git-reset.html - external/gitster/git-htmldocs - Git at Google

 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
  "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
 <head>
 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
 <meta name="generator" content="AsciiDoc 7.0.2" />
 <style type="text/css">
 /* Debug borders */
 p, li, dt, dd, div, pre, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
 /*
  border: 1px solid red;
 */
 }

 body {
  margin: 1em 5% 1em 5%;
 }

 a { color: blue; }
 a:visited { color: fuchsia; }

 em {
  font-style: italic;
 }

 strong {
  font-weight: bold;
 }

 tt {
  color: navy;
 }

 h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
  color: #527bbd;
  font-family: sans-serif;
  margin-top: 1.2em;
  margin-bottom: 0.5em;
  line-height: 1.3;
 }

 h1 {
  border-bottom: 2px solid silver;
 }
 h2 {
  border-bottom: 2px solid silver;
  padding-top: 0.5em;
 }

 div.sectionbody {
  font-family: serif;
  margin-left: 0;
 }

 hr {
  border: 1px solid silver;
 }

 p {
  margin-top: 0.5em;
  margin-bottom: 0.5em;
 }

 pre {
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
 }

 span#author {
  color: #527bbd;
  font-family: sans-serif;
  font-weight: bold;
  font-size: 1.2em;
 }
 span#email {
 }
 span#revision {
  font-family: sans-serif;
 }

 div#footer {
  font-family: sans-serif;
  font-size: small;
  border-top: 2px solid silver;
  padding-top: 0.5em;
  margin-top: 4.0em;
 }
 div#footer-text {
  float: left;
  padding-bottom: 0.5em;
 }
 div#footer-badges {
  float: right;
  padding-bottom: 0.5em;
 }

 div#preamble,
 div.tableblock, div.imageblock, div.exampleblock, div.verseblock,
 div.quoteblock, div.literalblock, div.listingblock, div.sidebarblock,
 div.admonitionblock {
  margin-right: 10%;
  margin-top: 1.5em;
  margin-bottom: 1.5em;
 }
 div.admonitionblock {
  margin-top: 2.5em;
  margin-bottom: 2.5em;
 }

 div.content { /* Block element content. */
  padding: 0;
 }

 /* Block element titles. */
 div.title, caption.title {
  font-family: sans-serif;
  font-weight: bold;
  text-align: left;
  margin-top: 1.0em;
  margin-bottom: 0.5em;
 }
 div.title + * {
  margin-top: 0;
 }

 td div.title:first-child {
  margin-top: 0.0em;
 }
 div.content div.title:first-child {
  margin-top: 0.0em;
 }
 div.content + div.title {
  margin-top: 0.0em;
 }

 div.sidebarblock > div.content {
  background: #ffffee;
  border: 1px solid silver;
  padding: 0.5em;
 }

 div.listingblock > div.content {
  border: 1px solid silver;
  background: #f4f4f4;
  padding: 0.5em;
 }

 div.quoteblock > div.content {
  padding-left: 2.0em;
 }
 div.quoteblock .attribution {
  text-align: right;
 }

 div.admonitionblock .icon {
  vertical-align: top;
  font-size: 1.1em;
  font-weight: bold;
  text-decoration: underline;
  color: #527bbd;
  padding-right: 0.5em;
 }
 div.admonitionblock td.content {
  padding-left: 0.5em;
  border-left: 2px solid silver;
 }

 div.exampleblock > div.content {
  border-left: 2px solid silver;
  padding: 0.5em;
 }

 div.verseblock div.content {
  white-space: pre;
 }

 div.imageblock div.content { padding-left: 0; }
 div.imageblock img { border: 1px solid silver; }
 span.image img { border-style: none; }

 dl {
  margin-top: 0.8em;
  margin-bottom: 0.8em;
 }
 dt {
  margin-top: 0.5em;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  font-style: italic;
 }
 dd > *:first-child {
  margin-top: 0;
 }

