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<title>git-rev-list(1)</title> | |
</head> | |
<body> | |
<div id="header"> | |
<h1> | |
git-rev-list(1) Manual Page | |
</h1> | |
<h2>NAME</h2> | |
<div class="sectionbody"> | |
<p>git-rev-list - | |
Lists commit objects in reverse chronological order | |
</p> | |
</div> | |
</div> | |
<h2>SYNOPSIS</h2> | |
<div class="sectionbody"> | |
<div class="verseblock"> | |
<div class="content"><em>git-rev-list</em> [ --max-count=number ] | |
[ --max-age=timestamp ] | |
[ --min-age=timestamp ] | |
[ --sparse ] | |
[ --no-merges ] | |
[ --all ] | |
[ [ --merge-order [ --show-breaks ] ] | [ --topo-order ] ] | |
[ --parents ] | |
[ --objects [ --unpacked ] ] | |
[ --pretty | --header ] | |
[ --bisect ] | |
<commit>… [ -- <paths>… ]</div></div> | |
</div> | |
<h2>DESCRIPTION</h2> | |
<div class="sectionbody"> | |
<p>Lists commit objects in reverse chronological order starting at the | |
given commit(s), taking ancestry relationship into account. This is | |
useful to produce human-readable log output.</p> | |
<p>Commits which are stated with a preceding <em>^</em> cause listing to stop at | |
that point. Their parents are implied. "git-rev-list foo bar ^baz" thus | |
means "list all the commits which are included in <em>foo</em> and <em>bar</em>, but | |
not in <em>baz</em>".</p> | |
<p>A special notation <commit1>..<commit2> can be used as a | |
short-hand for ^<commit1> <commit2>.</p> | |
</div> | |
<h2>OPTIONS</h2> | |
<div class="sectionbody"> | |
<dl> | |
<dt> | |
--pretty | |
</dt> | |
<dd> | |
<p> | |
Print the contents of the commit changesets in human-readable form. | |
</p> | |
</dd> | |
<dt> | |
--header | |
</dt> | |
<dd> | |
<p> | |
Print the contents of the commit in raw-format; each | |
record is separated with a NUL character. | |
</p> | |
</dd> | |
<dt> | |
--objects | |
</dt> | |
<dd> | |
<p> | |
Print the object IDs of any object referenced by the listed commits. | |
<em>git-rev-list --objects foo ^bar</em> thus means "send me all object IDs | |
which I need to download if I have the commit object <em>bar</em>, but | |
not <em>foo</em>". | |
</p> | |
</dd> | |
<dt> | |
--unpacked | |
</dt> | |
<dd> | |
<p> | |
Only useful with <tt>--objects</tt>; print the object IDs that | |
are not in packs. | |
</p> | |
</dd> | |
<dt> | |
--bisect | |
</dt> | |
<dd> | |
<p> | |
Limit output to the one commit object which is roughly halfway | |
between the included and excluded commits. Thus, if <em>git-rev-list | |
--bisect foo <sup>bar </sup>baz</em> outputs <em>midpoint</em>, the output | |
of <em>git-rev-list foo ^midpoint</em> and <em>git-rev-list midpoint | |
<sup>bar </sup>baz</em> would be of roughly the same length. Finding the change | |
which introduces a regression is thus reduced to a binary search: | |
repeatedly generate and test new 'midpoint's until the commit chain | |
is of length one. | |
</p> | |
</dd> | |
<dt> | |
--max-count | |
</dt> | |
<dd> | |
<p> | |
Limit the number of commits output. | |
</p> | |
</dd> | |
<dt> | |
--max-age=timestamp, --min-age=timestamp | |
</dt> | |
<dd> | |
<p> | |
Limit the commits output to specified time range. | |
</p> | |
</dd> | |
<dt> | |
--sparse | |
</dt> | |
<dd> | |
<p> | |
When optional paths are given, the command outputs only | |
the commits that changes at least one of them, and also | |
ignores merges that do not touch the given paths. This | |
flag makes the command output all eligible commits | |
(still subject to count and age limitation), but apply | |
merge simplification nevertheless. | |
</p> | |
</dd> | |
<dt> | |
--all | |
</dt> | |
<dd> | |
<p> | |
Pretend as if all the refs in <tt>$GIT_DIR/refs/</tt> are | |
listed on the command line as <commit>. | |
</p> | |
</dd> | |
<dt> | |
--topo-order | |
</dt> | |
<dd> | |
<p> | |
By default, the commits are shown in reverse | |
chronological order. This option makes them appear in | |
topological order (i.e. descendant commits are shown | |
before their parents). | |
</p> | |
</dd> | |
<dt> | |
--merge-order | |
</dt> | |
<dd> | |
<p> | |
When specified the commit history is decomposed into a unique | |
sequence of minimal, non-linear epochs and maximal, linear epochs. | |
Non-linear epochs are then linearised by sorting them into merge | |
order, which is described below. | |
</p> | |
<p>Maximal, linear epochs correspond to periods of sequential development. | |
Minimal, non-linear epochs correspond to periods of divergent development | |
followed by a converging merge. The theory of epochs is described in more | |
detail at | |
<a href="http://blackcubes.dyndns.org/epoch/">http://blackcubes.dyndns.org/epoch/</a>.</p> | |
<p>The merge order for a non-linear epoch is defined as a linearisation for which | |
the following invariants are true:</p> | |
<ol> | |
<li> | |
<p> | |
if a commit P is reachable from commit N, commit P sorts after commit N | |
in the linearised list. | |
</p> | |
</li> | |
<li> | |
<p> | |
if Pi and Pj are any two parents of a merge M (with i < j), then any | |
commit N, such that N is reachable from Pj but not reachable from Pi, | |
sorts before all commits reachable from Pi. | |
</p> | |
<p>Invariant 1 states that later commits appear before earlier commits they are | |
derived from.</p> | |
<p>Invariant 2 states that commits unique to "later" parents in a merge, appear | |
before all commits from "earlier" parents of a merge.</p> | |
</li> | |
</ol> | |
</dd> | |
<dt> | |
--show-breaks | |
</dt> | |
<dd> | |
<p> | |
Each item of the list is output with a 2-character prefix consisting | |
of one of: (|), (^), (=) followed by a space. | |
</p> | |
<p>Commits marked with (=) represent the boundaries of minimal, non-linear epochs | |
and correspond either to the start of a period of divergent development or to | |
the end of such a period.</p> | |
<p>Commits marked with (|) are direct parents of commits immediately preceding | |
the marked commit in the list.</p> | |
<p>Commits marked with (^) are not parents of the immediately preceding commit. | |
These "breaks" represent necessary discontinuities implied by trying to | |
represent an arbitrary DAG in a linear form.</p> | |
<p><tt>--show-breaks</tt> is only valid if <tt>--merge-order</tt> is also specified.</p> | |
</dd> | |
</dl> | |
</div> | |
<h2>Author</h2> | |
<div class="sectionbody"> | |
<p>Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org></p> | |
<p>Original <strong>--merge-order</strong> logic by Jon Seymour <jon.seymour@gmail.com></p> | |
</div> | |
<h2>Documentation</h2> | |
<div class="sectionbody"> | |
<p>Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.</p> | |
</div> | |
<h2>GIT</h2> | |
<div class="sectionbody"> | |
<p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(7)</a> suite</p> | |
</div> | |
<div id="footer"> | |
<div id="footer-text"> | |
Last updated 06-Jan-2006 17:12:43 PDT | |
</div> | |
</div> | |
</body> | |
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