git-fsck.html - external/gitster/git-htmldocs - Git at Google

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 <div id="header">
 <h1>
 git-fsck(1) Manual Page
 </h1>
 <h2>NAME</h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <p>git-fsck -
  Verifies the connectivity and validity of the objects in the database
 </p>
 </div>
 </div>
 <h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <div class="verseblock">
 <div class="verseblock-content"><em>git fsck</em> [--tags] [--root] [--unreachable] [--cache] [--no-reflogs]
  [--[no-]full] [--strict] [--verbose] [--lost-found] [&lt;object&gt;*]</div>
 <div class="verseblock-attribution">
 </div></div>
 </div>
 <h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <div class="paragraph"><p>Verifies the connectivity and validity of the objects in the database.</p></div>
 </div>
 <h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <div class="dlist"><dl>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 &lt;object&gt;
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  An object to treat as the head of an unreachability trace.
 </p>
 <div class="paragraph"><p>If no objects are given, <em>git fsck</em> defaults to using the
 index file, all SHA1 references in .git/refs/*, and all reflogs (unless
 --no-reflogs is given) as heads.</p></div>
 </dd>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 --unreachable
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  Print out objects that exist but that aren&#8217;t readable from any
  of the reference nodes.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 --root
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  Report root nodes.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 --tags
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  Report tags.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 --cache
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  Consider any object recorded in the index also as a head node for
  an unreachability trace.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 --no-reflogs
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  Do not consider commits that are referenced only by an
  entry in a reflog to be reachable. This option is meant
  only to search for commits that used to be in a ref, but
  now aren&#8217;t, but are still in that corresponding reflog.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 --full
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  Check not just objects in GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY
  ($GIT_DIR/objects), but also the ones found in alternate
  object pools listed in GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES
  or $GIT_DIR/objects/info/alternates,
  and in packed git archives found in $GIT_DIR/objects/pack
  and corresponding pack subdirectories in alternate
  object pools. This is now default; you can turn it off
  with --no-full.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 --strict
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  Enable more strict checking, namely to catch a file mode
  recorded with g+w bit set, which was created by older
  versions of git. Existing repositories, including the
  Linux kernel, git itself, and sparse repository have old
  objects that triggers this check, but it is recommended
  to check new projects with this flag.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 --verbose
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  Be chatty.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 --lost-found
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  Write dangling objects into .git/lost-found/commit/ or
  .git/lost-found/other/, depending on type. If the object is
  a blob, the contents are written into the file, rather than
  its object name.
 </p>
 </dd>
 </dl></div>
 <div class="paragraph"><p>It tests SHA1 and general object sanity, and it does full tracking of
 the resulting reachability and everything else. It prints out any
 corruption it finds (missing or bad objects), and if you use the
 <em>--unreachable</em> flag it will also print out objects that exist but
 that aren&#8217;t readable from any of the specified head nodes.</p></div>
 <div class="paragraph"><p>So for example</p></div>
 <div class="literalblock">
 <div class="content">
 <pre><tt>git fsck --unreachable HEAD \
  $(git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname)" refs/heads)</tt></pre>
 </div></div>
 <div class="paragraph"><p>will do quite a <em>lot</em> of verification on the tree. There are a few
 extra validity tests to be added (make sure that tree objects are
 sorted properly etc), but on the whole if <em>git fsck</em> is happy, you
 do have a valid tree.</p></div>
 <div class="paragraph"><p>Any corrupt objects you will have to find in backups or other archives
 (i.e., you can just remove them and do an <em>rsync</em> with some other site in
 the hopes that somebody else has the object you have corrupted).</p></div>
 <div class="paragraph"><p>Of course, "valid tree" doesn&#8217;t mean that it wasn&#8217;t generated by some
 evil person, and the end result might be crap. git is a revision
 tracking system, not a quality assurance system ;)</p></div>
 </div>
 <h2 id="_extracted_diagnostics">Extracted Diagnostics</h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <div class="dlist"><dl>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 expect dangling commits - potential heads - due to lack of head information
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  You haven&#8217;t specified any nodes as heads so it won&#8217;t be
  possible to differentiate between un-parented commits and
  root nodes.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 missing sha1 directory <em>&lt;dir&gt;</em>
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  The directory holding the sha1 objects is missing.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 unreachable &lt;type&gt; &lt;object&gt;
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  The &lt;type&gt; object &lt;object&gt;, isn&#8217;t actually referred to directly
  or indirectly in any of the trees or commits seen. This can
  mean that there&#8217;s another root node that you&#8217;re not specifying
  or that the tree is corrupt. If you haven&#8217;t missed a root node
  then you might as well delete unreachable nodes since they
  can&#8217;t be used.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 missing &lt;type&gt; &lt;object&gt;
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  The &lt;type&gt; object &lt;object&gt;, is referred to but isn&#8217;t present in
  the database.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 dangling &lt;type&gt; &lt;object&gt;
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  The &lt;type&gt; object &lt;object&gt;, is present in the database but never
  <em>directly</em> used. A dangling commit could be a root node.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 sha1 mismatch &lt;object&gt;
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  The database has an object who&#8217;s sha1 doesn&#8217;t match the
  database value.
  This indicates a serious data integrity problem.