 ul, ol {
  list-style-position: outside;
 }
 ol.olist2 {
  list-style-type: lower-alpha;
 }

 div.tableblock > table {
  border-color: #527bbd;
  border-width: 3px;
 }
 thead {
  font-family: sans-serif;
  font-weight: bold;
 }
 tfoot {
  font-weight: bold;
 }

 div.hlist {
  margin-top: 0.8em;
  margin-bottom: 0.8em;
 }
 td.hlist1 {
  vertical-align: top;
  font-style: italic;
  padding-right: 0.8em;
 }
 td.hlist2 {
  vertical-align: top;
 }

 @media print {
  div#footer-badges { display: none; }
 }
 include::./stylesheets/xhtml11-manpage.css[]
 /* Workarounds for IE6's broken and incomplete CSS2. */

 div.sidebar-content {
  background: #ffffee;
  border: 1px solid silver;
  padding: 0.5em;
 }
 div.sidebar-title, div.image-title {
  font-family: sans-serif;
  font-weight: bold;
  margin-top: 0.0em;
  margin-bottom: 0.5em;
 }

 div.listingblock div.content {
  border: 1px solid silver;
  background: #f4f4f4;
  padding: 0.5em;
 }

 div.quoteblock-content {
  padding-left: 2.0em;
 }

 div.exampleblock-content {
  border-left: 2px solid silver;
  padding-left: 0.5em;
 }
 </style>
 <title>git-reset(1)</title>
 </head>
 <body>
 <div id="header">
 <h1>
 git-reset(1) Manual Page
 </h1>
 <h2>NAME</h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <p>git-reset -
  Reset current HEAD to the specified state
 </p>
 </div>
 </div>
 <h2>SYNOPSIS</h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <div class="verseblock">
 <div class="content"><em>git-reset</em> [--mixed | --soft | --hard] [&lt;commit&gt;]
 <em>git-reset</em> [--mixed] &lt;commit&gt; [--] &lt;paths&gt;&#8230;</div></div>
 </div>
 <h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <p>Sets the current head to the specified commit and optionally resets the
 index and working tree to match.</p>
 <p>This command is useful if you notice some small error in a recent
 commit (or set of commits) and want to redo that part without showing
 the undo in the history.</p>
 <p>If you want to undo a commit other than the latest on a branch,
 <a href="git-revert.html">git-revert(1)</a> is your friend.</p>
 <p>The second form with <em>paths</em> is used to revert selected paths in
 the index from a given commit, without moving HEAD.</p>
 </div>
 <h2>OPTIONS</h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <dl>
 <dt>
 --mixed
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  Resets the index but not the working tree (i.e., the changed files
  are preserved but not marked for commit) and reports what has not
  been updated. This is the default action.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt>
 --soft
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  Does not touch the index file nor the working tree at all, but
  requires them to be in a good order. This leaves all your changed
  files "Added but not yet committed", as <a href="git-status.html">git-status(1)</a> would
  put it.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt>
 --hard
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  Matches the working tree and index to that of the tree being
  switched to. Any changes to tracked files in the working tree
  since &lt;commit&gt; are lost.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt>
 &lt;commit&gt;
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  Commit to make the current HEAD.
 </p>
 </dd>
 </dl>
 </div>
 <h2>Examples</h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <dl>
 <dt>
 Undo a commit and redo
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <div class="listingblock">
 <div class="content">
 <pre><tt>$ git commit ...
 $ git reset --soft HEAD^ <b>(1)</b>
 $ edit <b>(2)</b>
 $ git commit -a -c ORIG_HEAD <b>(3)</b></tt></pre>
 </div></div>
 <ol>
 <li>
 <p>
 This is most often done when you remembered what you
 just committed is incomplete, or you misspelled your commit
 message, or both. Leaves working tree as it was before "reset".
 </p>
 </li>
 <li>
 <p>
 Make corrections to working tree files.
 </p>
 </li>
 <li>
 <p>
 "reset" copies the old head to .git/ORIG_HEAD; redo the
 commit by starting with its log message. If you do not need to
 edit the message further, you can give -C option instead.
 </p>
 <p>See also the --amend option to <a href="git-commit.html">git-commit(1)</a>.</p>
 </li>
 </ol>
 </dd>
 <dt>
 Undo commits permanently
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <div class="listingblock">
 <div class="content">
 <pre><tt>$ git commit ...
 $ git reset --hard HEAD~3 <b>(1)</b></tt></pre>
 </div></div>
 <ol>
 <li>
 <p>
 The last three commits (HEAD, HEAD^, and HEAD~2) were bad
 and you do not want to ever see them again. Do <strong>not</strong> do this if
 you have already given these commits to somebody else.
 </p>
 </li>
 </ol>
 </dd>
 <dt>
 Undo a commit, making it a topic branch
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <div class="listingblock">
 <div class="content">
 <pre><tt>$ git branch topic/wip <b>(1)</b>
 $ git reset --hard HEAD~3 <b>(2)</b>
 $ git checkout topic/wip <b>(3)</b></tt></pre>
