git-for-each-ref.html - external/gitster/git-htmldocs - Git at Google

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 <body>
 <div id="header">
 <h1>
 git-for-each-ref(1) Manual Page
 </h1>
 <h2>NAME</h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <p>git-for-each-ref -
  Output information on each ref
 </p>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div id="content">
 <h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <div class="verseblock">
 <div class="verseblock-content"><em>git for-each-ref</em> [--count=&lt;count&gt;] [--shell|--perl|--python|--tcl]
  [(--sort=&lt;key&gt;)&#8230;] [--format=&lt;format&gt;] [&lt;pattern&gt;&#8230;]</div>
 <div class="verseblock-attribution">
 </div></div>
 </div>
 <h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <div class="paragraph"><p>Iterate over all refs that match <tt>&lt;pattern&gt;</tt> and show them
 according to the given <tt>&lt;format&gt;</tt>, after sorting them according
 to the given set of <tt>&lt;key&gt;</tt>. If <tt>&lt;count&gt;</tt> is given, stop after
 showing that many refs. The interpolated values in <tt>&lt;format&gt;</tt>
 can optionally be quoted as string literals in the specified
 host language allowing their direct evaluation in that language.</p></div>
 </div>
 <h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <div class="dlist"><dl>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 &lt;count&gt;
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  By default the command shows all refs that match
  <tt>&lt;pattern&gt;</tt>. This option makes it stop after showing
  that many refs.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 &lt;key&gt;
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  A field name to sort on. Prefix <tt>-</tt> to sort in
  descending order of the value. When unspecified,
  <tt>refname</tt> is used. You may use the --sort=&lt;key&gt; option
  multiple times, in which case the last key becomes the primary
  key.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 &lt;format&gt;
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  A string that interpolates <tt>%(fieldname)</tt> from the
  object pointed at by a ref being shown. If <tt>fieldname</tt>
  is prefixed with an asterisk (<tt>*</tt>) and the ref points
  at a tag object, the value for the field in the object
  tag refers is used. When unspecified, defaults to
  <tt>%(objectname) SPC %(objecttype) TAB %(refname)</tt>.
  It also interpolates <tt>%%</tt> to <tt>%</tt>, and <tt>%xx</tt> where <tt>xx</tt>
  are hex digits interpolates to character with hex code
  <tt>xx</tt>; for example <tt>%00</tt> interpolates to <tt>\0</tt> (NUL),
  <tt>%09</tt> to <tt>\t</tt> (TAB) and <tt>%0a</tt> to <tt>\n</tt> (LF).
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 &lt;pattern&gt;&#8230;
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  If one or more patterns are given, only refs are shown that
  match against at least one pattern, either using fnmatch(3) or
  literally, in the latter case matching completely or from the
  beginning up to a slash.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 --shell
 </dt>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 --perl
 </dt>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 --python
 </dt>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 --tcl
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  If given, strings that substitute <tt>%(fieldname)</tt>
  placeholders are quoted as string literals suitable for
  the specified host language. This is meant to produce
  a scriptlet that can directly be `eval`ed.
 </p>
 </dd>
 </dl></div>
 </div>
 <h2 id="_field_names">FIELD NAMES</h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <div class="paragraph"><p>Various values from structured fields in referenced objects can
 be used to interpolate into the resulting output, or as sort
 keys.</p></div>
 <div class="paragraph"><p>For all objects, the following names can be used:</p></div>
 <div class="dlist"><dl>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 refname
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  The name of the ref (the part after $GIT_DIR/).
  For a non-ambiguous short name of the ref append <tt>:short</tt>.
  The option core.warnAmbiguousRefs is used to select the strict
  abbreviation mode.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 objecttype
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  The type of the object (<tt>blob</tt>, <tt>tree</tt>, <tt>commit</tt>, <tt>tag</tt>).
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 objectsize
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  The size of the object (the same as <em>git cat-file -s</em> reports).
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 objectname
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  The object name (aka SHA-1).
  For a non-ambiguous abbreviation of the object name append <tt>:short</tt>.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt class="hdlist1">
 upstream
 </dt>
 <dd>
 <p>
  The name of a local ref which can be considered <tt>`upstream''
  from the displayed ref. Respects `:short</tt> in the same way as
  <tt>refname</tt> above.
 </p>
 </dd>
 </dl></div>
 <div class="paragraph"><p>In addition to the above, for commit and tag objects, the header
 field names (<tt>tree</tt>, <tt>parent</tt>, <tt>object</tt>, <tt>type</tt>, and <tt>tag</tt>) can
 be used to specify the value in the header field.</p></div>
 <div class="paragraph"><p>Fields that have name-email-date tuple as its value (<tt>author</tt>,
 <tt>committer</tt>, and <tt>tagger</tt>) can be suffixed with <tt>name</tt>, <tt>email</tt>,
 and <tt>date</tt> to extract the named component.</p></div>
 <div class="paragraph"><p>The complete message in a commit and tag object is <tt>contents</tt>.
 Its first line is <tt>contents:subject</tt>, the remaining lines
 are <tt>contents:body</tt> and the optional GPG signature
 is <tt>contents:signature</tt>.</p></div>
 <div class="paragraph"><p>For sorting purposes, fields with numeric values sort in numeric
 order (<tt>objectsize</tt>, <tt>authordate</tt>, <tt>committerdate</tt>, <tt>taggerdate</tt>).
 All other fields are used to sort in their byte-value order.</p></div>
 <div class="paragraph"><p>In any case, a field name that refers to a field inapplicable to
 the object referred by the ref does not cause an error. It
 returns an empty string instead.</p></div>
 <div class="paragraph"><p>As a special case for the date-type fields, you may specify a format for
 the date by adding one of <tt>:default</tt>, <tt>:relative</tt>, <tt>:short</tt>, <tt>:local</tt>,
 <tt>:iso8601</tt> or <tt>:rfc2822</tt> to the end of the fieldname; e.g.
 <tt>%(taggerdate:relative)</tt>.</p></div>
 </div>
 <h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <div class="paragraph"><p>An example directly producing formatted text. Show the most recent
 3 tagged commits:</p></div>
 <div class="listingblock">
 <div class="content">
 <pre><tt>#!/bin/sh

