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chromium / external / gitster / git-htmldocs / b96f40a0cb74a86e910bb0f415c4df5182ea5ccf / . / git-apply.html
blob: 6e9c9b744d3266e99cd593bf38fa8077d5e98104 [file] [log] [blame]
Junio C Hamanob96f40a2024-08-01 00:57:25[diff] [blame^]1<!DOCTYPE html>
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442<div id="header">
443<h1>git-apply(1) Manual Page</h1>
444<h2 id="_name">NAME</h2>
445<div class="sectionbody">
446<p>git-apply - Apply a patch to files and/or to the index</p>
447</div>
448</div>
449<div id="content">
450<div class="sect1">
451<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
452<div class="sectionbody">
453<div class="verseblock">
454<pre class="content"><em>git apply</em> [--stat] [--numstat] [--summary] [--check] [--index | --intent-to-add] [--3way]
455 [--apply] [--no-add] [--build-fake-ancestor=&lt;file&gt;] [-R | --reverse]
456 [--allow-binary-replacement | --binary] [--reject] [-z]
457 [-p&lt;n&gt;] [-C&lt;n&gt;] [--inaccurate-eof] [--recount] [--cached]
458 [--ignore-space-change | --ignore-whitespace]
459 [--whitespace=(nowarn|warn|fix|error|error-all)]
460 [--exclude=&lt;path&gt;] [--include=&lt;path&gt;] [--directory=&lt;root&gt;]
461 [--verbose | --quiet] [--unsafe-paths] [--allow-empty] [&lt;patch&gt;&#8230;&#8203;]</pre>
462</div>
463</div>
464</div>
465<div class="sect1">
466<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
467<div class="sectionbody">
468<div class="paragraph">
469<p>Reads the supplied diff output (i.e. "a patch") and applies it to files.
470When running from a subdirectory in a repository, patched paths
471outside the directory are ignored.
472With the <code>--index</code> option, the patch is also applied to the index, and
473with the <code>--cached</code> option, the patch is only applied to the index.
474Without these options, the command applies the patch only to files,
475and does not require them to be in a Git repository.</p>
476</div>
477<div class="paragraph">
478<p>This command applies the patch but does not create a commit. Use
479<a href="git-am.html">git-am(1)</a> to create commits from patches generated by
480<a href="git-format-patch.html">git-format-patch(1)</a> and/or received by email.</p>
481</div>
482</div>
483</div>
484<div class="sect1">
485<h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
486<div class="sectionbody">
487<div class="dlist">
488<dl>
489<dt class="hdlist1">&lt;patch&gt;&#8230;&#8203;</dt>
490<dd>
491<p>The files to read the patch from. <em>-</em> can be used to read
492from the standard input.</p>
493</dd>
494<dt class="hdlist1">--stat</dt>
495<dd>
496<p>Instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the
497input. Turns off "apply".</p>
498</dd>
499<dt class="hdlist1">--numstat</dt>
500<dd>
501<p>Similar to <code>--stat</code>, but shows the number of added and
502deleted lines in decimal notation and the pathname without
503abbreviation, to make it more machine friendly. For
504binary files, outputs two <code>-</code> instead of saying
505<code>0 0</code>. Turns off "apply".</p>
506</dd>
507<dt class="hdlist1">--summary</dt>
508<dd>
509<p>Instead of applying the patch, output a condensed
510summary of information obtained from git diff extended
511headers, such as creations, renames, and mode changes.
512Turns off "apply".</p>
513</dd>
514<dt class="hdlist1">--check</dt>
515<dd>
516<p>Instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is
517applicable to the current working tree and/or the index
518file and detects errors. Turns off "apply".</p>
519</dd>
520<dt class="hdlist1">--index</dt>
521<dd>
522<p>Apply the patch to both the index and the working tree (or
523merely check that it would apply cleanly to both if <code>--check</code> is
524in effect). Note that <code>--index</code> expects index entries and
525working tree copies for relevant paths to be identical (their
526contents and metadata such as file mode must match), and will
527raise an error if they are not, even if the patch would apply
528cleanly to both the index and the working tree in isolation.</p>
529</dd>
530<dt class="hdlist1">--cached</dt>
531<dd>
532<p>Apply the patch to just the index, without touching the working
533tree. If <code>--check</code> is in effect, merely check that it would
534apply cleanly to the index entry.</p>
535</dd>
536<dt class="hdlist1">--intent-to-add</dt>
537<dd>
538<p>When applying the patch only to the working tree, mark new
539files to be added to the index later (see <code>--intent-to-add</code>
540option in <a href="git-add.html">git-add(1)</a>). This option is ignored unless
541running in a Git repository and <code>--index</code> is not specified.
