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chromium / external / gitster / git-htmldocs / 67cc20ae85b65c4b295bf2fac6b54ebdb9aef8bf / . / gitnamespaces.html
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Junio C Hamanof7279012011-08-18 06:13:13[diff] [blame]569</head>
570<body>
571<div id="header">
572<h1>
573gitnamespaces(7) Manual Page
574</h1>
575<h2>NAME</h2>
576<div class="sectionbody">
577<p>gitnamespaces -
578 Git namespaces
579</p>
580</div>
581</div>
Junio C Hamano7bd050f2011-09-22 06:32:22[diff] [blame]582<div id="content">
Junio C Hamano51597ea2011-09-27 04:22:42[diff] [blame]583<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
584<div class="sectionbody">
585<div class="verseblock">
586<div class="verseblock-content">GIT_NAMESPACE=&lt;namespace&gt; <em>git upload-pack</em>
587GIT_NAMESPACE=&lt;namespace&gt; <em>git receive-pack</em></div>
588<div class="verseblock-attribution">
589</div></div>
590</div>
Junio C Hamanof7279012011-08-18 06:13:13[diff] [blame]591<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
592<div class="sectionbody">
593<div class="paragraph"><p>Git supports dividing the refs of a single repository into multiple
594namespaces, each of which has its own branches, tags, and HEAD. Git can
595expose each namespace as an independent repository to pull from and push
596to, while sharing the object store, and exposing all the refs to
597operations such as <a href="git-gc.html">git-gc(1)</a>.</p></div>
598<div class="paragraph"><p>Storing multiple repositories as namespaces of a single repository
599avoids storing duplicate copies of the same objects, such as when
600storing multiple branches of the same source. The alternates mechanism
601provides similar support for avoiding duplicates, but alternates do not
602prevent duplication between new objects added to the repositories
603without ongoing maintenance, while namespaces do.</p></div>
604<div class="paragraph"><p>To specify a namespace, set the <tt>GIT_NAMESPACE</tt> environment variable to
605the namespace. For each ref namespace, git stores the corresponding
606refs in a directory under <tt>refs/namespaces/</tt>. For example,
607<tt>GIT_NAMESPACE=foo</tt> will store refs under <tt>refs/namespaces/foo/</tt>. You
608can also specify namespaces via the <tt>--namespace</tt> option to
609<a href="git.html">git(1)</a>.</p></div>
610<div class="paragraph"><p>Note that namespaces which include a <tt>/</tt> will expand to a hierarchy of
611namespaces; for example, <tt>GIT_NAMESPACE=foo/bar</tt> will store refs under
612<tt>refs/namespaces/foo/refs/namespaces/bar/</tt>. This makes paths in
613<tt>GIT_NAMESPACE</tt> behave hierarchically, so that cloning with
614<tt>GIT_NAMESPACE=foo/bar</tt> produces the same result as cloning with
615<tt>GIT_NAMESPACE=foo</tt> and cloning from that repo with <tt>GIT_NAMESPACE=bar</tt>. It
616also avoids ambiguity with strange namespace paths such as <tt>foo/refs/heads/</tt>,
617which could otherwise generate directory/file conflicts within the <tt>refs</tt>
618directory.</p></div>
619<div class="paragraph"><p><a href="git-upload-pack.html">git-upload-pack(1)</a> and <a href="git-receive-pack.html">git-receive-pack(1)</a> rewrite the
620names of refs as specified by <tt>GIT_NAMESPACE</tt>. git-upload-pack and
621git-receive-pack will ignore all references outside the specified
622namespace.</p></div>
623<div class="paragraph"><p>The smart HTTP server, <a href="git-http-backend.html">git-http-backend(1)</a>, will pass
624GIT_NAMESPACE through to the backend programs; see
625<a href="git-http-backend.html">git-http-backend(1)</a> for sample configuration to expose
626repository namespaces as repositories.</p></div>
627<div class="paragraph"><p>For a simple local test, you can use <a href="git-remote-ext.html">git-remote-ext(1)</a>:</p></div>
628<div class="listingblock">
629<div class="content">
630<pre><tt>git clone ext::'git --namespace=foo %s /tmp/prefixed.git'</tt></pre>
631</div></div>
632</div>
633<h2 id="_security">SECURITY</h2>
634<div class="sectionbody">
635<div class="paragraph"><p>Anyone with access to any namespace within a repository can potentially
636access objects from any other namespace stored in the same repository.
637You can&#8217;t directly say "give me object ABCD" if you don&#8217;t have a ref to
638it, but you can do some other sneaky things like:</p></div>
639<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
640<li>
641<p>
642Claiming to push ABCD, at which point the server will optimize out the
643 need for you to actually send it. Now you have a ref to ABCD and can
644 fetch it (claiming not to have it, of course).
645</p>
646</li>
647<li>
648<p>
649Requesting other refs, claiming that you have ABCD, at which point the
650 server may generate deltas against ABCD.
651</p>
652</li>
653</ol></div>
654<div class="paragraph"><p>None of this causes a problem if you only host public repositories, or
655if everyone who may read one namespace may also read everything in every
656other namespace (for instance, if everyone in an organization has read
657permission to every repository).</p></div>
658</div>
Junio C Hamano7bd050f2011-09-22 06:32:22[diff] [blame]659</div>
660<div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
Junio C Hamanof7279012011-08-18 06:13:13[diff] [blame]661<div id="footer">
662<div id="footer-text">
Junio C Hamano02194af2011-11-17 20:33:59[diff] [blame]663Last updated 2011-11-15 13:45:02 PDT
Junio C Hamanof7279012011-08-18 06:13:13[diff] [blame]664</div>
665</div>
666</body>
667</html>