git-submodule.txt

git-submodule(1)
================

NAME
----
git-submodule - Initialize, update or inspect submodules


SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
'git submodule' [--quiet] [--cached]
'git submodule' [--quiet] add [<options>] [--] <repository> [<path>]
'git submodule' [--quiet] status [--cached] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
'git submodule' [--quiet] init [--] [<path>...]
'git submodule' [--quiet] deinit [-f|--force] (--all|[--] <path>...)
'git submodule' [--quiet] update [<options>] [--] [<path>...]
'git submodule' [--quiet] set-branch [<options>] [--] <path>
'git submodule' [--quiet] set-url [--] <path> <newurl>
'git submodule' [--quiet] summary [<options>] [--] [<path>...]
'git submodule' [--quiet] foreach [--recursive] <command>
'git submodule' [--quiet] sync [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
'git submodule' [--quiet] absorbgitdirs [--] [<path>...]


DESCRIPTION
-----------
Inspects, updates and manages submodules.

For more information about submodules, see linkgit:gitsubmodules[7].

COMMANDS
--------
With no arguments, shows the status of existing submodules. Several
subcommands are available to perform operations on the submodules.

add [-b <branch>] [-f|--force] [--name <name>] [--reference <repository>] [--ref-format <format>] [--depth <depth>] [--] <repository> [<path>]::
Add the given repository as a submodule at the given path
to the changeset to be committed next to the current
project: the current project is termed the "superproject".
+
<repository> is the URL of the new submodule's origin repository.
This may be either an absolute URL, or (if it begins with ./
or ../), the location relative to the superproject's default remote
repository (Please note that to specify a repository 'foo.git'
which is located right next to a superproject 'bar.git', you'll
have to use `../foo.git` instead of `./foo.git` - as one might expect
when following the rules for relative URLs - because the evaluation
of relative URLs in Git is identical to that of relative directories).
+
The default remote is the remote of the remote-tracking branch
of the current branch. If no such remote-tracking branch exists or
the HEAD is detached, "origin" is assumed to be the default remote.
If the superproject doesn't have a default remote configured
the superproject is its own authoritative upstream and the current
working directory is used instead.
+
The optional argument <path> is the relative location for the cloned
submodule to exist in the superproject. If <path> is not given, the
canonical part of the source repository is used ("repo" for
"/path/to/repo.git" and "foo" for "host.xz:foo/.git"). If <path>
exists and is already a valid Git repository, then it is staged
for commit without cloning. The <path> is also used as the submodule's
logical name in its configuration entries unless `--name` is used
to specify a logical name.
+
The given URL is recorded into `.gitmodules` for use by subsequent users
cloning the superproject. If the URL is given relative to the
superproject's repository, the presumption is the superproject and
submodule repositories will be kept together in the same relative
location, and only the superproject's URL needs to be provided.
git-submodule will correctly locate the submodule using the relative
URL in `.gitmodules`.
+
If `--ref-format <format>` is specified, the ref storage format of newly
cloned submodules will be set accordingly.

status [--cached] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]::
Show the status of the submodules. This will print the SHA-1 of the
currently checked out commit for each submodule, along with the
submodule path and the output of 'git describe' for the
SHA-1. Each SHA-1 will possibly be prefixed with `-` if the submodule is
not initialized, `+` if the currently checked out submodule commit
does not match the SHA-1 found in the index of the containing
repository and `U` if the submodule has merge conflicts.
+
If `--cached` is specified, this command will instead print the SHA-1
recorded in the superproject for each submodule.
+
If `--recursive` is specified, this command will recurse into nested
submodules, and show their status as well.
+
If you are only interested in changes of the currently initialized
submodules with respect to the commit recorded in the index or the HEAD,
linkgit:git-status[1] and linkgit:git-diff[1] will provide that information
too (and can also report changes to a submodule's work tree).

init [--] [<path>...]::
Initialize the submodules recorded in the index (which were
added and committed elsewhere) by setting `submodule.$name.url`
in `.git/config`, using the same setting from `.gitmodules` as
a template. If the URL is relative, it will be resolved using
the default remote. If there is no default remote, the current
repository will be assumed to be upstream.
+
Optional <path> arguments limit which submodules will be initialized.
If no path is specified and submodule.active has been configured, submodules
configured to be active will be initialized, otherwise all submodules are
initialized.
+
It will also copy the value of `submodule.$name.update`, if present in
the `.gitmodules` file, to `.git/config`, but (1) this command does not
alter existing information in `.git/config`, and (2) `submodule.$name.update`
that is set to a custom command is *not* copied for security reasons.
+
You can then customize the submodule clone URLs in `.git/config`
for your local setup and proceed to `git submodule update`;
you can also just use `git submodule update --init` without
the explicit 'init' step if you do not intend to customize
any submodule locations.
+
See the add subcommand for the definition of default remote.