 git for-each-ref --count=3 --sort='-*authordate' \
 --format='From: %(*authorname) %(*authoremail)
 Subject: %(*subject)
 Date: %(*authordate)
 Ref: %(*refname)

 %(*body)
 ' 'refs/tags'</tt></pre>
 </div></div>
 <div class="paragraph"><p>A simple example showing the use of shell eval on the output,
 demonstrating the use of --shell. List the prefixes of all heads:</p></div>
 <div class="listingblock">
 <div class="content">
 <pre><tt>#!/bin/sh

 git for-each-ref --shell --format="ref=%(refname)" refs/heads | \
 while read entry
 do
  eval "$entry"
  echo `dirname $ref`
 done</tt></pre>
 </div></div>
 <div class="paragraph"><p>A bit more elaborate report on tags, demonstrating that the format
 may be an entire script:</p></div>
 <div class="listingblock">
 <div class="content">
 <pre><tt>#!/bin/sh

 fmt='
  r=%(refname)
  t=%(*objecttype)
  T=${r#refs/tags/}

  o=%(*objectname)
  n=%(*authorname)
  e=%(*authoremail)
  s=%(*subject)
  d=%(*authordate)
  b=%(*body)

  kind=Tag
  if test "z$t" = z
  then
  # could be a lightweight tag
  t=%(objecttype)
  kind="Lightweight tag"
  o=%(objectname)
  n=%(authorname)
  e=%(authoremail)
  s=%(subject)
  d=%(authordate)
  b=%(body)
  fi
  echo "$kind $T points at a $t object $o"
  if test "z$t" = zcommit
  then
  echo "The commit was authored by $n $e
 at $d, and titled

  $s

 Its message reads as:
 "
  echo "$b" | sed -e "s/^/ /"
  echo
  fi
 '

