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chromium / external / gitster / git-htmldocs / ca8e07cd1946b3cef21a33dedcd5794a1e119cc0 / . / git-blame.html
blob: 01da0c59c1f7a6720a0193fe325942cd4ec9b6af [file] [log] [blame]
Junio C Hamanob96f40a2024-08-01 00:57:25[diff] [blame]1<!DOCTYPE html>
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443<div id="header">
444<h1>git-blame(1) Manual Page</h1>
445<h2 id="_name">NAME</h2>
446<div class="sectionbody">
447<p>git-blame - Show what revision and author last modified each line of a file</p>
448</div>
449</div>
450<div id="content">
451<div class="sect1">
452<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
453<div class="sectionbody">
454<div class="verseblock">
455<pre class="content"><em>git blame</em> [-c] [-b] [-l] [--root] [-t] [-f] [-n] [-s] [-e] [-p] [-w] [--incremental]
456 [-L &lt;range&gt;] [-S &lt;revs-file&gt;] [-M] [-C] [-C] [-C] [--since=&lt;date&gt;]
457 [--ignore-rev &lt;rev&gt;] [--ignore-revs-file &lt;file&gt;]
458 [--color-lines] [--color-by-age] [--progress] [--abbrev=&lt;n&gt;]
459 [ --contents &lt;file&gt; ] [&lt;rev&gt; | --reverse &lt;rev&gt;..&lt;rev&gt;] [--] &lt;file&gt;</pre>
460</div>
461</div>
462</div>
463<div class="sect1">
464<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
465<div class="sectionbody">
466<div class="paragraph">
467<p>Annotates each line in the given file with information from the revision which
468last modified the line. Optionally, start annotating from the given revision.</p>
469</div>
470<div class="paragraph">
471<p>When specified one or more times, <code>-L</code> restricts annotation to the requested
472lines.</p>
473</div>
474<div class="paragraph">
475<p>The origin of lines is automatically followed across whole-file
476renames (currently there is no option to turn the rename-following
477off). To follow lines moved from one file to another, or to follow
478lines that were copied and pasted from another file, etc., see the
479<code>-C</code> and <code>-M</code> options.</p>
480</div>
481<div class="paragraph">
482<p>The report does not tell you anything about lines which have been deleted or
483replaced; you need to use a tool such as <em>git diff</em> or the "pickaxe"
484interface briefly mentioned in the following paragraph.</p>
485</div>
486<div class="paragraph">
487<p>Apart from supporting file annotation, Git also supports searching the
488development history for when a code snippet occurred in a change. This makes it
489possible to track when a code snippet was added to a file, moved or copied
490between files, and eventually deleted or replaced. It works by searching for
491a text string in the diff. A small example of the pickaxe interface
492that searches for <code>blame_usage</code>:</p>
493</div>
494<div class="listingblock">
495<div class="content">
496<pre>$ git log --pretty=oneline -S'blame_usage'
4975040f17eba15504bad66b14a645bddd9b015ebb7 blame -S &lt;ancestry-file&gt;
498ea4c7f9bf69e781dd0cd88d2bccb2bf5cc15c9a7 git-blame: Make the output</pre>
499</div>
500</div>
501</div>
502</div>
503<div class="sect1">
504<h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
505<div class="sectionbody">
506<div class="dlist">
507<dl>
508<dt class="hdlist1">-b</dt>
509<dd>
510<p>Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits. This can also
511be controlled via the <code>blame.blankBoundary</code> config option.</p>
512</dd>
513<dt class="hdlist1">--root</dt>
514<dd>
515<p>Do not treat root commits as boundaries. This can also be
516controlled via the <code>blame.showRoot</code> config option.</p>
517</dd>
518<dt class="hdlist1">--show-stats</dt>
519<dd>
520<p>Include additional statistics at the end of blame output.</p>
521</dd>
522<dt class="hdlist1">-L &lt;start&gt;,&lt;end&gt;</dt>
523<dt class="hdlist1">-L :&lt;funcname&gt;</dt>
524<dd>
525<p>Annotate only the line range given by <em>&lt;start&gt;,&lt;end&gt;</em>,
526or by the function name regex <em>&lt;funcname&gt;</em>.