 </div></div>
 <ol>
 <li>
 <p>
 You have made some commits, but realize they were premature
 to be in the "master" branch. You want to continue polishing
 them in a topic branch, so create "topic/wip" branch off of the
 current HEAD.
 </p>
 </li>
 <li>
 <p>
 Rewind the master branch to get rid of those three commits.
 </p>
 </li>
 <li>
 <p>
 Switch to "topic/wip" branch and keep working.
 </p>
 </li>
 </ol>
 </dd>
 <dt>
 Undo add
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <div class="listingblock">
 <div class="content">
 <pre><tt>$ edit <b>(1)</b>
 $ git add frotz.c filfre.c
 $ mailx <b>(2)</b>
 $ git reset <b>(3)</b>
 $ git pull git://info.example.com/ nitfol <b>(4)</b></tt></pre>
 </div></div>
 <ol>
 <li>
 <p>
 You are happily working on something, and find the changes
 in these files are in good order. You do not want to see them
 when you run "git diff", because you plan to work on other files
 and changes with these files are distracting.
 </p>
 </li>
 <li>
 <p>
 Somebody asks you to pull, and the changes sounds worthy of merging.
 </p>
 </li>
 <li>
 <p>
 However, you already dirtied the index (i.e. your index does
 not match the HEAD commit). But you know the pull you are going
 to make does not affect frotz.c nor filfre.c, so you revert the
 index changes for these two files. Your changes in working tree
 remain there.
 </p>
 </li>
 <li>
 <p>
 Then you can pull and merge, leaving frotz.c and filfre.c
 changes still in the working tree.
 </p>
 </li>
 </ol>
 </dd>
 <dt>
 Undo a merge or pull
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <div class="listingblock">
 <div class="content">
 <pre><tt>$ git pull <b>(1)</b>
 Auto-merging nitfol
 CONFLICT (content): Merge conflict in nitfol
 Automatic merge failed/prevented; fix up by hand
 $ git reset --hard <b>(2)</b>
 $ git pull . topic/branch <b>(3)</b>
 Updating from 41223... to 13134...
 Fast forward
 $ git reset --hard ORIG_HEAD <b>(4)</b></tt></pre>
 </div></div>
 <ol>
 <li>
 <p>
 Try to update from the upstream resulted in a lot of
 conflicts; you were not ready to spend a lot of time merging
 right now, so you decide to do that later.
 </p>
 </li>
 <li>
 <p>
 "pull" has not made merge commit, so "git reset --hard"
 which is a synonym for "git reset --hard HEAD" clears the mess
 from the index file and the working tree.
 </p>
 </li>
 <li>
 <p>
 Merge a topic branch into the current branch, which resulted
 in a fast forward.
 </p>
 </li>
 <li>
 <p>
 But you decided that the topic branch is not ready for public
 consumption yet. "pull" or "merge" always leaves the original
 tip of the current branch in ORIG_HEAD, so resetting hard to it
 brings your index file and the working tree back to that state,
 and resets the tip of the branch to that commit.
 </p>
 </li>
 </ol>
 </dd>
 <dt>
 Interrupted workflow
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>Suppose you are interrupted by an urgent fix request while you
 are in the middle of a large change. The files in your
 working tree are not in any shape to be committed yet, but you
 need to get to the other branch for a quick bugfix.</p>
 <div class="listingblock">
 <div class="content">
 <pre><tt>$ git checkout feature ;# you were working in "feature" branch and
 $ work work work ;# got interrupted
 $ git commit -a -m 'snapshot WIP' <b>(1)</b>
 $ git checkout master
 $ fix fix fix
 $ git commit ;# commit with real log
 $ git checkout feature
 $ git reset --soft HEAD^ ;# go back to WIP state <b>(2)</b>
 $ git reset <b>(3)</b></tt></pre>
 </div></div>
 <ol>
 <li>
 <p>
 This commit will get blown away so a throw-away log message is OK.
 </p>
 </li>
 <li>
 <p>
 This removes the <em>WIP</em> commit from the commit history, and sets
  your working tree to the state just before you made that snapshot.
 </p>
 </li>
 <li>
 <p>
 At this point the index file still has all the WIP changes you
  committed as <em>snapshot WIP</em>. This updates the index to show your
  WIP files as uncommitted.
 </p>
 </li>
 </ol>
 </dd>
 </dl>
 </div>
 <h2>Author</h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <p>Written by Junio C Hamano &lt;junkio@cox.net&gt; and Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@osdl.org&gt;</p>
 </div>
 <h2>Documentation</h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <p>Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list &lt;git@vger.kernel.org&gt;.</p>
 </div>
 <h2>GIT</h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(7)</a> suite</p>
 </div>
 <div id="footer">
 <div id="footer-text">
 Last updated 02-Aug-2007 07:23:09 UTC
 </div>
 </div>
 </body>
 </html>
	<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
	"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
	<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
	<head>
	<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
	<meta name="generator" content="AsciiDoc 7.0.2" />
	<style type="text/css">
	/* Debug borders */
	p, li, dt, dd, div, pre, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
	/*
	border: 1px solid red;
	*/
	}