deinit [-f|--force] (--all|[--] <path>...)::
Unregister the given submodules, i.e. remove the whole
`submodule.$name` section from .git/config together with their work
tree. Further calls to `git submodule update`, `git submodule foreach`
and `git submodule sync` will skip any unregistered submodules until
they are initialized again, so use this command if you don't want to
have a local checkout of the submodule in your working tree anymore.
+
When the command is run without pathspec, it errors out,
instead of deinit-ing everything, to prevent mistakes.
+
If `--force` is specified, the submodule's working tree will
be removed even if it contains local modifications.
+
If you really want to remove a submodule from the repository and commit
that use linkgit:git-rm[1] instead. See linkgit:gitsubmodules[7] for removal
options.

update [--init] [--remote] [-N|--no-fetch] [--[no-]recommend-shallow] [-f|--force] [--checkout|--rebase|--merge] [--reference <repository>] [--ref-format <format>] [--depth <depth>] [--recursive] [--jobs <n>] [--[no-]single-branch] [--filter <filter-spec>] [--] [<path>...]::
+
--
Update the registered submodules to match what the superproject
expects by cloning missing submodules, fetching missing commits
in submodules and updating the working tree of
the submodules. The "updating" can be done in several ways depending
on command line options and the value of `submodule.<name>.update`
configuration variable. The command line option takes precedence over
the configuration variable. If neither is given, a 'checkout' is performed.
(note: what is in `.gitmodules` file is irrelevant at this point;
see `git submodule init` above for how `.gitmodules` is used).
The 'update' procedures supported both from the command line as well as
through the `submodule.<name>.update` configuration are:

checkout;; the commit recorded in the superproject will be
 checked out in the submodule on a detached HEAD.
+
If `--force` is specified, the submodule will be checked out (using
`git checkout --force`), even if the commit specified
in the index of the containing repository already matches the commit
checked out in the submodule.

rebase;; the current branch of the submodule will be rebased
 onto the commit recorded in the superproject.

merge;; the commit recorded in the superproject will be merged
 into the current branch in the submodule.

The following update procedures have additional limitations:

custom command;; mechanism for running arbitrary commands with the
 commit ID as an argument. Specifically, if the
 `submodule.<name>.update` configuration variable is set to
 `!custom command`, the object name of the commit recorded in the
 superproject for the submodule is appended to the `custom command`
 string and executed. Note that this mechanism is not supported in
 the `.gitmodules` file or on the command line.

none;; the submodule is not updated. This update procedure is not
 allowed on the command line.

If the submodule is not yet initialized, and you just want to use the
setting as stored in `.gitmodules`, you can automatically initialize the
submodule with the `--init` option.

If `--recursive` is specified, this command will recurse into the
registered submodules, and update any nested submodules within.

If `--ref-format <format>` is specified, the ref storage format of newly
cloned submodules will be set accordingly.

If `--filter <filter-spec>` is specified, the given partial clone filter will be
applied to the submodule. See linkgit:git-rev-list[1] for details on filter
specifications.
--
set-branch (-b|--branch) <branch> [--] <path>::
set-branch (-d|--default) [--] <path>::
Sets the default remote tracking branch for the submodule. The
`--branch` option allows the remote branch to be specified. The
`--default` option removes the submodule.<name>.branch configuration
key, which causes the tracking branch to default to the remote 'HEAD'.

set-url [--] <path> <newurl>::
Sets the URL of the specified submodule to <newurl>. Then, it will
automatically synchronize the submodule's new remote URL
configuration.

summary [--cached|--files] [(-n|--summary-limit) <n>] [commit] [--] [<path>...]::
Show commit summary between the given commit (defaults to HEAD) and
working tree/index. For a submodule in question, a series of commits
in the submodule between the given super project commit and the
index or working tree (switched by `--cached`) are shown. If the option
`--files` is given, show the series of commits in the submodule between
the index of the super project and the working tree of the submodule
(this option doesn't allow to use the `--cached` option or to provide an
explicit commit).
+
Using the `--submodule=log` option with linkgit:git-diff[1] will provide that
information too.