 eval=`git for-each-ref --shell --format="$fmt" \
  --sort='*objecttype' \
  --sort=-taggerdate \
  refs/tags`
 eval "$eval"</tt></pre>
 </div></div>
 </div>
 <h2 id="_author">Author</h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <div class="paragraph"><p>Written by Junio C Hamano &lt;<a href="mailto:gitster@pobox.com">gitster@pobox.com</a>&gt;.</p></div>
 </div>
 <h2 id="_documentation">Documentation</h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <div class="paragraph"><p>Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list &lt;<a href="mailto:git@vger.kernel.org">git@vger.kernel.org</a>&gt;.</p></div>
 </div>
 <h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <div class="paragraph"><p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p></div>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
 <div id="footer">
 <div id="footer-text">
 Last updated 2011-11-15 13:45:02 PDT
 </div>
 </div>
 </body>
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	<body>
	<div id="header">
	<h1>
	git-for-each-ref(1) Manual Page
	</h1>
	<h2>NAME</h2>
	<div class="sectionbody">
	<p>git-for-each-ref -
	Output information on each ref
	</p>
	</div>
	</div>
	<div id="content">
	<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
	<div class="sectionbody">
	<div class="verseblock">
	<div class="verseblock-content"><em>git for-each-ref</em> [--count=<count>] [--shell\|--perl\|--python\|--tcl]
	[(--sort=<key>)…] [--format=<format>] [<pattern>…]</div>
	<div class="verseblock-attribution">
	</div></div>
	</div>
	<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
	<div class="sectionbody">
	<div class="paragraph"><p>Iterate over all refs that match <tt><pattern></tt> and show them
	according to the given <tt><format></tt>, after sorting them according
	to the given set of <tt><key></tt>. If <tt><count></tt> is given, stop after
	showing that many refs. The interpolated values in <tt><format></tt>
	can optionally be quoted as string literals in the specified
	host language allowing their direct evaluation in that language.</p></div>
	</div>
	<h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
	<div class="sectionbody">
	<div class="dlist"><dl>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	<count>
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	By default the command shows all refs that match
	<tt><pattern></tt>. This option makes it stop after showing
	that many refs.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	<key>
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	A field name to sort on. Prefix <tt>-</tt> to sort in
	descending order of the value. When unspecified,
	<tt>refname</tt> is used. You may use the --sort=<key> option
	multiple times, in which case the last key becomes the primary
	key.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	<format>
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	A string that interpolates <tt>%(fieldname)</tt> from the
	object pointed at by a ref being shown. If <tt>fieldname</tt>
	is prefixed with an asterisk (<tt>*</tt>) and the ref points
	at a tag object, the value for the field in the object
	tag refers is used. When unspecified, defaults to
	<tt>%(objectname) SPC %(objecttype) TAB %(refname)</tt>.
	It also interpolates <tt>%%</tt> to <tt>%</tt>, and <tt>%xx</tt> where <tt>xx</tt>
	are hex digits interpolates to character with hex code
	<tt>xx</tt>; for example <tt>%00</tt> interpolates to <tt>\0</tt> (NUL),
	<tt>%09</tt> to <tt>\t</tt> (TAB) and <tt>%0a</tt> to <tt>\n</tt> (LF).
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	<pattern>…
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	If one or more patterns are given, only refs are shown that
	match against at least one pattern, either using fnmatch(3) or
	literally, in the latter case matching completely or from the
	beginning up to a slash.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	--shell
	</dt>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	--perl
	</dt>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	--python
	</dt>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	--tcl
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	If given, strings that substitute <tt>%(fieldname)</tt>
	placeholders are quoted as string literals suitable for
	the specified host language. This is meant to produce
	a scriptlet that can directly be `eval`ed.
	</p>
	</dd>
	</dl></div>
	</div>
	<h2 id="_field_names">FIELD NAMES</h2>
	<div class="sectionbody">
	<div class="paragraph"><p>Various values from structured fields in referenced objects can
	be used to interpolate into the resulting output, or as sort
	keys.</p></div>
	<div class="paragraph"><p>For all objects, the following names can be used:</p></div>
	<div class="dlist"><dl>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	refname
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	The name of the ref (the part after $GIT_DIR/).
	For a non-ambiguous short name of the ref append <tt>:short</tt>.
	The option core.warnAmbiguousRefs is used to select the strict
	abbreviation mode.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	objecttype
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	The type of the object (<tt>blob</tt>, <tt>tree</tt>, <tt>commit</tt>, <tt>tag</tt>).
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	objectsize
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	The size of the object (the same as <em>git cat-file -s</em> reports).
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	objectname
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	The object name (aka SHA-1).
	For a non-ambiguous abbreviation of the object name append <tt>:short</tt>.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt class="hdlist1">
	upstream
	</dt>
	<dd>
	<p>
	The name of a local ref which can be considered <tt>`upstream''
	from the displayed ref. Respects `:short</tt> in the same way as
	<tt>refname</tt> above.
	</p>
	</dd>
	</dl></div>
	<div class="paragraph"><p>In addition to the above, for commit and tag objects, the header
	field names (<tt>tree</tt>, <tt>parent</tt>, <tt>object</tt>, <tt>type</tt>, and <tt>tag</tt>) can
	be used to specify the value in the header field.</p></div>
	<div class="paragraph"><p>Fields that have name-email-date tuple as its value (<tt>author</tt>,
	<tt>committer</tt>, and <tt>tagger</tt>) can be suffixed with <tt>name</tt>, <tt>email</tt>,
	and <tt>date</tt> to extract the named component.</p></div>
	<div class="paragraph"><p>The complete message in a commit and tag object is <tt>contents</tt>.
	Its first line is <tt>contents:subject</tt>, the remaining lines
	are <tt>contents:body</tt> and the optional GPG signature
	is <tt>contents:signature</tt>.</p></div>
	<div class="paragraph"><p>For sorting purposes, fields with numeric values sort in numeric
	order (<tt>objectsize</tt>, <tt>authordate</tt>, <tt>committerdate</tt>, <tt>taggerdate</tt>).
	All other fields are used to sort in their byte-value order.</p></div>
	<div class="paragraph"><p>In any case, a field name that refers to a field inapplicable to
	the object referred by the ref does not cause an error. It
	returns an empty string instead.</p></div>
	<div class="paragraph"><p>As a special case for the date-type fields, you may specify a format for
	the date by adding one of <tt>:default</tt>, <tt>:relative</tt>, <tt>:short</tt>, <tt>:local</tt>,
	<tt>:iso8601</tt> or <tt>:rfc2822</tt> to the end of the fieldname; e.g.
	<tt>%(taggerdate:relative)</tt>.</p></div>
	</div>
	<h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
	<div class="sectionbody">
	<div class="paragraph"><p>An example directly producing formatted text. Show the most recent
	3 tagged commits:</p></div>
	<div class="listingblock">
	<div class="content">
	<pre><tt>#!/bin/sh