	body {
	margin: 1em 5% 1em 5%;
	}

	a { color: blue; }
	a:visited { color: fuchsia; }

	em {
	font-style: italic;
	}

	strong {
	font-weight: bold;
	}

	tt {
	color: navy;
	}

	h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
	color: #527bbd;
	font-family: sans-serif;
	margin-top: 1.2em;
	margin-bottom: 0.5em;
	line-height: 1.3;
	}

	h1 {
	border-bottom: 2px solid silver;
	}
	h2 {
	border-bottom: 2px solid silver;
	padding-top: 0.5em;
	}

	div.sectionbody {
	font-family: serif;
	margin-left: 0;
	}

	hr {
	border: 1px solid silver;
	}

	p {
	margin-top: 0.5em;
	margin-bottom: 0.5em;
	}

	pre {
	padding: 0;
	margin: 0;
	}

	span#author {
	color: #527bbd;
	font-family: sans-serif;
	font-weight: bold;
	font-size: 1.2em;
	}
	span#email {
	}
	span#revision {
	font-family: sans-serif;
	}

	div#footer {
	font-family: sans-serif;
	font-size: small;
	border-top: 2px solid silver;
	padding-top: 0.5em;
	margin-top: 4.0em;
	}
	div#footer-text {
	float: left;
	padding-bottom: 0.5em;
	}
	div#footer-badges {
	float: right;
	padding-bottom: 0.5em;
	}