527May be specified multiple times. Overlapping ranges are allowed.</p>
528<div class="paragraph">
Junio C Hamanodc392382024-10-11 18:57:29[diff] [blame]529<p><em>&lt;start&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;end&gt;</em> are optional. <code>-L</code> <em>&lt;start&gt;</em> or <code>-L</code> <em>&lt;start&gt;</em><code>,</code> spans from
530<em>&lt;start&gt;</em> to end of file. <code>-L</code> <code>,</code><em>&lt;end&gt;</em> spans from start of file to <em>&lt;end&gt;</em>.</p>
Junio C Hamanob96f40a2024-08-01 00:57:25[diff] [blame]531</div>
532<div class="paragraph">
533<p><em>&lt;start&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;end&gt;</em> can take one of these forms:</p>
534</div>
535<div class="ulist">
536<ul>
537<li>
Junio C Hamanoa83f9122025-07-21 21:51:14[diff] [blame]538<p><em>&lt;number&gt;</em></p>
Junio C Hamanob96f40a2024-08-01 00:57:25[diff] [blame]539<div class="paragraph">
540<p>If <em>&lt;start&gt;</em> or <em>&lt;end&gt;</em> is a number, it specifies an
541absolute line number (lines count from 1).</p>
542</div>
543</li>
544<li>
Junio C Hamanoa83f9122025-07-21 21:51:14[diff] [blame]545<p><code>/</code><em>&lt;regex&gt;</em><code>/</code></p>
Junio C Hamanob96f40a2024-08-01 00:57:25[diff] [blame]546<div class="paragraph">
547<p>This form will use the first line matching the given
Junio C Hamanoa83f9122025-07-21 21:51:14[diff] [blame]548POSIX <em>&lt;regex&gt;</em>. If <em>&lt;start&gt;</em> is a regex, it will search from the end of
Junio C Hamanob96f40a2024-08-01 00:57:25[diff] [blame]549the previous <code>-L</code> range, if any, otherwise from the start of file.
Junio C Hamanoa83f9122025-07-21 21:51:14[diff] [blame]550If <em>&lt;start&gt;</em> is <code>^/</code><em>&lt;regex&gt;</em><code>/</code>, it will search from the start of file.
551If <em>&lt;end&gt;</em> is a regex, it will search starting at the line given by
552<em>&lt;start&gt;</em>.</p>
Junio C Hamanob96f40a2024-08-01 00:57:25[diff] [blame]553</div>
554</li>
555<li>
Junio C Hamanoa83f9122025-07-21 21:51:14[diff] [blame]556<p><code>+</code><em>&lt;offset&gt;</em> or <code>-</code><em>&lt;offset&gt;</em></p>
Junio C Hamanob96f40a2024-08-01 00:57:25[diff] [blame]557<div class="paragraph">
558<p>This is only valid for <em>&lt;end&gt;</em> and will specify a number
559of lines before or after the line given by <em>&lt;start&gt;</em>.</p>
560</div>
561</li>
562</ul>
563</div>
564<div class="paragraph">
Junio C Hamanodc392382024-10-11 18:57:29[diff] [blame]565<p>If <code>:</code><em>&lt;funcname&gt;</em> is given in place of <em>&lt;start&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;end&gt;</em>, it is a
Junio C Hamanob96f40a2024-08-01 00:57:25[diff] [blame]566regular expression that denotes the range from the first funcname line
Junio C Hamanodc392382024-10-11 18:57:29[diff] [blame]567that matches <em>&lt;funcname&gt;</em>, up to the next funcname line. <code>:</code><em>&lt;funcname&gt;</em>
Junio C Hamanob96f40a2024-08-01 00:57:25[diff] [blame]568searches from the end of the previous <code>-L</code> range, if any, otherwise
Junio C Hamanodc392382024-10-11 18:57:29[diff] [blame]569from the start of file. <code>^:</code><em>&lt;funcname&gt;</em> searches from the start of
570file. The function names are determined in the same way as <code>git</code> <code>diff</code>
Junio C Hamanob96f40a2024-08-01 00:57:25[diff] [blame]571works out patch hunk headers (see <em>Defining a custom hunk-header</em>
572in <a href="gitattributes.html">gitattributes(5)</a>).</p>
573</div>
574</dd>
575<dt class="hdlist1">-l</dt>
576<dd>
577<p>Show long rev (Default: off).</p>
578</dd>
579<dt class="hdlist1">-t</dt>
580<dd>
581<p>Show raw timestamp (Default: off).</p>
582</dd>
583<dt class="hdlist1">-S &lt;revs-file&gt;</dt>
584<dd>
585<p>Use revisions from revs-file instead of calling <a href="git-rev-list.html">git-rev-list(1)</a>.</p>
586</dd>
587<dt class="hdlist1">--reverse &lt;rev&gt;..&lt;rev&gt;</dt>
588<dd>
589<p>Walk history forward instead of backward. Instead of showing
590the revision in which a line appeared, this shows the last
