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chromium / external / gitster / git-htmldocs / ac53020a437dd8086a64cf7d6c673e0a8f5a119c / . / gitignore.html
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Junio C Hamano2e6ded82010-12-05 06:20:48[diff] [blame]6<meta name="generator" content="AsciiDoc 8.4.5" />
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Junio C Hamano679d22d2007-06-02 21:13:44[diff] [blame]401</style>
Junio C Hamano679d22d2007-06-02 21:13:44[diff] [blame]402</head>
403<body>
404<div id="header">
405<h1>
406gitignore(5) Manual Page
407</h1>
408<h2>NAME</h2>
409<div class="sectionbody">
410<p>gitignore -
411 Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore
412</p>
413</div>
414</div>
Junio C Hamano2e6ded82010-12-05 06:20:48[diff] [blame]415<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
Junio C Hamano679d22d2007-06-02 21:13:44[diff] [blame]416<div class="sectionbody">
Junio C Hamano2e6ded82010-12-05 06:20:48[diff] [blame]417<div class="paragraph"><p>$GIT_DIR/info/exclude, .gitignore</p></div>
Junio C Hamano679d22d2007-06-02 21:13:44[diff] [blame]418</div>
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]419<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
Junio C Hamano679d22d2007-06-02 21:13:44[diff] [blame]420<div class="sectionbody">
Junio C Hamano2e6ded82010-12-05 06:20:48[diff] [blame]421<div class="paragraph"><p>A <tt>gitignore</tt> file specifies intentionally untracked files that
Junio C Hamano915cd9b2008-07-20 01:24:17[diff] [blame]422git should ignore.
Junio C Hamano2e6ded82010-12-05 06:20:48[diff] [blame]423Files already tracked by git are not affected; see the NOTES
424below for details.</p></div>
425<div class="paragraph"><p>Each line in a <tt>gitignore</tt> file specifies a pattern.
Junio C Hamano915cd9b2008-07-20 01:24:17[diff] [blame]426When deciding whether to ignore a path, git normally checks
Junio C Hamano679d22d2007-06-02 21:13:44[diff] [blame]427<tt>gitignore</tt> patterns from multiple sources, with the following
Junio C Hamanode9879a2007-07-22 09:33:42[diff] [blame]428order of precedence, from highest to lowest (within one level of
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]429precedence, the last matching pattern decides the outcome):</p></div>
Junio C Hamano2e6ded82010-12-05 06:20:48[diff] [blame]430<div class="ulist"><ul>
Junio C Hamano679d22d2007-06-02 21:13:44[diff] [blame]431<li>
432<p>
Junio C Hamanode9879a2007-07-22 09:33:42[diff] [blame]433Patterns read from the command line for those commands that support
434 them.
435</p>
436</li>
437<li>
438<p>
439Patterns read from a <tt>.gitignore</tt> file in the same directory
440 as the path, or in any parent directory, with patterns in the
Junio C Hamanob4a9ede2009-04-08 07:36:32[diff] [blame]441 higher level files (up to the toplevel of the work tree) being overridden
442 by those in lower level files down to the directory containing the file.
Junio C Hamanode9879a2007-07-22 09:33:42[diff] [blame]443 These patterns match relative to the location of the
444 <tt>.gitignore</tt> file. A project normally includes such
445 <tt>.gitignore</tt> files in its repository, containing patterns for
446 files generated as part of the project build.
Junio C Hamano679d22d2007-06-02 21:13:44[diff] [blame]447</p>
448</li>
449<li>
450<p>
451Patterns read from <tt>$GIT_DIR/info/exclude</tt>.
452</p>
453</li>
454<li>
455<p>
Junio C Hamanode9879a2007-07-22 09:33:42[diff] [blame]456Patterns read from the file specified by the configuration
457 variable <em>core.excludesfile</em>.