	git for-each-ref --count=3 --sort='-*authordate' \
	--format='From: %(authorname) %(authoremail)
	Subject: %(*subject)
	Date: %(*authordate)
	Ref: %(*refname)

	%(*body)
	' 'refs/tags'</tt></pre>
	</div></div>
	<div class="paragraph"><p>A simple example showing the use of shell eval on the output,
	demonstrating the use of --shell. List the prefixes of all heads:</p></div>
	<div class="listingblock">
	<div class="content">
	<pre><tt>#!/bin/sh

	git for-each-ref --shell --format="ref=%(refname)" refs/heads \| \
	while read entry
	do
	eval "$entry"
	echo `dirname $ref`
	done</tt></pre>
	</div></div>
	<div class="paragraph"><p>A bit more elaborate report on tags, demonstrating that the format
	may be an entire script:</p></div>
	<div class="listingblock">
	<div class="content">
	<pre><tt>#!/bin/sh

	fmt='
	r=%(refname)
	t=%(*objecttype)
	T=${r#refs/tags/}

	o=%(*objectname)
	n=%(*authorname)
	e=%(*authoremail)
	s=%(*subject)
	d=%(*authordate)
	b=%(*body)

	kind=Tag
	if test "z$t" = z
	then
	# could be a lightweight tag
	t=%(objecttype)
	kind="Lightweight tag"
	o=%(objectname)
	n=%(authorname)
	e=%(authoremail)
	s=%(subject)
	d=%(authordate)
	b=%(body)
	fi
	echo "$kind $T points at a $t object $o"
	if test "z$t" = zcommit
	then
	echo "The commit was authored by $n $e
	at $d, and titled

	$s

	Its message reads as:
	"
	echo "$b" \| sed -e "s/^/ /"
	echo
	fi
	'

	eval=`git for-each-ref --shell --format="$fmt" \
	--sort='*objecttype' \
	--sort=-taggerdate \
	refs/tags`
	eval "$eval"</tt></pre>
	</div></div>
	</div>
	<h2 id="_author">Author</h2>
	<div class="sectionbody">
	<div class="paragraph"><p>Written by Junio C Hamano <<a href="mailto:gitster@pobox.com">gitster@pobox.com</a>>.</p></div>
	</div>
	<h2 id="_documentation">Documentation</h2>
	<div class="sectionbody">
	<div class="paragraph"><p>Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <<a href="mailto:git@vger.kernel.org">git@vger.kernel.org</a>>.</p></div>
	</div>
	<h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
	<div class="sectionbody">
	<div class="paragraph"><p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p></div>
	</div>
	</div>
	<div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
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	<div id="footer-text">
	Last updated 2011-11-15 13:45:02 PDT
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