591revision in which a line has existed. This requires a range of
592revision like START..END where the path to blame exists in
Junio C Hamanodc392382024-10-11 18:57:29[diff] [blame]593START. <code>git</code> <code>blame</code> <code>--reverse</code> <code>START</code> is taken as <code>git</code> <code>blame</code>
594<code>--reverse</code> <code>START</code><code>..</code><code>HEAD</code> for convenience.</p>
Junio C Hamanob96f40a2024-08-01 00:57:25[diff] [blame]595</dd>
596<dt class="hdlist1">--first-parent</dt>
597<dd>
598<p>Follow only the first parent commit upon seeing a merge
599commit. This option can be used to determine when a line
600was introduced to a particular integration branch, rather
601than when it was introduced to the history overall.</p>
602</dd>
603<dt class="hdlist1">-p</dt>
604<dt class="hdlist1">--porcelain</dt>
605<dd>
606<p>Show in a format designed for machine consumption.</p>
607</dd>
608<dt class="hdlist1">--line-porcelain</dt>
609<dd>
610<p>Show the porcelain format, but output commit information for
611each line, not just the first time a commit is referenced.
612Implies --porcelain.</p>
613</dd>
614<dt class="hdlist1">--incremental</dt>
615<dd>
616<p>Show the result incrementally in a format designed for
617machine consumption.</p>
618</dd>
619<dt class="hdlist1">--encoding=&lt;encoding&gt;</dt>
620<dd>
621<p>Specifies the encoding used to output author names
622and commit summaries. Setting it to <code>none</code> makes blame
623output unconverted data. For more information see the
624discussion about encoding in the <a href="git-log.html">git-log(1)</a>
625manual page.</p>
626</dd>
627<dt class="hdlist1">--contents &lt;file&gt;</dt>
628<dd>
629<p>Annotate using the contents from the named file, starting from &lt;rev&gt;
630if it is specified, and HEAD otherwise. You may specify <em>-</em> to make
631the command read from the standard input for the file contents.</p>
632</dd>
633<dt class="hdlist1">--date &lt;format&gt;</dt>
634<dd>
635<p>Specifies the format used to output dates. If --date is not
636provided, the value of the blame.date config variable is
637used. If the blame.date config variable is also not set, the
638iso format is used. For supported values, see the discussion
639of the --date option at <a href="git-log.html">git-log(1)</a>.</p>
640</dd>
641<dt class="hdlist1">--[no-]progress</dt>
642<dd>
643<p>Progress status is reported on the standard error stream
644by default when it is attached to a terminal. This flag
645enables progress reporting even if not attached to a
646terminal. Can&#8217;t use <code>--progress</code> together with <code>--porcelain</code>
647or <code>--incremental</code>.</p>
648</dd>
649<dt class="hdlist1">-M[&lt;num&gt;]</dt>
650<dd>
651<p>Detect moved or copied lines within a file. When a commit
652moves or copies a block of lines (e.g. the original file
653has A and then B, and the commit changes it to B and then
654A), the traditional <em>blame</em> algorithm notices only half of
655the movement and typically blames the lines that were moved
656up (i.e. B) to the parent and assigns blame to the lines that
657were moved down (i.e. A) to the child commit. With this
658option, both groups of lines are blamed on the parent by
659running extra passes of inspection.</p>
660<div class="paragraph">
661<p>&lt;num&gt; is optional but it is the lower bound on the number of
662alphanumeric characters that Git must detect as moving/copying
663within a file for it to associate those lines with the parent
664commit. The default value is 20.</p>
665</div>
666</dd>
667<dt class="hdlist1">-C[&lt;num&gt;]</dt>
668<dd>
669<p>In addition to <code>-M</code>, detect lines moved or copied from other
670files that were modified in the same commit. This is
671useful when you reorganize your program and move code
672around across files. When this option is given twice,
673the command additionally looks for copies from other
674files in the commit that creates the file. When this
675option is given three times, the command additionally
676looks for copies from other files in any commit.</p>
677<div class="paragraph">