Junio C Hamano679d22d2007-06-02 21:13:44[diff] [blame]458</p>
459</li>
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]460</ul></div>
Junio C Hamano2e6ded82010-12-05 06:20:48[diff] [blame]461<div class="paragraph"><p>Which file to place a pattern in depends on how the pattern is meant to
Junio C Hamano99dc24a2008-03-27 23:49:50[diff] [blame]462be used. Patterns which should be version-controlled and distributed to
463other repositories via clone (i.e., files that all developers will want
464to ignore) should go into a <tt>.gitignore</tt> file. Patterns which are
465specific to a particular repository but which do not need to be shared
466with other related repositories (e.g., auxiliary files that live inside
Junio C Hamano2e6ded82010-12-05 06:20:48[diff] [blame]467the repository but are specific to one user&#8217;s workflow) should go into
Junio C Hamano99dc24a2008-03-27 23:49:50[diff] [blame]468the <tt>$GIT_DIR/info/exclude</tt> file. Patterns which a user wants git to
469ignore in all situations (e.g., backup or temporary files generated by
Junio C Hamano2e6ded82010-12-05 06:20:48[diff] [blame]470the user&#8217;s editor of choice) generally go into a file specified by
471<tt>core.excludesfile</tt> in the user&#8217;s <tt>~/.gitconfig</tt>.</p></div>
472<div class="paragraph"><p>The underlying git plumbing tools, such as
Junio C Hamano1aa40d22010-01-21 17:46:43[diff] [blame]473<em>git ls-files</em> and <em>git read-tree</em>, read
Junio C Hamano679d22d2007-06-02 21:13:44[diff] [blame]474<tt>gitignore</tt> patterns specified by command-line options, or from
475files specified by command-line options. Higher-level git
Junio C Hamano1aa40d22010-01-21 17:46:43[diff] [blame]476tools, such as <em>git status</em> and <em>git add</em>,
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]477use patterns from the sources specified above.</p></div>
Junio C Hamano2e6ded82010-12-05 06:20:48[diff] [blame]478</div>
479<h2 id="_pattern_format">PATTERN FORMAT</h2>
480<div class="sectionbody">
481<div class="ulist"><ul>
Junio C Hamano679d22d2007-06-02 21:13:44[diff] [blame]482<li>
483<p>
484A blank line matches no files, so it can serve as a separator
485 for readability.
486</p>
487</li>
488<li>
489<p>
490A line starting with # serves as a comment.
491</p>
492</li>
493<li>
494<p>
495An optional prefix <em>!</em> which negates the pattern; any
496 matching file excluded by a previous pattern will become
Junio C Hamanode9879a2007-07-22 09:33:42[diff] [blame]497 included again. If a negated pattern matches, this will
498 override lower precedence patterns sources.
Junio C Hamano679d22d2007-06-02 21:13:44[diff] [blame]499</p>
500</li>
501<li>
502<p>
Junio C Hamano26e590a2008-02-17 03:53:51[diff] [blame]503If the pattern ends with a slash, it is removed for the
504 purpose of the following description, but it would only find
505 a match with a directory. In other words, <tt>foo/</tt> will match a
506 directory <tt>foo</tt> and paths underneath it, but will not match a
507 regular file or a symbolic link <tt>foo</tt> (this is consistent
508 with the way how pathspec works in general in git).
509</p>
510</li>
511<li>
512<p>
Junio C Hamano679d22d2007-06-02 21:13:44[diff] [blame]513If the pattern does not contain a slash <em>/</em>, git treats it as
514 a shell glob pattern and checks for a match against the
Junio C Hamanoa574a092010-06-13 19:57:10[diff] [blame]515 pathname relative to the location of the <tt>.gitignore</tt> file
516 (relative to the toplevel of the work tree if not from a
517 <tt>.gitignore</tt> file).
Junio C Hamano679d22d2007-06-02 21:13:44[diff] [blame]518</p>
519</li>
520<li>
521<p>
522Otherwise, git treats the pattern as a shell glob suitable
523 for consumption by fnmatch(3) with the FNM_PATHNAME flag:
524 wildcards in the pattern will not match a / in the pathname.
Junio C Hamano2db3e752010-09-03 21:33:06[diff] [blame]525 For example, "Documentation/&#42;.html" matches
Junio C Hamanoa574a092010-06-13 19:57:10[diff] [blame]526 "Documentation/git.html" but not "Documentation/ppc/ppc.html"
527 or "tools/perf/Documentation/perf.html".
528</p>
529</li>
530<li>
531<p>
532A leading slash matches the beginning of the pathname.