 </p>
 </dd>
 </dl></div>
 </div>
 <h2 id="_environment_variables">Environment Variables</h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <div class="dlist"><dl>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  used to specify the object database root (usually $GIT_DIR/objects)
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 GIT_INDEX_FILE
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  used to specify the index file of the index
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  used to specify additional object database roots (usually unset)
 </p>
 </dd>
 </dl></div>
 </div>
 <h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <div class="paragraph"><p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p></div>
 </div>
 <div id="footer">
 <div id="footer-text">
 Last updated 2011-03-15 23:30:13 UTC
 </div>
 </div>
 </body>
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	<body>
	<div id="header">
	<h1>
	git-fsck(1) Manual Page
	</h1>
	<h2>NAME</h2>
	<div class="sectionbody">
	<p>git-fsck -
	Verifies the connectivity and validity of the objects in the database
	</p>
	</div>
	</div>
	<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
	<div class="sectionbody">
	<div class="verseblock">
	<div class="verseblock-content"><em>git fsck</em> [--tags] [--root] [--unreachable] [--cache] [--no-reflogs]
	[--[no-]full] [--strict] [--verbose] [--lost-found] [<object>*]</div>
	<div class="verseblock-attribution">
	</div></div>
	</div>
	<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
	<div class="sectionbody">
	<div class="paragraph"><p>Verifies the connectivity and validity of the objects in the database.</p></div>
	</div>
	<h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
	<div class="sectionbody">
	<div class="dlist"><dl>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	<object>
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	An object to treat as the head of an unreachability trace.
	</p>
	<div class="paragraph"><p>If no objects are given, <em>git fsck</em> defaults to using the
	index file, all SHA1 references in .git/refs/*, and all reflogs (unless
	--no-reflogs is given) as heads.</p></div>
	</dd>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	--unreachable
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	Print out objects that exist but that aren’t readable from any
	of the reference nodes.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	--root
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	Report root nodes.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	--tags
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	Report tags.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	--cache
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	Consider any object recorded in the index also as a head node for
	an unreachability trace.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	--no-reflogs
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	Do not consider commits that are referenced only by an
	entry in a reflog to be reachable. This option is meant
	only to search for commits that used to be in a ref, but
	now aren’t, but are still in that corresponding reflog.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	--full
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	Check not just objects in GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY
	($GIT_DIR/objects), but also the ones found in alternate
	object pools listed in GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES
	or $GIT_DIR/objects/info/alternates,
	and in packed git archives found in $GIT_DIR/objects/pack
	and corresponding pack subdirectories in alternate
	object pools. This is now default; you can turn it off
	with --no-full.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	--strict
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	Enable more strict checking, namely to catch a file mode
	recorded with g+w bit set, which was created by older
	versions of git. Existing repositories, including the
	Linux kernel, git itself, and sparse repository have old
	objects that triggers this check, but it is recommended
	to check new projects with this flag.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	--verbose
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	Be chatty.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	--lost-found
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	Write dangling objects into .git/lost-found/commit/ or
	.git/lost-found/other/, depending on type. If the object is
	a blob, the contents are written into the file, rather than
	its object name.
	</p>
	</dd>
	</dl></div>
	<div class="paragraph"><p>It tests SHA1 and general object sanity, and it does full tracking of
	the resulting reachability and everything else. It prints out any
	corruption it finds (missing or bad objects), and if you use the
	<em>--unreachable</em> flag it will also print out objects that exist but
	that aren’t readable from any of the specified head nodes.</p></div>
	<div class="paragraph"><p>So for example</p></div>
	<div class="literalblock">
	<div class="content">
	<pre><tt>git fsck --unreachable HEAD \
	$(git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname)" refs/heads)</tt></pre>
	</div></div>
	<div class="paragraph"><p>will do quite a <em>lot</em> of verification on the tree. There are a few
	extra validity tests to be added (make sure that tree objects are
	sorted properly etc), but on the whole if <em>git fsck</em> is happy, you
	do have a valid tree.</p></div>
	<div class="paragraph"><p>Any corrupt objects you will have to find in backups or other archives
	(i.e., you can just remove them and do an <em>rsync</em> with some other site in
	the hopes that somebody else has the object you have corrupted).</p></div>
	<div class="paragraph"><p>Of course, "valid tree" doesn’t mean that it wasn’t generated by some
	evil person, and the end result might be crap. git is a revision
	tracking system, not a quality assurance system ;)</p></div>
	</div>
	<h2 id="_extracted_diagnostics">Extracted Diagnostics</h2>
	<div class="sectionbody">
	<div class="dlist"><dl>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	expect dangling commits - potential heads - due to lack of head information
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	You haven’t specified any nodes as heads so it won’t be
	possible to differentiate between un-parented commits and
	root nodes.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	missing sha1 directory <em><dir></em>
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	The directory holding the sha1 objects is missing.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	unreachable <type> <object>
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	The <type> object <object>, isn’t actually referred to directly
	or indirectly in any of the trees or commits seen. This can
	mean that there’s another root node that you’re not specifying
	or that the tree is corrupt. If you haven’t missed a root node
	then you might as well delete unreachable nodes since they
	can’t be used.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	missing <type> <object>
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	The <type> object <object>, is referred to but isn’t present in
	the database.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	dangling <type> <object>
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	The <type> object <object>, is present in the database but never
	<em>directly</em> used. A dangling commit could be a root node.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	sha1 mismatch <object>
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	The database has an object who’s sha1 doesn’t match the
	database value.
	This indicates a serious data integrity problem.
	</p>
	</dd>
	</dl></div>
	</div>
	<h2 id="_environment_variables">Environment Variables</h2>
	<div class="sectionbody">
	<div class="dlist"><dl>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	used to specify the object database root (usually $GIT_DIR/objects)
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	GIT_INDEX_FILE
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	used to specify the index file of the index
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	used to specify additional object database roots (usually unset)
	</p>
	</dd>
	</dl></div>
	</div>
	<h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
	<div class="sectionbody">
	<div class="paragraph"><p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p></div>
	</div>
	<div id="footer">
	<div id="footer-text">
	Last updated 2011-03-15 23:30:13 UTC
	</div>
	</div>
	</body>
	</html>