678<p>&lt;num&gt; is optional but it is the lower bound on the number of
679alphanumeric characters that Git must detect as moving/copying
680between files for it to associate those lines with the parent
681commit. And the default value is 40. If there are more than one
682<code>-C</code> options given, the &lt;num&gt; argument of the last <code>-C</code> will
683take effect.</p>
684</div>
685</dd>
686<dt class="hdlist1">--ignore-rev &lt;rev&gt;</dt>
687<dd>
688<p>Ignore changes made by the revision when assigning blame, as if the
689change never happened. Lines that were changed or added by an ignored
690commit will be blamed on the previous commit that changed that line or
691nearby lines. This option may be specified multiple times to ignore
692more than one revision. If the <code>blame.markIgnoredLines</code> config option
693is set, then lines that were changed by an ignored commit and attributed to
Junio C Hamanodc392382024-10-11 18:57:29[diff] [blame]694another commit will be marked with a ? in the blame output. If the
Junio C Hamanob96f40a2024-08-01 00:57:25[diff] [blame]695<code>blame.markUnblamableLines</code> config option is set, then those lines touched
696by an ignored commit that we could not attribute to another revision are
Junio C Hamano1ad0ffb2025-04-17 18:55:52[diff] [blame]697marked with a <em>*</em>. In the porcelain modes, we print <em>ignored</em> and
698<em>unblamable</em> on a newline respectively.</p>
Junio C Hamanob96f40a2024-08-01 00:57:25[diff] [blame]699</dd>
700<dt class="hdlist1">--ignore-revs-file &lt;file&gt;</dt>
701<dd>
702<p>Ignore revisions listed in <code>file</code>, which must be in the same format as an
703<code>fsck.skipList</code>. This option may be repeated, and these files will be
704processed after any files specified with the <code>blame.ignoreRevsFile</code> config
Junio C Hamanodc392382024-10-11 18:57:29[diff] [blame]705option. An empty file name, "", will clear the list of revs from
Junio C Hamanob96f40a2024-08-01 00:57:25[diff] [blame]706previously processed files.</p>
707</dd>
708<dt class="hdlist1">--color-lines</dt>
709<dd>
710<p>Color line annotations in the default format differently if they come from
711the same commit as the preceding line. This makes it easier to distinguish
712code blocks introduced by different commits. The color defaults to cyan and
713can be adjusted using the <code>color.blame.repeatedLines</code> config option.</p>
714</dd>
715<dt class="hdlist1">--color-by-age</dt>
716<dd>
717<p>Color line annotations depending on the age of the line in the default format.
718The <code>color.blame.highlightRecent</code> config option controls what color is used for
719each range of age.</p>
720</dd>
721<dt class="hdlist1">-h</dt>
722<dd>
723<p>Show help message.</p>
724</dd>
725<dt class="hdlist1">-c</dt>
726<dd>
727<p>Use the same output mode as <a href="git-annotate.html">git-annotate(1)</a> (Default: off).</p>
728</dd>
729<dt class="hdlist1">--score-debug</dt>
730<dd>
731<p>Include debugging information related to the movement of
732lines between files (see <code>-C</code>) and lines moved within a
733file (see <code>-M</code>). The first number listed is the score.
734This is the number of alphanumeric characters detected
735as having been moved between or within files. This must be above
736a certain threshold for <em>git blame</em> to consider those lines
737of code to have been moved.</p>
738</dd>
739<dt class="hdlist1">-f</dt>
740<dt class="hdlist1">--show-name</dt>
741<dd>
742<p>Show the filename in the original commit. By default
743the filename is shown if there is any line that came from a
744file with a different name, due to rename detection.</p>
745</dd>
746<dt class="hdlist1">-n</dt>
747<dt class="hdlist1">--show-number</dt>
748<dd>
749<p>Show the line number in the original commit (Default: off).</p>
750</dd>
751<dt class="hdlist1">-s</dt>
752<dd>
753<p>Suppress the author name and timestamp from the output.</p>
754</dd>
755<dt class="hdlist1">-e</dt>
756<dt class="hdlist1">--show-email</dt>
757<dd>
758<p>Show the author email instead of the author name (Default: off).