Junio C Hamano2db3e752010-09-03 21:33:06[diff] [blame]533 For example, "/&#42;.c" matches "cat-file.c" but not
Junio C Hamanoa574a092010-06-13 19:57:10[diff] [blame]534 "mozilla-sha1/sha1.c".
Junio C Hamano679d22d2007-06-02 21:13:44[diff] [blame]535</p>
536</li>
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]537</ul></div>
Junio C Hamano2e6ded82010-12-05 06:20:48[diff] [blame]538</div>
539<h2 id="_notes">NOTES</h2>
540<div class="sectionbody">
541<div class="paragraph"><p>The purpose of gitignore files is to ensure that certain files
542not tracked by git remain untracked.</p></div>
543<div class="paragraph"><p>To ignore uncommitted changes in a file that is already tracked,
544use <em>git update-index &#45;&#45;assume-unchanged</em>.</p></div>
545<div class="paragraph"><p>To stop tracking a file that is currently tracked, use
546<em>git rm --cached</em>.</p></div>
547</div>
548<h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
549<div class="sectionbody">
Junio C Hamano679d22d2007-06-02 21:13:44[diff] [blame]550<div class="listingblock">
551<div class="content">
Junio C Hamanofce7c7e2008-07-02 03:06:38[diff] [blame]552<pre><tt> $ git status
Junio C Hamano679d22d2007-06-02 21:13:44[diff] [blame]553 [...]
554 # Untracked files:
555 [...]
556 # Documentation/foo.html
557 # Documentation/gitignore.html
558 # file.o
559 # lib.a
560 # src/internal.o
561 [...]
562 $ cat .git/info/exclude
563 # ignore objects and archives, anywhere in the tree.
564 *.[oa]
565 $ cat Documentation/.gitignore
566 # ignore generated html files,
567 *.html
568 # except foo.html which is maintained by hand
569 !foo.html
Junio C Hamanofce7c7e2008-07-02 03:06:38[diff] [blame]570 $ git status
Junio C Hamano679d22d2007-06-02 21:13:44[diff] [blame]571 [...]
572 # Untracked files:
573 [...]
574 # Documentation/foo.html
575 [...]</tt></pre>
576</div></div>
Junio C Hamano2e6ded82010-12-05 06:20:48[diff] [blame]577<div class="paragraph"><p>Another example:</p></div>
Junio C Hamano679d22d2007-06-02 21:13:44[diff] [blame]578<div class="listingblock">
579<div class="content">
580<pre><tt> $ cat .gitignore
581 vmlinux*
582 $ ls arch/foo/kernel/vm*
583 arch/foo/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
584 $ echo '!/vmlinux*' &gt;arch/foo/kernel/.gitignore</tt></pre>
585</div></div>
Junio C Hamano2e6ded82010-12-05 06:20:48[diff] [blame]586<div class="paragraph"><p>The second .gitignore prevents git from ignoring
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]587<tt>arch/foo/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S</tt>.</p></div>
Junio C Hamano679d22d2007-06-02 21:13:44[diff] [blame]588</div>
Junio C Hamano2e6ded82010-12-05 06:20:48[diff] [blame]589<h2 id="_see_also">SEE ALSO</h2>
590<div class="sectionbody">
591<div class="paragraph"><p><a href="git-rm.html">git-rm(1)</a>, <a href="git-update-index.html">git-update-index(1)</a>,
592<a href="gitrepository-layout.html">gitrepository-layout(5)</a></p></div>
593</div>
Junio C Hamanoba4b9282008-07-06 05:20:31[diff] [blame]594<h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
Junio C Hamano679d22d2007-06-02 21:13:44[diff] [blame]595<div class="sectionbody">
Junio C Hamano2e6ded82010-12-05 06:20:48[diff] [blame]596<div class="paragraph"><p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p></div>
Junio C Hamano679d22d2007-06-02 21:13:44[diff] [blame]597</div>
598<div id="footer">
599<div id="footer-text">
Junio C Hamano5f3d8392011-03-15 23:33:35[diff] [blame]600Last updated 2011-03-15 23:30:15 UTC
Junio C Hamano679d22d2007-06-02 21:13:44[diff] [blame]601</div>
602</div>
603</body>
604</html>