	div#preamble,
	div.tableblock, div.imageblock, div.exampleblock, div.verseblock,
	div.quoteblock, div.literalblock, div.listingblock, div.sidebarblock,
	div.admonitionblock {
	margin-right: 10%;
	margin-top: 1.5em;
	margin-bottom: 1.5em;
	}
	div.admonitionblock {
	margin-top: 2.5em;
	margin-bottom: 2.5em;
	}

	div.content { /* Block element content. */
	padding: 0;
	}

	/* Block element titles. */
	div.title, caption.title {
	font-family: sans-serif;
	font-weight: bold;
	text-align: left;
	margin-top: 1.0em;
	margin-bottom: 0.5em;
	}
	div.title + * {
	margin-top: 0;
	}

	td div.title:first-child {
	margin-top: 0.0em;
	}
	div.content div.title:first-child {
	margin-top: 0.0em;
	}
	div.content + div.title {
	margin-top: 0.0em;
	}

	div.sidebarblock > div.content {
	background: #ffffee;
	border: 1px solid silver;
	padding: 0.5em;
	}

	div.listingblock > div.content {
	border: 1px solid silver;
	background: #f4f4f4;
	padding: 0.5em;
	}

	div.quoteblock > div.content {
	padding-left: 2.0em;
	}
	div.quoteblock .attribution {
	text-align: right;
	}

	div.admonitionblock .icon {
	vertical-align: top;
	font-size: 1.1em;
	font-weight: bold;
	text-decoration: underline;
	color: #527bbd;
	padding-right: 0.5em;
	}
	div.admonitionblock td.content {
	padding-left: 0.5em;
	border-left: 2px solid silver;
	}

	div.exampleblock > div.content {
	border-left: 2px solid silver;
	padding: 0.5em;
	}

	div.verseblock div.content {
	white-space: pre;
	}

	div.imageblock div.content { padding-left: 0; }
	div.imageblock img { border: 1px solid silver; }
	span.image img { border-style: none; }

	dl {
	margin-top: 0.8em;
	margin-bottom: 0.8em;
	}
	dt {
	margin-top: 0.5em;
	margin-bottom: 0;
	font-style: italic;
	}
	dd > *:first-child {
	margin-top: 0;
	}

	ul, ol {
	list-style-position: outside;
	}
	ol.olist2 {
	list-style-type: lower-alpha;
	}

	div.tableblock > table {
	border-color: #527bbd;
	border-width: 3px;
	}
	thead {
	font-family: sans-serif;
	font-weight: bold;
	}
	tfoot {
	font-weight: bold;
	}

	div.hlist {
	margin-top: 0.8em;
	margin-bottom: 0.8em;
	}
	td.hlist1 {
	vertical-align: top;
	font-style: italic;
	padding-right: 0.8em;
	}
	td.hlist2 {
	vertical-align: top;
	}

	@media print {
	div#footer-badges { display: none; }
	}
	include::./stylesheets/xhtml11-manpage.css[]
	/* Workarounds for IE6's broken and incomplete CSS2. */

	div.sidebar-content {
	background: #ffffee;
	border: 1px solid silver;
	padding: 0.5em;
	}
	div.sidebar-title, div.image-title {
	font-family: sans-serif;
	font-weight: bold;
	margin-top: 0.0em;
	margin-bottom: 0.5em;
	}

	div.listingblock div.content {
	border: 1px solid silver;
	background: #f4f4f4;
	padding: 0.5em;
	}