759This can also be controlled via the <code>blame.showEmail</code> config
760option.</p>
761</dd>
762<dt class="hdlist1">-w</dt>
763<dd>
764<p>Ignore whitespace when comparing the parent&#8217;s version and
765the child&#8217;s to find where the lines came from.</p>
766</dd>
767<dt class="hdlist1">--abbrev=&lt;n&gt;</dt>
768<dd>
769<p>Instead of using the default 7+1 hexadecimal digits as the
770abbreviated object name, use &lt;m&gt;+1 digits, where &lt;m&gt; is at
771least &lt;n&gt; but ensures the commit object names are unique.
772Note that 1 column
773is used for a caret to mark the boundary commit.</p>
774</dd>
775</dl>
776</div>
777</div>
778</div>
779<div class="sect1">
780<h2 id="_the_default_format">THE DEFAULT FORMAT</h2>
781<div class="sectionbody">
782<div class="paragraph">
783<p>When neither <code>--porcelain</code> nor <code>--incremental</code> option is specified,
Junio C Hamanodc392382024-10-11 18:57:29[diff] [blame]784<code>git</code> <code>blame</code> will output annotation for each line with:</p>
Junio C Hamanob96f40a2024-08-01 00:57:25[diff] [blame]785</div>
786<div class="ulist">
787<ul>
788<li>
789<p>abbreviated object name for the commit the line came from;</p>
790</li>
791<li>
792<p>author ident (by default the author name and date, unless <code>-s</code> or <code>-e</code>
793is specified); and</p>
794</li>
795<li>
796<p>line number</p>
797</li>
798</ul>
799</div>
800<div class="paragraph">
801<p>before the line contents.</p>
802</div>
803</div>
804</div>
805<div class="sect1">
806<h2 id="_the_porcelain_format">THE PORCELAIN FORMAT</h2>
807<div class="sectionbody">
808<div class="paragraph">
809<p>In this format, each line is output after a header; the
810header at the minimum has the first line which has:</p>
811</div>
812<div class="ulist">
813<ul>
814<li>
815<p>40-byte SHA-1 of the commit the line is attributed to;</p>
816</li>
817<li>
818<p>the line number of the line in the original file;</p>
819</li>
820<li>
821<p>the line number of the line in the final file;</p>
822</li>
823<li>
824<p>on a line that starts a group of lines from a different
825commit than the previous one, the number of lines in this
826group. On subsequent lines this field is absent.</p>
827</li>
828</ul>
829</div>
830<div class="paragraph">
831<p>This header line is followed by the following information
832at least once for each commit:</p>
833</div>
834<div class="ulist">
835<ul>
836<li>
837<p>the author name ("author"), email ("author-mail"), time
838("author-time"), and time zone ("author-tz"); similarly
839for committer.</p>
840</li>
841<li>
842<p>the filename in the commit that the line is attributed to.</p>
843</li>
844<li>
845<p>the first line of the commit log message ("summary").</p>
846</li>
847</ul>
848</div>
849<div class="paragraph">
850<p>The contents of the actual line are output after the above
851header, prefixed by a TAB. This is to allow adding more
852header elements later.</p>
853</div>
854<div class="paragraph">
855<p>The porcelain format generally suppresses commit information that has
856already been seen. For example, two lines that are blamed to the same
857commit will both be shown, but the details for that commit will be shown
Junio C Hamano1ad0ffb2025-04-17 18:55:52[diff] [blame]858only once. Information which is specific to individual lines will not be
859grouped together, like revs to be marked <em>ignored</em> or <em>unblamable</em>. This
860is more efficient, but may require more state be kept by the reader. The
861<code>--line-porcelain</code> option can be used to output full commit information
862for each line, allowing simpler (but less efficient) usage like:</p>
Junio C Hamanob96f40a2024-08-01 00:57:25[diff] [blame]863</div>
864<div class="literalblock">
865<div class="content">
866<pre># count the number of lines attributed to each author
867git blame --line-porcelain file |
868sed -n 's/^author //p' |
869sort | uniq -c | sort -rn</pre>
870</div>
871</div>
872</div>
873</div>
874<div class="sect1">
875<h2 id="_specifying_ranges">SPECIFYING RANGES</h2>
876<div class="sectionbody">
877<div class="paragraph">
878<p>Unlike <em>git blame</em> and <em>git annotate</em> in older versions of git, the extent
879of the annotation can be limited to both line ranges and revision
880ranges. The <code>-L</code> option, which limits annotation to a range of lines, may be
881specified multiple times.</p>
882</div>
883<div class="paragraph">
884<p>When you are interested in finding the origin for