542Note that <code>--index</code> could be implied by other options such
543as <code>--cached</code> or <code>--3way</code>.</p>
544</dd>
545<dt class="hdlist1">-3</dt>
546<dt class="hdlist1">--3way</dt>
547<dd>
548<p>Attempt 3-way merge if the patch records the identity of blobs it is supposed
549to apply to and we have those blobs available locally, possibly leaving the
550conflict markers in the files in the working tree for the user to
551resolve. This option implies the <code>--index</code> option unless the
552<code>--cached</code> option is used, and is incompatible with the <code>--reject</code> option.
553When used with the <code>--cached</code> option, any conflicts are left at higher stages
554in the cache.</p>
555</dd>
556<dt class="hdlist1">--build-fake-ancestor=&lt;file&gt;</dt>
557<dd>
558<p>Newer <em>git diff</em> output has embedded <em>index information</em>
559for each blob to help identify the original version that
560the patch applies to. When this flag is given, and if
561the original versions of the blobs are available locally,
562builds a temporary index containing those blobs.</p>
563<div class="paragraph">
564<p>When a pure mode change is encountered (which has no index information),
565the information is read from the current index instead.</p>
566</div>
567</dd>
568<dt class="hdlist1">-R</dt>
569<dt class="hdlist1">--reverse</dt>
570<dd>
571<p>Apply the patch in reverse.</p>
572</dd>
573<dt class="hdlist1">--reject</dt>
574<dd>
575<p>For atomicity, <em>git apply</em> by default fails the whole patch and
576does not touch the working tree when some of the hunks
577do not apply. This option makes it apply
578the parts of the patch that are applicable, and leave the
579rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files.</p>
580</dd>
581<dt class="hdlist1">-z</dt>
582<dd>
583<p>When <code>--numstat</code> has been given, do not munge pathnames,
584but use a NUL-terminated machine-readable format.</p>
585<div class="paragraph">
586<p>Without this option, pathnames with "unusual" characters are quoted as
587explained for the configuration variable <code>core.quotePath</code> (see
588<a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>).</p>
589</div>
590</dd>
591<dt class="hdlist1">-p&lt;n&gt;</dt>
592<dd>
593<p>Remove &lt;n&gt; leading path components (separated by slashes) from
594traditional diff paths. E.g., with <code>-p2</code>, a patch against
595<code>a/dir/file</code> will be applied directly to <code>file</code>. The default is
5961.</p>
597</dd>
598<dt class="hdlist1">-C&lt;n&gt;</dt>
599<dd>
600<p>Ensure at least &lt;n&gt; lines of surrounding context match before
601and after each change. When fewer lines of surrounding
602context exist they all must match. By default no context is
603ever ignored.</p>
604</dd>
605<dt class="hdlist1">--unidiff-zero</dt>
606<dd>
607<p>By default, <em>git apply</em> expects that the patch being
608applied is a unified diff with at least one line of context.
