine][link-tesseract]. Tesseract is currently in preview. Use the CUBEJS_TESSERACT_SQL_PLANNER environment variable to enable it.

Configuration

Calendar cubes are cubes where the calendar parameter is set to true. This indicates that the cube is a calendar cube and allow the use of custom time shifts and granularities.

YAML
JavaScript
cubes:  - name: fiscal_calendar  calendar: true  sql: >  SELECT  date_key,  calendar_date,  start_of_week, start_of_month, start_of_year,  week_ago, month_ago, year_ago  FROM calendar_table    dimensions:  - name: date_key  sql: date  type: time  primary_key: true    - name: date  sql: date  type: time    time_shift:  - type: prior  interval: 1 week  sql: "{CUBE}.week_ago"    - type: prior  interval: 1 month  sql: "{CUBE}.month_ago"    - type: prior  interval: 1 year  sql: "{CUBE}.year_ago"    granularities:  - name: week  sql: "{CUBE}.start_of_week"    - name: month  sql: "{CUBE}.start_of_month"    - name: year  sql: "{CUBE}.start_of_year"

Calendar cubes are only useful when they are joined with other cubes in the data model.

YAML
JavaScript
cubes:  - name: sales  sql_table: sales_facts    joins:  - name: fiscal_calendar  sql: "{CUBE}.date = {fiscal_calendar.date_key}"  relationship: many_to_one    # ...

Overriding time shifts

Calendar cubes can be used to override the default time shift behavior of time-shift measures. It can help implement custom time shifts or reuse common time shifts across multiple cubes.

By default, a time shift like prior + 1 month will add INTERVAL '1 month' to the time dimension value in the generated SQL. However, with custom calendars, a more nuanced approach is often needed, such as mapping each date to another pre-calculated date from the calendar table.

In the following example, the custom_calendar cube defines a custom time shift for prior + 1 month that uses the month_ago column from the calendar table. It also defines a custom time shift my_favorite_time_shift of type prior + the 42 days interval.

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JavaScript
cubes:  - name: custom_calendar  calendar: true  sql: >  SELECT '2025-01-01' AS date, '2024-12-15' AS month_ago UNION ALL  SELECT '2025-02-01' AS date, '2025-01-15' AS month_ago UNION ALL  SELECT '2025-03-01' AS date, '2025-02-15' AS month_ago UNION ALL  SELECT '2025-04-01' AS date, '2025-03-15' AS month_ago UNION ALL  SELECT '2025-05-01' AS date, '2025-04-15' AS month_ago UNION ALL  SELECT '2025-06-01' AS date, '2025-05-15' AS month_ago    dimensions:  - name: date_key  sql: "{CUBE}.date::TIMESTAMP"  type: time  primary_key: true    - name: date  sql: "{CUBE}.date::TIMESTAMP"  type: time    time_shift:  - type: prior  interval: 1 month  sql: "{CUBE}.month_ago::TIMESTAMP"    - type: prior  interval: 42 days  name: my_favorite_time_shift    - name: sales  sql: >  SELECT 1 AS id, 101 AS amount, '2025-01-01'::TIMESTAMP AS date UNION ALL  SELECT 2 AS id, 202 AS amount, '2025-02-01'::TIMESTAMP AS date UNION ALL  SELECT 3 AS id, 303 AS amount, '2025-03-01'::TIMESTAMP AS date UNION ALL  SELECT 4 AS id, 404 AS amount, '2025-04-01'::TIMESTAMP AS date UNION ALL  SELECT 5 AS id, 505 AS amount, '2025-05-01'::TIMESTAMP AS date UNION ALL  SELECT 6 AS id, 606 AS amount, '2025-06-01'::TIMESTAMP AS date    joins:  - name: custom_calendar  sql: "{CUBE}.date = {custom_calendar.date_key}"  relationship: many_to_one    dimensions:  - name: id  sql: id  type: number  primary_key: true    measures:  - name: total_sales  sql: amount  type: sum    - name: total_sales_prior_month  sql: "{total_sales}"  type: number  time_shift:  - type: prior  interval: 1 month    - name: total_sales_few_days_ago  sql: "{total_sales}"  type: number  time_shift:  - name: my_favorite_time_shift

Whe sales.total_sales_prior_month and sales.total_sales_few_days_ago measures are queried together with the calendar.date time dimension, the generate SQL will use the custom time shifts defined in the custom_calendar cube: one with the month_ago column and another with INTERVAL '42 days'.

Overriding granularities

Calendar cubes can be used to override the default granularities of time dimensions.

By default, SQL functions like DATE_TRUNC are used to calculate default granularities, such as day, month, or year. However, custom calendars often have different definitions for these periods, e.g., a retail calendar might use 4-5-4 week patterns.

Calendar cubes allow you to define custom SQL expressions for each granularity. In the following example, the fiscal_calendar cube overrides the default month granularity to the to a pre-calculated mid_month column:

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cubes:  - name: custom_calendar  calendar: true  sql: >  SELECT '2025-01-02' AS date, '2025-01-15' AS mid_month UNION ALL  SELECT '2025-02-04' AS date, '2025-02-15' AS mid_month UNION ALL  SELECT '2025-03-09' AS date, '2025-03-15' AS mid_month UNION ALL  SELECT '2025-04-17' AS date, '2025-04-15' AS mid_month UNION ALL  SELECT '2025-05-21' AS date, '2025-05-15' AS mid_month UNION ALL  SELECT '2025-06-30' AS date, '2025-06-15' AS mid_month    dimensions:  - name: date_key  sql: date  type: time  primary_key: true    - name: date  sql: date  type: time  primary_key: true    granularities:  - name: month  sql: "{CUBE}.mid_month::TIMESTAMP"    - name: sales  sql: >  SELECT 1 AS id, 101 AS amount, '2025-01-02'::TIMESTAMP AS date UNION ALL  SELECT 2 AS id, 202 AS amount, '2025-02-04'::TIMESTAMP AS date UNION ALL  SELECT 3 AS id, 303 AS amount, '2025-03-09'::TIMESTAMP AS date UNION ALL  SELECT 4 AS id, 404 AS amount, '2025-04-17'::TIMESTAMP AS date UNION ALL  SELECT 5 AS id, 505 AS amount, '2025-05-21'::TIMESTAMP AS date UNION ALL  SELECT 6 AS id, 606 AS amount, '2025-06-30'::TIMESTAMP AS date    joins:  - name: custom_calendar  sql: "{CUBE}.date = {custom_calendar.date}"  relationship: many_to_one    dimensions:  - name: id  sql: id  type: number  primary_key: true    measures:  - name: revenue  sql: amount  type: sum

When querying sales.revenue by custom_calendar.date with monthly granularity, the mid_month column will be used instead of the standard DATE_TRUNC('month', date) expression in the generated SQL.