885lines 40-60 for file <code>foo</code>, you can use the <code>-L</code> option like so
886(they mean the same thing&#8201;&#8212;&#8201;both ask for 21 lines starting at
887line 40):</p>
888</div>
889<div class="literalblock">
890<div class="content">
891<pre>git blame -L 40,60 foo
892git blame -L 40,+21 foo</pre>
893</div>
894</div>
895<div class="paragraph">
896<p>Also you can use a regular expression to specify the line range:</p>
897</div>
898<div class="literalblock">
899<div class="content">
900<pre>git blame -L '/^sub hello {/,/^}$/' foo</pre>
901</div>
902</div>
903<div class="paragraph">
904<p>which limits the annotation to the body of the <code>hello</code> subroutine.</p>
905</div>
906<div class="paragraph">
907<p>When you are not interested in changes older than version
908v2.6.18, or changes older than 3 weeks, you can use revision
909range specifiers similar to <em>git rev-list</em>:</p>
910</div>
911<div class="literalblock">
912<div class="content">
913<pre>git blame v2.6.18.. -- foo
914git blame --since=3.weeks -- foo</pre>
915</div>
916</div>
917<div class="paragraph">
918<p>When revision range specifiers are used to limit the annotation,
919lines that have not changed since the range boundary (either the
920commit v2.6.18 or the most recent commit that is more than 3
921weeks old in the above example) are blamed for that range
922boundary commit.</p>
923</div>
924<div class="paragraph">
925<p>A particularly useful way is to see if an added file has lines
926created by copy-and-paste from existing files. Sometimes this
927indicates that the developer was being sloppy and did not
928refactor the code properly. You can first find the commit that
929introduced the file with:</p>
930</div>
931<div class="literalblock">
932<div class="content">
933<pre>git log --diff-filter=A --pretty=short -- foo</pre>
934</div>
935</div>
936<div class="paragraph">
937<p>and then annotate the change between the commit and its
Junio C Hamanodc392382024-10-11 18:57:29[diff] [blame]938parents, using <code>commit^</code>! notation:</p>
Junio C Hamanob96f40a2024-08-01 00:57:25[diff] [blame]939</div>
940<div class="literalblock">
941<div class="content">
942<pre>git blame -C -C -f $commit^! -- foo</pre>
943</div>
944</div>
945</div>
946</div>
947<div class="sect1">
948<h2 id="_incremental_output">INCREMENTAL OUTPUT</h2>
949<div class="sectionbody">
950<div class="paragraph">
951<p>When called with <code>--incremental</code> option, the command outputs the
952result as it is built. The output generally will talk about
953lines touched by more recent commits first (i.e. the lines will
954be annotated out of order) and is meant to be used by
955interactive viewers.</p>
956</div>
957<div class="paragraph">
958<p>The output format is similar to the Porcelain format, but it
959does not contain the actual lines from the file that is being
960annotated.</p>
961</div>
962<div class="olist arabic">
963<ol class="arabic">
964<li>
965<p>Each blame entry always starts with a line of:</p>
966<div class="literalblock">
967<div class="content">
968<pre>&lt;40-byte-hex-sha1&gt; &lt;sourceline&gt; &lt;resultline&gt; &lt;num-lines&gt;</pre>
969</div>
970</div>
971<div class="paragraph">
972<p>Line numbers count from 1.</p>
973</div>
974</li>
975<li>
976<p>The first time that a commit shows up in the stream, it has various
977other information about it printed out with a one-word tag at the
978beginning of each line describing the extra commit information (author,
979email, committer, dates, summary, etc.).</p>
980</li>
981<li>
982<p>Unlike the Porcelain format, the filename information is always
983given and terminates the entry:</p>
984<div class="literalblock">
985<div class="content">
986<pre>"filename" &lt;whitespace-quoted-filename-goes-here&gt;</pre>
987</div>
988</div>
989<div class="paragraph">
990<p>and thus it is really quite easy to parse for some line- and word-oriented
991parser (which should be quite natural for most scripting languages).</p>
992</div>
993<div class="admonitionblock note">
994<table>
995<tr>
996<td class="icon">
997<div class="title">Note</div>
998</td>
999<td class="content">
1000For people who do parsing: to make it more robust, just ignore any
1001lines between the first and last one ("&lt;sha1&gt;" and "filename" lines)
1002where you do not recognize the tag words (or care about that particular
1003one) at the beginning of the "extended information" lines. That way, if
1004there is ever added information (like the commit encoding or extended
1005commit commentary), a blame viewer will not care.