609This provides good safety measures, but breaks down when
610applying a diff generated with <code>--unified=0</code>. To bypass these
611checks use <code>--unidiff-zero</code>.</p>
612<div class="paragraph">
613<p>Note, for the reasons stated above, the usage of context-free patches is
614discouraged.</p>
615</div>
616</dd>
617<dt class="hdlist1">--apply</dt>
618<dd>
619<p>If you use any of the options marked "Turns off
620<em>apply</em>" above, <em>git apply</em> reads and outputs the
621requested information without actually applying the
622patch. Give this flag after those flags to also apply
623the patch.</p>
624</dd>
625<dt class="hdlist1">--no-add</dt>
626<dd>
627<p>When applying a patch, ignore additions made by the
628patch. This can be used to extract the common part between
629two files by first running <em>diff</em> on them and applying
630the result with this option, which would apply the
631deletion part but not the addition part.</p>
632</dd>
633<dt class="hdlist1">--allow-binary-replacement</dt>
634<dt class="hdlist1">--binary</dt>
635<dd>
636<p>Historically we did not allow binary patch application
637without an explicit permission from the user, and this
638flag was the way to do so. Currently, we always allow binary
639patch application, so this is a no-op.</p>
640</dd>
641<dt class="hdlist1">--exclude=&lt;path-pattern&gt;</dt>
642<dd>
643<p>Don&#8217;t apply changes to files matching the given path pattern. This can
644be useful when importing patchsets, where you want to exclude certain
645files or directories.</p>
646</dd>
647<dt class="hdlist1">--include=&lt;path-pattern&gt;</dt>
648<dd>
649<p>Apply changes to files matching the given path pattern. This can
650be useful when importing patchsets, where you want to include certain
651files or directories.</p>
652<div class="paragraph">
653<p>When <code>--exclude</code> and <code>--include</code> patterns are used, they are examined in the
654order they appear on the command line, and the first match determines if a
655patch to each path is used. A patch to a path that does not match any
656include/exclude pattern is used by default if there is no include pattern
657on the command line, and ignored if there is any include pattern.</p>
658</div>
659</dd>
660<dt class="hdlist1">--ignore-space-change</dt>
661<dt class="hdlist1">--ignore-whitespace</dt>
662<dd>
663<p>When applying a patch, ignore changes in whitespace in context
664lines if necessary.
665Context lines will preserve their whitespace, and they will not
666undergo whitespace fixing regardless of the value of the
667<code>--whitespace</code> option. New lines will still be fixed, though.</p>
668</dd>
669<dt class="hdlist1">--whitespace=&lt;action&gt;</dt>
670<dd>
671<p>When applying a patch, detect a new or modified line that has
672whitespace errors. What are considered whitespace errors is
673controlled by <code>core.whitespace</code> configuration. By default,
674trailing whitespaces (including lines that solely consist of
675whitespaces) and a space character that is immediately followed
676by a tab character inside the initial indent of the line are
677considered whitespace errors.</p>
678<div class="paragraph">
679<p>By default, the command outputs warning messages but applies the patch.
680When <code>git-apply</code> is used for statistics and not applying a
681patch, it defaults to <code>nowarn</code>.</p>
682</div>
683<div class="paragraph">
684<p>You can use different <code>&lt;action&gt;</code> values to control this
685behavior:</p>
686</div>
687<div class="ulist">
688<ul>
689<li>
690<p><code>nowarn</code> turns off the trailing whitespace warning.</p>
691</li>
692<li>
693<p><code>warn</code> outputs warnings for a few such errors, but applies the
694patch as-is (default).</p>
695</li>
696<li>
697<p><code>fix</code> outputs warnings for a few such errors, and applies the
698patch after fixing them (<code>strip</code> is a synonym&#8201;&#8212;&#8201;the tool
699used to consider only trailing whitespace characters as errors, and the
700fix involved <em>stripping</em> them, but modern Gits do more).</p>
701</li>
702<li>
703<p><code>error</code> outputs warnings for a few such errors, and refuses
704to apply the patch.</p>
705</li>
706<li>
707<p><code>error-all</code> is similar to <code>error</code> but shows all errors.</p>
708</li>
709</ul>
710</div>
711</dd>
712<dt class="hdlist1">--inaccurate-eof</dt>
713<dd>
714<p>Under certain circumstances, some versions of <em>diff</em> do not correctly
715detect a missing new-line at the end of the file. As a result, patches
716created by such <em>diff</em> programs do not record incomplete lines