	div.quoteblock-content {
	padding-left: 2.0em;
	}

	div.exampleblock-content {
	border-left: 2px solid silver;
	padding-left: 0.5em;
	}
	</style>
	<title>git-reset(1)</title>
	</head>
	<body>
	<div id="header">
	<h1>
	git-reset(1) Manual Page
	</h1>
	<h2>NAME</h2>
	<div class="sectionbody">
	<p>git-reset -
	Reset current HEAD to the specified state
	</p>
	</div>
	</div>
	<h2>SYNOPSIS</h2>
	<div class="sectionbody">
	<div class="verseblock">
	<div class="content"><em>git-reset</em> [--mixed \| --soft \| --hard] [<commit>]
	<em>git-reset</em> [--mixed] <commit> [--] <paths>…</div></div>
	</div>
	<h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
	<div class="sectionbody">
	<p>Sets the current head to the specified commit and optionally resets the
	index and working tree to match.</p>
	<p>This command is useful if you notice some small error in a recent
	commit (or set of commits) and want to redo that part without showing
	the undo in the history.</p>
	<p>If you want to undo a commit other than the latest on a branch,
	<a href="git-revert.html">git-revert(1)</a> is your friend.</p>
	<p>The second form with <em>paths</em> is used to revert selected paths in
	the index from a given commit, without moving HEAD.</p>
	</div>
	<h2>OPTIONS</h2>
	<div class="sectionbody">
	<dl>
	<dt>
	--mixed
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	Resets the index but not the working tree (i.e., the changed files
	are preserved but not marked for commit) and reports what has not
	been updated. This is the default action.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt>
	--soft
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	Does not touch the index file nor the working tree at all, but
	requires them to be in a good order. This leaves all your changed
	files "Added but not yet committed", as <a href="git-status.html">git-status(1)</a> would
	put it.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt>
	--hard
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	Matches the working tree and index to that of the tree being
	switched to. Any changes to tracked files in the working tree
	since <commit> are lost.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt>
	<commit>
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	Commit to make the current HEAD.
	</p>
	</dd>
	</dl>
	</div>
	<h2>Examples</h2>
	<div class="sectionbody">
	<dl>
	<dt>
	Undo a commit and redo
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<div class="listingblock">
	<div class="content">
	<pre><tt>$ git commit ...
	$ git reset --soft HEAD^ <b>(1)</b>
	$ edit <b>(2)</b>
	$ git commit -a -c ORIG_HEAD <b>(3)</b></tt></pre>
	</div></div>
	<ol>
	<li>
	<p>
	This is most often done when you remembered what you
	just committed is incomplete, or you misspelled your commit
	message, or both. Leaves working tree as it was before "reset".
	</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>
	Make corrections to working tree files.
	</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>
	"reset" copies the old head to .git/ORIG_HEAD; redo the
	commit by starting with its log message. If you do not need to
	edit the message further, you can give -C option instead.
	</p>
	<p>See also the --amend option to <a href="git-commit.html">git-commit(1)</a>.</p>
	</li>
	</ol>
	</dd>
	<dt>
	Undo commits permanently
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<div class="listingblock">
	<div class="content">
	<pre><tt>$ git commit ...
	$ git reset --hard HEAD~3 <b>(1)</b></tt></pre>
	</div></div>
	<ol>
	<li>
	<p>
	The last three commits (HEAD, HEAD^, and HEAD~2) were bad
	and you do not want to ever see them again. Do <strong>not</strong> do this if
	you have already given these commits to somebody else.
	</p>
	</li>
	</ol>
	</dd>
	<dt>
	Undo a commit, making it a topic branch
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<div class="listingblock">
	<div class="content">
	<pre><tt>$ git branch topic/wip <b>(1)</b>
	$ git reset --hard HEAD~3 <b>(2)</b>
	$ git checkout topic/wip <b>(3)</b></tt></pre>
	</div></div>
	<ol>
	<li>
	<p>
	You have made some commits, but realize they were premature
	to be in the "master" branch. You want to continue polishing
	them in a topic branch, so create "topic/wip" branch off of the
	current HEAD.
	</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>
	Rewind the master branch to get rid of those three commits.
	</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>