1006</td>
1007</tr>
1008</table>
1009</div>
1010</li>
1011</ol>
1012</div>
1013</div>
1014</div>
1015<div class="sect1">
1016<h2 id="_mapping_authors">MAPPING AUTHORS</h2>
1017<div class="sectionbody">
1018<div class="paragraph">
1019<p>See <a href="gitmailmap.html">gitmailmap(5)</a>.</p>
1020</div>
1021</div>
1022</div>
1023<div class="sect1">
1024<h2 id="_configuration">CONFIGURATION</h2>
1025<div class="sectionbody">
1026<div class="paragraph">
1027<p>Everything below this line in this section is selectively included
1028from the <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a> documentation. The content is the same
1029as what&#8217;s found there:</p>
1030</div>
1031<div class="dlist">
1032<dl>
1033<dt class="hdlist1">blame.blankBoundary</dt>
1034<dd>
1035<p>Show blank commit object name for boundary commits in
1036<a href="git-blame.html">git-blame(1)</a>. This option defaults to false.</p>
1037</dd>
1038<dt class="hdlist1">blame.coloring</dt>
1039<dd>
1040<p>This determines the coloring scheme to be applied to blame
1041output. It can be <em>repeatedLines</em>, <em>highlightRecent</em>,
1042or <em>none</em> which is the default.</p>
1043</dd>
1044<dt class="hdlist1">blame.date</dt>
1045<dd>
1046<p>Specifies the format used to output dates in <a href="git-blame.html">git-blame(1)</a>.
1047If unset the iso format is used. For supported values,
1048see the discussion of the <code>--date</code> option at <a href="git-log.html">git-log(1)</a>.</p>
1049</dd>
1050<dt class="hdlist1">blame.showEmail</dt>
1051<dd>
1052<p>Show the author email instead of author name in <a href="git-blame.html">git-blame(1)</a>.
1053This option defaults to false.</p>
1054</dd>
1055<dt class="hdlist1">blame.showRoot</dt>
1056<dd>
1057<p>Do not treat root commits as boundaries in <a href="git-blame.html">git-blame(1)</a>.
1058This option defaults to false.</p>
1059</dd>
1060<dt class="hdlist1">blame.ignoreRevsFile</dt>
1061<dd>
1062<p>Ignore revisions listed in the file, one unabbreviated object name per
1063line, in <a href="git-blame.html">git-blame(1)</a>. Whitespace and comments beginning with
Junio C Hamanodc392382024-10-11 18:57:29[diff] [blame]1064# are ignored. This option may be repeated multiple times. Empty
Junio C Hamanob96f40a2024-08-01 00:57:25[diff] [blame]1065file names will reset the list of ignored revisions. This option will
1066be handled before the command line option <code>--ignore-revs-file</code>.</p>
1067</dd>
1068<dt class="hdlist1">blame.markUnblamableLines</dt>
1069<dd>
1070<p>Mark lines that were changed by an ignored revision that we could not
1071attribute to another commit with a <em>*</em> in the output of
1072<a href="git-blame.html">git-blame(1)</a>.</p>
1073</dd>
1074<dt class="hdlist1">blame.markIgnoredLines</dt>
1075<dd>
1076<p>Mark lines that were changed by an ignored revision that we attributed to
1077another commit with a <em>?</em> in the output of <a href="git-blame.html">git-blame(1)</a>.</p>
1078</dd>
1079</dl>
1080</div>
1081</div>
1082</div>
1083<div class="sect1">
1084<h2 id="_see_also">SEE ALSO</h2>
1085<div class="sectionbody">
1086<div class="paragraph">
1087<p><a href="git-annotate.html">git-annotate(1)</a></p>
1088</div>
1089</div>
1090</div>
1091<div class="sect1">
1092<h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
1093<div class="sectionbody">
1094<div class="paragraph">
1095<p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p>
1096</div>
1097</div>
1098</div>
1099</div>
1100<div id="footer">
1101<div id="footer-text">
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