foreach [--recursive] <command>::
Evaluates an arbitrary shell command in each checked out submodule.
The command has access to the variables $name, $sm_path, $displaypath,
$sha1 and $toplevel:
$name is the name of the relevant submodule section in `.gitmodules`,
$sm_path is the path of the submodule as recorded in the immediate
superproject, $displaypath contains the relative path from the
current working directory to the submodules root directory,
$sha1 is the commit as recorded in the immediate
superproject, and $toplevel is the absolute path to the top-level
of the immediate superproject.
Note that to avoid conflicts with '$PATH' on Windows, the '$path'
variable is now a deprecated synonym of '$sm_path' variable.
Any submodules defined in the superproject but not checked out are
ignored by this command. Unless given `--quiet`, foreach prints the name
of each submodule before evaluating the command.
If `--recursive` is given, submodules are traversed recursively (i.e.
the given shell command is evaluated in nested submodules as well).
A non-zero return from the command in any submodule causes
the processing to terminate. This can be overridden by adding '|| :'
to the end of the command.
+
As an example, the command below will show the path and currently
checked out commit for each submodule:
+
--------------
git submodule foreach 'echo $sm_path `git rev-parse HEAD`'
--------------

sync [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]::
Synchronizes submodules' remote URL configuration setting
to the value specified in `.gitmodules`. It will only affect those
submodules which already have a URL entry in .git/config (that is the
case when they are initialized or freshly added). This is useful when
submodule URLs change upstream and you need to update your local
repositories accordingly.
+
`git submodule sync` synchronizes all submodules while
`git submodule sync -- A` synchronizes submodule "A" only.
+
If `--recursive` is specified, this command will recurse into the
registered submodules, and sync any nested submodules within.

absorbgitdirs::
If a git directory of a submodule is inside the submodule,
move the git directory of the submodule into its superproject's
`$GIT_DIR/modules` path and then connect the git directory and
its working directory by setting the `core.worktree` and adding
a .git file pointing to the git directory embedded in the
superprojects git directory.
+
A repository that was cloned independently and later added as a submodule or
old setups have the submodules git directory inside the submodule instead of
embedded into the superprojects git directory.
+
This command is recursive by default.

OPTIONS
-------
-q::
--quiet::
Only print error messages.

--progress::
This option is only valid for add and update commands.
Progress status is reported on the standard error stream
by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless -q
is specified. This flag forces progress status even if the
standard error stream is not directed to a terminal.

--all::
This option is only valid for the deinit command. Unregister all
submodules in the working tree.

-b <branch>::
--branch <branch>::
Branch of repository to add as submodule.
The name of the branch is recorded as `submodule.<name>.branch` in
`.gitmodules` for `update --remote`. A special value of `.` is used to
indicate that the name of the branch in the submodule should be the
same name as the current branch in the current repository. If the
option is not specified, it defaults to the remote 'HEAD'.

-f::
--force::
This option is only valid for add, deinit and update commands.
When running add, allow adding an otherwise ignored submodule path.
When running deinit the submodule working trees will be removed even
if they contain local changes.
When running update (only effective with the checkout procedure),
throw away local changes in submodules when switching to a
different commit; and always run a checkout operation in the
submodule, even if the commit listed in the index of the
containing repository matches the commit checked out in the
submodule.

--cached::
This option is only valid for status and summary commands. These
commands typically use the commit found in the submodule HEAD, but
with this option, the commit stored in the index is used instead.

--files::
This option is only valid for the summary command. This command
compares the commit in the index with that in the submodule HEAD
when this option is used.

-n::
--summary-limit::
This option is only valid for the summary command.
Limit the summary size (number of commits shown in total).
Giving 0 will disable the summary; a negative number means unlimited
(the default). This limit only applies to modified submodules. The
size is always limited to 1 for added/deleted/typechanged submodules.