	Switch to "topic/wip" branch and keep working.
	</p>
	</li>
	</ol>
	</dd>
	<dt>
	Undo add
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<div class="listingblock">
	<div class="content">
	<pre><tt>$ edit <b>(1)</b>
	$ git add frotz.c filfre.c
	$ mailx <b>(2)</b>
	$ git reset <b>(3)</b>
	$ git pull git://info.example.com/ nitfol <b>(4)</b></tt></pre>
	</div></div>
	<ol>
	<li>
	<p>
	You are happily working on something, and find the changes
	in these files are in good order. You do not want to see them
	when you run "git diff", because you plan to work on other files
	and changes with these files are distracting.
	</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>
	Somebody asks you to pull, and the changes sounds worthy of merging.
	</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>
	However, you already dirtied the index (i.e. your index does
	not match the HEAD commit). But you know the pull you are going
	to make does not affect frotz.c nor filfre.c, so you revert the
	index changes for these two files. Your changes in working tree
	remain there.
	</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>
	Then you can pull and merge, leaving frotz.c and filfre.c
	changes still in the working tree.
	</p>
	</li>
	</ol>
	</dd>
	<dt>
	Undo a merge or pull
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<div class="listingblock">
	<div class="content">
	<pre><tt>$ git pull <b>(1)</b>
	Auto-merging nitfol
	CONFLICT (content): Merge conflict in nitfol
	Automatic merge failed/prevented; fix up by hand
	$ git reset --hard <b>(2)</b>
	$ git pull . topic/branch <b>(3)</b>
	Updating from 41223... to 13134...
	Fast forward
	$ git reset --hard ORIG_HEAD <b>(4)</b></tt></pre>
	</div></div>
	<ol>
	<li>
	<p>
	Try to update from the upstream resulted in a lot of
	conflicts; you were not ready to spend a lot of time merging
	right now, so you decide to do that later.
	</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>
	"pull" has not made merge commit, so "git reset --hard"
	which is a synonym for "git reset --hard HEAD" clears the mess
	from the index file and the working tree.
	</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>
	Merge a topic branch into the current branch, which resulted
	in a fast forward.
	</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>
	But you decided that the topic branch is not ready for public
	consumption yet. "pull" or "merge" always leaves the original
	tip of the current branch in ORIG_HEAD, so resetting hard to it
	brings your index file and the working tree back to that state,
	and resets the tip of the branch to that commit.
	</p>
	</li>
	</ol>
	</dd>
	<dt>
	Interrupted workflow
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>Suppose you are interrupted by an urgent fix request while you
	are in the middle of a large change. The files in your
	working tree are not in any shape to be committed yet, but you
	need to get to the other branch for a quick bugfix.</p>
	<div class="listingblock">
	<div class="content">
	<pre><tt>$ git checkout feature ;# you were working in "feature" branch and
	$ work work work ;# got interrupted
	$ git commit -a -m 'snapshot WIP' <b>(1)</b>
	$ git checkout master
	$ fix fix fix
	$ git commit ;# commit with real log
	$ git checkout feature
	$ git reset --soft HEAD^ ;# go back to WIP state <b>(2)</b>
	$ git reset <b>(3)</b></tt></pre>
	</div></div>
	<ol>
	<li>
	<p>
	This commit will get blown away so a throw-away log message is OK.
	</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>
	This removes the <em>WIP</em> commit from the commit history, and sets
	your working tree to the state just before you made that snapshot.
	</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>
	At this point the index file still has all the WIP changes you
	committed as <em>snapshot WIP</em>. This updates the index to show your
	WIP files as uncommitted.
	</p>
	</li>
	</ol>
	</dd>
	</dl>
	</div>
	<h2>Author</h2>
	<div class="sectionbody">
	<p>Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net> and Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org></p>
	</div>
	<h2>Documentation</h2>
	<div class="sectionbody">
	<p>Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.</p>
	</div>
	<h2>GIT</h2>
	<div class="sectionbody">
	<p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(7)</a> suite</p>
	</div>
	<div id="footer">
	<div id="footer-text">
	Last updated 02-Aug-2007 07:23:09 UTC
	</div>
	</div>
	</body>
	</html>