717correctly. This option adds support for applying such patches by
718working around this bug.</p>
719</dd>
720<dt class="hdlist1">-v</dt>
721<dt class="hdlist1">--verbose</dt>
722<dd>
723<p>Report progress to stderr. By default, only a message about the
724current patch being applied will be printed. This option will cause
725additional information to be reported.</p>
726</dd>
727<dt class="hdlist1">-q</dt>
728<dt class="hdlist1">--quiet</dt>
729<dd>
730<p>Suppress stderr output. Messages about patch status and progress
731will not be printed.</p>
732</dd>
733<dt class="hdlist1">--recount</dt>
734<dd>
735<p>Do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers, but infer them
736by inspecting the patch (e.g. after editing the patch without
737adjusting the hunk headers appropriately).</p>
738</dd>
739<dt class="hdlist1">--directory=&lt;root&gt;</dt>
740<dd>
741<p>Prepend &lt;root&gt; to all filenames. If a "-p" argument was also passed,
742it is applied before prepending the new root.</p>
743<div class="paragraph">
744<p>For example, a patch that talks about updating <code>a/git-gui.sh</code> to <code>b/git-gui.sh</code>
745can be applied to the file in the working tree <code>modules/git-gui/git-gui.sh</code> by
746running <code>git apply --directory=modules/git-gui</code>.</p>
747</div>
748</dd>
749<dt class="hdlist1">--unsafe-paths</dt>
750<dd>
751<p>By default, a patch that affects outside the working area
752(either a Git controlled working tree, or the current working
753directory when "git apply" is used as a replacement of GNU
754patch) is rejected as a mistake (or a mischief).</p>
755<div class="paragraph">
756<p>When <code>git apply</code> is used as a "better GNU patch", the user can pass
757the <code>--unsafe-paths</code> option to override this safety check. This option
758has no effect when <code>--index</code> or <code>--cached</code> is in use.</p>
759</div>
760</dd>
761<dt class="hdlist1">--allow-empty</dt>
762<dd>
763<p>Don&#8217;t return an error for patches containing no diff. This includes
764empty patches and patches with commit text only.</p>
765</dd>
766</dl>
767</div>
768</div>
769</div>
770<div class="sect1">
771<h2 id="_configuration">CONFIGURATION</h2>
772<div class="sectionbody">
773<div class="paragraph">
774<p>Everything below this line in this section is selectively included
775from the <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a> documentation. The content is the same
776as what&#8217;s found there:</p>
777</div>
778<div class="dlist">
779<dl>
780<dt class="hdlist1">apply.ignoreWhitespace</dt>
781<dd>
782<p>When set to <em>change</em>, tells <em>git apply</em> to ignore changes in
783whitespace, in the same way as the <code>--ignore-space-change</code>
784option.
785When set to one of: no, none, never, false, it tells <em>git apply</em> to
786respect all whitespace differences.
787See <a href="git-apply.html">git-apply(1)</a>.</p>
788</dd>
789<dt class="hdlist1">apply.whitespace</dt>
790<dd>
791<p>Tells <em>git apply</em> how to handle whitespace, in the same way
792as the <code>--whitespace</code> option. See <a href="git-apply.html">git-apply(1)</a>.</p>
793</dd>
794</dl>
795</div>
796</div>
797</div>
798<div class="sect1">
799<h2 id="_submodules">SUBMODULES</h2>
800<div class="sectionbody">
801<div class="paragraph">
802<p>If the patch contains any changes to submodules then <em>git apply</em>
803treats these changes as follows.</p>
804</div>
805<div class="paragraph">
806<p>If <code>--index</code> is specified (explicitly or implicitly), then the submodule
807commits must match the index exactly for the patch to apply. If any
808of the submodules are checked-out, then these check-outs are completely
809ignored, i.e., they are not required to be up to date or clean and they
810are not updated.</p>
811</div>
812<div class="paragraph">
813<p>If <code>--index</code> is not specified, then the submodule commits in the patch
814are ignored and only the absence or presence of the corresponding
815subdirectory is checked and (if possible) updated.</p>
816</div>
817</div>
818</div>
819<div class="sect1">
820<h2 id="_see_also">SEE ALSO</h2>
821<div class="sectionbody">
822<div class="paragraph">
823<p><a href="git-am.html">git-am(1)</a>.</p>
824</div>
825</div>
826</div>
827<div class="sect1">
828<h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
829<div class="sectionbody">
830<div class="paragraph">
831<p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p>
832</div>
833</div>
834</div>
835</div>
836<div id="footer">
837<div id="footer-text">
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