--remote::
This option is only valid for the update command. Instead of using
the superproject's recorded SHA-1 to update the submodule, use the
status of the submodule's remote-tracking branch. The remote used
is branch's remote (`branch.<name>.remote`), defaulting to `origin`.
The remote branch used defaults to the remote `HEAD`, but the branch
name may be overridden by setting the `submodule.<name>.branch`
option in either `.gitmodules` or `.git/config` (with `.git/config`
taking precedence).
+
This works for any of the supported update procedures (`--checkout`,
`--rebase`, etc.). The only change is the source of the target SHA-1.
For example, `submodule update --remote --merge` will merge upstream
submodule changes into the submodules, while `submodule update
--merge` will merge superproject gitlink changes into the submodules.
+
In order to ensure a current tracking branch state, `update --remote`
fetches the submodule's remote repository before calculating the
SHA-1. If you don't want to fetch, you should use `submodule update
--remote --no-fetch`.
+
Use this option to integrate changes from the upstream subproject with
your submodule's current HEAD. Alternatively, you can run `git pull`
from the submodule, which is equivalent except for the remote branch
name: `update --remote` uses the default upstream repository and
`submodule.<name>.branch`, while `git pull` uses the submodule's
`branch.<name>.merge`. Prefer `submodule.<name>.branch` if you want
to distribute the default upstream branch with the superproject and
`branch.<name>.merge` if you want a more native feel while working in
the submodule itself.

-N::
--no-fetch::
This option is only valid for the update command.
Don't fetch new objects from the remote site.

--checkout::
This option is only valid for the update command.
Checkout the commit recorded in the superproject on a detached HEAD
in the submodule. This is the default behavior, the main use of
this option is to override `submodule.$name.update` when set to
a value other than `checkout`.
If the key `submodule.$name.update` is either not explicitly set or
set to `checkout`, this option is implicit.

--merge::
This option is only valid for the update command.
Merge the commit recorded in the superproject into the current branch
of the submodule. If this option is given, the submodule's HEAD will
not be detached. If a merge failure prevents this process, you will
have to resolve the resulting conflicts within the submodule with the
usual conflict resolution tools.
If the key `submodule.$name.update` is set to `merge`, this option is
implicit.

--rebase::
This option is only valid for the update command.
Rebase the current branch onto the commit recorded in the
superproject. If this option is given, the submodule's HEAD will not
be detached. If a merge failure prevents this process, you will have
to resolve these failures with linkgit:git-rebase[1].
If the key `submodule.$name.update` is set to `rebase`, this option is
implicit.

--init::
This option is only valid for the update command.
Initialize all submodules for which "git submodule init" has not been
called so far before updating.

--name::
This option is only valid for the add command. It sets the submodule's
name to the given string instead of defaulting to its path. The name
must be valid as a directory name and may not end with a '/'.

--reference <repository>::
This option is only valid for add and update commands. These
commands sometimes need to clone a remote repository. In this case,
this option will be passed to the linkgit:git-clone[1] command.
+
*NOTE*: Do *not* use this option unless you have read the note
for linkgit:git-clone[1]'s `--reference`, `--shared`, and `--dissociate`
options carefully.

--dissociate::
This option is only valid for add and update commands. These
commands sometimes need to clone a remote repository. In this case,
this option will be passed to the linkgit:git-clone[1] command.
+
*NOTE*: see the NOTE for the `--reference` option.

--recursive::
This option is only valid for foreach, update, status and sync commands.
Traverse submodules recursively. The operation is performed not
only in the submodules of the current repo, but also
in any nested submodules inside those submodules (and so on).

--depth::
This option is valid for add and update commands. Create a 'shallow'
clone with a history truncated to the specified number of revisions.
See linkgit:git-clone[1]

--[no-]recommend-shallow::
This option is only valid for the update command.
The initial clone of a submodule will use the recommended
`submodule.<name>.shallow` as provided by the `.gitmodules` file
by default. To ignore the suggestions use `--no-recommend-shallow`.

-j <n>::
--jobs <n>::
This option is only valid for the update command.
Clone new submodules in parallel with as many jobs.
Defaults to the `submodule.fetchJobs` option.

--[no-]single-branch::
This option is only valid for the update command.
Clone only one branch during update: HEAD or one specified by --branch.

<path>...::
Paths to submodule(s). When specified this will restrict the command
to only operate on the submodules found at the specified paths.
(This argument is required with add).

FILES
-----
When initializing submodules, a `.gitmodules` file in the top-level directory
of the containing repository is used to find the url of each submodule.
This file should be formatted in the same way as `$GIT_DIR/config`. The key
to each submodule url is "submodule.$name.url". See linkgit:gitmodules[5]
for details.

SEE ALSO
--------
linkgit:gitsubmodules[7], linkgit:gitmodules[5].

GIT
---
Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite